1
|
Guan X, Shi C, Wang Y, He Y, Li Y, Yang Y, Mu W, Li W, Hou T. The possible role of Gremlin1 in inflammatory apical periodontitis. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 157:105848. [PMID: 37977053 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study, we investigated the involvement of Gremlin1 on the pathological process of apical periodontitis and detect the underlying mechanisms preliminarily. METHODS Clinical healthy and inflamed periapical specimens were collected. Then, apical periodontitis (AP) animal models were established by consistent pulp exposure. In addition, AAV-shGremlin1 was injected into inflamed periapical lesions to inhibit the expression of Gremlin1. Alveolar bone loss was measured by Micro-CT. Furthermore, immunohistochemical or immunofluorescence staining of Gremlin1, phosphorylated-CREB, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-1β were performed. RESULTS The expression of Gremlin1 is markedly increased in periapical lesions not only in clinic samples but also in animal models. Moreover, in rats' AP model, we uncovered that the Gremlin1 protein expression levels in apical lesions is positively correlated with those of IL-1β. Besides, the blockade of Gremlin1 in periapical lesions could substantially suppress the alveolar bone loss and restrains the inflammatory status by impacting the activation levels of phosphorylated-CREB, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-1β. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these results illustrated that Gremlin1 acts as a crucial mediator and possibly serves as a potential diagnostic marker for periapical periodontitis. Discovery of new factors involved in the pathophysiology of periapical periodontitis could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic treatment for the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Guan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Sichuan Hospital of Stomatology, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yani He
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yingxue Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenli Mu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenlan Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiezhou Hou
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Department of Cariology and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gnanenthiran SR, Pennings GJ, Reddel CJ, Campbell H, Kockx M, Hamilton JR, Chen V, Kritharides L. Identification of a Distinct Platelet Phenotype in the Elderly: ADP Hypersensitivity Coexists With Platelet PAR (Protease-Activated Receptor)-1 and PAR-4-Mediated Thrombin Resistance. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:960-972. [PMID: 35708029 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.316772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thrombin (via PAR [protease-activated receptor]-1 and PAR-4) and ADP (via P2Y12 receptors) are potent endogenous platelet activators implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to assess whether platelet pathways alter with aging. METHODS We characterized platelet activity in community-dwelling volunteers (n=174) in the following age groups: (1) 20 to 30 (young); (2) 40 to 55 (middle-aged); (3) ≥70 years (elderly). Platelet activity was assessed by aggregometry; flow cytometry (surface markers [P-selectin: alpha granule release, CD63: dense granule release, PAC-1 (measure of conformationally active GPIIb/IIIa at the fibrinogen binding site): GPIIb/IIIa conformational activation] measured under basal conditions and after agonist stimulation [ADP, thrombin, PAR-1 agonist or PAR-4 agonist]); receptor cleavage and quantification; fluorometry; calcium flux; ELISA. RESULTS The elderly had higher basal platelet activation than the young, evidenced by increased expression of P-selectin, CD63, and PAC-1, which correlated with increasing inflammation (IL [interleukin]-1β/IL-6). The elderly demonstrated higher P2Y12 receptor density, with greater ADP-induced platelet aggregation (P<0.05). However, elderly subjects were resistant to thrombin, achieving less activation in response to thrombin (higher EC50) and to selective stimulation of both PAR-1 and PAR-4, with higher basal PAR-1/PAR-4 cleavage and less inducible PAR-1/PAR-4 cleavage (all P<0.05). Thrombin resistance was attributable to a combination of reduced thrombin orienting receptor GPIbα, reduced secondary ADP contribution to thrombin-mediated activation, and blunted calcium flux. D-Dimer, a marker of in situ thrombin generation, correlated with platelet activation in the circulation, ex vivo thrombin resistance, and circulating inflammatory mediators (TNF [tumor necrosis factor]-α/IL-6). CONCLUSIONS Aging is associated with a distinctive platelet phenotype of increased basal activation, ADP hyperreactivity, and thrombin resistance. In situ thrombin generation associated with systemic inflammation may be novel target to prevent cardiovascular disease in the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonali R Gnanenthiran
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., M.K., L.K.).,ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Gabrielle J Pennings
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Caroline J Reddel
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Heather Campbell
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Maaike Kockx
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., M.K., L.K.).,ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre of Blood Diseases, Monash University, Victoria, Australia (J.R.H.)
