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A Sex-Specific Comparative Analysis of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Predicting the Risk of Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality in the General Population: A Prospective Cohort Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030690. [PMID: 36978938 PMCID: PMC10044882 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in cardiovascular (CV) disease, but current biomarkers used to predict CV events are still insufficient. In this study, we comparatively assessed the utility of redox-related biomarkers in predicting the risk of CV events and all-cause mortality in male and female subjects from the general population. Subjects (n = 5955) of the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease (PREVEND) population-based cohort study were included. Blood homocysteine, gamma-GT, HDL cholesterol, bilirubin and protein-adjusted free thiol (R-SH, sulfhydryl groups) levels were quantified at baseline and were prospectively analyzed in association with the risk of CV events and all-cause mortality. After adjustment for potentially confounding factors, protein-adjusted R-SH and homocysteine levels were significantly associated with the risk of CV events in men (HR 0.63 [0.40–0.99], p = 0.045 and HR 1.58 [1.20–2.08], p = 0.001, respectively). Protein-adjusted R-SH and HDL cholesterol levels were significantly associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in men (HR 0.52 [0.32–0.85], p = 0.009 and HR 0.90 [0.85–0.94], p < 0.001, respectively), while the same was observed for bilirubin and homocysteine levels in women (HR 0.68 [0.48–0.98], p = 0.040 and HR 2.30 [1.14–3.76], p < 0.001, respectively). Lower levels of protein-adjusted R-SH were robustly associated with an increased risk of CV events and all-cause mortality in men. Our results highlight the value of R-SH levels in cardiovascular risk assessment and their potential significance as being amenable to therapeutic intervention, while reaffirming the importance of other oxidative stress-related biomarkers, such as homocysteine, HDL cholesterol and bilirubin.
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Xiao J, You Y, Chen X, Tang Y, Chen Y, Liu Q, Liu Z, Ling W. Higher S-adenosylhomocysteine and lower ratio of S-adenosylmethionine to S-adenosylhomocysteine were more closely associated with increased risk of subclinical atherosclerosis than homocysteine. Front Nutr 2022; 9:918698. [PMID: 36034911 PMCID: PMC9399787 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.918698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To examine the relationship of C1 metabolites of the methionine cycle with the risk of subclinical atherosclerosis (SA) in the Chinese population. Methods A total of 2,991 participants aged 45–75 years old were included for data analyses based on the baseline data of the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Cohort. Three core serum methionine metabolites including serum S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), and homocysteine (Hcy) were measured by UPLC-MS/MS. SA was determined by B-mode ultrasound measured carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) at the common artery and bifurcation segments. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were performed to estimate the associations of C1 metabolites of the methionine cycle with SA risk or CIMT. Results After controlling for potential cofounders and other C1 metabolites, in comparison with the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile had lower risk of SA by 27.6% (OR = 0.724; 95% CI:0.563–0.93, Ptrend = 0.007) for SAM and 32.2% (OR = 0.678; 95% CI:0.538–0.855, Ptrend < 0.001) for SAM/SAH, while increased SA risk by 27.9% (OR = 1.279; 95% CI: 1.065–1.535, Ptrend < 0.001) for SAH. No significant association was observed for Hcy with SA after further adjustment of SAH and SAM. The results of multivariable linear regression showed similar findings. The highest two standardized coefficients were observed for SAH (β = 0.104 for CCA and 0.121 for BIF, P< 0.001) and SAM/SAH (β = −0.071 for CCA and −0.084 for BIF, P< 0.001). Subgroup analyses suggested more evident associations of SAH with SA were observed in participants of higher cardiovascular risk profiles. Conclusion Our cross-sectional data showed higher serum SAH, but lower SAM/SAH were independently associated with increased risk of SA among the Chinese middle-aged and elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghe Xiao
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiran You
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuming Chen
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaomin Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Ling
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Guangzhou, China
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3
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Elevated plasma homocysteine level is associated with poor ST-segment resolution in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention at high altitude. CARDIOLOGY PLUS 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/cp9.0000000000000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022] Open
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4
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Stadler JT, Marsche G. Dietary Strategies to Improve Cardiovascular Health: Focus on Increasing High-Density Lipoprotein Functionality. Front Nutr 2021; 8:761170. [PMID: 34881279 PMCID: PMC8646038 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.761170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with increasing incidence. A cornerstone of cardiovascular disease prevention is lifestyle modification through dietary changes to influence various risk factors such as obesity, hypertension and diabetes. The effects of diet on cardiovascular health are complex. Some dietary components and metabolites directly affect the composition and structure of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and increase anti-inflammatory and vasoprotective properties. HDLs are composed of distinct subpopulations of particles of varying size and composition that have several dynamic and context-dependent functions. The identification of potential dietary components that improve HDL functionality is currently an important research goal. One of the best-studied diets for cardiovascular health is the Mediterranean diet, consisting of fish, olive oil, fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes/nuts, and moderate consumption of alcohol, most commonly red wine. The Mediterranean diet, especially when supplemented with extra virgin olive oil rich in phenolic compounds, has been shown to markedly improve metrics of HDL functionality and reduce the burden, or even prevent the development of cardiovascular disease. Particularly, the phenolic compounds of extra virgin olive oil seem to exert the significant positive effects on HDL function. Moreover, supplementation of anthocyanins as well as antioxidants such as lycopene or the omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid improve parameters of HDL function. In this review, we aim to highlight recent discoveries on beneficial dietary patterns as well as nutritional components and their effects on cardiovascular health, focusing on HDL function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia T. Stadler
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gunther Marsche
- Division of Pharmacology, Otto Loewi Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Aryanian Z, Shojaee N, Goodarzi A, Shirzadian A, Hatami P. Influence of Narrow-Band Ultra Violet B Phototherapy on Homocysteine Status: A Prospective Study of Patients with Different Cutaneous Disorders. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2021; 39:607-611. [PMID: 34546111 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Artificial ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a mainstay in the treatment of a variety of inflammatory skin disorders. Despite existence from a wealth of studies on the impact of narrow-band UVB (NBUVB) on serum levels of nutrients, clinical data on its effect on serum homocysteine (HC) level, which is thought to be a risk factor for cardiovascular disorders, dementia, and depression, are scarce. Objective: To assess serum HC status before and after treatment with at least 30 sessions of NBUVB exposure in patients with various cutaneous disorders. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 39 patients with psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, and mycosis fungoides who underwent at least 30 sessions of NBUVB phototherapy. Serum HC was measured and compared before and after phototherapy. This study was approved by relevant ethics committee. Results: Levels of HC decreased by 24.8% after 30 sessions of NBUVB phototherapy (10.53 ± 3.64 μmol/L vs. 7.92 ± 3.26 μmol/L, p-value <0.0001) and this decrease was more prominent in male participants and patients older than 40 years. Conclusions: Based to our findings, NBUVB phototherapy might be a modality of choice especially for older male patients not only as an effective treatment for cutaneous conditions, but also as a modality with potential protective effects against cardio-cerebro-vascular accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Aryanian
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dermatology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Neda Shojaee
- Department of Dermatology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Azadeh Goodarzi
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azar Shirzadian
- Department of Dermatology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Hatami
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Razi Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Prevalence and clinical demography of hyperhomocysteinemia in Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2021; 271:759-765. [PMID: 32514603 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-020-01150-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that high homocysteine worsens the occurrence, symptoms, and prognosis of patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, clinical correlation, and demographic characteristics of hyperhomocysteinemia in Han Chinese schizophrenia patients. In this study, we enrolled 330 schizophrenia patients and 190 healthy controls. Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) was used to evaluate the psychiatric symptoms of patients with schizophrenia. The plasma homocysteine level was measured by the enzyme cycle method and the concentration of homocysteine > 15 μmol/L was defined as hyperhomocysteinemia. The prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia in Han Chinese schizophrenia patients and healthy controls was 55.05% and 26.98%, respectively. Schizophrenia patients with hyperhomocysteinemia had more male proportion, older age, higher smoking rate, lower HDL level, higher PANSS total score, and higher negative factor than those patients without hyperhomocysteinemia. Binary logical regression result showed that gender and age were the independent risk factors of hyperhomocysteinemia. Han Chinese patients with schizophrenia had high prevalence hyperhomocysteinemia than healthy controls, and elderly male patients have a higher risk of hyperhomocysteinemia. This study was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registration Center (chiCTR 1800017044).
