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Ramamoorthy P, Xu G, Shi H. Expression of Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1alpha Is Protein Kinase A-dependent in Primary Cortical Astrocytes Exposed to Severe Hypoxia. Neurochem Res 2018; 44:258-268. [PMID: 29589179 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2516-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) and the cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) are two transcription factors that have been studied in the context of neuronal survival and neurodegeneration. HIF-1 upregulation and CREB activation have been observed not only in neurons but also in astrocytes under conditions of hypoxia. We hypothesized that activation of CREB regulate HIF-1α expression in the nucleus of cortical astrocytes under in vitro ischemic condition. To test the hypothesis, we determined the effects of inhibiting the CREB activation pathway on the expression of HIF-1α protein in astrocytes exposed to CoCl2 and severe hypoxia (near anoxia, 0.1% O2). The results demonstrated that inhibition of CaMKII and CaMKIV had no effect on both HIF-1α and pCREB expression in cortical astrocytes exposed to CoCl2 and anoxia. In contrast, PKA inhibition lowered the expression of HIF-1α and pCREB expression. Furthermore, the inhibition of PKA but not CaMKII or CaMKIV increased cell death of astrocytes exposed to near anoxia. The results suggest that PKA plays an important role in the cell survival signaling pathways in astrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhu Ramamoorthy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Grace Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Honglian Shi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA.
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2
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Ding L, Yang M, Zhao T, Lv G. Roles of p300 and cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein in high glucose-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1α inactivation under hypoxic conditions. J Diabetes Investig 2017; 8:277-285. [PMID: 27808477 PMCID: PMC5415468 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction Given the high prevalence of diabetes and burn injuries worldwide, it is essential to dissect the underlying mechanism of delayed burn wound healing in diabetes patients, especially the high glucose‐induced hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 (HIF‐1)‐mediated transcription defects. Materials and Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with low or high concentrations of glucose. HIF‐1α‐induced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) transcription was measured by luciferase assay. Immunofluorescence staining was carried out to visualize cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) localization. Immunoprecipitation was carried out to characterize the association between HIF‐1α/p300/CREB. To test whether p300, CREB or p300+CREB co‐overexpression was sufficient to rescue the HIF‐1‐mediated transcription defect after high glucose exposure, p300, CREB or p300+CREB co‐overexpression were engineered, and VEGF expression was quantified. Finally, in vitro angiogenesis assay was carried out to test whether the high glucose‐induced angiogenesis defect is rescuable by p300 and CREB co‐overexpression. Results Chronic high glucose treatment resulted in impaired HIF‐1‐induced VEGF transcription and CREB exclusion from the nucleus. P300 or CREB overexpression alone cannot rescue high glucose‐induced HIF‐1α transcription defects. In contrast, co‐overexpression of p300 and CREB dramatically ameliorated high glucose‐induced impairment of HIF‐1‐mediated VEGF transcription, as well as in vitro angiogenesis. Finally, we showed that co‐overexpression of p300 and CREB rectifies the dissociation of HIF‐1α‐p300‐CREB protein complex in chronic high glucose‐treated cells. Conclusion Both p300 and CREB are required for the function integrity of HIF‐1α transcription machinery and subsequent angiogenesis, suggesting future studies to improve burn wound healing might be directed to optimization of the interaction between p300, CREB and HIF‐1α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingtao Ding
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Minlie Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tianlan Zhao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guozhong Lv
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China
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Sanagawa A, Iwaki S, Asai M, Sakakibara D, Norimoto H, Sobel BE, Fujii S. Sphingosine 1‑phosphate induced by hypoxia increases the expression of PAI‑1 in HepG2 cells via HIF‑1α. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:1841-8. [PMID: 27357063 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Our group has recently reported that in the immortal human HepG2 liver cell line, sphingosine 1‑phosphate (S1P) increases transcription of plasminogen activator inhibitor type‑1 (PAI‑1), the major physiological inhibitor of fibrinolysis, within 4 h. The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this effect. PAI‑1 expression was measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. It was demonstrated that S1P increased PAI‑1 promoter activity but did not increase the activity of promoters lacking the hypoxia responsive element (HRE) 2. In addition, S1P transiently increased the concentration of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)‑1α, a transcription factor capable of binding to HRE. When HIF‑1α was knocked down, the induction of transcription of PAI‑1 by S1P was no longer observed. Sphingosine kinase (SPHK) activity is increased by hypoxia. It was demonstrated that increases in the concentration of the HIF‑1α protein induced by hypoxia were prevented by treatment with SPHK inhibitor or S1P receptor antagonists. Thus, modification of the induction of HIF‑1α by S1P, leading to increased transcription of PAI‑1, may be an attractive therapeutic target for thrombosis and consequent inhibition of fibrinolysis associated with hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akimasa Sanagawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8603, Japan
