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Atoki AV, Aja PM, Shinkafi TS, Ondari EN, Awuchi CG. Naringenin: its chemistry and roles in neuroprotection. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:637-666. [PMID: 37585716 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2243089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
According to epidemiological research, as the population ages, neurological illnesses are becoming a bigger issue. Despite improvements in the treatment of these diseases, there are still widespread worries about how to find a long-lasting remedy. Several neurological diseases can be successfully treated with natural substances. As a result, current research has been concentrated on finding effective neuroprotective drugs with improved efficacy and fewer side effects. Naringenin is one potential treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Many citrus fruits, tomatoes, bergamots, and other fruits are rich in naringenin, a flavonoid. This phytochemical is linked to a variety of biological functions. Naringenin has attracted a lot of interest for its ability to exhibit neuroprotection through several mechanisms. In the current article, we present evidence from the literature that naringenin reduces neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in brain tissues. Also, the literatures that are currently accessible shows that naringenin reduces neuroinflammation and other neurological anomalies. Additionally, we found several studies that touted naringenin as a promising anti-amyloidogenic, antidepressant, and neurotrophic treatment option. This review's major goal is to reflect on advancements in knowledge of the molecular processes that underlie naringenin's possible neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, this article also provides highlights of Naringenin with respect to its chemistry and pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Maduabuchi Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | | | - Erick Nyakundi Ondari
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Kisii University, Kisii, Kenya
| | - Chinaza Godswill Awuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda
- School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda
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2
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Jing L, Da Q, Zhang S, Zhang J, Ma H, Luo H. Nitronyl Nitroxide Ameliorates Hypobaric Hypoxia-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice by Suppressing the Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response and Apoptosis. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:785-799. [PMID: 38103103 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-04080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Abundant investigations have shown that hypobaric hypoxia (HH) causes cognitive impairment, mostly attributed to oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. HPN (4'-hydroxyl-2-subsitiuted phenylnitronyl nitroxide) is an excellent free radical scavenger with anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities. Our previous study has found that HPN exhibited neuroprotective effect on HH induced brain injury. In the present study, we examined the protective effect and potential mechanism of HPN on HH-induced cognitive impairment. Male mice were exposed to HH at 8000 m for 3 days with and without HPN treatment. Cognitive performance was assessed by the eight-arm radical maze. The histological changes were assayed by Nissle staining. The hippocampus cell apoptosis was detected by Tunnel staining. The levels of inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were detected. The expression of oxidative stress, inflammation-related and apoptosis-related proteins was determined by western blot. HPN administration significantly and mitigated HH induced histological damages and spatial memory loss with the evidence of decreased working memory error (WME), reference memory error (RME), total errors (TE) and total time (TT). In addition, HPN treatment significantly decreased the content of H2O2 and MDA, increased the levels of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and GSH, and inhibited the synthesis of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Moreover, HPN administration could down-regulate the expression of NF-κB, TNF-α, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 and up-regulate the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and Bcl-2. The number of apoptotic cells was also significantly decreased in the hippocampus of mice in the HPN group. There results indicate that HPN improve HH-induced cognitive impairment by alleviating oxidative stress damage, suppressing inflammatory response and apoptosis and may be a powerful candidate compound for alleviating memory loss induced by HH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qingyue Da
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, NO.277 Yanta West Road, Yanta District, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiping Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, The 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support force of PLA, Lanzhou, 730050, Gansu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Luo
- Department of Neurology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, NO.1439 Zhufeng Road, Doumen District, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Gross J, Herrera-Marschitz M. Potential Key Proteins, Molecular Networks, and Pathways in Perinatal Hypoxia. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:571-588. [PMID: 37651081 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-023-00663-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Perinatal hypoxia is a common risk factor for CNS development. Using bioinformatics databases, a list of 129 genes involved in perinatal hypoxia was selected from the literature and analyzed with respect to proteins important for biological processes influencing the brain development. Functional enrichment analysis using the DAVID database was performed to identify relevant Gene Ontology (GO) biological processes like response to hypoxia, inflammatory response, positive and negative regulation of apoptosis, and positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation. The selected GO processes contain 17-30 proteins and show an enrichment of 6.3-14.3-fold. The STRING protein-protein interaction network and the Cytoscape data analyzer were used to identify interacting proteins playing a significant role in these processes. The two top protein pairs referring to the proteins with highest degrees and the corresponding proteins connected by high score edges exert opposite or regulatory functions and are essential for the balance between damaging, repairing, protective, or epigenetic processes. The GO response to hypoxia is characterized by the high score protein-protein interaction pairs CASP3/FAS promoting apoptosis and by the protective acting BDNF/MECP2 protein pair. Core components of the GO processes positive and negative regulation of apoptosis are the proteins CASP3/FAS/AKT/eNOS/RPS6KB1 involved in several signal pathways. The GO processes cell proliferation are characterized by the high-score protein-protein interaction pairs MYC/ MAPK1, JUN/MAPK1, IL6/IL1B, and JUN/HDAC1. The study provides new insights into the pathophysiology of perinatal hypoxia and is of importance for future investigations, diagnostics, and therapy of perinatal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Gross