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de Oliveira JJ, E Silva ADS, Ribeiro AGSV, Barbosa CGR, de Oliveira Silva JA, Pontes AG, Batista JPE, Pertille A. The effect of physical activity on total homocysteine concentrations and cardiovascular risk in older Brazilian adults with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2021; 20:407-416. [PMID: 34178848 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A low level of physical activity has a potential association with high levels of homocysteine, which implies an increased chance of older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the effects of physical activity on homocysteine levels have been poorly explored in the literature. Therefore, this study compared homocysteine levels and cardiovascular risk among physically active and inactive older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fifty-nine women with type 2 diabetes mellitus, between 60 and 91 years old, were evaluated. The level of physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) long version to identify active and inactive older women. Blood samples were collected and anthropometric, body composition, and blood pressure measurements were performed to determine homocysteine levels and cardiovascular risk. The results demonstrated that active older women with type 2 diabetes mellitus have lower homocysteine values (F = 17.79, p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.238), cardiovascular risk scores (F = 15.84, p = p < 0.001, ηp2 = 0.217), and waist circumferences (F = 2.95, p = 0.013, ηp2 = 0.049) when compared with inactive older women. It was concluded that there was a difference in the levels of homocysteine, cardiovascular risk, and waist circumference between active and inactive older women with type 2 diabetes. Active older women are less likely to have cardiovascular risk than inactive older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Jonas de Oliveira
- Post-graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Av. Dr. Antônio Braga Filho, 687 - Bairro Varginha, Itajubá, 37501-002 Brazil
| | - Alexandre de Souza E Silva
- Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Av. Dr. Antônio Braga Filho, 687 - Bairro Varginha, Itajubá, 37501-002 Brazil
| | | | | | - Jasiele Aparecida de Oliveira Silva
- Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Av. Dr. Antônio Braga Filho, 687 - Bairro Varginha, Itajubá, 37501-002 Brazil
| | - Annie Guimarães Pontes
- Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Av. Dr. Antônio Braga Filho, 687 - Bairro Varginha, Itajubá, 37501-002 Brazil
| | - João Paulo Estevam Batista
- Physical Education Department, Centro Universitário de Itajubá - FEPI, Av. Dr. Antônio Braga Filho, 687 - Bairro Varginha, Itajubá, 37501-002 Brazil
| | - Adriana Pertille
- Post-graduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, Universidade Metodista de Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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8
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Stojan G, Li J, Liu T, Kane MA, Petri MA. Intracellular homocysteine metabolites in SLE: plasma S-adenosylhomocysteine correlates with coronary plaque burden. Lupus Sci Med 2021; 8:8/1/e000453. [PMID: 33479047 PMCID: PMC7825256 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2020-000453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background and aims We hypothesised that intracellular homocysteine and homocysteine metabolite levels in patients with SLE are disproportionately elevated compared with the levels seen in healthy subjects and that they are independently associated with coronary plaque in SLE. Methods A liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry absolute quantification assay was used for the determination of six analytes in both plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs): homocysteine (Hcy), S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), methionine (Met), cystathionine (Cysta) and 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5m-THF). We then compared intracellular (PBMC) and extracellular (plasma) Hcy and Hcy metabolite (SAM, SAH, Met, Cysta and 5m-THF) concentrations in 10 patients with SLE and in 10 age, sex and ethnicity matched controls. Subjects with a history of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, alcohol consumption in excess of 3 units per day, anaemia, renal insufficiency (serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL) and pregnancy were excluded. All patients with SLE had two coronary CT angiography studies as screening for occult coronary atherosclerotic disease. Results Plasma from patients with SLE had higher levels of Hcy (p<0.0001), SAH (p<0.05), SAM (p<0.001) and lower levels of Met (p<0.05) and Cysta (p<0.001) compared with controls. PBMC intracellular concentrations from patients with SLE had higher levels of Cysta (p<0.05), SAH (p<0.05), SAM (p<0.001) and lower levels of 5m-THF (p<0.001). Plasma SAH showed a positive correlation with total coronary plaque, calcified plaque and non-calcified plaque (p<0.05). Conclusion Intracellular concentrations of Hcy metabolites were significantly different between patients with SLE and controls, despite similar intracellular Hcy levels. Plasma SAH was positively correlated with total coronary plaque, calcified plaque and non-calcified plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Stojan
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jessica Li
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tian Liu
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Maureen A Kane
- University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle A Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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9
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Miñana G, Gil-Cayuela C, Fácila L, Bodi V, Valero E, Mollar A, Marco M, García-Ballester T, Zorio B, Martí-Cervera J, Núñez E, Chorro FJ, Sanchis J, Núñez J. Homocysteine and long-term recurrent infarction following an acute coronary syndrome. Cardiol J 2020; 28:598-606. [PMID: 33346372 DOI: 10.5603/cj.a2020.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are no well-established predictors of recurrent ischemic coronary events after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Higher levels of homocysteine have been reported to be associated with an increased atherosclerotic burden. The primary endpoint was to assess the relationship between homocysteine at discharge and very long-term recurrent myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS 1306 consecutive patients with ACS were evaluated (862 with non-ST-segment elevation ACS [NSTEACS] and 444 with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction [STEMI]) discharged from October 2000 to June 2003 in a single teaching-center. The relationship between homocysteine at discharge and recurrent MI was evaluated through bivariate negative binomial regression accounting for mortality as a competitive event. RESULTS The mean age was 66.8 ± 12.4 years, 69.1% were men, and 32.2% showed prior diabetes mellitus. Most of the patients were admitted for an NSTEACS (66.0%). The median (interquartile range) GRACE risk score, Charlson comorbidity index, and homocysteine were 144 (122-175) points, 1 (1-2) points, and 11.9 (9.3-15.6) μmol/L, respectively. In-hospital revascularization was performed in 26.3% of patients. At a median follow-up of 9.7 (4.5-15.1) years, 709 (54.3%) deaths were registered and 779 recurrent MI in 478 (36.6%) patients. The rates of recurrent MI were higher in patients in the upper homocysteine quartiles (p < 0.001). After a multivariate adjustment, homocysteine along its continuum remained almost linearly associated with a higher risk of recurrent MI (p = 0.001) and all-cause mortality (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients with ACS, higher homocysteine levels identified those at a higher risk of recurrent MI at very long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gema Miñana
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carolina Gil-Cayuela
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiocirculatory Unit, Health Research Institute of L a Fe University Hospital (IIS L a Fe), Valencia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Fácila
- Cardiology Department, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicent Bodi
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ernesto Valero
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Mollar
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maria Marco
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Ballester
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Begoña Zorio
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Eduardo Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J Chorro
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Sanchis
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Núñez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Universitat de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER-Cardiovascular), Calle de Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Blachier F, Andriamihaja M, Blais A. Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Lipid Metabolism. J Nutr 2020; 150:2524S-2531S. [PMID: 33000164 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of methionine and cysteine in the body tissues determines the concentrations of several metabolites with various biologic activities, including homocysteine, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), taurine, and glutathione. Hyperhomocysteinemia, which is correlated with lower HDL cholesterol in blood in volunteers and animal models, has been associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. In humans, the relation between methionine intake and hyperhomocysteinemia is dependent on vitamin status (vitamins B-6 and B-12 and folic acid) and on the supply of other amino acids. However, lowering homocysteinemia by itself is not sufficient for decreasing the risk of cardiovascular disease progression. Other compounds related to methionine metabolism have recently been identified as being involved in the risk of atherosclerosis and steatohepatitis. Indeed, the metabolism of sulfur amino acids has an impact on phosphatidylcholine (PC) metabolism, and anomalies in PC synthesis due to global hypomethylation have been associated with disturbances of lipid metabolism. In addition, impairment of H2S synthesis from cysteine favors atherosclerosis and steatosis in animal models. The effects of taurine on lipid metabolism appear heterogeneous depending on the populations of volunteers studied. A decrease in the concentration of intracellular glutathione, a tripeptide involved in redox homeostasis, is implicated in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases and steatosis. Last, supplementation with betaine, a compound that allows remethylation of homocysteine to methionine, decreases basal and methionine-stimulated homocysteinemia; however, it adversely increases plasma total and LDL cholesterol. The study of these metabolites may help determine the range of optimal and safe intakes of methionine and cysteine in dietary proteins and supplements. The amino acid requirement for protein synthesis in different situations and for optimal production of intracellular compounds involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism also needs to be considered for dietary attenuation of atherosclerosis and steatosis risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francois Blachier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Anne Blais
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, 75005, Paris, France
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11
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Homocysteine is an independent predictor of long-term cardiac mortality in patients with stable coronary artery disease in the era of statins. Coron Artery Dis 2020; 31:152-156. [DOI: 10.1097/mca.0000000000000800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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12
