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Soltaninia O, Shojaee M. Mannitol Reduces Pain and Trismus After Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 82:572-580. [PMID: 38387857 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2024.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The removal of the lower third molar is a routine procedure in oral surgery, yet it often leads to postoperative side effects, particularly inflammation. Despite various interventions explored in prior studies, there is still a need for effective strategies, such as anti-inflammatory substances, to address postoperative side effects. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to answer the following clinical question: Does the local injection of 0.9 M mannitol reduce postoperative pain, trismus, and swelling in patients undergoing bilateral symmetrically impacted mandibular third molar extraction? STUDY DESIGN, SETTING, SAMPLE This prospective, single-blind, split-mouth study at Hamadan Dental School involved 30 patients with bilateral symmetrically impacted mandibular third molars. Inclusion criteria were: no current medication, no anesthesia allergies, bilateral symmetrically impacted mandibular third molars, non-smokers, and the absence of systemic diseases. Exclusion criteria were: poor oral hygiene, alcohol/cigarette use, drug consumption, diabetes, systemic/gastrointestinal disorders, infection at the surgical site, lack of patient cooperation, and mannitol/anesthetic allergy. PREDICTOR/EXPOSURE/INDEPENDENT VARIABLE The predictor variable was therapeutic injection, and it was grouped into two categories, 0.9 M mannitol solution or distilled water. MAIN OUTCOME VARIABLE The primary outcome variable was pain. Secondary outcomes are trismus, swelling, patient satisfaction, and analgesic consumption. COVARIATES Covariates included demographic information and operative details. ANALYSES Statistical analyses included repeated measures and paired t-tests with a significance level set at P < .05. RESULTS The study comprised 30 participants (mean age: 22.6 ± 3.59 years; 6 men, 24 women). In the test group, pain intensity significantly decreased from 5.30 on surgery day to 0.00, with subsequent values of 2.97, 1.30, 0.40, 0.17, and 0.03. The control group also decreased from 7.68 to 0.00, with values of 4.73, 2.67, 0.97, 0.23, and 0.07. The difference was statistically significant (P < .001). No significant swelling differences at T1, T3, T5, and T7 (P > .05). The intervention group had improved maximum mouth opening at T1, T3, T5, and T7 (P = .011) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Mannitol infiltration significantly reduces postoperative pain and trismus in impacted third molar surgery. This finding underscores the potential for improved patient comfort and recovery in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Soltaninia
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shojaee
- Doctor of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dentistry School, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Fahim MFM, Zarnigar P. Effect of prepared herbal mouthwash in maintaining the oral health of school children: A single-blind randomised control trial. Explore (NY) 2023:S1550-8307(23)00274-4. [PMID: 38594113 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Oral health is a vital indicator of overall well-being, quality of life, and general health, with historical roots in Unani medicine (i.e. preventive measures, oral hygiene, and treatment). This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of prepared herbal mouthwash in maintaining oral health among school children. EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE 110 schoolchildren were randomly assigned to the test group (treated with herbal mouthwash -Anacyclus pyrenthrum DC, Punica granutum (pericarp), Capparis spinosa (root bark), and Quercus infectoria Oliv (galls)) and the control group (treated with 0.2 % Chlorhexidine Mouthwash) for 30-days. The response was assessed by DMFT, Salivary pH, Oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S), Plaque index (Loe & Silness) (PI), Plaque index simplified (O'Leary et al., 1972) (PI-S), Gingival Index (Löe-Silness) (GI), and Bleeding on probing (BOP) on baseline and 30th day GI and PI were further assessed on 60th, 90th and 120th days to determine the sustainable effect of the intervention. RESULTS After treatment, Mean OHI-S, PI, PI-S, GI and BOP significantly reduced on the 30th day from baseline (p ≤ 0.001) in both groups. After discontinuing intervention, both groups showed significantly lower PI and GI scores on the 120th day from baseline. (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This study revealed that prepared mouthwash is safe and significantly effective in maintaining oral health, and it could be used as an adjunct to mechanical oral hygiene measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F M Fahim
- Department of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tibb (Preventive and Social Medicine), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Kottigepalaya, Magadi Main Road, Bengaluru, 560091, India.