| | - Vivien Chen
- ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.).,Haematology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (V.C.)
| | - Leonard Kritharides
- Cardiology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., M.K., L.K.).,ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, and University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia (S.R.G., G.J.P., C.J.R., H.C., M.K., V.C., L.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Guan X, He Y, Li Y, Shi C, Wei Z, Zhao R, Han Y, Pan L, Yang J, Hou TZ. Gremlin aggravates periodontitis via activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1589-1602. [PMID: 34993960 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gremlin has been reported to regulate inflammation and osteogenesis. Periodontitis is a destructive disease degenerating periodontal tissues, therefore leads to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Based on the importance of Gremlin's bio-activity, the aim of this study is to, in vivo and in vitro, unveil the function of Gremlin in regulating the development of periodontitis and its consequent effects on alveolar bone loss. METHODS Clinical specimens were used to determine the expression of Gremlin in periodontal tissues by immunohistochemical staining and western blot. Then utilizing the rat periodontitis model to investigate the function of gremlin-regulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway during the development of periodontal inflammation and the alveolar bone loss. Lastly, the regulation of the osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) by Gremlin under inflamed condition was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS). RESULTS We found clinically and experimentally that the expression of Gremlin is markedly increased in periodontitis tissues. Interestingly, we revealed that Gremlin regulated the progress of periodontitis via regulating the activities of NF-κB pathway and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Notably, we observed that Gremlin influenced the osteogenesis of hPDLSCs. Thus, our present study identified Gremlin as a new key regulator for development of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Our current study illustrated that Gremlin acts as a crucial mediator and possibly serves as a potential diagnostic marker for periodontitis. Discovery of new factors involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic treatment for the disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yani He
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yingxue Li
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chen Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhichen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yue Han
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lifei Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tie Zhou Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Müller II, Schneider M, Müller KAL, Lunov O, Borst O, Simmet T, Gawaz M. Protective role of Gremlin-1 in myocardial function. Eur J Clin Invest 2021; 51:e13539. [PMID: 33729579 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gremlin-1 is a cystine knot protein and is expressed in organs developing fibrosis. Transient ischaemia leads to myocardial fibrosis, a major determinant of impaired myocardial function. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of Gremlin-1 was investigated in infarcted myocardium by real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, histological and immunohistochemistry staining. We further elaborated the colocalization of Gremlin-1 and TGF-β proteins by confocal microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation experiments. The interaction between Gremlin-1 and TGF-β was analysed by photon correlation spectroscopy. Gremlin-1 modulation of the TGF-β-dependent collagen I synthesis in fibroblasts was investigated using ELISA and immunohistochemistry experiments. The effect of prolonged administration of recombinant Gremlin-1 on myocardial function following ischaemia/reperfusion was accessed by echocardiography and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Gremlin-1 is expressed in myocardial tissue and infiltrating cells after transient myocardial ischaemia (P < .05). Gremlin-1 colocalizes with the pro-fibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expressed in fibroblasts and inflammatory cell infiltrates (P < .05). Gremlin-1 reduces TGF-β-induced collagen production of myocardial fibroblasts by approximately 20% (P < .05). We found that Gremlin-1 binds with high affinity to TGF-β (KD = 54 nmol/L) as evidenced by photon correlation spectroscopy and co-immunoprecipitation. intravenous administration of m Gremlin-1-Fc, but not of equivalent amount of Fc control, significantly reduced infarct size by approximately 20%. In the m Gremlin-1-Fc group, infarct area was reduced by up to 30% in comparison with mice treated with Fc control (I/LV: 4.8 ± 1.2% vs 6.0 ± 1.2% P < .05; I/AaR: 15.2 ± 1.5% vs 21.1 ± 5%, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The present data disclose Gremlin-1 as an antagonist of TGF-β and presume a role for Gremlin-1/TGF-β interaction in myocardial remodelling following myocardial ischaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris I Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Martina Schneider