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Chen TY, Winkelman JW, Mao WC, Yeh CB, Huang SY, Kao TW, Yang CCH, Kuo TBJ, Chen WL. Short Sleep Duration Is Associated With Increased Serum Homocysteine: Insights From a National Survey. J Clin Sleep Med 2019; 15:139-148. [PMID: 30621835 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.7588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Both short sleep duration and increased serum homocysteine levels are associated with cardiovascular events. However, research on the relationship between sleep duration and serum homocysteine levels is sparse. The aim of this study is to examine the association between sleep duration and serum homocysteine levels from a national database. METHODS In total, 4,480 eligible participants older than 20 years who had serum homocysteine data and reported sleep duration were enrolled from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2005 to 2006. The association between sleep duration and serum homocysteine levels was analyzed using multivariate regression models for covariate adjustment. RESULTS Serum homocysteine level was lowest in individuals with a sleep duration of 7 hours and increased in those with both shorter and longer self-reported total sleep time (groups were categorized into ≤ 5 hours, 6 hours, 7 hours, 8 hours, and ≥ 9 hours). After adjustment for covariates, those in the group sleeping ≤ 5 hours had significantly higher serum homocysteine levels than the reference group (sleep duration of 7 hours). In subgroup analyses by sex, body mass index (BMI), and ethnicity, the association between short sleep duration (≤ 5 hours) and higher serum homocysteine levels persisted in women, individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), and non-Hispanic whites. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted that short sleep duration was associated with higher serum homocysteine levels in women, individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), and non-Hispanic whites; this finding might suggest increased vulnerability to cardiovascular risk or other atherothrombotic events in these groups in the context of short sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - John W Winkelman
- Departments of Psychiatry and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei-Chung Mao
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Bin Yeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - San-Yuan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Wei Kao
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheryl C H Yang
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Terry B J Kuo
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Sleep Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical informatics, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Chen CYJ, Yang TC, Chang C, Lu SC, Chang PY. Homocysteine is a bystander for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: a case-control study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018; 18:33. [PMID: 29433446 PMCID: PMC5809814 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-018-0774-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Homocysteine has been long considered a risk factor for atherosclerosis. However, cardiovascular events cannot be reduced through homocysteine lowering by B vitamin supplements. Although several association studies have reported an elevation of serum homocysteine levels in cardiovascular diseases, the relationship of homocysteine with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is not well established. Methods We prospectively enrolled STEMI patients who were consecutively admitted to an intensive care unit following coronary intervention in a single medical center in Taiwan. Control subjects were individuals who presented to the outpatient or emergency department with acute chest pain but subsequently revealed patent coronary arteries by coronary arteriography. The association between serum homocysteine levels and STEMI was investigated. A culture system using human coronary artery endothelial cells was also established to examine the toxic effects of homocysteine at the cellular level. Results Patients with chest pain were divided into two groups. The STEMI group included 56 patients who underwent a primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The control group included 17 subjects with patent coronary arteries. There was no difference in serum homocysteine levels (8.4 ± 2.2 vs. 7.6 ± 1.9 μmol/L, p = 0.142). When stratifying STEMI patients by the Killip classification into higher (Killip III-IV) and lower (Killip I-II) grades, CRP (3.3 ± 4.1 vs. 1.4 ± 2.3 mg/L, p = 0.032), peak creatine kinase (3796 ± 2163 vs. 2305 ± 1822 IU/L, p = 0.023), and SYNTAX scores (20.4 ± 11.1 vs. 14.8 ± 7.6, p = 0.033) were significantly higher in the higher grades, while serum homocysteine levels were similar. Homocysteine was not correlated with WBCs, CRP, or the SYNTAX score in STEMI patients. In a culture system, homocysteine at even a supraphysiological level of 100 μmol/L did not reduce the cell viability of human coronary artery endothelial cells. Conclusions Homocysteine was not elevated in STEMI patients regardless of Killip severity, suggesting that homocysteine is a bystander instead of a causative factor of STEMI. Our study therefore supports the current notion that homocysteine-lowering strategies are not essential in preventing cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yu Julius Chen
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, 100, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Ren-Ai Road Section 1, 100, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ching Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Ren-Ai Road Section 1, 100, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Christopher Chang
- Taipei American School, 800 Chung Shan North Road Section 6, Taipei, 11152, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Chun Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Ren-Ai Road Section 1, 100, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Yuan Chang
- Cardiovascular Center and Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, 100, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No.1, Ren-Ai Road Section 1, 100, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Bjørnestad EØ, Borsholm RA, Svingen GFT, Pedersen ER, Seifert R, Midttun Ø, Ueland PM, Tell GS, Bønaa KH, Nygård O. Neopterin as an Effect Modifier of the Cardiovascular Risk Predicted by Total Homocysteine: A Prospective 2-Cohort Study. J Am Heart Assoc 2017; 6:e006500. [PMID: 29097387 PMCID: PMC5721748 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.006500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) is related to plasma neopterin, an indicator of interferon-γ-mediated immune activation, and both biomarkers positively predict cardiovascular risk. We examined whether the association between tHcy and subsequent risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was modified by systemic concentrations of neopterin and C-reactive protein among patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS AND RESULTS By Cox modeling, we explored the association between tHcy and risk of AMI in 4164 patients with suspected stable angina pectoris. Subgroup analyses were performed according to median levels of neopterin and C-reactive protein. A replication study was performed among 3749 patients with AMI at baseline. Median follow-up was 7.3 and 8.3 years among patients with stable angina pectoris and AMI, respectively. tHcy and neopterin correlated in both cohorts (rs=0.34 and rs=0.30 among stable angina pectoris and AMI patients, respectively, both P<0.001). tHcy predicted AMI in both cohorts, independent of B-vitamin treatment. However, significant risk associations were confined to patients with plasma neopterin above the median (hazard ratios [95% confidence interval] per 1-SD increment of log-transformed tHcy 1.38 [1.26-1.50] and 1.18 [1.10-1.26] among stable angina pectoris and AMI patients, respectively) (Pint<0.005 in both cohorts). Further, adding information on the interaction between tHcy and neopterin improved model discrimination and reclassification. tHcy and C-reactive protein were weakly related, and no effect modification was found by C-reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with coronary heart disease, tHcy predicted risk of AMI only in subjects with concomitantly elevated plasma neopterin. Our results motivate further research on the relationship between homocysteine metabolism, cellular immune activation, and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gard F T Svingen
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eva R Pedersen
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Reinhard Seifert
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Per M Ueland
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Grethe S Tell
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Kaare H Bønaa
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ottar Nygård
- Department of Heart Disease, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Norway
- KG Jebsen Centre for Diabetes Research, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Chasing the top quartile of cross-sectional data: Is it possible with resistance training? Med Hypotheses 2017; 108:63-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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16
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Huang X, Lv X, Song H, Yang Q, Sun Y, Zhang W, Yu X, Dong S, Yao W, Li Y, Wang Q, Wang B, Ma L, Huang G, Gao Y. The relationship between S-adenosylhomocysteine and coronary artery lesions: A case control study. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 471:314-320. [PMID: 28684218 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The role of homocysteine (Hcy) in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial, as decreased Hcy levels have not demonstrated consistent clinical benefits. Recent studies propose that S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), and not Hcy, plays a role in cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to assess the relationship between plasma SAH and coronary artery lesions. Participants (n=160; aged 40-80years) with chest pain and suspected CAD underwent coronary angiography (CAG) for assessment of coronary artery stenosis, and were assigned to either the atherosclerosis (AS) or CAD group. Plasma SAH and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) concentrations were measured and the association between coronary artery lesions and SAH was assessed. SAH levels were significantly higher in the CAD group (23.09±2.4nmol/L) than in the AS group (19.2±1.5nmol/L). While the AS group had higher values for SAM/SAH (5.1±0.7 vs. 4.1±1.1), levels of SAM, Hcy, folate, and vitamin B12 were similar in the two groups. Coronary artery lesions were associated with SAH (β=11.8 [95% CI: 5.88, 17.7, P<0.05]. Plasma SAH concentrations are independently associated with coronary artery lesions among patients undergoing coronary angiography. Plasma SAH might be a novel biomarker for the early clinical identification of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuemin Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangdong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaozhuang Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongle Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Liya Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Guowei Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxia Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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17