| | - Prof Zarnigar
- Department of Tahaffuzi wa Samaji Tibb (Preventive and Social Medicine), National Institute of Unani Medicine, Kottigepalaya, Magadi Main Road, Bengaluru, 560091, India
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Zhao H, Duan S, Shi Y, Zhang M, Zhang L, Jin Z, Fu W, Xiao W, Bai T, Zhang X, Wang Y. Naru-3 inhibits inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, and neovascularization in collagen-induced arthritis in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 311:116350. [PMID: 37019159 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Naru-3 is a prescribed formulation based on the theory of Mongolian medicine for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Naru-3 consists of three medicinal agents: Aconitum kusnezoffii Reichb (caowu), Terminalia chebula Retz (hezi), and Piper longum L (biba). These medicinal agents are widely distributed in the Mongolian area of China and have been used to treat rheumatism for centuries. BACKGROUND Mongolian medicine Naru-3 is commonly prescribed to treat RA, but its mechanism of action is unknown. METHODS A rat collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was established to investigate the mechanism of Naru-3. Rats were treated with Naru-3, Etanercept (ETN), and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) for four weeks. After treatment was terminated, paw thickness, ankle diameter, and arthritis index (AI) were scored. Synovial hyperplasia was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and two-dimensional ultrasonography. Synovitis and neovascularization were assayed using power Doppler imaging (PDI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS). Levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), interleukin (IL)-1, and CD31 in the serum or synovium were detected using ELISA and immunohistochemistry analyses. RESULTS Naru-3 and ETN alleviated the symptoms of CIA as evidenced by diminished paw thickness, ankle diameter, and AI scores. Mechanistically, Naru-3 inhibited synovial hyperplasia, synovitis, and neovascularization by diminishing systemic and local inflammation, as indicated by the relative expression of CD31, VEGF and IL-1 in the serumor synovium. After four weeks of treatment, no significant neovascularization was observed in the Naru-3 group, but neovascularization and synovitis occurred in the ETN group, as demonstrated by H&E staining, PDI, and CEUS examination. CONCLUSION Naru-3 inhibited inflammation, synovial hyperplasia, and neovascularization and alleviates RA in our CIA rat model. No symptom recurrence was observed four weeks after drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Zhao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Shasha Duan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Yilu Shi
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Minjie Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Zhiyuan Jin
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Wenyan Fu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Wuping Xiao
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Tianhao Bai
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Xiaoshan Zhang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
| | - Yaxi Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China.
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Zhang L, Liao W, Huang Y, Wen Y, Chu Y, Zhao C. Global seaweed farming and processing in the past 20 years. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSeaweed has emerged as one of the most promising resources due to its remarkable adaptability, short development period, and resource sustainability. It is an effective breakthrough to alleviate future resource crises. Algal resources have reached a high stage of growth in the past years due to the increased output and demand for seaweed worldwide. Several aspects global seaweed farming production and processing over the last 20 years are reviewed, such as the latest situation and approaches of seaweed farming. Research progress and production trend of various seaweed application are discussed. Besides, the challenges faced by seaweed farming and processing are also analyzed, and the related countermeasures are proposed, which can provide advice for seaweed farming and processing. The primary products, extraction and application, or waste utilization of seaweed would bring greater benefits with the continuous development and improvement of applications in various fields.
