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Chen S, Liu Q, Yu X, Zeng X. Common risk factors for dental caries and impaired glucose regulation in Guangxi, China. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:219-228. [PMID: 37691409 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of caries and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and try to investigate their common risk factors among adult residents in Guangxi province. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 2993 adults from five different areas of Guangxi province. The sociodemographic data, history of personal habits such as diet and physical activities, physical measurements, oral examination results and biochemical laboratory test data were collected to establish a database and prepare a sound research model. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the risk factors for dental caries and IGR. RESULTS The prevalence rate for caries was 85.9%, and the mean DMFT score was 7.35. In multiple logistic regression, after adjustment, education level, occupation, daily consumption of vegetables, weekly consumption of carbonated beverages and weekly exercise were associated with caries (odds ratio [OR]: 2.10, OR: 1.80, OR: 1.40, OR: 2.45, OR: 2.38). The prevalence of IGR was 33.5%, and after adjustment, results showed that occupation, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein-C levels and low-density lipoprotein-C levels were significantly associated with IGR (OR: 0.80, OR: 1.70, OR: 1.56, OR: 1.88, OR: 1.60, OR: 1.43, OR: 1.48). The strength of association between caries/IGR and risk factors was a weak association or moderate association. CONCLUSIONS We have not found common risk factors between dental caries and IGR. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore these common risk factors to prevent caries and IGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Chen
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueting Yu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zeng
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Smetanina N, Valickas R, Vitkauskiene A, Albertsson-Wikland K, Verkauskienė R. Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Impaired Glucose Metabolism among 10- to 17-Year-Old Overweight and Obese Lithuanian Children and Adolescents. Obes Facts 2021; 14:271-282. [PMID: 33951670 PMCID: PMC8255643 DOI: 10.1159/000514720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight (Ow) and obesity among adults and children increases the risk of metabolic consequences. Metabolic syndrome (MS) and impaired glucose metabolism are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of MS and impaired glucose metabolism among Ow and obese (Ob) children and adolescents (aged 10-17 years) in Lithuania, and to evaluate the associations between insulin resistance (IR) indices and anthropometric parameters as well as metabolic disturbances. METHODS The study population consisted of 344 OwOb children and adolescents of all pubertal stages. Oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs), IR and β cell function indices, lipid profile, and anthropometric parameters of all subjects were analyzed. MS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation consensus guidelines. RESULTS MS was found in 21.3% of the OwOb children and adolescents, and 12.1% had impaired glucose metabolism (6.9% with impaired fasting glucose, 4.5% with impaired glucose tolerance, and 0.6% with type 2 diabetes). IR was directly related to body mass index and waist circumference, waist-to-height and waist-to-hip ratios, and sum of skin-fold thicknesses. Children with MS were more insulin-resistant, had higher odds ratio for prediabetes and had a more disturbed lipid profile than subjects without MS. Moreover, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly lower in the more mature OwOb adolescents. CONCLUSION MS and lipid profile disturbances are common in OwOb children and adolescents. MS is directly associated with IR. Therefore, OwOb children and adolescents should be carefully followed up for metabolic abnormalities during late childhood as these can persist into adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalija Smetanina
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- *Natalija Smetanina,
| | - Raimondas Valickas
- Department of Radiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Astra Vitkauskiene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kerstin Albertsson-Wikland
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rasa Verkauskienė