| | - Soichiro Iwaki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8603, Japan
| | - Moyoko Asai
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Sakakibara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8603, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Norimoto
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8603, Japan
| | - Burton E Sobel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Vermont, Colchester, VT 05446, USA
| | - Satoshi Fujii
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Aichi 467‑8603, Japan
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Tong Q, Weaver MR, Kosmacek EA, O'Connor BP, Harmacek L, Venkataraman S, Oberley-Deegan RE. MnTE-2-PyP reduces prostate cancer growth and metastasis by suppressing p300 activity and p300/HIF-1/CREB binding to the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 94:185-94. [PMID: 26944191 PMCID: PMC5486868 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
To improve radiation therapy-induced quality of life impairments for prostate cancer patients, the development of radio-protectors is needed. Our previous work has demonstrated that MnTE-2-PyP significantly protects urogenital tissues from radiation-induced damage. So, in order for MnTE-2-PyP to be used clinically as a radio-protector, it is fully necessary to explore the effect of MnTE-2-PyP on human prostate cancer progression. MnTE-2-PyP inhibited prostate cancer growth in the presence and absence of radiation and also inhibited prostate cancer migration and invasion. MnTE-2-PyP altered p300 DNA binding, which resulted in the inhibition of HIF-1β and CREB signaling pathways. Accordingly, we also found that MnTE-2-PyP reduced the expression of three genes regulated by HIF-1β and/or CREB: TGF-β2, FGF-1 and PAI-1. Specifically, MnTE-2-PyP decreased p300 complex binding to a specific HRE motif within the PAI-1 gene promoter region, suppressed H3K9 acetylation, and consequently, repressed PAI-1 expression. Mechanistically, less p300 transcriptional complex binding is not due to the reduction of binding between p300 and HIF-1/CREB transcription factors, but through inhibiting the binding of HIF-1/CREB transcription factors to DNA. Our data provide an in depth mechanism by which MnTE-2-PyP reduces prostate cancer growth and metastasis, which validates the clinical use of MnTE-2-PyP as a radio-protector to enhance treatment outcomes in prostate cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Tong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Michael R Weaver
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Kosmacek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Brian P O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Laura Harmacek
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 80206, USA
| | - Sujatha Venkataraman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Rebecca E Oberley-Deegan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA.
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Das R, Timur U, Edip S, Haak E, Wruck C, Weinans H, Jahr H. TGF-β2 is involved in the preservation of the chondrocyte phenotype under hypoxic conditions. Ann Anat 2015; 198:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Li L, Howell K, Sands M, Banahan M, Frohlich S, Rowan SC, Neary R, Ryan D, McLoughlin P. The α and Δ isoforms of CREB1 are required to maintain normal pulmonary vascular resistance. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80637. [PMID: 24349008 PMCID: PMC3857174 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia causes pulmonary hypertension associated with structural alterations in pulmonary vessels and sustained vasoconstriction. The transcriptional mechanisms responsible for these distinctive changes are unclear. We have previously reported that CREB1 is activated in the lung in response to alveolar hypoxia but not in other organs. To directly investigate the role of α and Δ isoforms of CREB1 in the regulation of pulmonary vascular resistance we examined the responses of mice in which these isoforms of CREB1 had been inactivated by gene mutation, leaving only the β isoform intact (CREB(αΔ) mice). Here we report that expression of CREB regulated genes was altered in the lungs of CREB(αΔ) mice. CREB(αΔ) mice had greater pulmonary vascular resistance than wild types, both basally in normoxia and following exposure to hypoxic conditions for three weeks. There was no difference in rho kinase mediated vasoconstriction between CREB(αΔ) and wild type mice. Stereological analysis of pulmonary vascular structure showed characteristic wall thickening and lumen reduction in hypoxic wild-type mice, with similar changes observed in CREB(αΔ). CREB(αΔ) mice had larger lungs with reduced epithelial surface density suggesting increased pulmonary compliance. These findings show that α and Δ isoforms of CREB1 regulate homeostatic gene expression in the lung and that normal activity of these isoforms is essential to maintain low pulmonary vascular resistance in both normoxic and hypoxic conditions and to maintain the normal alveolar structure. Interventions that enhance the actions of α and Δ isoforms of CREB1 warrant further investigation in hypoxic lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Li