- Tinnitus Center, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Leibniz Society of Sciences Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mario Herrera-Marschitz
- Programme of Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, Medical Faculty, University of Chile, Santiago 7, Chile
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Han W, Song Z, Shan D, Shi Q. Fetal origins of obesity: a novel pathway of regulating appetite neurons in the hypothalamus of growth-restricted rat offspring. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2023:10.1007/s00404-023-07108-3. [PMID: 37378669 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-023-07108-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fetal growth restriction causes a series of sequelae, some of which, such as hyperphagia, reduced satiety and postnatal obesity, are believed to be associated with embryonic hypothalamic neurons impairment. The mechanisms underlying the linkage of fetal brain injuries to break the energy homeostasis have not been elucidated completely. Here, we aim to investigate the effect of intrauterine energy restriction on remodeling appetite neurons in the hypothalamus of fetal and postnatal infant rats. METHODS Low-protein (8%) diet combined with 75% energy restriction was used to establish an animal model. Rats offspring brain tissues, harvested from embryo day 18 and postnatal infant day 1, were sampled for dependent regulator analyses and master neuron assessment. RESULTS Growth-restricted rats showed the increased expression of Bsx and NPY in the hypothalamus as well as remodeling hypothalamic neurons differentiation compared to controls. Intriguingly, in cells cultured in vitro test, we found that activated effects of Bsx and NPY could be exacerbated by DNMT1 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS In embryonic and early postnatal stage of FGR rats, we detected high concentrations of orexigenic neurons in the hypothalamus. DNMT1 activity is correlated with early embryonic neurogenesis by mediating the expression of Bsx and NPY. It may be one of the reasons for the abnormal development of the appetite regulation pathway and higher susceptibility to obesity in FGR offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Han
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yao Jia Yuan Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Zhaoyi Song
- STI-Zhilian Research Institute for Innovation and Digital Health, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yao Jia Yuan Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100026, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The People's Hospital of Yongcheng, Dongcheng District, Yongcheng City, Henan Province, China
| | - Qingyun Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yao Jia Yuan Road, Chao Yang District, Beijing, 100026, China.
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Zhang S, Fu W, Jia X, Bade R, Liu X, Xie Y, Xie W, Jiang S, Shao G. Hypoxic Preconditioning Modulates BDNF and Its Signaling through DNA Methylation to Promote Learning and Memory in Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37289948 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) as an endogenous mechanism can resist hypoxia/ischemia injury and exhibit protective effects on neurological function including learning and memory. Although underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear, HPC probably regulates the expression of protective molecules by modulating DNA methylation. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) activates its signaling upon binding to the tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor, which is involved in neuronal growth, differentiation, and synaptic plasticity. Therefore, this study focused on the mechanism by which HPC regulates BDNF and BDNF/TrkB signaling through DNA methylation to influence learning and memory. Initially, the HPC model was established by hypoxia stimulations on ICR mice. We found that HPC downregulated the expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) 3A and DNMT3B. Then, the upregulation of BDNF expression in HPC mice was generated from a decrease in DNA methylation of the BDNF gene promoter detected by pyrophosphate sequencing. Subsequently, upregulation of BDNF activated BDNF/TrkB signaling and ultimately improved learning and spatial memory in HPC mice. Moreover, after mice were intracerebroventricularly injected with the DNMT inhibitor, the restraint of DNA methylation accompanied by an increase of BDNF and BDNF/TrkB signaling was also discovered. Finally, we observed that the inhibitor of BDNF/TrkB signaling prevented HPC from ameliorating learning and memory in mice. However, the DNMT inhibitor promoted spatial cognition in mice. Thus, we suggest that HPC may upregulate BDNF by inhibiting DNMTs and decreasing DNA methylation of the BDNF gene and then activate BDNF/TrkB signaling to improve learning and memory in mice. This may provide theoretical guidance for the clinical treatment of cognitive dysfunction caused by ischemia/hypoxia disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiji Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Weng Fu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Xiaoe Jia
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- School of Basic Medicine and Forensic Sciences, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Rengui Bade
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- School of Medical Technology and Anesthesia, Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Yabin Xie
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- School of Medical Technology and Anesthesia, Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- School of Medical Technology and Anesthesia, Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Shuyuan Jiang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Guo Shao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
- Center for Translational Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen 518112, China
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Cheng S, Wang W, Zhu Z, Zhao M, Li H, Liu D, Pan F. Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor methylation in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress in male mice. J Neurochem 2023; 164:624-642. [PMID: 36453259 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress alters brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) promoter IV methylation and BDNF expression, which is closely related to the pathophysiological process of depression. However, the role of abnormal methylation of BDNF induced by stress during adolescence due to depression has not yet been clarified. In this study, adolescent mice were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Depression-like behaviors, BDNF promoter IV methylation, expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), demethylation machinery enzymes, BDNF protein levels, and neuronal development in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) were assessed in adolescent and adult mice. The DNMT inhibitor, 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (5-AzaD), was used as an intervention. Stress in adolescence induces behavioral dysfunction, elevated methylation levels of BDNF promoter IV, changes in the expression of DNMT, and demethylation machinery enzymes in adolescent and adult mice. Additionally, the stress in adolescence induced lower levels of BDNF and abnormal hippocampal doublecortin (DCX) expression in adolescent and adult mice. However, DNMT inhibitor treatment in adolescent-stressed mice relieved the abnormal behaviors, normalized the methylation level of BDNF promoter IV, BDNF protein expression, expression of DNMTs, and demethylation machinery enzymes, and improved the neuronal development of adult mice. These results suggest that stress in adolescence induces short- and long-term hypermethylation of BDNF promoter IV, which is regulated by DNMTs, and leads to the development of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Cheng
