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Mohammed C, Fuego JP, Garcia KV, Jamil H, Rajesh RY, Escobar AS, Hassan MJ, Rai M. A Mini Literature Review of Probiotics: Transforming Gastrointestinal Health Through Evidence-Based Insights. Cureus 2024; 16:e57055. [PMID: 38681263 PMCID: PMC11051678 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of the intricate interaction between gut bacteria and human health continues to expand, so too has interest in the ability of probiotics to manage gut microbiota and confer multiple health benefits to the host. The mini literature review focuses on the expanding potential of the use of probiotics in GI health, with a focus on probiotics' potential therapeutic advantages in a variety of gastrointestinal (GI) illnesses. Probiotics play a significant role in managing diarrhea and symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) by modulating gut microbial communities. Specific probiotic strains have been found to reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria, regulate inflammatory markers like interleukin 6, and improve GI symptoms such as abdominal discomfort and stool consistency. Additionally, probiotic blends have shown potential for preventing GI infections and alleviating GI pain in IBS-D patients. Studies have demonstrated that certain multi-strain probiotics, including Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species, can significantly increase the frequency of bowel movements and reduce the proportion of individuals experiencing constipation. It has also been found that probiotic supplementation may reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and mortality, particularly in patients undergoing colorectal adenocarcinoma surgery. Additionally, probiotics have been associated with decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved clinical outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. Furthermore, probiotics have been associated with enhanced digestive tolerance, reduced GI inflammation, and prolonged clinical remission in certain UC patients. Studies have also shown that probiotics, administered either directly to infants or pregnant women during the perinatal stage, can alleviate symptoms such as inconsolable crying and irritation associated with infant colic, improve bowel movement frequency in cases of functional constipation, and enhance overall conditions in premature infants, including reducing regurgitation and improving feeding tolerance. The review addresses both encouraging results and challenges with probiotic therapy, while also arguing for more studies to elucidate underlying mechanisms and enhance therapeutic techniques. As we traverse the complex field of probiotic therapy in the treatment of GI illnesses, researchers, physicians, and other healthcare professionals can benefit from the informative information provided by this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara Mohammed
- Orthopedics, East Regional Health Authority, Port of Spain, TTO
| | - Jhon P Fuego
- Internal Medicine, West Visayas State University College of Medicine, Iloilo City, PHL
| | - Karina V Garcia
- Internal Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, MEX
| | - Hira Jamil
- Medicine, University Medical and Dental College Faisalabad, Faisalabad, PAK
| | - Rahul Y Rajesh
- Internal Medicine, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, GEO
| | | | | | - Manju Rai
- Immunology, Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, IND
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Rugge M, Genta RM, Malfertheiner P, Dinis-Ribeiro M, El-Serag H, Graham DY, Kuipers EJ, Leung WK, Park JY, Rokkas T, Schulz C, El-Omar EM. RE.GA.IN.: the Real-world Gastritis Initiative-updating the updates. Gut 2024; 73:407-441. [PMID: 38383142 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-331164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
At the end of the last century, a far-sighted 'working party' held in Sydney, Australia addressed the clinicopathological issues related to gastric inflammatory diseases. A few years later, an international conference held in Houston, Texas, USA critically updated the seminal Sydney classification. In line with these initiatives, Kyoto Global Consensus Report, flanked by the Maastricht-Florence conferences, added new clinical evidence to the gastritis clinicopathological puzzle.The most relevant topics related to the gastric inflammatory diseases have been addressed by the Real-world Gastritis Initiative (RE.GA.IN.), from disease definitions to the clinical diagnosis and prognosis. This paper reports the conclusions of the RE.GA.IN. consensus process, which culminated in Venice in November 2022 after more than 8 months of intense global scientific deliberations. A forum of gastritis scholars from five continents participated in the multidisciplinary RE.GA.IN. consensus. After lively debates on the most controversial aspects of the gastritis spectrum, the RE.GA.IN. Faculty amalgamated complementary knowledge to distil patient-centred, evidence-based statements to assist health professionals in their real-world clinical practice. The sections of this report focus on: the epidemiology of gastritis; Helicobacter pylori as dominant aetiology of environmental gastritis and as the most important determinant of the gastric oncogenetic field; the evolving knowledge on gastric autoimmunity; the clinicopathological relevance of gastric microbiota; the new diagnostic horizons of endoscopy; and the clinical priority of histologically reporting gastritis in terms of staging. The ultimate goal of RE.GA.IN. was and remains the promotion of further improvement in the clinical management of patients with gastritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Azienda Zero, Veneto Tumour Registry, Padua, Italy
| | - Robert M Genta
- Gastrointestinal Pathology, Inform Diagnostics Research Institute, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Peter Malfertheiner
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, Ludwig Maximilian Universität Klinikum München, Munich, Germany