Graphical Abstract
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Ding H, Wang Y, Li Z, Li Q, Liu H, Zhao J, Lu W, Wang J. Baogong decoction treats endometritis in mice by regulating uterine microbiota structure and metabolites. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2786-2799. [PMID: 35932174 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometritis is persistent inflammation caused by bacteria, which can lead to infertility. Although traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used to treat endometritis, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Here, Baogong Decoction (BGD), a TCM compound, was used to treat mouse endometritis induced by Escherichia coli (E. coli), and then 16S rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics were used to investigate the change of uterine microbiota and metabolomes in serum and uterine after BGD treatment. Finally, the therapeutic effect of potential metabolites for treating mouse endometritis screened by combined omics analyses was verified using pathological model. The results showed that BGD treatment could effectively treat endometritis associated with the increasing relative abundance of Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus and Lactococcus, and the decreasing relative abundance of Cupriavidus and Proteobacteria. 133 and 130 metabolites were found to be potential biomarkers in serum and uterine tissue respectively. In serum and tissues, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and catechol were significantly increased in the BGD treatment versus the inflammation group. Results of combined omics analyses demonstrated that DHEA was positively correlated with changes in microbiota. Results of pathological model demonstrated that DHEA could cure endometritis effectively associated with the decreasing infiltration of inflammatory cells and expression of inflammatory factors in the uterus. In summary, our results demonstrated that BGD could cure endometritis in mice by modulating the structure of the uterine microbiota and its metabolites, in which DHEA may be one of the main components of the therapeutic effect of BGD.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Ding
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Youyuan Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qianqing Li
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenfa Lu
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Wangchuk P, Anderson D, Yeshi K, Loukas A. Identification of Small Molecules of the Infective Stage of Human Hookworm Using LCMS-Based Metabolomics and Lipidomics Protocols. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:3264-3276. [PMID: 34767348 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hookworm infections affect millions of people worldwide and are responsible for impaired mental and physical growth in children, and anemias. There is no vaccine, and increasing anthelmintic drug resistance in nematodes of domestic animals, and reduced drug cure rates in nematode infections of humans is alarming. Despite this looming health problem, there is a significant knowledge gap in terms of nonproteinaceous "excretory/secretory products" (ESPs) and how they orchestrate a parasitic existence. In the current study, we have conducted the first metabolomic and lipidomic analysis of the infective third-stage filariform larvae (L3) of the predominant human hookworm Necator americanus using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Altogether, we have identified a total of 645 small molecules that were mainly produced through amino acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Putatively, 495 metabolites were unique to the somatic tissue extract, and 34 metabolites were present only in the ESP component. More than 21 novel mass features with nitrogen and sulfur functional groups were detected in the ESP component for the first time from helminths. While this study could not establish the biological functions of the metabolites identified, literature searches revealed that these metabolites possess various biological properties, including anti-inflammatory activities. These metabolites are likely used by the parasite upon exposure to a host to facilitate skin penetration, passage through different tissues, and immune regulation in the small bowel. Overall, the results presented herein offer significant insight into the metabolome of N. americanus L3 and have the potential to instigate future work to establish biomarkers of infection. This area urgently needs attention, given the lack of sensitive point-of-care diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Road, Smithfield, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Dovile Anderson
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Karma Yeshi
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Road, Smithfield, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Road, Smithfield, Cairns, Queensland 4878, Australia
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Yeshi K, Creek DJ, Anderson D, Ritmejerytė E, Becker L, Loukas A, Wangchuk P. Metabolomes and Lipidomes of the Infective Stages of the Gastrointestinal nematodes, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Trichuris muris. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10110446. [PMID: 33171998 PMCID: PMC7694664 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10110446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil-transmitted helminths, including hookworms and whipworms, infect billions of people worldwide. Their capacity to penetrate and migrate through their hosts’ tissues is influenced by the suite of molecules produced by the infective developmental stages. To facilitate a better understanding of the immunobiology and pathogenicity of human hookworms and whipworms, we investigated the metabolomes of the infective stage of Nippostrongylus brasiliensis third-stage larvae (L3) which penetrate the skin and Trichuris muris eggs which are orally ingested, using untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). We identified 55 polar metabolites through Metabolomics Standard Initiative level-1 (MSI-I) identification from N. brasiliensis and T. muris infective stages, out of which seven were unique to excretory/secretory products (ESPs) of N. brasiliensis L3. Amino acids were a principal constituent (33 amino acids). Additionally, we identified 350 putative lipids, out of which 28 (all known lipids) were unique to N. brasiliensis L3 somatic extract and four to T. muris embryonated egg somatic extract. Glycerophospholipids and glycerolipids were the major lipid groups. The catalogue of metabolites identified in this study shed light on the biology, and possible therapeutic and diagnostic targets for the treatment of these critical infectious pathogens. Moreover, with the growing body of literature on the therapeutic utility of helminth ESPs for treating inflammatory diseases, a role for metabolites is likely but has received little attention thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karma Yeshi
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (E.R.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.Y.); (P.W.)
| | - Darren J. Creek
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (D.J.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Dovile Anderson
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (D.J.C.); (D.A.)
| | - Edita Ritmejerytė
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (E.R.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Luke Becker
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (E.R.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (E.R.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Building E4, McGregor Rd, Smithfield, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia; (E.R.); (L.B.); (A.L.)