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Karin A L Müller
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Oleg Lunov
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products & Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li L, Ma Y, Geng X, Tan Z, Wang J, Cui C, Wang HL, Shang X. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio relates to poor prognosis in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:619-624. [PMID: 32301030 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-020-01555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) is a novel biomarker to predict the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. AIM The study aimed to evaluate the in-hospital outcomes of elderly patients with AMI and assessed the prognostic value of PLR on in-hospital adverse events. METHODS A total of 1,001 patients were divided into an older group (n = 560) and a younger group (n = 441) based on age ≥ 60 years and successfully underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 12 h after presentation. Total white blood cells (WBCs), neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets counts were measured at admission. RESULTS The incidence of heart rupture, acute heart failure, total adverse events, and death resulting from all events were significantly higher in patients ≥ 60 years than in younger patients, whereas the incidence of postoperative angina and reinfarction were similar between groups. Regarding blood counts, total white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and platelets were lower in the older group than in the younger group. The platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was significantly higher in the older group. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, high PLR > 147 predicted adverse events (specificity 72% and sensitivity 63%). In multiple logistic regression analysis, age, hypertension, and PLR were identified as independent predictors of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS The in-hospital outcomes of elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction were poor. PLR was an independent risk factor for in-hospital adverse events, which suggested that strong inflammation and prothrombotic status may contribute to the poor prognoses of elderly patients.
Collapse
|
6
|
Witte A, Rohlfing AK, Dannenmann B, Dicenta V, Nasri M, Kolb K, Sudmann J, Castor T, Rath D, Borst O, Skokowa J, Gawaz M. The chemokine CXCL14 mediates platelet function and migration via direct interaction with CXCR4. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:903-917. [PMID: 32239134 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvaa080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Beyond classical roles in thrombosis and haemostasis, it becomes increasingly clear that platelets contribute as key players to inflammatory processes. The involvement of platelets in these processes is often mediated through a variety of platelet-derived chemokines which are released upon activation and act as paracrine and autocrine factors. In this study, we investigate CXCL14, a newly described platelet chemokine and its role in thrombus formation as well as monocyte and platelet migration. In addition, we examine the chemokine receptor CXCR4 as a possible receptor for CXCL14 on platelets. Furthermore, with the use of artificially generated platelets derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC), we investigate the importance of CXCR4 for CXCL14-mediated platelet functions. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we showed that CXCL14 deficient platelets reveal reduced thrombus formation under flow compared with wild-type platelets using a standardized flow chamber. Addition of recombinant CXCL14 normalized platelet-dependent thrombus formation on collagen. Furthermore, we found that CXCL14 is a chemoattractant for platelets and mediates migration via CXCR4. CXCL14 promotes platelet migration of platelets through the receptor CXCR4 as evidenced by murine CXCR4-deficient platelets and human iPSC-derived cultured platelets deficient in CXCR4. We found that CXCL14 directly interacts with the CXCR4 as verified by immunoprecipitation and confocal microscopy. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal CXCL14 as a novel platelet-derived chemokine that is involved in thrombus formation and platelet migration. Furthermore, we identified CXCR4 as principal receptor for CXCL14, an interaction promoting platelet migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Witte
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Rohlfing
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dannenmann
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Valerie Dicenta
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Masoud Nasri
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kyra Kolb
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jessica Sudmann
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Castor
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Rath