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Muronetz VI, Barinova KV, Stroylova YY, Semenyuk PI, Schmalhausen EV. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: Aggregation mechanisms and impact on amyloid neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 100:55-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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18
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Investigating the link between MCP-1 A-2518G, RANTES G-403A, CX3CR1 V249I and MTHFR C677T gene polymorphisms and the risk of acute myocardial infarction among Egyptians. Meta Gene 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2016.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Kundi H, Kiziltunc E, Ates I, Cetin M, Barca AN, Ozkayar N, Ornek E. Association between plasma homocysteine levels and end-organ damage in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Endocr Res 2017; 42:36-41. [PMID: 27111290 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2016.1171235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and carotid, cardiac, and renal end-organ damage in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS Newly diagnosed normotensive T2DM patients (n = 390) were enrolled in this study. The patients were not taking any medications over the duration of the study. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI), carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), and creatinine levels and 24-h microalbuminuria were used to determine cardiac, carotid, and kidney end-organ diseases, respectively. RESULTS Using univariate logistic regression analysis; age, 24-h microalbuminuria, fasting blood glucose, CIMT, creatinine level, and LVMI were found to be significantly associated with the Hcy level. When those six variables were included in a multivariate regression model, CIMT, LVMI, and creatinine were found to be significantly associated with the Hcy level. We determined that an Hcy level >12.5 µmol/L was predictive of high LVMI, with a sensitivity of 70.1% and a specificity of 68%. An Hcy level >13.5 µmol/L was predictive of high CIMT, with a sensitivity of 67.5% and a specificity of 63.1%. CONCLUSION In this study, LVMI, CIMT, and creatinine level were positively correlated with the Hcy level. We believe that the Hcy level may be a useful predictor of end-organ damage, including cardiac, carotid, and renal diseases, in newly diagnosed T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harun Kundi
- a Department of Cardiology , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Emrullah Kiziltunc
- a Department of Cardiology , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ihsan Ates
- b Department of Internal Medicine , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Mustafa Cetin
- a Department of Cardiology , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ayşe Nurdan Barca
- c Department of Radiology , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Nihal Ozkayar
- d Department of Nephrology , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Ender Ornek
- a Department of Cardiology , Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital , Ankara , Turkey
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20
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Xu B, Kong X, Xu R, Song Y, Liu L, Zhou Z, Gu R, Shi X, Zhao M, Huang X, He M, Fu J, Cai Y, Li P, Cheng X, Wu C, Chen F, Zhang Y, Tang G, Qin X, Wang B, Xue H, Chen Y, Tian Y, Sun N, Cui Y, Hou FF, Li J, Huo Y. Homocysteine and all-cause mortality in hypertensive adults without pre-existing cardiovascular conditions: Effect modification by MTHFR C677T polymorphism. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e5862. [PMID: 28225483 PMCID: PMC5569412 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000005862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies support an association between elevated total homocysteine (tHcy) levels and increased all-cause mortality. However, few prospective studies have examined this association in hypertensive patients, and/or tested any effect modification by the methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genotype. METHODS This was a post hoc analysis of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial. Serum tHcy and folate were measured at baseline. Individual MTHFR C677T genotype (CC, CT, and TT) was determined. Evidence for death included death certificates or home visits. Cumulative hazards of all-cause mortality by tHcy quartiles were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and group differences were compared by log-rank tests. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were estimated by Cox proportional-hazard regression models, adjusting for age, sex, baseline folate, vitamin B12, blood pressure, body mass index, smoking and alcohol drinking status, study center, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, creatinine, and treatment group. Potential effect modification by the MTHFR genotype on the relationship between tHcy and all-cause mortality was tested. RESULTS The analyses included 20,424 hypertensive patients (41% males) without a history of myocardial infarction or stroke. Baseline mean age (SD) was 60 ± 7.5 years and mean (SD) serum tHcy was 14.5 ± 8.4 μmol/L. After a mean follow-up period of 4.5 years, there were 612 (3%) all-cause deaths. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed a graded relationship between tHcy quartiles and all-cause mortality. The HRs, using the lowest quartile as the reference, were 1.2, 1.2, and 1.5 in Q2, Q3, and Q4, respectively. A linear trend test, using natural log-transformed tHcy, resulted in an HR of 1.5 (95% confidence interval 1.2-1.9, P < .001) after adjustment for lifestyle and health-related variables. Whereas the MTHFR genotype alone had little effect on mortality, it significantly modified the tHcy-mortality association, which was much stronger in the CC/CT genotype than in the TT genotype (P for interaction < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Among Chinese hypertensive patients without cardiovascular comorbidities, elevated tHcy was a significant risk marker for death from all causes, and the association was subject to effect modification by MTHFR genotypes. If confirmed that tHcy and MTHFR genotypes may serve as useful biomarkers for mortality risk assessment and targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
| | - Richard Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
| | - Yun Song
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Lishun Liu
- Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University
| | - Rui Gu
- Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University
| | - Xiuli Shi
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei
| | - Min Zhao
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Mingli He
- Department of Neurology, First People's Hospital, Lianyungang
| | - Jia Fu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei
| | - Yefeng Cai
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Xiaoshu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi
| | - Changyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Fang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
| | - Genfu Tang
- School of Health Administration, Anhui Medical University, Hefei
| | - Xianhui Qin
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Binyan Wang
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Hao Xue
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Yundai Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin
| | - Ningling Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University People's Hospital
| | - Yimin Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou
| | - Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing
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Hemingway H, Feder GS, Fitzpatrick NK, Denaxas S, Shah AD, Timmis AD. Using nationwide ‘big data’ from linked electronic health records to help improve outcomes in cardiovascular diseases: 33 studies using methods from epidemiology, informatics, economics and social science in the ClinicAl disease research using LInked Bespoke studies and Electronic health Records (CALIBER) programme. PROGRAMME GRANTS FOR APPLIED RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3310/pgfar05040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundElectronic health records (EHRs), when linked across primary and secondary care and curated for research use, have the potential to improve our understanding of care quality and outcomes.ObjectiveTo evaluate new opportunities arising from linked EHRs for improving quality of care and outcomes for patients at risk of or with coronary disease across the patient journey.DesignEpidemiological cohort, health informatics, health economics and ethnographic approaches were used.Setting230 NHS hospitals and 226 general practices in England and Wales.ParticipantsUp to 2 million initially healthy adults, 100,000 people with stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) and up to 300,000 patients with acute coronary syndrome.Main outcome measuresQuality of care, fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) events.Data platform and methodsWe created a novel research platform [ClinicAl disease research using LInked Bespoke studies and Electronic health Records (CALIBER)] based on linkage of four major sources of EHR data in primary care and national registries. We carried out 33 complementary studies within the CALIBER framework. We developed a web-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) in hospital chest pain clinics. We established a novel consented prognostic clinical cohort of SCAD patients.ResultsCALIBER was successfully established as a valid research platform based on linked EHR data in nearly 2 million adults with > 600 EHR phenotypes implemented on the web portal (seehttps://caliberresearch.org/portal). Despite national guidance, key opportunities for investigation and treatment were missed across the patient journey, resulting in a worse prognosis for patients in the UK compared with patients in health systems in other countries. Our novel, contemporary, high-resolution studies showed heterogeneous associations for CVD risk factors across CVDs. The CDSS did not alter the decision-making behaviour of clinicians in chest pain clinics. Prognostic models using real-world data validly discriminated risk of death and events, and were used in cost-effectiveness decision models.ConclusionsEmerging ‘big data’ opportunities arising from the linkage of records at different stages of a patient’s journey are vital to the generation of actionable insights into the diagnosis, risk stratification and cost-effective treatment of people at risk of, or with, CVD.Future workThe vast majority of NHS data remain inaccessible to research and this hampers efforts to improve efficiency and quality of care and to drive innovation. We propose three priority directions for further research. First, there is an urgent need to ‘unlock’ more detailed data within hospitals for the scale of the UK’s 65 million population. Second, there is a need for scaled approaches to using EHRs to design and carry out trials, and interpret the implementation of trial results. Third, large-scale, disease agnostic genetic and biological collections linked to such EHRs are required in order to deliver precision medicine and to innovate discovery.Study registrationCALIBER studies are registered as follows: study 2 – NCT01569139, study 4 – NCT02176174 and NCT01164371, study 5 – NCT01163513, studies 6 and 7 – NCT01804439, study 8 – NCT02285322, and studies 26–29 – NCT01162187. Optimising the Management of Angina is registered as Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN54381840.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Programme Grants for Applied Research programme (RP-PG-0407-10314) (all 33 studies) and additional funding from the Wellcome Trust (study 1), Medical Research Council Partnership grant (study 3), Servier (study 16), NIHR Research Methods Fellowship funding (study 19) and NIHR Research for Patient Benefit (study 33).