- Institute of Endocrinology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Muñoz-González MC, Lima-Martínez MM, Nava A, Trerotola G, Paoli M, Cabrera-Rego JO, Gonzalez B, Arciniegas A, Paez J. FINDRISC Modified for Latin America as a Screening Tool for Persons with Impaired Glucose Metabolism in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela. Med Princ Pract 2019; 28:324-332. [PMID: 30852570 PMCID: PMC6639652 DOI: 10.1159/000499468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) includes anthropometric, metabolic, and lifestyle factors that predict type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the FINDRISC modified for Latin America (LA-FINDRISC) as a screening tool for persons with impaired glucose metabolism in Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela. METHODS Subjects aged between 18 and 70 years of both sexes without known diabetes were invited to participate. After informed consent, they were screened with the LA-FINDRISC questionnaire and then given an oral glucose tolerance test, using the American Diabetes Association criteria for diagnosis. To obtain the cutoff point of LA-FINDRISC for predicting impaired glucose regulation, a receiver operating characteristic curve was constructed. RESULTS A total of 200 subjects were evaluated, 64.5% female, with a mean age of 35.20 ± 13.84 years. Of these, 158 (79%) did not present with carbohydrate metabolism disorder, while 42 (21%) did. Age (p = 0.0001), body mass index (p = 0.011), and waist circumference (p = 0.031) were significantly higher in subjects with impaired glucose regulation when compared to those without it. There were a significantly greater number of sedentary (p = 0.039) and hypertensive subjects (p = 0.0001), as well as those with a history of glucose >100 mg/dL (p = 0.0001), in the impaired glucose metabolism group. A cutoff LA-FINDRISC of 14 points predicted a high risk of impaired glucose regulation with a sensitivity of 45.2% and a specificity of 89.9%. CONCLUSION A LA-FINDRISC >14 points had low sensitivity but high specificity for predicting carbohydrate metabolism disorders in this group of patients from Ciudad Bolívar.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcos M Lima-Martínez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela,
- Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism and Nutrition Unit, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela,
| | - Aura Nava
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela
| | - Gisuardo Trerotola
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Ciudad Bolívar, Venezuela
| | - Mariela Paoli
- Endocrinology Unit, Andes University Hospital Autonomous Institute, Mérida, Venezuela
| | - Julio O Cabrera-Rego
- Intensive Coronary Care Unit, Hospital "Comandante Manuel Fajardo,", Havana, Cuba
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Almari M, Alsaedi S, Mohammad A, Ziyab AH. Associations of adiposity and parental diabetes with prediabetes among adolescents in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study. Pediatr Diabetes 2018; 19:1362-1369. [PMID: 30255624 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.12780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prediabetes, a high-risk state for developing diabetes, has become more prevalent among children and adolescents in recent decades. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and assess its association with adiposity among adolescents in Kuwait. Also, to determine whether maternal and paternal history of diabetes associate with offspring prediabetes in a sex-specific manner. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling students (n = 1959; aged 14-19 years) attending high schools across Kuwait. Body mass index-for-age z-scores were estimated using the World Health Organization growth reference. Glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) was measured in capillary blood using point-of-care testing. Prediabetes was defined according to the diagnostic criteria of the American Diabetes Association (ADA; 5.7 ≤ HbA1c% ≤ 6.4) and the International Expert Committee (IEC; 6.0 ≤ HbA1c% ≤ 6.4). Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation. RESULTS According to the ADA criteria, 33.3% (620/1845) of participants had prediabetes; whereas, 8.5% (157/1845) met the IEC definition for prediabetes. Subjects classified as obese had higher prevalence of prediabetes compared to children in the thinness/normal group (aPR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.44-1.95). Analysis stratified by offspring sex showed that maternal history of diabetes is associated with prediabetes among male offspring (aPR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.63). In contrast, paternal history of diabetes showed an association with prediabetes among female offspring (aPR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.48). CONCLUSIONS Prediabetes affects a substantial proportion of adolescents in Kuwait and adiposity and parental diabetes being the main associated factors with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Almari
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.,Medical Services Directorate, Kuwait National Guard, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Saad Alsaedi
- Medical Services Directorate, Kuwait National Guard, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Anwar Mohammad
- Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Safat, Kuwait
| | - Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.,Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Safat, Kuwait