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zemeng Zhu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hannao Li
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexiang Liu
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Pan
- Department of Medical Psychology and Ethics, School of Basic Medical Medicine Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, People's Republic of China
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7
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Liu N, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Gong K, Zhang C, Sun K, Shao G. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Erythropoietin Show Different Expression Patterns in the Early and Late Hypoxia Preconditioning Phases and May Correlate with DNA Methylation Status in the Mouse Hippocampus. High Alt Med Biol 2022; 23:361-368. [PMID: 36449395 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2021.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Liu, Na, Yanbo Zhang, Pu Zhang, Kerui Gong, Chunyang Zhang, Kai Sun, and Guo Shao. Vascular endothelial growth factor and erythropoietin show different expression patterns in the early and late hypoxia preconditioning phases and may correlate with DNA methylation status in the mouse hippocampus. High Alt Med Biol. 23:361-368, 2022. Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and erythropoietin (EPO) have been proven to participate in neuroprotection induced by hypoxia preconditioning (HPC), and they can be regulated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). It has been reported that DNA methylation can affect VEGF and EPO expression. This study aimed to explore the expression of VEGF and EPO in the early phase and late phase of HPC and whether their expression was affected by DNA methylation. Method: Acute repeated HPC mice were used as the animal model, and detection of molecular changes was performed immediately (early phase) and 1 day (late phase) after HPC treatment. The mRNA and protein expression levels of VEGF, EPO, and DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in the hippocampi were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The activity of DNMTs and global methylation levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. DNA methylation levels of VEGF and EPO promoters, which were catalyzed by DNMTs, were determined by bisulfite-modified DNA sequencing. Results: The expression of VEGF was increased in the early phase and late phase of HPC (p < 0.05), whereas the expression of EPO was unchanged in the early phase (p > 0.05) of HPC and was increased in the late phase (p < 0.05). VEGF and EPO expression were negatively correlated with the DNA methylation levels of their promoters. DNMT3A and DNMT3B were decreased in the early phase and late phase (p < 0.05), whereas DNMT1 was unchanged in the early phase and late phase (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our data demonstrated that DNMTs affect VEGF and EPO expression by regulating the DNA methylation levels of the promoters of VEGF and EPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, the Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, the Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, the Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kerui Gong
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chunyang Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, the Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China.,Joint Laboratory of South China Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University and Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guo Shao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, the Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen, China.,Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College of Neuroscience Institute, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypoxic Conditioning Translational Medicine, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China.,Joint Laboratory of South China Hospital Affiliated to Shenzhen University and Third People's Hospital of Longgang District, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Wan C, Zong RY, Chen XS. The new mechanism of cognitive decline induced by hypertension: High homocysteine-mediated aberrant DNA methylation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:928701. [PMID: 36352848 PMCID: PMC9637555 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.928701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and severity of hypertension-induced cognitive impairment increase with the prolonging of hypertension. The mechanisms of cognitive impairment induced by hypertension primarily include cerebral blood flow perfusion imbalance, white and gray matter injury with blood–brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation and amyloid-beta deposition, genetic polymorphisms and variants, and instability of blood pressure. High homocysteine (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for hypertension that also increases the risk of developing early cognitive impairment. Homocysteine (Hcy) levels increase in patients with cognitive impairment induced by hypertension. This review summarizes a new mechanism whereby HHcy-mediated aberrant DNA methylation and exacerbate hypertension. It involves changes in Hcy-dependent DNA methylation products, such as methionine adenosyltransferase, DNA methyltransferases, S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR). The mechanism also involves DNA methylation changes in the genes of hypertension patients, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor, apolipoprotein E4, and estrogen receptor alpha, which contribute to learning, memory, and attention deficits. Studies have shown that methionine (Met) induces hypertension in mice. Moreover, DNA hypermethylation leads to cognitive behavioral changes alongside oligodendroglial and/or myelin deficits in Met-induced mice. Taken together, these studies demonstrate that DNA methylation regulates cognitive dysfunction in patients with hypertension. A better understanding of the function and mechanism underlying the effect of Hcy-dependent DNA methylation on hypertension-induced cognitive impairment will be valuable for early diagnosis, interventions, and prevention of further cognitive defects induced by hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wan
- Department of Military Medical Geography, Army Medical Training Base, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui-Yi Zong
- Department of Military Medical Geography, Army Medical Training Base, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- NCO School, Army Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xing-Shu Chen