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry Hemingway
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gene S Feder
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Natalie K Fitzpatrick
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Spiros Denaxas
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Anoop D Shah
- Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adam D Timmis
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, University College London, London, UK
- Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
- Farr Institute of Health Informatics Research, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Metformin Treatment and Homocysteine: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8120798. [PMID: 27941660 PMCID: PMC5188453 DOI: 10.3390/nu8120798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review is to assess whether metformin could change the concentration of serum homocysteine (Hcy) with and without simultaneous supplementation of B-group vitamins or folic acid. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EmBase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting the concentration of serum Hcy in metformin-treated adults. Meta-analysis was applied to assess the association between metformin and the changes of Hcy concentration. Twelve publications were included in this study. In the overall analysis, metformin administration was not statistically associated with the change of Hcy when compared with the control treatment (mean difference (MD), 0.40 μmol/L; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.07~0.87 μmol/L, p = 0.10). In the subgroup analysis, metformin was significantly associated with an increased concentration of Hcy in the absence of exogenous supplementation of folic acid or B-group vitamins (MD, 2.02 μmol/L; 95% CI, 1.37~2.67 μmol/L, p < 0.00001), but with a decreased concentration of serum Hcy in the presence of these exogenous supplementations (MD, -0.74 μmol/L; 95% CI, -1.19~-0.30 μmol/L, p = 0.001). Therefore, although the overall effect of metformin on the concentration of serum Hcy was neutral, our results suggested that metformin could increase the concentration of Hcy when exogenous B-group vitamins or folic acid supplementation was not given.
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Kong X, Ma X, Zhang C, Su H, Xu D. Hyperhomocysteinemia increases the risk of chronic kidney disease in a Chinese middle-aged and elderly population-based cohort. Int Urol Nephrol 2016; 49:661-667. [PMID: 27822673 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-016-1452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients either with hyperhomocysteinemia or chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Little is known regarding whether hyperhomocysteinemia can increase the risk of CKD in a Chinese middle-aged and elderly population. To help clarify this we conducted a prospective cohort study to measure the association of hyperhomocysteinemia with CKD. METHODS A total of 5917 adults aged 56.4 ± 9.6 years without CKD at baseline were enrolled. The highest homocysteine quartile (≥15 μmol/L) was defined as hyperhomocysteinemia. CKD was defined as decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) or presence of proteinuria (urine protein ≥ 1+) assessed using a repeated dipstick method. RESULTS During 3 years of follow-up, 143 (2.4%) patients developed CKD, 85 (1.4%) patients with proteinuria and 59 (1.0%) patients with decreased eGFR. After adjusted for potential confounders, both homocysteine (per 1 μmol/L increase) and hyperhomocysteinemia were independently associated with increased risk of decreased eGFR [with a fully adjusted OR of 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.10) and 3.05 (95% CI 1.71-5.46)] and CKD [with a fully adjusted OR of 1.04 (95% CI 1.02-1.07) and 1.62 (95% CI 1.11-2.35)], respectively. By contrast, neither homocysteine (per 1 μmol/L increase) nor hyperhomocysteinemia were associated with proteinuria in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed that hyperhomocysteinemia increases the risk of decreased eGFR. This suggests that homocysteine could be considered as a useful molecular markers for delaying the development of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglei Kong
- Department of Nephrology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Department of Health Examination Center, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyin Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Yidu Central Hospital, Weifang Medical College, No. 4138, South Road of Linglong Mountain, Qingzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Nephrology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, No. 16766, Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
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The relationship between serum paraoxonase levels and carotid atherosclerotic plaque formation in Alzheimer's patients. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2016; 50:403-409. [PMID: 27546893 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Low paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and carotid atherosclerosis have been suggested to be important risk factors for dementia. However, the studies to date could not fully clarify the relationship between PON1, carotid atherosclerosis and dementia. The present study aimed to measure carotid atherosclerosis and PON1 activity in Alzheimer's Disease and to evaluate the relationship between them. The study included 25 Alzheimer's patients and 25 control subjects, for a total of 50 individuals. The study measured the serum PON1 activity and other biochemical parameters and carotid atherosclerotic plaque values of the participants. The mean paraoxonase activity (31.06±2.31U/L) was significantly lower in the Alzheimer's group compared to the control group (59.05±7.05U/L) (P<0.001). Nonetheless, the carotid plaque values were significantly higher in the patient group (3.02±0.52mm) compared to the control group (1.84±0.45mm) (P<0.001). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation (81.0%) between PON1 activity and carotid plaque in the overall study group (P<0.05). Also serum homocystein level was higher in the patient group (22.15±7.05) compared to the control group (13.30±3.32). In conclusion, our findings show inverse association between PON1 activity and carotid atherosclerosis in Alzheimer patients: the lower the PON1 activity the more progressed the atherosclerotic process in AD.