- Correspondence: (K.Y.); (P.W.)
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Wangchuk P, Lavers O, Wishart DS, Loukas A. Excretory/Secretory Metabolome of the Zoonotic Roundworm Parasite Toxocara canis. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10081157. [PMID: 32781793 PMCID: PMC7464424 DOI: 10.3390/biom10081157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease affecting humans that is predominantly caused by Toxocara canis and T. cati, primarily parasites of dogs and cats, respectively. Toxocara generally establishes long-term infections by co-opting its host's physiological processes, while at the same time exploiting the nutritional environment. Adult stage T. canis reside in the gut of the definitive canine host where they employ a suite of strategies to combat intestinal immune responses by actively producing and releasing excretory-secretory products (ESPs). The protein component of T. canis ESPs has been widely studied, but characterisation of the non-protein ESP complement remains neglected. To characterize the secreted metabolome of Toxocara ESPs and to shed light on the parasite's metabolic processes, we profiled the ESPs of T. canis using both gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) mass spectrometry approaches. We successfully identified 61 small molecules, including 41 polar metabolites, 14 medium-long chain fatty acids (MLCFAs) and six short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). We identified talose, stearic acid and isovalerate as the major compounds belonging to the polar, MLCFA and SCFA chemical classes, respectively. Most of the 61 identified metabolites appear to have been produced by T. canis via three distinct metabolic pathways - fatty acid, amino acid and carbohydrate metabolism. The majority of the identified ESPs have known biological properties, especially as immunomodulators. However, there is limited/no information on the biological roles or applications of 31 ESP biomolecules, suggesting that these may have novel activities that merit further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phurpa Wangchuk
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Owen Lavers
- Earville Vets, 474 Mulgrave Road, Cairns, QLD 4870, Australia;
| | - David S. Wishart
- Department of Biological Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada;
| | - Alex Loukas
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD 4878, Australia;
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Hookworm-Derived Metabolites Suppress Pathology in a Mouse Model of Colitis and Inhibit Secretion of Key Inflammatory Cytokines in Primary Human Leukocytes. Infect Immun 2019; 87:IAI.00851-18. [PMID: 30670556 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00851-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Iatrogenic hookworm therapy shows promise for treating disorders that result from a dysregulated immune system, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Using a murine model of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced colitis and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, we demonstrated that low-molecular-weight metabolites derived from both somatic extracts (LMWM-SE) and excretory-secretory products (LMWM-ESP) of the hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum, display anti-inflammatory properties. Administration to mice of LMWM-ESP as well as sequentially extracted fractions of LMWM-SE using both methanol (SE-MeOH) and hexane-dichloromethane-acetonitrile (SE-HDA) resulted in significant protection against T cell-mediated immunopathology, clinical signs of colitis, and impaired histological colon architecture. To assess bioactivity in human cells, we stimulated primary human leukocytes with lipopolysaccharide in the presence of hookworm extracts and showed that SE-HDA suppressed ex vivo production of inflammatory cytokines. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatography-MS analyses revealed the presence of 46 polar metabolites, 22 fatty acids, and five short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the LMWM-SE fraction and 29 polar metabolites, 13 fatty acids, and six SCFAs in the LMWM-ESP fraction. Several of these small metabolites, notably the SCFAs, have been previously reported to have anti-inflammatory properties in various disease settings, including IBD. This is the first report showing that hookworms secrete small molecules with both ex vivo and in vivo anti-inflammatory bioactivity, and this warrants further exploration as a novel approach to the development of anti-inflammatory drugs inspired by coevolution of gut-dwelling hookworms with their vertebrate hosts.
