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Umemori S, Ogawa M, Yamada S, Komatsu M, Oikawa E, Okamoto Y, Katoh M, Shirasaka T, Abiko K, Moriizumi S, Matsuo Y, Tohyama H, Mukaino M. Development of a Conversion Table Linking Functional Independence Measure Scores to International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Qualifiers: Insights from a Survey of Healthcare Professionals. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:831. [PMID: 38667593 PMCID: PMC11049898 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12080831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, patient assessments rely on established scales. Integrating data from these scales into the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework has been suggested; however, a standardized approach is lacking. Herein, we tested a new approach to develop a conversion table translating clinical scale scores into ICF qualifiers based on a clinician survey. The survey queried rehabilitation professionals about which functional independence measure (FIM) item scores (1-7) corresponded to the ICF qualifiers (0-4). A total of 458 rehabilitation professionals participated. The survey findings indicated a general consensus on the equivalence of FIM scores with ICF qualifiers. The median value for each item remained consistent across all item groups. Specifically, FIM 1 had a median value of 4; FIM 2 and 3 both had median values of 3; FIM 4 and 5 both had median values of 2; FIM 6 had a median value of 1; and FIM 7 had a median value of 0. Despite limitations due to the irreconcilable differences between the frameworks of existing scales and the ICF, these results underline the ICF's potential to serve as a central hub for integrating clinical data from various scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Umemori
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan; (S.U.); (M.O.)
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo 065-0022, Japan
| | - Mao Ogawa
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan; (S.U.); (M.O.)
| | - Shin Yamada
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka 181-8611, Japan;
| | - Masayo Komatsu
- Division of Environmental Medicine and Population Sciences, Department of Social Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Emiko Oikawa
- General Incorporated Association, Japan ICF Association, Tama 206-0012, Japan;
| | - Yasuyo Okamoto
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hanakawa Hospital, Ishikari 061-3207, Japan;
| | - Masaki Katoh
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fujita Health University Hospital, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan;
| | - Tomohide Shirasaka
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokuto Social Medical Corporation Tokachi Rehabilitation Center, Obihiro 080-0833, Japan;
| | - Kagari Abiko
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sapporo Azabu Neurosurgical Hospital, Sapporo 065-0022, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Moriizumi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Moriyama Memorial Hospital, Asahikawa 070-0832, Japan;
| | - Yuichiro Matsuo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo 063-0005, Japan;
| | - Harukazu Tohyama
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan;
| | - Masahiko Mukaino
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo 060-8648, Japan; (S.U.); (M.O.)
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Huang Y, Wang Y, Yang J, Johansson L, Ma B, Zhang X, Lu Q, Wang Y, Zhao Y. Application of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) in dementia research and practice: A scoping review. Aging Ment Health 2023; 27:357-371. [PMID: 35315703 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2022.2053835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) endorsed by the World Health Organization provides a conceptual framework for describing functioning and disability based on a biopsychosocial model. Although dementia is one of the leading causes of disability, yet little is known on the extent to how the ICF has been utilized in dementia research and practice. The study aimed to examine and map the current applications of the ICF with dementia from a body of earlier studies and to explore the potential use in person-centred dementia care. METHODS The Arksey and O'Malley framework was used to guide the searching, selecting, and synthesizing process. The scoping review was reported following The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. RESULTS A total of 34 studies were included. The applications of ICF were classified into 4 themes: (1) in clinical practice and the education of health professionals (n = 20); (2) community support services and income support (n = 3); (3) population-based, census, or survey data (n = 10); (4) advocacy and empowerment purposes (n = 1). CONCLUSION The ICF has made a major impact on dementia in clinical settings. Findings strongly support applying the ICF to person-centered dementia care. In the future, more empirical studies are needed to expand the scope of ICF use in dementia research and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqi Huang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yulu Wang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Yang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Linda Johansson
- Institute of Gerontology, Aging Research Network-Jönköping, School of Health and Welfare, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Bingxin Ma