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Alfadhli S, Al-Mazeedi S, Bodner ME, Dean E. Discordance between Lifestyle-Related Health Practices and Beliefs of People Living in Kuwait: A Community-Based Study. Med Princ Pract 2017; 26:10-16. [PMID: 27764822 PMCID: PMC5588336 DOI: 10.1159/000452670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the concordance between lifestyle practices and beliefs of people living in Kuwait, and between their lifestyle practices and established evidence-informed recommendations for health. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A cross-sectional interview questionnaire study was conducted using a convenience sample of 100 adults living in Kuwait (age range 19-75 years). The interview included sections on demographics, and lifestyle-related practices and beliefs related to smoking, diet/nutrition, physical activity/exercise, sleep, and stress. Diet/nutrition and physical activity/exercise benchmarks were based on international standards. Analyses included descriptive statistics and the χ2 test. RESULTS Beliefs about the importance of nutrition in lifestyle-related conditions were limited, and this was apparent in participants' dietary habits, e.g., low consumption of fruit/vegetables and multigrains: 16 (16%) and 9 (9%) met the recommended guidelines, respectively. Ninety-nine (99%) believed physical activity/exercise affects health overall, and 44 (44%) exercised regularly. Of the sample of 100, 20 (20%) exercised in accordance with evidence-based recommendations for maximal health. Compared with beliefs about other lifestyle-related behaviors/attributes, respondents believed nutrition contributed more than stress to heart disease, cancer, and stroke, and stress contributed more than nutrition to hypertension and diabetes. CONCLUSION In this study, our findings showed a discrepancy between lifestyle-related practices and beliefs, and between each of these and evidence-based recommendations for maximal health, i.e., not smoking, several servings of fruit and vegetables and whole-grain foods daily, healthy weight, restorative sleep, and low-to-moderate stress levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suad Alfadhli
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Canada
| | - Sabriyah Al-Mazeedi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Canada
| | - Michael E. Bodner
- Department of School of Human Kinetics, Trinity Western University, Langley, BC
| | - Elizabeth Dean
- Department of Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- *Prof. Elizabeth Dean, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3 (Canada), E-Mail
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Ben Haider NY, Ziyab AH. Prevalence of prediabetes and its association with obesity among college students in Kuwait: A cross-sectional study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2016; 119:71-4. [PMID: 27484296 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study sought to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and assess its association with obesity among young adults in Kuwait; a country with a high prevalence of obesity and diabetes. The estimated prevalence of prediabetes was 6.3% (95% CI: 4.8-8.1) and obesity was associated with elevated prediabetes prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Y Ben Haider
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
| | - Ali H Ziyab
- Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
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Al-Haifi AA, AlMajed HT, Al-Hazzaa HM, Musaiger AO, Arab MA, Hasan RA. Relative Contribution of Obesity, Sedentary Behaviors and Dietary Habits to Sleep Duration Among Kuwaiti Adolescents. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8:107-17. [PMID: 26234983 PMCID: PMC4804078 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether body mass index (BMI), eating habits and sedentary behaviours were associated with sleep duration among Kuwaiti adolescents. The study is part of the Arab Teens Lifestyle Study (ATLS), which is a school-based cross-sectional multi-center collaborative study. A sample of 906 adolescents (boys and girls) aged 14-19 years was randomly selected from 6 Kuwaiti Governances using a multistage stratified cluster sampling technique. The findings revealed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 50.5% in boys and 46.5% in girls. The majority of boys (76%) and of girls (74%) fell into the short sleep duration category (6 hours/day or less). Sleep duration were found to be negatively associated with BMI (girls only). Watching television (boys and girls) and working on computers (boys only) were also negatively associated with sleep duration. While the consumption of breakfast (both genders) and milk (boys only) was positively associated with sleep duration (p<0.05). In contrast, the consumption of fast foods (both genders), sugar-sweetened drinks and sweets (boys only) potatoes (girls only) were negatively associated with sleep duration (p<0.05). It can be concluded that the majority of Kuwaiti adolescents exhibit insufficient sleep duration which was associated with obesity measure, a combination of poor eating habits and more sedentary behaviors. The findings also suggest gender differences in these associations. Therefore, adequate sleep is an important modifiable risk factor to prevent obesity and was positively associated with some unhealthy lifestyle habits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hana Th AlMajed
- Applied Medical Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences. Public authority of Applied Education and Training.