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André P, Villain F. Free radical scavenging properties of mannitol and its role as a constituent of hyaluronic acid fillers: a literature review. Int J Cosmet Sci 2017; 39:355-360. [PMID: 28027572 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Mannitol has both hydrating and antioxidant properties that make it an ideal excipient for use with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers. This review examines the role of reactive oxygen species in the ageing process and their effects on both endogenous HA and HA products developed for aesthetic use. Evidence is presented to show that the free radical scavenging properties of mannitol provide it with a two-fold mechanism of action when combined with HA fillers: reducing the inflammation and swelling associated with the injection procedure itself, and preventing the degradation of the injected HA by free radicals. Mannitol also has a long- and well-established safety profile in both the food and pharmaceutical industry. Having established the rationale for using mannitol in combination with an HA filler, the products using this strategy are then reviewed. The addition of mannitol to HA fillers is a viable and safe option for improving both short- and long-term HA aesthetic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- P André
- Paris-Université Laser Skin Clinic, 157, rue de l'Université, 75007, Paris, France
| | - F Villain
- Merz Pharmaceuticals GmbH, 100 Eckenheimer Landstrasse, 60318, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Bossert M, Boublil D, Parisaux JM, Bozgan AM, Richelme E, Conrozier T. Imaging Guidance Improves the Results of Viscosupplementation with HANOX-M-XL in Patients with Ankle Osteoarthritis: Results of a Clinical Survey in 50 Patients Treated in Daily Practice. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 2016; 9:195-199. [PMID: 27891055 PMCID: PMC5120624 DOI: 10.4137/cmamd.s40401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this survey was to assess retrospectively the interest of performing viscosupplementation using imaging guidance in patients suffering from ankle osteoarthritis (OA). PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a multicenter retrospective survey using a standardized questionnaire. Fifty patients suffering from ankle OA and treated, in daily clinical practice, with a single intra-articular injection of a novel viscosupplement made of a combination of a non-animal cross-linked hyaluronan and mannitol, HANOX M-XL, were included in the survey. The injection procedure (imaging or landmark guidance), demographic data, patient’s self-evaluation of pain, satisfaction, treatment efficacy, and tolerability were collected. Predictive factors of both efficacy and patient’s satisfaction were investigated. RESULTS The percentages of patients very satisfied/satisfied and not really satisfied/dissatisfied with the treatment were 68% and 32%, respectively. Efficacy was rated as very good, good, moderate, and poor by 38%, 30%, 12%, and 20% of the cases, respectively. Efficacy was unrelated to gender and age and was highly correlated with pain score (P < 0.0001). In satisfied patients, the decrease in consumption of analgesics/non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was >75% in 64% of the cases. Efficacy was significantly different with regard to imaging guidance. There was a statistically significant difference in efficacy and satisfaction between landmark-guided and imaging-guided injections (P = 0.02). The success rate was 2.3 times higher in the imaging-guided group than in the landmark-guided group. No significant difference was found between patients injected under fluoroscopy or ultrasound guidance, despite a trend favoring ultrasound (P = 0.09). Tolerability was rated as very good/good in 47 patients, moderate in two, and poor in one and was unrelated to the type of guidance. CONCLUSION This preliminary study suggests that the use of imaging guidance significantly optimizes the success rate of ankle viscosupplementation. No safety concern was observed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bossert
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
| | - Daniel Boublil
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Clinique du Parc, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Parisaux
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institut Monégasque de Médecine du Sport, Principauté de Monaco, Monaco
| | - Ana-Maria Bozgan
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
| | - Emmanuel Richelme
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institut de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Sportive, Marseille, France
| | - Thierry Conrozier
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
