[Radiological features of microscopy-positive pulmonary tuberculosis in patients in the Pneumology Department at the National University Hospital, Fann, Dakar (Sénégal)]

[Epidemiologic-clinical, biological and radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes in Antananarivo, Madagascar]

Pulmonary tuberculosis is frequently associated with diabetes mellitus and, sometimes, it may present with atypical signs. The purpose of this study is to identify the epidemiological, clinical, biological and radiological features of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with diabetes versus patients without diabetes in order to improve treatment. We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study in the Department of Endocrinology and Pneumology at the Joseph Raseta Befelatanana University Hospital Center and in the Department of Respiratory Diseases at the Soavinandriana Hospital Center in Antananarivo, Madagascar. It involved patients diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis who presented a positive bacilloscopy exam from January 2018 to January 2020 (25 months). In our study, the overall prevalence of diabetes among TB patients was 20.31 %. Older age, insidious clinical course, severe biologic inflammatory syndrome, fewer caves but more systematized opacities and diffuse radiological lesions in the basal zone (more commonly unilateral right lesions) were mainly detected in patients with diabetes compared to patients without diabetes. Knowledge of signs of pulmonary TB in patients with diabetes can help health care workers to make a diagnosis, even in patients with atypical signs. Moreover, as the majority of pulmonary tuberculosis occur in patients with unstable diabetes, a good glycemic balance can certainly reduce its incidence.

A valuable computed tomography-based new diagnostic tool for severe chest lesions in active pulmonary tuberculosis: combined application of influencing factors

The objective of the present investigation was to explore the influencing factors and value of computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing severe chest lesions in active pulmonary tuberculosis (APTB). This retrospective investigation included 463 patients diagnosed with APTB. Relevant clinical features were collected. Patients were assigned to mild/moderate group or advanced group depending on the lesion severity on chest CT, severe chest CT lesion refers to the moderately dense or less diffuse lesion that exceeds the total volume of one lung, or the dense fusion lesion greater than one third of the volume of one lung, or the lesion with cavity diameter ≥4 cm. Independent risk factors for severe lesions were determined by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, and the diagnostic efficiency of the risk factors was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Chest CT demonstrated that there were 285 (61.56%) cases with severe lesions; multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed dust exposure [odds ratio (OR) = 4.108, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.416–6.986], patient classification (OR = 1.792, 95% CI 1.067–3.012), age (OR = 1.018, 95% CI 1.005–1.030), and albumin-globulin ratio (OR = 0.179, 95% CI 0.084–0.383) to be independently correlated with severe lesions on chest CT. ROC curve analysis showed the cutoff values of age, albumin-globulin ratio and combined score to be 39 years, 0.918 and −0.085, respectively. The predictive value of combined score area under the curve 0.753 (95% CI 0.708–0.798) was higher than that of any single factor. The combined score of these four factors further improved the predictive efficacy.