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Katherine Howell
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michelle Sands
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mark Banahan
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Stephen Frohlich
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simon C. Rowan
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Roisín Neary
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal Ryan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, St Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul McLoughlin
- University College Dublin, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Conway Institute, Dublin, Ireland
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Samarajeewa NU, Yang F, Docanto MM, Sakurai M, McNamara KM, Sasano H, Fox SB, Simpson ER, Brown KA. HIF-1α stimulates aromatase expression driven by prostaglandin E2 in breast adipose stroma. Breast Cancer Res 2013; 15:R30. [PMID: 23566437 PMCID: PMC3672802 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Revised: 02/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of postmenopausal breast cancers are estrogen-dependent. Tumor-derived factors, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), stimulate CREB1 binding to cAMP response elements (CREs) on aromatase promoter II (PII), leading to the increased expression of aromatase and biosynthesis of estrogens within human breast adipose stromal cells (ASCs). Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key mediator of cellular adaptation to low oxygen levels, is emerging as a novel prognostic marker in breast cancer. We have identified the presence of a consensus HIF-1α binding motif overlapping with the proximal CRE of aromatase PII. However, the regulation of aromatase expression by HIF-1α in breast cancer has not been characterized. This study aimed to characterize the role of HIF-1α in the activation of aromatase PII. METHODS HIF-1α expression and localization were examined in human breast ASCs using quantitative PCR (QPCR), Western blotting, immunofluorescence and high content screening. QPCR and tritiated water-release assays were performed to assess the effect of HIF-1α on aromatase expression and activity. Reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were performed to assess the effect of HIF-1α on PII activity and binding. Treatments included PGE2 or DMOG ((dimethyloxalglycine), HIF-1α stabilizer). Double immunohistochemistry for HIF-1α and aromatase was performed on tissues obtained from breast cancer and cancer-free patients. RESULTS Results indicate that PGE2 increases HIF-1α transcript and protein expression, nuclear localization and binding to aromatase PII in human breast ASCs. Results also demonstrate that HIF-1α significantly increases PII activity, and aromatase transcript expression and activity, in the presence of DMOG and/or PGE2, and that HIF-1α and CREB1 act co-operatively on PII. There is a significant increase in HIF-1α positive ASCs in breast cancer patients compared to cancer-free women, and a positive association between HIF-1α and aromatase expression. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to identify HIF-1α as a modulator of PII-driven aromatase expression in human breast tumor-associated stroma and provides a novel mechanism for estrogen regulation in obesity-related, post-menopausal breast cancer. Together with our on-going studies on the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the regulation of breast aromatase, this work provides another link between disregulated metabolism and breast cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Adipose Tissue/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue/pathology
- Aromatase/genetics
- Aromatase/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/pathology
- Cell Nucleus/drug effects
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Chromatin Immunoprecipitation
- Dinoprostone/pharmacology
- Female
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Oxytocics/pharmacology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Stromal Cells/drug effects
- Stromal Cells/metabolism
- Stromal Cells/pathology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirukshi U Samarajeewa
- Prince Henry's Institute, Block E Level 4, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Fangyuan Yang
- Prince Henry's Institute, Block E Level 4, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Maria M Docanto
- Prince Henry's Institute, Block E Level 4, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Minako Sakurai
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keely M McNamara
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Stephen B Fox
- Department of Pathology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 8006, Australia
- Department of Pathology, Melbourne University, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Evan R Simpson
- Prince Henry's Institute, Block E Level 4, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Kristy A Brown
- Prince Henry's Institute, Block E Level 4, Monash Medical Centre, 246 Clayton Rd, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Melbourne, VIC 3168, Australia