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Haeger M, Bock O, Zijlstra W. [Smartphone-based health promotion in old age : An explorative multi-component approach to improving health in old age]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2020; 54:146-151. [PMID: 32052186 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-020-01700-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As age-related health problems are often related to a combination of physiological, psychological and social aspects, it has been proposed that multi-component interventions might be particularly effective to improve older peoples' health. The present study used a smartphone-based approach to promote health through activities including physical as well as cognitive components performed in a daily life context. METHODS This study investigated the effects of different health-related variables (e.g. gait and cognition) as well as the individual motivation for physical activity. The study included 34 community-dwelling older adults (mean age 75.0 ± 3.7 years, 15 women) who took part either in smartphone-based activities (intervention group) or attended lectures (control group). The smartphone-based interventions were undertaken semiweekly. RESULTS Baseline tests showed that participants in both groups already had a high motivation for physical activities. Analyses indicated that the smartphone application was considered to be user-friendly. CONCLUSION There were no substantial health-related benefits from the activities, probably due to moderate to good health status and activity levels at baseline and too little additional activity intensity during the intervention. Hence, it is recommended that for future research the subjects included should be less active or have health restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Haeger
- Institut für Physiologie und Anatomie, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Deutschland. .,Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Otmar Bock
- Institut für Physiologie und Anatomie, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Wiebren Zijlstra
- Institut für Bewegungs- und Sportgerontologie, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933, Köln, Deutschland
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Hahn L, Kessler J. A new scoring system for increasing the sensitivity of the MMSE. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 53:156-162. [PMID: 30805664 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-019-01516-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mini mental state examination (MMSE) has been criticized for its lack of sensitivity, especially in mild cases of dementia. There have been several attempts to increase the sensitivity by adding or deleting items, which never became accepted in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE In the current study a new scoring system for improving the sensitivity of the MMSE is proposed, which preserves the original items and the total score of 30 points. Instead of changing the number of items or the total score of 30 points, the weighting of the different items in the total score of 30 points was changed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Neuropsychological test data of 765 patients were retrospectively included in the study to determine the difficulty of each MMSE item. Multiple scoring systems for the MMSE were developed by inclusion of the item difficulty and clinical relevance. The sensitivity of the new scoring system was compared to the original scoring system by using the DemTect as an established measure. RESULTS The results showed that an increase of 24.3% in sensitivity was statistically significant. Within the mild cognitive impairment subgroup, the sensitivity of the new scoring system was twice as high in comparison to the original MMSE and within the dementia group the sensitivity was increased by 8.2%. CONCLUSION A new scoring system with a higher sensitivity than the original MMSE was developed, which can easily be administered in clinical practice because it preserves all items and the total score of 30 points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Hahn
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Josef Kessler
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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Improving clarity and transparency in cognitive assessment: conversion of the Cambridge Cognition Examination to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. Eur Geriatr Med 2018; 9:455-466. [PMID: 34674485 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-018-0066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A variety of screening, diagnostic and assessment tools have been developed for use in dementia research and care. However, there is no consensus which tool to use and moreover there is no transparency in communication between countries and disciplines. OBJECTIVE To contribute to a more uniform assessment in dementia, the Cambridge Cognition Examination (CAMCOG) was converted to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). METHODS In a qualitative design, CAMCOG-items and -scoring-system were converted to the ICF addressing 3 ICF domains: global and specific mental functions and general tasks and demands. Construct and discriminative validity was checked in a sample of 25 cognitively healthy elderly (CHE), 25 persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and 25 patients with mild Alzheimer's Disease (mAD). RESULTS A significant correlation was observed between CAMCOG/ICF-CAMCOG (r = - 0.987; p < 0.01). The areas under the curve (AUC) of the ICF-CAMCOG were between 0.819 and 0.978; comparable with the original CAMCOG. Only a significant difference between the AUC of the CHE versus MCI (0.911 vs. 0.819; p = 0.0094) was observed in favour of CAMCOG. CONCLUSION The clinical use of the ICF-CAMCOG looks promising offering a more detailed and interpretable scoring and may allow for better planning of resources to aid patients with dementia.