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Conrozier T, Bozgan AM, Bossert M, Sondag M, Lohse-Walliser A, Balblanc JC. Standardized Follow-up of Patients with Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis Treated with a Single Intra-articular Injection of a Combination of Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid and Mannitol. CLINICAL MEDICINE INSIGHTS-ARTHRITIS AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS 2016; 9:175-9. [PMID: 27688712 PMCID: PMC5036533 DOI: 10.4137/cmamd.s39432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to obtain pilot data from daily practice conditions of a viscosupplement made of a cross-linked high-molecular-weight hyaluronic acid (HA) combined with mannitol in patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). METHODS The data of 40 consecutive patients, 29 women and 11 men, who were prospectively followed up for 6 months, using a standardized procedure, were retrospectively analyzed. All patients have received a single intra-articular injection of HAnox-M-XL (4.4 mL), viscosupplement made of a cross-linked HA (16 mg/mL) + mannitol (35 mg/mL), in the target knee. The primary outcome was safety. The secondary end points included 3- and 6-month change in the WOMAC pain (0–50) and WOMAC total (0–240) and patient’s global assessment (PGA). Patient’s self-assessment of treatment efficacy (0–3) and analgesic consumption were obtained at months 3 and 6. An intent-to-treat analysis was performed. RESULTS Mean (SD) age was 60.7 (13.9) years, and mean BMI was 28.6 (5.0). Kellgren–Lawrence radiological grade was I/II and III/IV in 13 and 27 of the subjects, respectively. The average WOMAC pain and WOMAC total scores at baseline were 21.5 (9.8) and 89.9 (42.8), respectively. Thirty-nine patients completed the follow-up. HAnox-M-XL was well tolerated; two patients experienced knee pain after injection, which resolved within three days. No treatment-related severe adverse event was reported. Mean (SD) variations in WOMAC pain and WOMAC total scores were −8.2 (8.9) and −38.4 (35.6), respectively, at month 6 (P = 0.001). PGA decreased from 5.5 (2.0) to 3.0 (2.2) (P = 0.006). Efficacy was rated as good or very good in 76.9% of the cases. Most of the regular analgesics users decreased their consumption. CONCLUSION Treatment with one injection of 4.4 mL HAnox-M-XL is effective to alleviate KOA symptoms over six months, without safety concern. Controlled trials are needed to confirm these pilot data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Conrozier
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
| | - Ana-Maria Bozgan
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
| | - Marie Bossert
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
| | - Maxime Sondag
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpital Nord Franche-Comté, Belfort, France
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Bertrand H, Kyriazis M, Reeves KD, Lyftogt J, Rabago D. Topical Mannitol Reduces Capsaicin-Induced Pain: Results of a Pilot-Level, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial. PM R 2015; 7:1111-1117. [PMID: 25978942 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Capsaicin specifically activates, and then gradually exhausts, the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) receptor, a key receptor in neuropathic pain. Activation of the TRPV-1 receptor is accompanied by burning pain. A natural substance or medication that can reduce the burning pain resulting from capsaicin application may have therapeutic potential in neuropathic pain. OBJECTIVE To assess the pain-relieving effects of a mannitol-containing cream in a capsaicin-based pain model. DESIGN Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. SETTING Outpatient pain clinic. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-five adults with pain-free lips. METHODS Capsaicin .075% cream was applied to both halves of each participant's upper lip, inducing pain via stimulation of the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1, capsaicin) receptor, then removed after 5 minutes or when participants reported a burning pain of 8/10, whichever came first. A cream containing mannitol and the same cream without mannitol (control) were then immediately applied, 1 on each side of the lip, in an allocation-masked manner. OUTCOME MEASURES Participants self-recorded a numeric rating scale (NRS, 0-10) pain score for each side of the lip per minute for 10 minutes. A t-test was performed to evaluate the pain score change from baseline between each side of the lip at each recording. Area under the curve (AUC) analysis was used to determine the overall difference between groups. RESULTS Participants reached a capsaicin-induced pain level of 7.8 ± 1.0 points in 3.3 ± 1.6 minutes that was equal on both sides of the lip. Both groups reported progressive diminution of pain over the 10-minute study period. However, participants reported significantly reduced pain scores on the mannitol cream half-lip compared to control at 3 through 10 minutes (P < .05) and in AUC analysis (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Mannitol cream reduced self-reported pain scores in a capsaicin pain model more rapidly than a control cream, potentially via a TRPV1 receptor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marylene Kyriazis
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - K Dean Reeves
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS
| | - John Lyftogt
- Private Practice Sports Medicine, retired, Cass Bass, Lyttelton, New Zealand
| | - David Rabago
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