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Al-Sinani S, Al-Shafaee M, Al-Mamari A, Woodhouse N, El-Shafie O, Hassan MO, Al-Yahyaee S, Albarwani S, Jaju D, Al-Hashmi K, Al-Abri M, Rizvi S, Bayoumi R. Impaired Fasting Glucose in Omani Adults with no Family History of Type 2 Diabetes. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2014; 14:e183-e189. [PMID: 24790740 PMCID: PMC3997534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) among Omani adults with no family history (FH) of diabetes and to investigate the factors behind the risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), while excluding a FH of diabetes. METHODS A total of 1,182 Omani adults, aged ≥40 years, visited the Family Medicine & Community Health Clinic at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman, on days other than the Diabetes Clinic days, from July 2010 to July 2011. The subjects were interviewed and asked if they had T2D or a FH of T2D. RESULTS Only 191 (16%) reported no personal history of T2D or FH of the disease. Of these, anthropometric and biochemical data was complete in 159 subjects. Of these a total of 42 (26%) had IFG according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Body mass index, fasting insulin, haemoglobin A1C and blood pressure (BP), were significantly higher among individuals with IFG (P <0.01, P <0.05, P <0.01 and P <0.01, respectively). In addition, fasting insulin, BP and serum lipid profile were correlated with obesity indices (P <0.05). Obesity indices were strongly associated with the risk of IFG among Omanis, with waist circumference being the strongest predictor. CONCLUSION Despite claiming no FH of diabetes, a large number of Omani adults in this study had a high risk of developing diabetes. This is possibly due to environmental factors and endogamy. The high prevalence of obesity combined with genetically susceptible individuals is a warning that diabetes could be a future epidemic in Oman.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan Al-Sinani
- Departments of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Mohammed Al-Shafaee
- Family Medicine & Public Health, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Ali Al-Mamari
- Departments of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Nicolas Woodhouse
- Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Omayma El-Shafie
- Departments of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Mohammed O. Hassan
- Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Said Al-Yahyaee
- Genetics, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Sulayma Albarwani
- Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Deepali Jaju
- Clinical Physiology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khamis Al-Hashmi
- Medicine, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Mohammed Al-Abri
- Clinical Physiology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Syed Rizvi
- Family Medicine & Public Health, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
| | - Riad Bayoumi
- Departments of Biochemistry, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University
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Behbehani K. Kuwait National Programme for Healthy Living: first 5-year plan (2013-2017). Med Princ Pract 2014; 23 Suppl 1:32-42. [PMID: 24662472 PMCID: PMC5586954 DOI: 10.1159/000358884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kuwait National Programme for Healthy Living is an initiative to promote the health and well-being for individuals residing in the country. The plan has been created based on current data and available information pertaining to the various lifestyles of the populations living in Kuwait and their impact on health in general and chronic diseases in particular. Leading a healthy lifestyle is important because it means living in an environment, such as the Kuwaiti society, where chronic conditions such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension and coronary heart diseases are significantly reduced. Several factors regarding lifestyles among the various ethnic groups residing in Kuwait have been identified, including inactivity resulting from the lack of need for physical exertion in daily-life activities and social rituals involving the serving of food amongst the various ethnic groups residing in Kuwait. For Kuwaitis and other ethnicities as well, traditional social gatherings include serving food as an integral element of the social ritual. The environments of school and work also contribute to an individual's lifestyle. The goal of the programme is to address the contribution of lifestyle choices and the social environment to health with the goal of creating a healthy environment that will sustain good health and social well-being. This can be accomplished by involving the various stakeholders in promoting the aim of the programme. Finally, addressing the research needs for healthy lifestyle issues can have a huge impact on the outcome of the programmes designed and would aid in creating a healthy living environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Behbehani
- *Prof. Kazem Behbehani, Director General, Dasman Diabetes Institute, PO Box 1180, Dasman 15462 (Kuwait), E-Mail