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Azzopardi RV, Vermeiren S, Gorus E, Habbig AK, Petrovic M, Van Den Noortgate N, De Vriendt P, Bautmans I, Beyer I. Linking Frailty Instruments to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health: A Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2016; 17:1066.e1-1066.e11. [PMID: 27614932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
To date, the major dilemma concerning frailty is the lack of a standardized language regarding its operationalization. Considering the demographic challenge that the world is facing, standardization of frailty identification is indeed the first step in tackling the burdensome consequences of frailty. To demonstrate this diversity in frailty assessment, the available frailty instruments have been linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF): a standardized and hierarchically coded language developed by World Health Organization regarding health conditions and their positive (functioning) and negative (disability) consequences. A systematic review on frailty instruments was carried out in PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and PsycINFO. The items of the identified frailty instruments were then linked to the ICF codes. 79 original or adapted frailty instruments were identified and categorized into single (n = 25) and multidomain (n = 54) groups. Only 5 frailty instruments (indexes) were linked to all 5 ICF components. Whereas the ICF components Body Functions and Activities and Participation were frequently linked to the frailty instruments, Body Structures, Environmental and Personal factors were sparingly represented mainly in the multidomain frailty instruments. This review highlights the heterogeneity in frailty operationalization. Environmental and personal factors should be given more thought in future frailty assessments. Being unambiguous, structured, and neutral, the ICF language allows comparing observations made with different frailty instruments. In conclusion, this systematic overview and ICF translation can be a cornerstone for future standardization of frailty assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Vella Azzopardi
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Geriatrics Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sofie Vermeiren
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ellen Gorus
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Geriatrics Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ann-Katrin Habbig
- Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Fundamental Rights and Constitutionalism Research group (FRC), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Elsene, Belgium
| | - Mirko Petrovic
- Geriatrics department, Ghent University Hospital (UZ Gent), Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Patricia De Vriendt
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Artevelde Hogeschool, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ivan Bautmans
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Geriatrics Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ingo Beyer
- Gerontology Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Frailty in Aging (FRIA) Research Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium; Geriatrics Department, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Laarbeeklaan, Brussels, Belgium
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Han KY, Kim HJ, Bang HJ. Feasibility of Applying the Extended ICF Core Set for Stroke to Clinical Settings in Rehabilitation: A Preliminary Study. Ann Rehabil Med 2015; 39:56-65. [PMID: 25750873 PMCID: PMC4351496 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2015.39.1.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the potential feasibility of application of the extended International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Core Set for stroke. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 40 stroke outpatients (>6 months after onset) admitted to the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine for comprehensive rehabilitation. Clinical information of the patients were respectively evaluated to link to the 166 second-level categories of the extended ICF Core Set for stroke. Results Clinical information could be linked to 111 different ICF categories, 58 categories of the body functions component, eight categories of the body structures component, 38 categories of the activities and participation component, and seven categories of the environmental factors component. Conclusion The body functions component might be feasible for application of the extended ICF Core Set for stroke to clinical settings. The activities and participation component and environmental factors component may not be directly applied to clinical settings without additional evaluation tools including interview and questionnaire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Yong Han
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyo Jong Kim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Heui Je Bang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
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Szczesniak D, Wojtynska R, Rymaszewska J. Test Your Memory (TYM) as a screening instrument in clinical practice - the Polish validation study. Aging Ment Health 2014; 17:863-8. [PMID: 23557247 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2013.784957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Test Your Memory (TYM) test is a short, self-administered screening cognitive instrument designed for the detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The study was aimed to examine the Polish version of TYM as a screening instrument in Polish clinical practice. METHOD In this study 199 patients were assessed whereas 131 patients with AD and mild cognitive impairments (MCI) and 94 healthy control subjects took part in the final analysis. The sensitivity and specificity of the TYM test were evaluated among the AD group and healthy control group. The TYM test was compared to other neuropsychological tests, such as Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), DemTect and Verbal Fluency Test (FAS). RESULTS The average TYM score in healthy control group: 45.4, 40.9 in the MCI patients and 23.4 in AD patients. The Polish version of the TYM test showed good correlation with other neuropsychological instruments among AD patients. Participants aged ≥75 and those with primary education performed significantly worse in TYM. The TYM achieved the best differentiation between AD and the healthy control group for ≤39 cut-off with a sensitivity and specificity of 91% and 90%, respectively. CONCLUSION The Polish version of the TYM test is a useful instrument and may be seen as an alternative to the MMSE screening test in clinical practice in patients with dementia. However, the normative data suggested that the age and the level of education of the respondents should be considered as important factors affecting the interpretation of the final score.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Szczesniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
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