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Otfried - Müller - Straße 10, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Valenzuela CA, Quintanilla R, Olate-Briones A, Venturini W, Mancilla D, Cayo A, Moore-Carrasco R, Brown NE. SASP-Dependent Interactions between Senescent Cells and Platelets Modulate Migration and Invasion of Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215292. [PMID: 31653055 PMCID: PMC6862446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in platelet aggregation are common in aging individuals and in the context of age-related pathologies such as cancer. So far, however, the effects of senescent cells on platelets have not been explored. In addition to serving as a barrier to tumor progression, cellular senescence can contribute to remodeling tissue microenvironments through the capacity of senescent cells to synthesize and secrete a plethora of bioactive factors, a feature referred to as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). As senescent cells accumulate in aging tissues, sites of tissue injury, or in response to drugs, SASP factors may contribute to increase platelet activity and, through this mechanism, generate a microenvironment that facilitates cancer progression. Using in vitro models of drug-induced senescence, in which cellular senescence was induced following exposure of mammary epithelial cells (MCF-10A and MCF-7) and gastric cancer cells (AGS) to the CDK4/6 inhibitor Palbociclib, we show that senescent mammary and gastric cells display unique expression profiles of selected SASP factors, most of them being downregulated at the RNA level in senescent AGS cells. In addition, we observed cell-type specific differences in the levels of secreted factors, including IL-1β, in media conditioned by senescent cells. Interestingly, only media conditioned by senescent MCF-10A and MCF-7 cells were able to enhance platelet aggregation, although all three types of senescent cells were able to attract platelets in vitro. Nevertheless, the effects of factors secreted by senescent cells and platelets on the migration and invasion of non-senescent cells are complex. Overall, platelets have prominent effects on migration, while factors secreted by senescent cells tend to promote invasion. These differential responses likely reflect differences in the specific arrays of secreted senescence-associated factors, specific factors released by platelets upon activation, and the susceptibility of target cells to respond to these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio A Valenzuela
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Núcleo Científico Multidisciplinario, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Ricardo Quintanilla
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | | | - Whitney Venturini
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Daniel Mancilla
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Angel Cayo
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Talca 3460000, Chile.
| | - Nelson E Brown
- Center for Medical Research, Medical School, University of Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
- Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Talca 3460000, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mezzano S, Droguett A, Lavoz C, Krall P, Egido J, Ruiz-Ortega M. Gremlin and renal diseases: ready to jump the fence to clinical utility? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2019; 33:735-741. [PMID: 28992340 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The current therapeutic strategy for the treatment of chronic kidney diseases only ameliorates disease progression. During renal injury, developmental genes are re-expressed and could be potential therapeutic targets. Among those genes reactivated in the adult damaged kidney, Gremlin is of particular relevance since recent data suggest that it could be a mediator of diabetic nephropathy and other progressive renal diseases. Earlier studies have shown that Gremlin is upregulated in trans-differentiated renal proximal tubular cells and in several chronic kidney diseases associated with fibrosis. However, not much was known about the mechanisms by which Gremlin acts in renal pathophysiology. The role of Gremlin as a bone morphogenetic protein antagonist has clearly been demonstrated in organogenesis and in fibrotic-related disorders. Gremlin binds to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) in endothelial and tubular epithelial cells. Activation of the Gremlin-VEGFR2 axis was found in several human nephropathies. We have recently described that Gremlin activates the VEGFR2 signaling pathway in the kidney, eliciting a downstream mechanism linked to renal inflammatory response. Gremlin deletion improves experimental renal damage, diminishing fibrosis. Overall, the available data identify the Gremlin-VEGFR2 axis as a novel therapeutic target for kidney inflammation and fibrosis and provide a rationale for unveiling new concepts to investigate in several clinical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Mezzano
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Alejandra Droguett
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Carolina Lavoz
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Paola Krall
- Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Jesús Egido
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital, Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, CIBERDEM, Instituto Renal Reina Sofía, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, RedinRen, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|