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie und Infektiologie, Otto-von-Guericke Universität Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mario Dinis-Ribeiro
- Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center & RISE@CI-IPO, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Gastroenterology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hashem El-Serag
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
- Houston VA Health Services Research & Development Center of Excellence, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Y Graham
- Department of Medicine, Michael E DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ernst J Kuipers
- Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jin Young Park
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Theodore Rokkas
- Gastroenterology, Henry Dunant Hospital Center, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Emad M El-Omar
- Microbiome Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Gopalan S, Ganapathy S, Mitra M, Neha, Kumar Joshi D, Veligandla KC, Rathod R, Kotak BP. Unique Properties of Yeast Probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2023; 15:e46314. [PMID: 37927652 PMCID: PMC10621882 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics, both bacterial and yeast, have long been associated with a beneficial health history and human well-being. Among yeasts, Saccharomyces is a genus that is efficacious in rendering better human health, with Saccharomyces boulardii (S. boulardii) CNCM I-745 being classified as a probiotic agent. The present review highlights the unique properties of S. boulardii and its rolein the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and pediatric acute gastroenteritis (PAGE) in comparison to bacterial probiotics. Its unique properties,such as viability over a wide pH range, inability to acquire antibiotic resistance genes, and property to achieve a steady state rapidly, have given S. boulardii an edge over bacterial probiotics. In AAD patients, prophylactic use of S. boulardii has shown a significantly lower risk of AAD (in comparison to controls) and restored the diversity of gut microbiota. Among Indian children with PAGE, S. boulardii CNCM I-745 was found superior to Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and four strains of Bacillus clausii in shortening the duration of diarrhea and reducing the length of hospital stay. S. boulardii CNCM I-745 being considered a safe probiotic for use in children and adults also finds recommendations in several international guidelines for the management of acute diarrhea. The current review discusses evidence for the proven efficacy and safety of S. boulardii CNCM I-745 as a probiotic for preventing gastrointestinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarath Gopalan
- Pediatrics, Madhukar Rainbow Children's Hospital, New Delhi, IND
| | | | - Monjori Mitra
- Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health (ICH), Kolkata, IND
| | - Neha
- Medical Affairs, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Hyderabad, IND
| | | | | | - Rahul Rathod
- Ideation and Clinical Research/Medical Affairs, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Hyderabad, IND
| | - Bhavesh P Kotak
- Medical Affairs, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Hyderabad, IND
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Jiang CH, Xu JJ, Xu C, Chen SY, Chen JY, Xia JS, Liao Z, Zou WB, Fang X. Status quo of the public's knowledge of probiotics based on video-sharing platforms. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:574. [PMID: 36978067 PMCID: PMC10043532 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics have been deemed multipotent and unprecedentedly applied in the health field recently. However, there are challenges in promoting credible and reliable resources while avoiding misinformation regarding probiotics for the public. METHODS This study analysed 400 eligible probiotic-related videos selected from YouTube, and the three most popular video-sharing platforms (Bilibili, Weibo and TikTok) in China. Video retrieval was performed on September 5th, 2022. GQS and tailored DISCERN tool assess each video's quality, usage, and reliability. A comparative analysis of videos from different sources was carried out. RESULTS The identity distribution of probiotic video-producers was predominantly experts (n = 202, 50.50%), followed by amateurs (n = 161, 40.25%) and health-related institutions (n = 37, 9.25%). The videos' content category mainly discussed the function of probiotics (n = 120, 30%), the way to choose suitable products (n = 81, 20.25%), and the methods for taking probiotics (n = 71, 17.75%).The overall quality of videos was moderate (3/5 point) assessed by GQS, while the usage (1/6 point) and reliability (2/5 point) detailing probiotics assessed by tailored DISCERN tool were poor. The attitude of probiotic video-producers was primarily positive (n = 323, 80.75%), followed by neutral (n = 52, 13.00%) and negative (n = 25, 6.25%) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The current study showed that videos on social media platforms publicise important information including the concepts, usage, and precautions of probiotics to the public. But the overall quality of uploaded videos about probiotics was unsatisfactory. More efforts are needed to improve the higher-quality content of probiotic-related online videos and better propagate probiotic knowledge to the public in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hui Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jia-Jia Xu
- Department of General Medicine, Beicai Community Health Service Center of Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shi-Yue Chen
