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Duralliu A, Matejtschuk P, Stickings P, Hassall L, Tierney R, Williams DR. The Influence of Moisture Content and Temperature on the Long-Term Storage Stability of Freeze-Dried High Concentration Immunoglobulin G (IgG). Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040303. [PMID: 32230795 PMCID: PMC7238084 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
High protein concentration products for targeted therapeutic use are often freeze-dried to enhance stability. The long-term storage stability of freeze-dried (FD) plasma-derived Immunoglobulin G (IgG) from moderate to high concentrations (10-200 mg/mL) was assessed. Monomer content, binding activity and reconstitution times were evaluated over a 12-month period under accelerated and real-term storage conditions. In the first case study it was shown that FD IgG from 10 to 200 mg/mL had minimal monomer/activity losses at up to ambient temperature after 12 months of storage. However, at 45 °C the sucrose-to-protein ratio played a significant impact on IgG stability above 50 mg/mL. All IgG concentrations witnessed moisture ingress over a 12-month period. The impact of moisture ingress from environmental exposure (between 0.1% and 5% w/w moisture) for IgG 50 mg/mL was assessed, being generated by exposing low moisture batches to an atmospheric environment for fixed time periods. Results showed that at -20 °C and 20 °C there was no significant difference in terms of monomer or antigen-binding activity losses over 6 months. However, at 45 °C, there were losses in monomer content, seemingly worse for higher moisture content samples although model binding activity indicated no losses. Finally, the difference between a low moisture product (0.1-1% w/w) and a moderately high moisture (3% w/w) product generated by alternative freeze-drying cycles, both stoppered under low oxygen headspace conditions, was evaluated. Results showed that at -20 °C and 20 °C there was no difference in terms of binding activity or monomer content. However, at 45 °C, the low moisture samples had greater monomer and binding activity losses than samples from the highest moisture cycle batch, indicating that over-drying can be an issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Duralliu
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Paul Matejtschuk
- Standardisation Science, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK;
| | - Paul Stickings
- Bacteriology Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK; (P.S.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Laura Hassall
- Bacteriology Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK; (P.S.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Robert Tierney
- Bacteriology Division, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Potters Bar, Hertfordshire, EN6 3QG, UK; (P.S.); (L.H.); (R.T.)
| | - Daryl R. Williams
- Surfaces and Particle Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-207-594-5611
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