- Department of Military Medical Geography, Army Medical Training Base, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xing-Shu Chen,
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9
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Drongitis D, Verrillo L, De Marinis P, Orabona P, Caiola A, Turitto G, Alfieri A, Bruscella S, Gentile M, Moriello V, Sannino E, Di Muccio I, Costa V, Miano MG, de Bellis A. The Chromatin-Oxygen Sensor Gene KDM5C Associates with Novel Hypoxia-Related Signatures in Glioblastoma Multiforme. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810250. [PMID: 36142158 PMCID: PMC9498997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fatal brain tumor without effective drug treatment. In this study, we highlight, for the first time, the contribution of chromatin remodeling gene Lysine (K)-specific demethylase 5C (KDM5C) in GBM via an extensive analysis of clinical, expression, and functional data, integrated with publicly available omic datasets. The expression analysis on GBM samples (N = 37) revealed two informative subtypes, namely KDM5CHigh and KDM5CLow, displaying higher/lower KDM5C levels compared to the controls. The former subtype displays a strong downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)—a negative KDM5C target—and a robust overexpression of hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1A (HIF1A) gene, a KDM5C modulator. Additionally, a significant co-expression among the prognostic markers HIF1A, Survivin, and p75 was observed. These results, corroborated by KDM5C overexpression and hypoxia-related functional assays in T98G cells, suggest a role for the HIF1A-KDM5C axis in the hypoxic response in this tumor. Interestingly, fluorescence-guided surgery on GBM sections further revealed higher KDM5C and HIF1A levels in the tumor rim niche compared to the adjacent tumor margin, indicating a regionally restricted hyperactivity of this regulatory axis. Analyzing the TCGA expression and methylation data, we found methylation changes between the subtypes in the genes, accounting for the hypoxia response, stem cell differentiation, and inflammation. High NANOG and IL6 levels highlight a distinctive stem cell-like and proinflammatory signature in the KDM5CHigh subgroup and GBM niches. Taken together, our results indicate HIF1A-KDM5C as a new, relevant cancer axis in GBM, opening a new, interesting field of investigation based on KDM5C as a potential therapeutic target of the hypoxic microenvironment in GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Drongitis
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Maria Rosaria Maglione Foundation Onlus, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Lucia Verrillo
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Pasqualino De Marinis
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Pasquale Orabona
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Pathology, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Agnese Caiola
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Pathology, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Giacinto Turitto
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Oncology, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alfieri
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Sara Bruscella
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Marisa Gentile
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Vania Moriello
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ettore Sannino
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Ines Di Muccio
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Valerio Costa
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppina Miano
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Adriano Buzzati-Traverso, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (A.d.B.)
| | - Alberto de Bellis
- Maria Rosaria Maglione Foundation Onlus, 80122 Naples, Italy
- A.O.R.N. S. Anna and S. Sebastiano Hospital, Division of Neurosurgery, 81100 Caserta, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (A.d.B.)
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10
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Avolio E, Olivito I, Rosina E, Romano L, Angelone T, Bartolo Anna D, Scimeca M, Bellizzi D, D'Aquila P, Passarino G, Alò R, Maria Facciolo R, Bagni C, De Lorenzo A, Canonaco M. Modifications of behavior and inflammation in mice following transplant with fecal microbiota from children with autism. Neuroscience 2022; 498:174-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Kumar R, T A, Singothu S, Singh SB, Bhandari V. Uncoupling proteins as a therapeutic target for the development of new era drugs against neurodegenerative disorder. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 147:112656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Li Y, Cao J, Hao Z, Liu A, Li X, Li H, Xia N, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Bai J, Zhang H. Aspirin ameliorates the cognition impairment in mice following benzo[a]pyrene treatment via down-regulating BDNF IV methylation. Neurotoxicology 2021; 89:20-30. [PMID: 34979192 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is neurotoxic, however, the mechanisms remain unclear and there is no effective prevention. Available evidence suggests a role of DNA methylation in B[a]P-induced neurotoxicity. This study investigated the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) IV methylation in the development of and aspirin intervention against B[a]P's neurotoxicity in mice and HT22 cells. Mice were intraperitoneally treated with solvent or B[a]P (0.5, 2, and 10 mg/kg b.w.) for 60 days. An intervention group was treated simultaneously with B[a]P (10 mg/kg, i.p.) and aspirin (10 mg/kg, daily water-drinking). The treated mice showed a dose-dependent cognitive and behavioral impairment, and cerebral cell apoptosis, which were alleviated by aspirin co-treatment. Following B[a]P treatment, DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) and BDNF IV hypermethylation were increased in the cerebral cortex of mice compared to controls, while significant decreases were found in BDNF IV and BDNF mRNA, and BDNF protein levels. Aspirin co-treatment rescued DNMTs activation and BDNF IV hypermethylation, and mitigated the recession in BDNF mRNA and protein induced by B[a]P treatment. Similar results were shown in HT22 cells. These findings reveal a critical role of BDNF IV methylation in the neurotoxicity of B[a]P, and demonstrate a promising prevention of aspirin against B[a]P-induced cognitive impairment via inhibiting BDNF IV hypermethylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhongsuo Hao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Aixiang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center of Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan Iron and Steel Company, Taiyuan, 030003, Shanxi, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Na Xia
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Zemin Wang
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, 1025 E 7th St, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianying Bai
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Province, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China; Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, Shanxi, China.
