Rate of Overlap between ICD-11 Gaming Disorder and DSM-5 Internet Gaming Disorder along with Turkish Reliability of the Gaming Disorder Scale for Adolescents (GADIS-A)

Gaming disorder and psychological distress among Iranian adolescents: the mediating role of sleep hygiene

BACKGROUND

Evidence on psychological outcomes of gaming disorder (GD) is still scarce. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of sleep hygiene in the relationship between GD and psychological distress (depression and anxiety) among Iranian adolescents.

METHODS

This was a cross-sectional study among school students in Qazvin city, Iran. We administered GD, anxiety, and depression questionnaires in a paper-and-pencil format. GD was measured using the GD S4-SF scale, and anxiety and depression were evaluated using the DASS-21. We assessed sleep health as a mediator using the Sleep Hygiene Behaviors scale. Covariance-Based Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) was employed for data analysis, accounting for sex and physical activity as the main confounders. Statistical significance was determined using various fit indices and confidence intervals.

RESULTS

The sample consisted of 600 adolescents (41% female). CB-SEM revealed a positive but not statistically significant association between GD and depression, along with a negative statistically significant association with anxiety. Notably, sleep hygiene was identified as a partial mediator in the relationship between GD and depression, indicating that poor sleep practices may exacerbate depressive symptoms among adolescents with GD. However, no mediating effect was observed for anxiety.

CONCLUSION

Our data supported a mediating role for sleep hygiene in the association between GD and depression among participants. Our results highlight the critical need for targeted policy interventions to improve sleep hygiene among adolescents with GD.

Meta-Analysis of Internet Gaming Disorder Prevalence: Assessing the Impacts of DSM-5 and ICD-11 Diagnostic Criteria

With the inclusion of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) in both the DSM-5 and ICD-11, understanding the prevalence and diagnostic discrepancies is crucial for developing appropriate interventions. This study presents a meta-analysis of the prevalence of IGD based on two diagnostic criteria. We systematically searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases. A total of 22 studies were included in the final analysis. The analysis incorporated studies employing the DSM-5 and ICD-11 criteria and focused on the impact of various factors, including study location, sample characteristics, sample size, and quality score, on the reported prevalence rates using a random-effects model. The pooled prevalence of IGD is 6.7% (95% CI: 5.7-7.7%). The subgroup analysis indicated significant differences in the prevalence rates of IGD (DSM-5 criteria) and GD (ICD-11 criteria) (Q b = 38.46, p < 0.01). There were also significant differences in IGD prevalence rates between different scales (Q b = 54.23, p < 0.001). Our findings indicate that different diagnostic criteria and different assessment scales have a significant impact on the prevalence of IGD. This underscores the importance of adopting standardized methodologies to guide public health interventions. However, given the limited research based on ICD-11 diagnostic criteria, further investigation is necessary to determine the variations in prevalence rates of IGD under different diagnostic standards.