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Karageorgi S, Alsmadi O, Behbehani K. A review of adult obesity prevalence, trends, risk factors, and epidemiologic methods in Kuwait. J Obes 2013; 2013:378650. [PMID: 24455212 PMCID: PMC3877637 DOI: 10.1155/2013/378650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Kuwait is among the countries with the highest obesity rates worldwide; however, little is known about the state of obesity epidemiology research in Kuwait. In this paper, we therefore review the findings and methodology of studies on the prevalence, trends and risk factors of obesity in Kuwait. METHODS The PubMed database was searched using the keyword combination: obesity and adults and Kuwait. Out of 111 articles, 39 remained after abstract review, and 18 were selected after full-text review. RESULTS The studies were all cross-sectional and published in the last fifteen years (1997-2012). The sample size ranged from 177 to 38,611 individuals. Only 30% of studies used random sampling. The prevalence (BMI ≥ 30) in studies with a nationally representative sample ranged from 24% to 48% overall and in adults >50 years was greater than 52%. Rates were significantly higher in women than those in men. Studies that examined trends showed an increase in obesity prevalence between 1980 and 2009. Multiple risk factors including sociocultural factors were investigated in the studies; however, factors were only crudely assessed. CONCLUSION There is a need for future studies, particularly surveillance surveys and prospective cohort studies utilizing advanced methods, to monitor trends and to comprehensively assess the factors contributing to the obesity epidemic in Kuwait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalo Karageorgi
- Genome Centre, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462 Kuwait City, Kuwait
- *Stalo Karageorgi:
| | - Osama Alsmadi
- Genome Centre, Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman, 15462 Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Kazem Behbehani
- Dasman Diabetes Institute, P.O. Box 1180, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
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11
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Al Zenki S, Al Omirah H, Al Hooti S, Al Hamad N, Jackson RT, Rao A, Al Jahmah N, Al Obaid I, Al Ghanim J, Al Somaie M, Zaghloul S, Al Othman A. High prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Kuwaiti adults--a wake-up call for public health intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2012; 9:1984-96. [PMID: 22754486 PMCID: PMC3386600 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph9051984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2012] [Revised: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The socio-economic development which followed the discovery of oil resources brought about considerable changes in the food habits and lifestyle of the Kuwaiti population. Excessive caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure due to a sedentary lifestyle have led to a rapid increase in obesity, diabetes and other non-communicable chronic diseases in the population. In this paper, we examine the prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among Kuwaiti adults (≥20 years) using data from the first national nutrition survey conducted between July 2008 and November 2009. The prevalence of MetS was 37.7% in females and 34.2% in males by NCEP criteria, whereas the values were 40.1% in females and 41.7% in males according to IDF criteria. Prevalence of MetS increased with age and was higher in females than males. The high prevalence of the MetS in Kuwaiti adults warrants urgent public health measures to prevent morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular complications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer Al Zenki
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (H.A.O.); (S.A.H.); (J.A.G.); (A.A.O.)
| | - Husam Al Omirah
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (H.A.O.); (S.A.H.); (J.A.G.); (A.A.O.)
| | - Suad Al Hooti
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (H.A.O.); (S.A.H.); (J.A.G.); (A.A.O.)
| | - Nawal Al Hamad
- Ministry of Health, Food and Nutrition Administration, PO Box 24225, Safat 13103, Kuwait; (N.A.H.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Robert T. Jackson
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Aravinda Rao
- Ministry of Health, Medical Laboratories Services, Sabah Hospital Laboratories, PO Box 24225, Safat 13103, Kuwait; (A.R.); (N.A.J.); (I.A.O.)
| | - Nasser Al Jahmah
- Ministry of Health, Medical Laboratories Services, Sabah Hospital Laboratories, PO Box 24225, Safat 13103, Kuwait; (A.R.); (N.A.J.); (I.A.O.)
| | - Ina'am Al Obaid
- Ministry of Health, Medical Laboratories Services, Sabah Hospital Laboratories, PO Box 24225, Safat 13103, Kuwait; (A.R.); (N.A.J.); (I.A.O.)
| | - Jameela Al Ghanim
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (H.A.O.); (S.A.H.); (J.A.G.); (A.A.O.)
| | - Mona Al Somaie
- Ministry of Health, Food and Nutrition Administration, PO Box 24225, Safat 13103, Kuwait; (N.A.H.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Sahar Zaghloul
- National Nutrition Institute, 16 Kasr El Aini Street, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Amani Al Othman
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, PO Box 24885, Safat 13109, Kuwait; (H.A.O.); (S.A.H.); (J.A.G.); (A.A.O.)
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