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13
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Kumar R, Jain V, Kushwah N, Dheer A, Mishra KP, Prasad D, Singh SB. HDAC inhibition prevents hypobaric hypoxia-induced spatial memory impairment through PΙ3K/GSK3β/CREB pathway. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6754-6771. [PMID: 33788269 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypobaric hypoxia at higher altitudes usually impairs cognitive function. Previous studies suggested that epigenetic modifications are the culprits for this condition. Here, we set out to determine how hypobaric hypoxia mediates epigenetic modifications and how this condition worsens neurodegeneration and memory loss in rats. In the current study, different duration of hypobaric hypoxia exposure showed a discrete pattern of histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene expression in the hippocampus when compared with control rat brains. The level of acetylation sites in histone H2A, H3 and H4 was significantly decreased under hypobaric hypoxia exposure compared to the control rat's hippocampus. Additionally, inhibiting the HDAC family with sodium butyrate administration (1.2 g/kg body weight) attenuated neurodegeneration and memory loss in hypobaric hypoxia-exposed rats. Moreover, histone acetylation increased at the promoter regions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF); thereby its protein expression was enhanced significantly in hypobaric hypoxia exposed rats treated with HDAC inhibitor compared with hypoxic rats. Thus, BDNF expression upregulated cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation by stimulation of PI3K/GSK3β/CREB axis, which counteracts hypobaric hypoxia-induced spatial memory impairment. In conclusion, these results suggested that sodium butyrate is a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of spatial memory loss associated with hypobaric hypoxia, and also further studies are warranted to explore specific HDAC inhibitors in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Kumar
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Jain
- Neurophysiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Neetu Kushwah
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Aastha Dheer
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Dipti Prasad
- Neurobiology Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Science (DIPAS), DRDO, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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14
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Streck EL, Bussular FP, Wessler LB, Duarte MB, Rezende VL, Rodrigues MS, Torres CA, Lemos IS, Candiotto G, Gava FF, de Oliveira J, Valvassori SS. Administration of branched-chain amino acids alters epigenetic regulatory enzymes in an animal model of Maple Syrup Urine Disease. Metab Brain Dis 2021; 36:247-254. [PMID: 33098071 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Maple Syrup Urine Disease (MSUD) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that affects the activity of the branched-chainα-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (BCDK). This deficiency on BCDK complex results in the accumulation of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine, valine, and their corresponding α-keto acids. Epigenetic changes can negatively affect the metabolism of BCAA. These changes are catalyzed by the epigenetic regulatory enzymes, e.g., DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), histone deacetylases (HDAC), and histone acetyltransferases (HAT). However, the impacts of BCAA administration on the activity of epigenetic regulatory enzymes in the brain of MSUD patients are still unknown. In this study, we aimed to demonstrate the impact of BCAA administration on the activity of DNMT, HDAC, and HAT in the brain structures of infant rats, an animal model of MSUD. For that, we administered a BCAA pool to infant rats for 21 days. We demonstrated that BCAA administration significantly increased the DNMT and HDAC activities in the hippocampus and striatum, but not in the cerebral cortex of MSUD infant rats. A positive correlation was observed between HDAC and DNMT activities in the hippocampus and striatum of animals exposed to BCAA injections. Our results showed that the BCAA administration could modulate epigenetic regulatory enzymes, mainly DNMT and HDAC, in the brains of infant rats. Therefore, we suggest that the increase in the activity of DNMT and HDAC in the hippocampus and striatum could partially explain the neurological impairments presented in animal models of MSUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil.
| | - Felipe P Bussular
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Leticia B Wessler
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Mariane B Duarte
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Victoria L Rezende
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Matheus S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina A Torres
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Isabela S Lemos
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Candiotto
- Laboratório de Doenças Neurometabólicas, Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, SC, Criciúma, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Gava
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Jade de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 90035-000, Brazil
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratório de Psiquiatria Translacional, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
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15
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Andrographolide: Regulating the Master Regulator NF-κB. Indian J Clin Biochem 2021; 36:117-119. [PMID: 33505135 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-019-00866-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Natural product based medicines are being used in India since 12th century BC and their efficacies are well established in Indian traditional medicine system. However, the mechanism of action as per the modern medicinal system was not well reported. Plant-derived natural compounds are very useful for inflammatory disorders and other diseases such as cancer. Various medicines like artemisinin, vincristine, vinblastine, taxol, and so forth, are invaluable contributions of nature to modern medicine. The role of transcription factor NF-κB was well delineated in inflammatory processes. Binding of NF-κB to the promoter site of several inflammatory genes activate them to secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Plant derived natural compounds like andrographolide could be useful in inflammatory disorders as it directly inhibit the binding of NF-κB with DNA at promoter site. Transcription factor NF-κB is a master regulator of the proinflammatory gene expression program and since it was suppressed by andrographolide, hence andrographolide is rightly termed as regulator of master regulator.