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Iwaki S, Yamamura S, Asai M, Sobel BE, Fujii S. Posttranscriptional regulation of expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 by sphingosine 1-phosphate in HepG2 liver cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2012; 1819:1132-41. [PMID: 22819712 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), a major physiologic inhibitor of fibrinolysis, is implicated in the progression of atherosclerosis. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) regulates expression of diverse genes and alters expression of PAI-1 in several types of cells. However, the nature of posttranscriptional regulation of expression of PAI-1 by S1P has not yet been thoroughly elucidated. The present study was undertaken to determine whether S1P has important effects on the posttranscriptional regulation of PAI-1 expression. To evaluate this possibility, we determined promoter activity, mRNA levels, 3'-untranslated region (UTR) activity, and protein levels of PAI-1 in HepG2 cells. S1P increased PAI-1 promoter activity and the expression of PAI-1 mRNA within 4h of exposure. It decreased the expression of PAI-1 mRNA and the accumulation of PAI-1 protein into the media in 24h. Human PAI-1 mRNA exists in two subspecies (3.2 and 2.2kb). S1P decreased the baseline luciferase activity of the 1kb fragment of the 3' terminus (+2177 to 3176nt) of the 3'-UTR of the 3.2kb PAI-1 mRNA [3'-UTR (+2177-3176)]. S1P decreased expression of PAI-1 protein, presumably by regulating PAI-1 expression at the posttranscriptional level thereby affecting mRNA stability. SERPINE1 mRNA binding protein (SERBP1) and ARE3 in the 3'-UTR were involved in the posttranscriptional regulation by S1P. Our data suggest that S1P can destabilize 3.2kb PAI-1 mRNA through specific effects on the 3'-UTR. These effects appear to involve SERBP1 leading to decreased expression of PAI-1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Iwaki
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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9
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Asakura T, Iwaki S, Okada H, Sobel BE, Fujii S. Posttranscriptional regulation of expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 by cAMP in HepG2 liver cells. J Biochem 2011; 150:687-94. [PMID: 21878476 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvr110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-1 (PAI-1), a physiologic fibrinolysis inhibitor, is implicated in atherosclerosis. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) alters PAI-1 expression in several cells. Nevertheless, posttranscriptional regulation of PAI-1 has not been elucidated. To determine whether cAMP affects PAI-1 expression at posttranscriptional level, we determined promoter activity, mRNA levels, 3'-untranslated region (UTR) activity and protein levels of PAI-1 using HepG2 cells. cAMP decreased PAI-1 promoter activity at 24 h and mRNA expression at 4 h while it increased mRNA expression and accumulation of PAI-1 protein into media at 24 h. Human PAI-1 mRNA exists in two subspecies (3.2 and 2.2 kb), and cAMP increased baseline luciferase activity of 3'-UTR of the 3.2 kb PAI-1 mRNA [3'-UTR (+1358-3176)] and 1 kb fragment of 3'-terminus of 3'-UTR of 3.2 kb mRNA [3'-UTR (+2177-3176)]. cAMP increased PAI-1 protein expression despite decrease in promoter activity, presumably by regulating PAI-1 expression at the posttranscriptional level and thereby affecting mRNA stability. The 53-nt fragment in 3'-UTR (+2591 to +2643 nt) was involved in posttranscriptional regulation by cAMP. Thus, cAMP can stabilize 3.2 kb PAI-1 mRNA mediated by specific effects on 3'-UTR, and these effects are associated with increased expression of PAI-1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takefumi Asakura
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pathobiology and Therapeutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
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10
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Taniguchi M, Ono N, Hayashi A, Yakura Y, Takeya H. Effect of dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate on the gene expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue factor in adipocytes. Thromb Res 2011; 128:375-80. [PMID: 21496886 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypertrophic adipocytes in obese states express the elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and tissue factor (TF). An increase in the intracellular concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) promotes triglyceride hydrolysis and may improve dysregulation of adipocyte metabolism. Here, we investigate the effect of dibutyryl-cAMP (a phosphodiesterase-resistant analog of cAMP) on the gene expression of PAI-1 and TF in adipocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with dibutyryl-cAMP and agents that would be expected to elevate intracellular cAMP, including cilostazol (a phosphodiesterase inhibitor with anti-platelet and vasodilatory properties), isoproterenol (a beta adrenergic agonist) and forskolin (an adenylyl cyclase activator). The levels of PAI-1 and TF mRNAs were measured using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS The treatment of adipocytes with dibutyryl-cAMP resulted in the inhibition of both lipid accumulation and TF gene expression. However, PAI-1 gene expression was slightly but significantly increased by dibutyryl-cAMP. On the other hand, cilostazol inhibited the expression of PAI-1 without affecting lipid accumulation. When the adipocytes were treated with cilostazol in combination with isoproterenol or forskolin, the inhibitory effect of cilostazol on PAI-1 gene expression was counteracted, thus suggesting that inhibition by cilostazol may not be the result of intracellular cAMP accumulation by phosphodiesterase inhibition. These results suggest the implication of cAMP in regulation of the gene expression of TF and PAI-1 in adipocytes. Our findings will serve as a useful basis for further research in therapy for obesity-associated thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Taniguchi