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Stroylova YY, Semenyuk PI, Asriyantz RA, Gaillard C, Haertlé T, Muronetz VI. Creation of catalytically active particles from enzymes crosslinked with a natural bifunctional agent--homocysteine thiolactone. Biopolymers 2016; 101:975-84. [PMID: 24912753 DOI: 10.1002/bip.22514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The current study describes an approach to creation of catalytically active particles with increased stability from enzymes by N-homocysteinylation, a naturally presented protein modification. Enzymatic activities and properties of two globular tetrameric enzymes glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were studied before and after N-homocysteinylation. Modification of these proteins concerns the accessible lysine residues and introduces an average of 2-2,5 homocysteine residues per protein monomer. Formation of a range of aggregates was observed for both enzymes, which assemble via formation of intermolecular noncovalent bonds and by disulfide bonds. It was demonstrated that both studied enzymes retain their catalytic activities on modification and the subsequent formation of oligomeric forms. At low concentrations of homocysteine thiolactone, modification of GAPDH leads not only to prevention of spontaneous inactivation but also increases thermal stability of this enzyme on heating to 80°C. A moderate reduction of the activity of GAPDH observed in case of its crosslinking with 50-fold excess of homocysteine thiolactone per lysine is probably caused by hindered substrate diffusion. Spherical particles of 100 nm and larger diameters were observed by transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscope techniques after modification of GAPDH with different homocysteine thiolactone concentrations. In case of LDH, branched fibril-like aggregates were observed under the same conditions. Interestingly, crosslinked samples of both proteins were found to have reversible thermal denaturation profiles, indicating that modification with homocysteine thiolactone stabilizes the spatial structure of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Y Stroylova
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234, Moscow, Russia
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Buckner SL, Loenneke JP, Loprinzi PD. Single and combined associations of accelerometer-assessed physical activity and muscle-strengthening activities on plasma homocysteine in a national sample. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2016; 37:669-674. [PMID: 26916173 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aerobic exercise and resistance training (RT) are individually associated with positive health outcomes. It has been shown that combining both aerobic and RT exercise may produce greater outcomes than each type alone. Homocysteine has been shown to decrease with aerobic and RT exercise. However, no study has examined the combined effects of both types on homocysteine, which was the purpose of this study. METHODS Data from the 2003-2006 NHANES were used. Homocysteine values were obtained from a blood sample. Accelerometer-derived physical activity (PA) was measured using accelerometry, and MSA was measured via a questionnaire. RESULTS Meeting the recommendations for accelerometer-derived PA was associated with lower homocysteine (βadjusted = -0·29; P = 0·04), as was meeting the recommendations for MSA (βadjusted = -0·30; P = 0·028). Compared to those meeting zero recommendations, there was no difference between those meeting 1 and those meeting both (P = 0·08). Further, higher homocysteine was linked with increased all-cause mortality (HR = 1·47; 95% CI: 1·29-1·69) and CVD-specific mortality (HR = 1·48; 95% CI: 1·20-1·81). CONCLUSION These results suggest that PA and MSA are associated with lower homocysteine and that there may be a dose-response relationship when combining both forms of exercise, which is an important finding as higher homocysteine is predictive of increased all-cause and CVD-specific mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel L Buckner
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Jeremy P Loenneke
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, Kevser Ermin Applied Physiology Laboratory, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
| | - Paul D Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science and Recreation Management, Center for Health Behavior Research, The University of Mississippi, University, MS, USA
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Li J, Jiang S, Zhang Y, Tang G, Wang Y, Mao G, Li Z, Xu X, Wang B, Huo Y. H-type hypertension and risk of stroke in chinese adults: A prospective, nested case-control study. J Transl Int Med 2015; 3:171-178. [PMID: 27847909 PMCID: PMC4936453 DOI: 10.1515/jtim-2015-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the independent and joint associations of hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension with incident stroke and stroke death in Chinese adults. Methods About 39,165 rural Chinese adults aged 35 years or older who had no history of stroke at the baseline study were prospectively followed to determine major cardiovascular events, with an average follow-up of 6.2 years. Using a nested case–control design, this report includes 179 incident stroke cases (121 stroke deaths) and 179 controls without vascular events from the original cohort matched by age, sex, community, and length of plasma storage. Baseline plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) measurements were obtained for all subjects. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the independent and joint associations between H-type hypertension, defined as subjects with concomitant hypertension and elevated homocysteine (≥10 μmol/L), and risk of incident stroke and stroke death, after adjusting for important covariates. Results We analyzed each risk factor independently and jointly. For analysis, homocysteine was divided into three groups: low (tHcy <10 μmol/L), moderate (≥10 μmol/L tHcy <20 μmol/L), and high (tHcy≥20μmol/L). Compared to subjects in the low group, the odds ratios (95% CI) of incident stroke for those in the moderate group and the high group were 1.7 (0.8–3.7) and 3.1 (1.2–8.6), respectively. The odds ratios (95% CI) of stroke death for the moderate and high groups were 2.8 (1.1–7.4) and 5.1 (1.6–16.4), respectively. Hypertension was also independently associated with a higher risk of incident stroke and stroke death: 3.8 (2.3–6.4) and 3.2 (1.8–6.0), respectively, compared to those without hypertension. When analyzed jointly, the highest risk was found among patients with H-type hypertensive with both hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension: 12.7 (2.8–58.0) for incident stroke and 11.7 (2.5–54.7) for stroke death. Conclusions This study provides strong evidence that hyperhomocysteinemia and hypertension are two independent, modifiable risk factors, which act additively to increase the risk of incident stroke and stroke death. The results strongly suggest that H-type hypertension is a major risk factor for vascular disease and mortality, and those with H-type hypertension may particularly benefit from homocysteine-lowering therapy along with anti-hypertension therapy in Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shanqun Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China; Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Genfu Tang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guangyun Mao
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiping Li
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiping Xu
- Institute of Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binyan Wang
- National Clinical Research Study Center for Kidney Disease; State Key Laboratory for Organ Failure Research; Renal Division, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Huo
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
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Zhao LP, You T, Chan SP, Chen JC, Xu WT. Adropin is associated with hyperhomocysteine and coronary atherosclerosis. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:1065-1070. [PMID: 26998038 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Homocysteine has been recognized as a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. Adropin is a newly-identified energy homeostasis protein with a potential protective effect against coronary artery disease (CAD). This study attempted to measure the correlation between serum homocysteine and adropin levels in patients with CAD, and to ascertain how the two hormones could affect the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. A cohort of CAD patients who had undergone coronary angiography was prospectively recruited. The serum homocysteine and adropin levels of the patients were measured and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis was quantified with the SYNTAX score. The data were analyzed with a generalized structural equation model. In total, 170 consecutive patients were recruited with a mean serum homocysteine level of 15.9±8.3 µmol/l, and 76 (44.7%) patients were identified as hyperhomocysteinemic with a serum homocysteine level >15 µmol/l. Serum homocysteine level was found to be significantly negatively correlated with serum adropin level (r=-0.169, P=0.028). Patients with hyperhomocysteinemia had lower serum adropin levels and higher SYNTAX scores than patients without hyperhomocysteinemia. Further analysis with a generalized structural equation model showed that adropin was significantly associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (adjusted odds ratio: 0.95, 95% confidence interval: 0.93 to 0.98; P=0.002), which in turn was significantly associated with the SYNTAX score (coefficient: 4.71, 95% confidence interval: 1.39 to 8.03; P=0.005). In conclusion, the serum homocysteine level was inversely correlated with the serum adropin level in patients with CAD. A low serum adropin level was associated with hyperhomocysteinemia and more severe coronary atherosclerosis, as reflected by a higher SYNTAX score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ping Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Tao You
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Siew-Pang Chan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Republic of Singapore; Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University Heart Centre Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Republic of Singapore; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Jian-Chang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Ting Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
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Senol S, Es MU, Gokmen G, Ercin O, Tuylu BA, Kargun K. Genetic polymorphisms in preoperative myocardial infarction. Asian Cardiovasc Thorac Ann 2015; 23:389-93. [PMID: 25122721 DOI: 10.1177/0218492314547724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation before undergoing to coronary artery bypass grafting, and in patients who had previously undergone coronary artery bypass grafting. METHOD Seventy patients with myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation, scheduled to undergo coronary artery bypass grafting, were included in the study group, and 70 patients who had previously undergone coronary artery bypass grafting were included in the control group. Genetic polymorphisms were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS Our data showed that there were no significant differences in plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms or allele frequencies between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were not associated risk factors in patients who had myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and planned to have coronary artery bypass grafting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Senol
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Educational and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ugur Es
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Rentip Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Gökhan Gokmen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Rentip Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ercin
- Department of Cardiology, Educational and Research Hospital, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Berrin Ayaz Tuylu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Kursat Kargun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Araujo ACPD, Santos BFDO, Calasans FR, Pinto IMF, Oliveira DPD, Melo LD, Andrade SM, Tavares IDS, Sousa ACS, Oliveira JLM. Physical Stress Echocardiography: Prediction of Mortality and Cardiac Events in Patients with Exercise Test showing Ischemia. Arq Bras Cardiol 2014; 103:418-425. [PMID: 25352460 PMCID: PMC4262103 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20140144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have demonstrated the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of physical
stress echocardiography in coronary artery disease. However, the prediction of
mortality and major cardiac events in patients with exercise test positive for
myocardial ischemia is limited. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of physical stress echocardiography in the
prediction of mortality and major cardiac events in patients with exercise test
positive for myocardial ischemia. Methods This is a retrospective cohort in which 866 consecutive patients with exercise
test positive for myocardial ischemia, and who underwent physical stress
echocardiography were studied. Patients were divided into two groups: with
physical stress echocardiography negative (G1) or positive (G2) for myocardial
ischemia. The endpoints analyzed were all‑cause mortality and major cardiac
events, defined as cardiac death and non-fatal acute myocardial infarction. Results G2 comprised 205 patients (23.7%). During the mean 85.6 ± 15.0-month follow-up,
there were 26 deaths, of which six were cardiac deaths, and 25 non-fatal
myocardial infarction cases. The independent predictors of mortality were: age,
diabetes mellitus, and positive physical stress echocardiography (hazard ratio:
2.69; 95% confidence interval: 1.20 – 6.01; p = 0.016). The independent predictors
of major cardiac events were: age, previous coronary artery disease, positive
physical stress echocardiography (hazard ratio: 2.75; 95% confidence interval:
1.15 – 6.53; p = 0.022) and absence of a 10% increase in ejection fraction.
All-cause mortality and the incidence of major cardiac events were significantly
higher in G2 (p < 0. 001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion Physical stress echocardiography provides additional prognostic information in
patients with exercise test positive for myocardial ischemia.