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16
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Bondi D, Verratti V, Nori R, Piccardi L, Prete G, Pietrangelo T, Tommasi L. Spatial Abilities at High Altitude: Exploring the Role of Cultural Strategies and Hypoxia. High Alt Med Biol 2021; 22:157-165. [PMID: 33416426 DOI: 10.1089/ham.2020.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bondi, Danilo, Vittore Verratti, Raffaella Nori, Laura Piccardi, Giulia Prete, Tiziana Pietrangelo, and Luca Tommasi. Spatial abilities at high altitude: Exploring the role of cultural strategies and hypoxia. High Alt Med Biol. 22: 157-165, 2021. Background: Over the past couple of decades, the number of people of different cultures traveling to places of high altitude (HA) increased. At HA, a decline in cognitive abilities has been described, including spatial skills. However, it is still unknown whether people accustomed to hypobaric hypoxia are less susceptible to cognitive decline. Method: We aimed to determine if three ethnic groups would show any difference in the performance of spatial abilities. Italian trekkers (46.20 ± 15.83 years), Nepalese porters (30.33 ± 8.55 years), and lowlander and highlander Sherpas (30.33 ± 8.55 and 37.00 ± 16.51 years) were tested with a building photograph recognition, a map orienting, and a mental rotation task during a Himalayan expedition. Accuracy and response times were collected at low altitude (LA) and HA. Results: Nepalese performed the worst (photograph task: p = 0.015, η2p = 0.36; map task: p = 0.016, η2p = 0.36), but the difference was mitigated after correcting for length of schooling. Participants took more time to respond at LA than in HA condition (photograph task: 24.0 ± 15.3 seconds vs. 12.7 ± 6.3 seconds, p = 0.008, η2p = 0.57; map task: 12.5 ± 1.8 seconds vs. 7.8 ± 0.6 seconds, p = 0.038, η2p = 0.40). In the map task, participants performed with greater accuracy at LA (5.1 ± 0.4 vs. 4.4 ± 0.4 number of correct responses, p = 0.006, η2p = 0.59). Conclusions: Altitude hypoxia elicited impairments in cognitive spatial tasks. This may be due to the inability to acquire new unfamiliar patterns, and to the difficulty in managing a high cognitive workload. The ethnic differences were ascribed to schooling, even we consider the different system of reference usually exploited in each culture (egocentric: dependent, or allocentric: independent from the personal viewpoint), and that Westerners are more likely to focus on specific details of the scene. Further studies should investigate the diverse strategies to complete spatial tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo Bondi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vittore Verratti
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Raffaella Nori
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Piccardi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Cognitive and Motor Rehabilitation Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Prete
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Tiziana Pietrangelo
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences and Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luca Tommasi
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti - Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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17
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Agrawal A, Rathor R, Kumar R, Suryakumar G, Singh SN, Kumar B. Redox modification of ryanodine receptor contributes to impaired Ca 2+ homeostasis and exacerbates muscle atrophy under high altitude. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 160:643-656. [PMID: 32916280 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
At extreme altitude, prolonged and severe hypoxia menaces human function and survival, and also associated with profound loss of muscle mass which results into a debilitating critical illness of skeletal muscle atrophy. Hypobaric hypoxia altered redox homeostasis and impaired calcium ion handling in skeletal muscles. Dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis and activated calpain is the prime stressor in high altitude hypoxia while the reason for subsequent abnormal release of pathological Ca2+ into cytoplasm is largely unexplored. The present study identified the redox remodeling in the Ca2+ release channel, Ryanodine Receptor (RyR1) owing to its hypernitrosylation state in skeletal muscles in chronic hypobaric hypoxia exposed rats. RyR1-hypernitrosylation decreases the binding of FKBP12/calstabin-1 and other complexes from the channel, causing "leakiness" in RyR1 ion-channel. A strong RyR1 stabilizer, S107 enhanced binding affinity of FKBP12 with hypernitrosylated RyR1, reduced Sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak and improved muscle strength and function under chronic hypoxia. Administration of S107 inhibited the skeletal muscle damage, maintained ultrastructure of sarcomere and sarcolemmal integrity. Histological analysis proved the increase in cross-sectional area of myofibers. Further, the number of apoptotic cells was also reduced by S107 treatment. Conclusively, we proposed that the redox remodeling of RyR1 (hypernitrosylated-RyR1) might be responsible for dysregulated Ca2+ homeostasis which consequently impaired muscle strength and function in response to chronic hypoxic stress. Reduced SR Ca2+ leak and enhanced binding affinity of FKBP12 may provide a novel therapeutic avenue in ameliorating skeletal muscle atrophy at high altitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agrawal
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Richa Rathor
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India.