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Poláková K, Fauger A, Sayag M, Jourdan E. A dermocosmetic containing bakuchiol, Ginkgo biloba extract and mannitol improves the efficacy of adapalene in patients with acne vulgaris: result from a controlled randomized trial. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2015; 8:187-91. [PMID: 25914553 PMCID: PMC4401329 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s81691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit. AIM To confirm that BGM (bakuchiol, Ginkgo biloba extract, and mannitol) complex increases the established clinical efficacy of adapalene 0.1% gel in patients with acne. METHODS A clinical trial was conducted in acne patients. A total of 111 subjects received adapalene 0.1% gel and BGM complex or vehicle cream for 2 months. Assessments comprised Investigator Global Assessment (IGA), global efficacy, seborrhea intensity, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, and subject perception, as well as overall safety and local tolerance and quality of life. RESULTS At the end of the trial, inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, IGA, global efficacy, and seborrhea intensity had significantly improved in both treatment groups. Differences were statistically significant (P<0.05) in favor of BGM complex for inflammatory lesions as well as IGA and seborrhea intensity. Global efficacy assessments and subject perception confirmed the superiority of BGM complex-including treatment over the comparative combination. Quality of life had improved more with the active combination than with the vehicle combination. In the active group, four subjects had to interrupt temporarily BGM complex and 12 adapalene compared to seven subjects interrupting the vehicle and eleven adapalene in the vehicle group. One subject withdrew from the trial due to an allergy to adapalene. The majority of all events were mild. CONCLUSION BGM complex improves the treatment outcome of adapalene 0.1% gel in patients with acne vulgaris. Overall, safety and local tolerance of BGM complex were good.
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Allergic Rhinitis in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial Targeted at Symptoms. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014; 66:386-93. [PMID: 26396949 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-014-0708-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) underlies many symptoms and complications which severely affect children's quality of life. This two-arm study aimed at evaluate the efficacy and safety of the medical device Narivent(®) versus topical corticosteroids in the symptomatic management of allergic rhinitis in paediatric patients. A randomized study was conducted. Forty subjects with a diagnosis of allergic rhinitis were randomized to receive one puff of Narivent(®) into each nostril twice daily for 30 days (n = 20) or to receive one puff of topical intranasal corticosteroid into each nostril twice daily for 30 days (n = 20). In both treatment arms, severity of major symptoms related to AR, including nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea, sneezing and nasal itching, was assessed subjectively on a 0-100 mm visual analogue scale. Nasal congestion, rhinorrhoea and sneezing improved significantly after 30 days of treatment with Narivent(®). Similarly, in topical steroids group severity of all subjective symptoms decreased significantly. Narivent(®) appears to be efficacious in treating nasal congestion and other major symptoms in children with AR over a 30-day period, showing comparable results to intranasal corticosteroids therapy but with a better safety profile.
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Damiani V, Camaioni A, Viti C, Scirè AS, Morpurgo G, Gregori D. A single-centre, before-after study of the short- and long-term efficacy of Narivent(®) in the treatment of nasal congestion. J Int Med Res 2013. [PMID: 23206477 DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nasal congestion is a common symptom in allergic and nonallergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. The present study evaluated the clinical effectiveness of Narivent(®), an osmotically-acting medical device with anti oedematous and anti-inflammatory effects, in nasal congestion. METHODS A single-centre, prospective study with a pre- post design and consecutive patient enrolment was conducted in an Italian otolaryngology department. Patients with persistent nasal congestion were allocated to treatment groups as follows: group 1 (n = 36) treated for 7 days; group 2 (n = 56) treated for 30 days. In each group, patients received two puffs of Narivent(®) into each nostril twice daily. Symptom severity was assessed subjectively on a 0-10 visual analogue scale, and objectively by the presence/absence of signs and symptoms. Differences in subjective and objective severity measures before and after treatment were compared using Wilcoxon's signed rank test. RESULTS All symptoms and objective scores improved after treatment with Narivent(®) for 7 or 30 days and no adverse effects were reported by the patients in either group. CONCLUSION Narivent(®) appears to be efficacious in treating nasal congestion over a 7- or a 30-day period.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Damiani
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
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