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-Yun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jing-Song Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Xue Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Military Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Ivashkin VТ, Ulyanin AI, Mayev IV, Kozlov RS, Livzan MA, Abdulkhakov SR, Alekseyeva OP, Alekseyenko SA, Bordin DS, Dekhnich NN, Korochyanskaya NV, Lapina TL, Poluektova EA, Simanenkov VI, Trukhmanov AS, Khlynov IB, Tsukanov VV, Sheptulin AA. Modern Approaches to <i>H. pylori</i> Eradication Therapy in Adults (Literature Review and Resolution of Experts Council). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY, COLOPROCTOLOGY 2022; 32:7-19. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.22416/1382-4376-2022-32-6-7-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Aim: to analyze current approaches to H. pylori eradication therapy in adults and present the materials of Experts Council held on December 9, 2022 in Moscow.General statements. H. pylori infection is the main etiological factor of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Eradication of H. pylori is recognized as a necessary measure to reduce the incidence of these diseases. The approaches to selecting an eradication regimen should be optimized to take into account epidemiological trends and achieve better treatment outcomes. The updated Maastricht VI Consensus Report presents the means to overcome the difficulties in selecting an approach to the treatment of H. pylori infection. However, eradication therapy remains challenging due to adverse events (primarily antibiotic-associated diarrhea), poor treatment tolerance and patient compliance. Eradication therapy can be optimized by supplementing treatment regimens with strain-specific probiotics that reduce adverse events, improve patient compliance and eradication rates, such as Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 strain with established efficacy.Conclusion. The inclusion of certain probiotics in eradication regimens improves treatment tolerance, reduces the risk of adverse events, improves patient compliance and eradication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Т. Ivashkin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. I. Ulyanin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - I. V. Mayev
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
| | | | | | - S. R. Abdulkhakov
- Gastroenterology Center of the Volga Federal District, N.A. Semashko Regional Clinical Hospital of Nizhny Novgorod; Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
| | | | | | - D. S. Bordin
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center; Tver State Medical University
| | | | | | - T. L. Lapina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. A. Poluektova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | - A. S. Trukhmanov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | - V. V. Tsukanov
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an autonomous branch of the Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
| | - A. A. Sheptulin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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Ivashkin VТ, Ulyanin AI, Mayev IV, Kozlov RS, Livzan MA, Abdulkhakov SR, Alekseyeva OP, Alekseyenko SA, Bordin DS, Dekhnich NN, Korochyanskaya NV, Lapina TL, Poluektova EA, Simanenkov VI, Trukhmanov AS, Khlynov IB, Tsukanov VV, Sheptulin AA. Modern Approaches to <i>H. pylori</i> Eradication Therapy in Adults (Literature Review and Resolution of Experts Council). RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY, HEPATOLOGY, COLOPROCTOLOGY 2022; 32:7-19. [DOI: 10.22416/1382-4376-2022-32-6-7-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Aim: to analyze current approaches to H. pylori eradication therapy in adults and present the materials of Experts Council held on December 9, 2022 in Moscow.General statements. H. pylori infection is the main etiological factor of gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. Eradication of H. pylori is recognized as a necessary measure to reduce the incidence of these diseases. The approaches to selecting an eradication regimen should be optimized to take into account epidemiological trends and achieve better treatment outcomes. The updated Maastricht VI Consensus Report presents the means to overcome the difficulties in selecting an approach to the treatment of H. pylori infection. However, eradication therapy remains challenging due to adverse events (primarily antibiotic-associated diarrhea), poor treatment tolerance and patient compliance. Eradication therapy can be optimized by supplementing treatment regimens with strain-specific probiotics that reduce adverse events, improve patient compliance and eradication rates, such as Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 strain with established efficacy.Conclusion. The inclusion of certain probiotics in eradication regimens improves treatment tolerance, reduces the risk of adverse events, improves patient compliance and eradication rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. Т. Ivashkin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - A. I. Ulyanin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - I. V. Mayev
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry
| | | | | | - S. R. Abdulkhakov
- Gastroenterology Center of the Volga Federal District, N.A. Semashko Regional Clinical Hospital of Nizhny Novgorod; Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University
| | | | | | - D. S. Bordin
- A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry; A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center; Tver State Medical University
| | | | | | - T. L. Lapina
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | - E. A. Poluektova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | - A. S. Trukhmanov
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
| | | | - V. V. Tsukanov
- Krasnoyarsk Science Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an autonomous branch of the Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North
| | - A. A. Sheptulin
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)
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Ayyash M, Al-Najjar MAA, Jaber K, Ayyash L, Abu-Farha R. Assessment of public knowledge and perception about the use of probiotics. Eur J Integr Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2021.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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