| | - Ravi Kumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Geetha Suryakumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Som Nath Singh
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, New Delhi, 110054, India
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18
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Shukla M, Mani KV, Deepshikha, Shukla S, Kapoor N. Moderate noise associated oxidative stress with concomitant memory impairment, neuro-inflammation and neurodegeneration. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 5:100089. [PMID: 34589861 PMCID: PMC8474184 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Noise, a disturbing and unwanted sound is currently being perceived as a widespread environmental stressor. In the present study we investigated the activation of oxidative stress as a mechanism involved in cognitive impairment through changes in neuro-inflammation. Sprague Dawley rats (200-220 g m) were exposed to moderate (100dB) sound pressure level (SPL) noise daily for 2 h s over a period of 15 and 30 days and the consequence on brain regions of hippocampus observed through behavioral studies by Morris Water Maze to assess effects on spatial memory coupled with biochemical evaluation of markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Further, the underlying mechanism pertaining to apoptosis was investigated by immuno-histological studies through assessment of Caspase-3 and TUNEL assay as well as morphological parameters, namely Nissl bodies in CA1, CA3 and DG regions of hippocampus. Poorer performance in the MWM indicative of decrement in concept formation, attention, working memory, and reference memory was observed on 15 and 30 days of noise exposures. At the cellular level, increased oxidative stress and inflammation was noticed as evinced by elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1α and IFN-γ in both hippocampus and plasma. Exposure to noise also led to a gradual increase in the number of pyknotic and apoptotic neurons together with the increase in DNA fragmentation in hippocampus. Increased levels of inflammatory genes (i.g.) ccl2, ccr5, ifng, il13, il1a, tnfa coupled with decreased levels of bmp2 and il3 genes were found in both the noise exposure groups. Our findings revealed that moderate intensity noise exposure impaired early memory changes in expression of several gene families including genes associated with regulation of transcription, inflammatory response, and, response to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Shukla
- Occupational Health Division, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Kumar Vyonkesh Mani
- Occupational Health Division, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Deepshikha
- Occupational Health Division, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
| | - Sangeeta Shukla
- School of Studies in Zoology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior, M.P, India
| | - Neeru Kapoor
- Occupational Health Division, Defence Institute of Physiology & Allied Sciences (DIPAS), DRDO Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India
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19
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Abdo Qaid EY, Zulkipli NN, Zakaria R, Ahmad AH, Othman Z, Muthuraju S, Sasongko TH. The role of mTOR signalling pathway in hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:482-488. [PMID: 32202188 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1746308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia has been associated with cognitive impairment. Many studies have investigated the role of mTOR signalling pathway in cognitive functions but its role in hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment remains controversial. This review aimed to elucidate the role of mTOR in the mechanisms of cognitive impairment that may pave the way towards the mechanistic understanding and therapeutic intervention of hypoxia-induced cognitive impairment. mTORC1 is normally regulated during mild or acute hypoxic exposure giving rise to neuroprotection, whereas it is overactivated during severe or chronic hypoxia giving rise to neuronal cells death. Thus, it is worth exploring the possibility of maintaining normal mTORC1 activity and thereby preventing cognitive impairment during severe or chronic hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ninie Nadia Zulkipli
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Rahimah Zakaria
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Asma Hayati Ahmad
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Zahiruddin Othman
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Sangu Muthuraju
- School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150, Malaysia
| | - Teguh Haryo Sasongko
- Perdana University-RCSI School of Medicine, Perdana University Center for Research Excellence, Jalan MAEPS Perdana, Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia
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20
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Kong Q, Yu M, Zhang M, Wei C, Gu H, Yu S, Sun W, Li N, Zhou Y. Conditional Dnmt3b deletion in hippocampal dCA1 impairs recognition memory. Mol Brain 2020; 13:42. [PMID: 32183852 PMCID: PMC7079487 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00574-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Active changes in neuronal DNA methylation and demethylation appear to act as controllers of synaptic scaling and glutamate receptor trafficking in learning and memory formation. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), including proteins encoded by Dnmt1, Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b, are dominant enzymes carrying out DNA methylation. Our previous study demonstrated the important roles that DNMT1 and DNMT3a play in synaptic function and memory. In this study, we aim to explore the role of DNMT3b and its-mediated DNA methylation in memory processes. METHODS Dnmt3b was knocked down specifically in dorsal CA1 neurons of adult mice hippocampus by AAV-syn-Cre-GFP virus injection. Behavioral tests were used to evaluate memory performance. Gene expression microarray analysis followed by quantitative RT-PCR were performed to find differential expression genes. RESULTS Dnmt3bflox/flox mice receiving Cre-virus infection showed impaired novel object-place recognition (NPR) and normal novel object recognition (NOR), in comparison to mice receiving control GFP-virus infection. Microarray analysis revealed differential expression of K+ channel subunits in the hippocampus of Dnmt3bflox/flox mice receiving Cre-virus injection. Increased Kcne2 expression was confirmed by following qRT-PCR analysis. We also found that NPR training and testing induced up-regulation of hippocampal Dnmt1 and Dnmt3a mRNA expression in control mice, but not in Cre-virus injected mice. Our findings thus demonstrate that conditional Dnmt3b deletion in a sub-region of the hippocampus impairs a specific form of recognition memory that is hippocampus-dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingnuan Kong