- Division of Pathological Biochemistry, Department of Life Sciences, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago 683–8503, Japan
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Ma Z, Kwong KYC, Tovar JP, Paek D. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate induces plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in human mast cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 400:569-74. [PMID: 20816667 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.08.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Plaminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), the key physiological inhibitor of the plasmin fibrinolytic system, plays important roles in the pathogenesis of asthma. Mast cells (MCs) are crucial effector cells and a major source of PAI-1 for asthma. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is the important regulator of MCs; however, its effects on PAI-1 expression in MCs remain unknown. We reported cAMP/protein kinase A pathway positively regulates PAI-1 expression through cAMP-response element binding protein binding to hypoxia response element-1 at -158 to -153bp of human PAI-1 promoter in human MCs. Moreover, cAMP synergistically augments PAI-1 expression with ionomycin- or IgE receptor cross-linking-mediated stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongcai Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
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Dimova EY, Samoylenko A, Kietzmann T. FOXO4 induces human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 gene expression via an indirect mechanism by modulating HIF-1alpha and CREB levels. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 13:413-24. [PMID: 20136501 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) expression can be enhanced by hypoxia and various stimuli associated with oxidative stress. Among the FOXO transcription factors, FOXO4 appears to be crucial in the response against oxidative stress. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to investigate the role of peroxide-induced oxidative stress and FOXO4 on PAI-1 expression under normoxia and hypoxia. Treatment of cells with hydrogen peroxide increased PAI-1 mRNA, protein, and promoter activity, and knocking down FOXO4 abolished the peroxide-dependent PAI-1 induction. PAI-1 promoter reporter gene assays revealed that the peroxide and FOXO4-dependent induction was mediated through the HIF-1 and CREB-binding HRE within the PAI-1 promoter. Western blot analyses then indicated that peroxide and FOXO4 downregulated HIF-1alpha levels, whereas CREB levels were increased. Chromatin immunoprecipitations showed that FOXO4 did not bind the PAI-1 promoter, whereas CREB binding was enhanced on FOXO4 overexpression. In addition, knockdown of CREB abolished the FOXO4-mediated PAI-1 induction. Together, these findings provide the first evidence that oxidative stress and FOXO4 induce PAI-1 expression through an indirect mechanism involving modulation of HIF-1alpha and CREB protein levels and that enhanced CREB binding to the PAI-1 promoter is critical for the PAI-1 induction under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elitsa Y Dimova
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kaiserslautern , Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Benita Y, Kikuchi H, Smith AD, Zhang MQ, Chung DC, Xavier RJ. An integrative genomics approach identifies Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1)-target genes that form the core response to hypoxia. Nucleic Acids Res 2009; 37:4587-602. [PMID: 19491311 PMCID: PMC2724271 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkp425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 351] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) plays a central role in the transcriptional response to oxygen flux. To gain insight into the molecular pathways regulated by HIF-1, it is essential to identify the downstream-target genes. We report here a strategy to identify HIF-1-target genes based on an integrative genomic approach combining computational strategies and experimental validation. To identify HIF-1-target genes microarrays data sets were used to rank genes based on their differential response to hypoxia. The proximal promoters of these genes were then analyzed for the presence of conserved HIF-1-binding sites. Genes were scored and ranked based on their response to hypoxia and their HIF-binding site score. Using this strategy we recovered 41% of the previously confirmed HIF-1-target genes that responded to hypoxia in the microarrays and provide a catalogue of predicted HIF-1 targets. We present experimental validation for ANKRD37 as a novel HIF-1-target gene. Together these analyses demonstrate the potential to recover novel HIF-1-target genes and the discovery of mammalian-regulatory elements operative in the context of microarray data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Benita
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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