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Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Hummel B, Berg JT, Friedrich A, Roth HJ, Obeid R, Geisel J, Fliser D, Heine GH. S-adenosylhomocysteine is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis and renal function in a cardiovascular low-risk population. Atherosclerosis 2014; 234:17-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Jiang S, Chen Q, Venners SA, Zhong G, Hsu YH, Xing H, Wang X, Xu X. Effect of simvastatin on plasma homocysteine levels and its modification by MTHFR C677T polymorphism in Chinese patients with primary hyperlipidemia. Cardiovasc Ther 2014; 31:e27-33. [PMID: 23865383 DOI: 10.1111/1755-5922.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigate the effect of simvastatin on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and whether genetic factor affects the effect of simvastatin. METHODS A total of 338 patients with hyperlipidemia were enrolled. Simvastatin was orally administered at a dose of 20 mg/day for 8 weeks. Plasma Hcy levels were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography at baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment. Genotyping of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism was performed by TaqMan probe technique. RESULTS Serum total Hcy levels were positively correlated with serum creatinine (r = 0.332, P < 0.001). Among total subjects, simvastatin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in serum Hcy levels after 8 weeks (-0.37 ± 2.21 μmol/L, P = 0.003), and this effect was dependent on the initial levels of serum Hcy. The individuals with 677TT genotype had a significantly higher baseline Hcy level and a greater change in Hcy levels. After stratification by body mass index (BMI), we observed a significant increase in Hcy levels among the TT genotype group in adjusted model (beta±SE: 2.64 ± 0.84 μmol/L; P = 0.002) among patients with BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m(2) ). CONCLUSIONS Simvastatin can cause a marked decrease in plasma Hcy levels. MTHFR C677T genetic variant contributes to simvastatin's effects among Chinese subjects with primary hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqun Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui University, Hefei, China.
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NT-proBNP best predictor of cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality in secondary prevention in very old age: the Leiden 85-plus Study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e81400. [PMID: 24278434 PMCID: PMC3836793 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0081400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the aging population cardiovascular disease (CVD) is highly prevalent. Identification of very old persons at high risk of recurrent CVD is difficult, since traditional risk markers loose predictive value with age. METHODS In a population-based sample of 282 85-year old participants with established CVD from the Leiden 85-plus Study, we studied predictive values of traditional cardiovascular risk markers, a history of major CVD (myocardial infarction, stroke or arterial surgery), and new cardiovascular biomarkers (estimated glomerular filtration rate (MDRD), C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)) regarding 5-year risk of recurrent cardiovascular events and mortality (composite endpoint). RESULTS During complete 5-year follow-up 157 (56%) participants died. 109 (39%) had a cardiovascular event or died from cardiovascular causes. Individually related to the composite endpoint were: a history of major CVD (HR 1.5 (95%CI 1.03-2.3)), CRP (HR 1.3 (95%CI 1.03-1.5)), homocysteine (HR 1.4 (95%CI 1.2-2.6)) and NT-proBNP (HR 1.7 (95%CI 1.4-2.1)). A prediction model including all traditional risk markers yielded a C-statistic of 0.59 (95%CI 0.52-0.66). Of all five new markers only addition of NT-proBNP improved the C-statistic (0.67 (95%CI 0.61-0.74, p=0.023)). The categoryless net reclassification improvement for NT-proBNP was 39% (p=0.001), for a history of major CVD 27.2% (p=0.03) and for homocysteine 24.7% (p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Among very old subjects with established CVD, NT-proBNP was the strongest risk marker for cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality. When estimating risk in secondary prevention in very old age, use of NT-proBNP should be considered.
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Jakubowski H. The Mechanism and Consequences of Homocysteine Incorporation Into Protein in Humans. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2012.736104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hieronim Jakubowski
- a Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School , International Center for Public Health , Newark , NJ , USA
- b Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, and Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , University of Life Sciences , Poznań , Poland
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Söderström E, Eliasson M, Johnson O, Hallmans G, Weinehall L, Jansson JH, Hultdin J. Plasma folate, but not homocysteine, is associated with Apolipoprotein A1 levels in a non-fortified population. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:74. [PMID: 23697869 PMCID: PMC3679998 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) in humans is associated with cardiovascular disease but prevention trials have failed to confirm causality. Reported reasons for this association have been that homocysteine and its major genetic determinant methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) may have an effect on HDL and Apolipoprotein (Apo) A1 levels. We wanted to study if tHcy and its major determinants were correlated with Apo A1 levels in a large population without folate fortification. Methods This study was a prospective incident nested case-referent study within the Northern Sweden Health and Disease Study Cohort (NSHDSC), including 545 cases with first myocardial infarction and 1054 matched referents, median age at inclusion was 59 years. Univariate and multiple regression analyzes was used to study the associations between apolipoproteins Apo A1 and B, tHcy, folate and vitamin B12 in plasma as well as MTHFR polymorphisms 677C>T and 1298A>C. Results Apo A1 and Apo B were strongly associated with the risk of a first myocardial infarction. tHcy was not associated with Apo A1 levels. Instead, folate had an independent positive association with Apo A1 levels in univariate and multiple regression models. The associations were seen in all men and women, among referents but not among cases. MTHFR polymorphisms had no clear effect on Apo A1 levels. Conclusions Analyzing over 1500 subjects we found an independent positive association between plasma folate (major dietary determinant of tHcy) and Apo A1 levels among those who later did not develop a first myocardial infarction. No association was seen between tHcy and Apo A1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Söderström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, Umeå University, 90185 Umeå, Sweden.
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Nayak BS, Pinto Pereira LM, Seemungal T, Davis G, Teelucksingh S, Jagessar A, Legall G. Relationship of fasting total homocysteine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and features of the metabolic syndrome in Trinidadian subjects. Arch Physiol Biochem 2013; 119:22-6. [PMID: 23137347 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2012.735245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the relationship of homocysteine, hs-CRP, with known cardiovascular risk factors of the metabolic syndrome. METHOD Cross sectional study comprised 182 diabetic outpatients (70 males and 112 females), attending endocrinology clinics in Trinidad. RESULTS Both male and females showed significant linear relationships between high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), blood pressure and diabetes (r = -0.2 < R or R > 0.2). In females hs-CRP showed significant linear relationship with HDL, triglyceride, blood pressure and diabetes mellitus (p < 0.0001). The inverse relationship of hs-CRP with HDL implies the strong association of hs-CRP with metabolic syndrome. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed significant relation of hs-CRP, metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. There was no significant relationship of tHCY to any of the features studied. CONCLUSION Serum C-reactive protein is significantly related to features of the metabolic syndrome. Total plasma homocysteine, appears to be independent of both hs-CRP and features of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Nayak
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago.
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Kishk YT, Youssef AA, Bafadhl TA. Prognostic significance of high sensitivity C-reactive protein in patients with angina pectoris underwent percutaneous coronary intervention. J Saudi Heart Assoc 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsha.2012.06.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Homocysteinylated protein levels in internal mammary artery (IMA) fragments and its genotype-dependence. S-homocysteine-induced methylation modifications in IMA and aortic fragments. Mol Cell Biochem 2012; 369:235-46. [PMID: 22798153 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-012-1387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of internal mammary artery (IMA) toward atherosclerosis is not well understood. In plasma, homocysteine (Hcy) occurs in reduced, oxidized, homocysteine thiolactone and a component of proteins as a result of N- or S-homocysteinylation. We evaluated S/N-homocysteinylated protein levels in IMA fragments of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting, and whether they were affected by genetic common variants. We tested whether tHcy, Hcy-S-protein levels, genotypes or Hcy-induced methylation modifications were related to differences in iNOS, Ddah2, and eNOS gene expression between territories. A small percentage of Hcy-S-proteins were found in IMA fragments. The Mthfr C677T (rs1801133) and Pon-1 Leu55Met (rs854560) variants were associated with Hcy-S-proteins. We observed a gradual difference according to Hcy-S-protein levels in the methylation degree of the Ddah2 gene promoter in aortic, but not in IMA, fragments. No correlation between the degree of methylation and the Ddah2 gene expression levels was found in both types of analyzed fragments. Total Hcy but not Hcy-S-proteins correlated with iNOS promoter methylation. Analyzed variants seem to contribute to the in vivo Hcy binding properties to IMA. The contribution of the Hcy-derived methylation modifications to Ddah2 and eNOS gene expression seems to be tissue-specific and independent of the Ddah2/ADMA/eNOS pathway. Hcy-derived methylation modifications to the iNOS gene promoter contribute to a lesser extent to iNOS gene expression.