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Department of Pathology, Qingdao Municipal hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Chuang Wei
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Huating Gu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoyang Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
- Institute of Brain Sciences and Related Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
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21
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Miao Z, Wang Y, Sun Z. The Relationships Between Stress, Mental Disorders, and Epigenetic Regulation of BDNF. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041375. [PMID: 32085670 PMCID: PMC7073021 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a critical member of the neurotrophic family, plays an important role in multiple stress-related mental disorders. Although alterations in BDNF in multiple brain regions of individuals experiencing stress have been demonstrated in previous studies, it appears that a set of elements are involved in the complex regulation. In this review, we summarize the specific brain regions with altered BDNF expression during stress exposure. How various environmental factors, including both physical and psychological stress, affect the expression of BDNF in specific brain regions are further summarized. Moreover, epigenetic regulation of BDNF, including DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNA, in response to diverse types of stress, as well as sex differences in the sensitivity of BDNF to the stress response, is also summarized. Clarification of the underlying role of BDNF in the stress process will promote our understanding of the pathology of stress-linked mental disorders and provide a potent target for the future treatment of stress-related illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Miao
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yan Wang
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- School of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhongsheng Sun
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China;
- Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
- School of Life Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence:
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22
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Transcriptome Analysis and Emerging Driver Identification of CD8+ T Cells in Patients with Vitiligo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2503924. [PMID: 31885781 PMCID: PMC6899274 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2503924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activated CD8+ T cells play important roles in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. However, driving factors about the activation and migration of CD8+ T cells remain obscure. In this study, we aim to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and uncover potential factors that drive the disease in melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells in vitiligo. A total of 1147 DEGs were found through transcriptome sequencing in CD8+ T cells from lesional skin of vitiligo patients and normal controls. Based on KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and PPI, 16 upregulated and 23 downregulated genes were identified. Ultimately, 3 genes were figured out after RT-qPCR verification. The mRNA and protein expression levels of PIK3CB, HIF-1α, and F2RL1 were all elevated in CD8+ T cells from peripheral blood in vitiligo. HIF-1α and PIK3CB were significantly increased in lesional skin of vitiligo. Two CpG sites of the HIF-1α promoter were hypomethylated in vitiligo CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, HIF-1α, F2RL1, and PIK3CB may act as novel drivers for vitiligo, which are all closely associated with reactive oxygen species and possibly contribute to the activation and/or migration of melanocyte-specific CD8+ T cells in vitiligo. In addition, we uncovered a potential role for DNA hypomethylation of HIF-1α in CD8+ T cells of vitiligo.
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23
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Nouri Z, Fakhri S, El-Senduny FF, Sanadgol N, Abd-ElGhani GE, Farzaei MH, Chen JT. On the Neuroprotective Effects of Naringenin: Pharmacological Targets, Signaling Pathways, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Perspective. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E690. [PMID: 31684142 PMCID: PMC6920995 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As a group of progressive, chronic, and disabling disorders, neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) affect millions of people worldwide, and are on the rise. NDs are known as the gradual loss of neurons; however, their pathophysiological mechanisms have not been precisely revealed. Due to the complex pathophysiological mechanisms behind the neurodegeneration, investigating effective and multi-target treatments has remained a clinical challenge. Besides, appropriate neuroprotective agents are still lacking, which raises the need for new therapeutic agents. In recent years, several reports have introduced naturally-derived compounds as promising alternative treatments for NDs. Among natural entities, flavonoids are multi-target alternatives affecting different pathogenesis mechanisms in neurodegeneration. Naringenin is a natural flavonoid possessing neuroprotective activities. Increasing evidence has attained special attention on the variety of therapeutic targets along with complex signaling pathways for naringenin, which suggest its possible therapeutic applications in several NDs. Here, in this review, the neuroprotective effects of naringenin, as well as its related pharmacological targets, signaling pathways, molecular mechanisms, and clinical perspective, are described. Moreover, the need to develop novel naringenin delivery systems is also discussed to solve its widespread pharmacokinetic limitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Nouri
- Student's Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6714415153, Iran.
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Fardous F El-Senduny
- Biochemistry division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Nima Sanadgol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol 7383198616, Iran.
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Ghada E Abd-ElGhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Jen-Tsung Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan.
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