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Perła-Kaján J, Jakubowski H. Paraoxonase 1 and homocysteine metabolism. Amino Acids 2012; 43:1405-17. [PMID: 22643843 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-012-1321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 05/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Paraoxonase 1 (PON1), a component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is a calcium-dependent multifunctional enzyme that connects metabolisms of lipoproteins and homocysteine (Hcy). Both PON1 and Hcy have been implicated in human diseases, including atherosclerosis and neurodegeneration. The involvement of Hcy in disease could be mediated through its interactions with PON1. Due to its ability to reduce oxidative stress, PON1 contributes to atheroprotective functions of HDL in mice and humans. Although PON1 has the ability to hydrolyze a variety of substrates, only one of them-Hcy-thiolactone-is known to occur naturally. In humans and mice, Hcy-thiolactonase activity of PON1 protects against N-homocysteinylation, which is detrimental to protein structure and function. PON1 also protects against neurotoxicity associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in mouse models. The links between PON1 and Hcy in relation to pathological states such as coronary artery disease, stroke, diabetic mellitus, kidney failure and Alzheimer's disease that emerge from recent studies are the topics of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Perła-Kaján
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
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Hrira MY, Kerkeni M, Hamda BK, Chahed H, Ferchichi S, Addad F, Limam HB, Miled A. Apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and severity of coronary artery disease in Tunisian population. Cardiovasc Pathol 2012; 21:455-60. [PMID: 22425626 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between Apolipoprotein A-I, Apolipoprotein B, C-reactive protein and the severity coronary artery disease in Tunisian CAD patients has not been examined. We investigated the association between serum ApoA-I, ApoB, hs-CRP and the severity of coronary artery disease. METHODS This study was carried out on 180 patients who underwent angiography and 129 healthy controls. ApoA-I and ApoB as well as the serum total cholesterol, HDL, triglyceride, LDL and hs-CRP levels were measured. The ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was calculated. RESULTS We showed a decreased level of ApoA-I and an increased level of ApoB, ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and hs-CRP in CAD patients compared to the control group (P<.001). In addition, we showed a significant increase of ApoB, ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and hs-CRP in CAD patients presenting 0 to 3 vessels stenosis (P<.001). Multivariate analysis showed that ApoB (P<.001), and hs-CRP (P<.001) were independent predictors of the severity of CAD. CONCLUSION In this study, ApoB and hs-CRP levels were markedly associated with the severity of CAD in Tunisian patients. We suggested that synergistic effects between dyslipidemia and inflammation led to increase the risk of the severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yahia Hrira
- Laboratory of Biochemistry CHU Hached, Sousse, Tunisia; Research Unit 07/UR/06, Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, Tunisia.
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Yucel O, Karahan O, Zorlu A, Manduz S. Familial genetic risk factors in premature cardiovascular disease: a family study. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:6141-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1430-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Chai HT, Chen YL, Chung SY, Tsai TH, Yang CH, Chen HC, Sung PH, Sun CK, Chang LT, Fan CQ, Yip HK. Value and level of plasma homocysteine in patients with angina pectoris undergoing coronary angiographic study. Int Heart J 2011; 52:280-5. [PMID: 22008436 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.52.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study tested whether the plasma level of total homocysteine (tHcy) was predictive of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and clinical outcome in patients undergoing coronary angiographic (CAG) study. From September 2002 to October 2004, 1,305 consecutive patients with angina pectoris undergoing CAG study were consecutively enrolled. Blood samples were prospectively collected to assess the plasma level of tHcy from each patient before catheterization. Of these 1305 patients, 676 (51.8%) had multivessel disease (group 1), 367 (28.1%) had single-vessel disease (group 2), and 262 (20.1%) had normal coronary artery or insignificant coronary artery disease (group 3). The plasma level of tHcy was notably higher in group 1 than in groups 2 and 3 (11.6 ± 4.4 versus 10.9 ± 4.0 versus 10.4 ± 3.8, P < 0.001). Univariate binary logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the plasma tHcy level was strongly associated with multiple-vessel disease (MVD) (defined as ≥ 2 vessel disease) (P < 0.001). Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis showed that tHcy level, fasting blood sugar, diabetes mellitus, and age were significantly and independently predictive of MVD (all P < 0.03). Univariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that tHcy level was predictive of long-term mortality (P = 0.042). However, the tHcy level was not an independent predictor of long-term mortality on multivariate Cox regression analysis (P > 0.05). The results of our study support the hypothesis that tHcy level is an independent predictor of MVD in patients with chest pain undergoing CAG study. Conversely, our study did not support the tHcy level as an independent predictor of long-term mortality in this clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Tan Chai
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
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Davoodi G, Mehrabi Pari S, Rezvanfard M, Sheikh Fathollahi M, Amini M, Hakki E, Kazemisaeid A, Yaminisharif A. Glomerular filtration rate is related to severity of obstructive coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Int Urol Nephrol 2011; 44:1161-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-011-0070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Miranda-Vilela AL, Akimoto AK, Lordelo GS, Pereira LCS, Grisolia CK, Klautau-Guimarães MDN. Creatine kinase MM TaqI and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms influence exercise-induced C-reactive protein levels. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:941-50. [PMID: 21706313 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-1961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Miranda-Vilela AL, Akimoto AK, Lordelo GS, Pereira LCS, Grisolia CK, Klautau-Guimarães MDN. Creatine kinase MM TaqI and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T and A1298C gene polymorphisms influence exercise-induced C-reactive protein levels. Eur J Appl Physiol 2011; 112:183-92. [PMID: 21516340 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-011-1967-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2010] [Accepted: 04/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Physical training induces beneficial adaptations, but exhausting exercise increases reactive oxygen species, which can cause muscular injuries with consequent inflammatory processes, implying jeopardized performance and possibly overtraining. Acute strenuous exercise almost certainly exceeds the benefits of physical activity; it can compromise performance and may contribute to increased future risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in athletes. Polymorphisms in the muscle-type creatine kinase (CK-MM) gene may influence performance and adaptation to training, while many potentially significant genetic variants are reported as risk factors for CVD. Therefore, we investigated the influence of polymorphisms in CK-MM TaqI and NcoI, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T and A1298C) and C-reactive protein (CRP G1059C) genes on exercise-induced damage and inflammation markers. Blood samples were taken immediately after a race (of at least 4 km) that took place outdoors on flat tracks, and were submitted to genotyping and biochemical evaluation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), CK, CRP and high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP). CK-MM TaqI polymorphism significantly influenced results of AST, CK and hs-CRP, and an association between MTHFR C677T and A1298C with CRP level was found, although these levels did not exceed reference values. Results indicate that these polymorphisms can indirectly influence performance, contribute to higher susceptibility to exercise-induced inflammation or protection against it, and perhaps affect future risks of CVD in athletes.
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Miranda-Vilela AL, Lordelo GS, Akimoto AK, Alves PCZ, Pereira LCDS, Klautau-Guimarães MDN, Grisolia CK. Genetic polymorphisms influence runners' responses to the dietary ingestion of antioxidant supplementation based on pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.): a before-after study. GENES AND NUTRITION 2011; 6:369-95. [PMID: 21484158 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0217-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Genes have been implicated in the levels of oxidative stress, lipids, CVD risk, immune reactivity, and performance. Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense) has shown anti-inflammatory and hypotensive effects, besides reducing exercise-induced DNA, tissue damages, and anisocytosis. Given that diet can interact with the human genome to influence health and disease, and because genetic variability can influence response to diet, we aim to investigate the influence of 12 gene polymorphisms on inflammatory markers, postprandial lipids, arterial pressure, and plasma lipid peroxidation of runners (N = 125), before and after 14 days of 400 mg pequi-oil supplementation, after races under closely comparable conditions. Arterial pressure was checked before races; blood samples were taken immediately after racing to perform leukogram and plateletgram, Tbars assay, lipid, and CRP dosages and genotyping. CAT, GST-M1/T1, CRP-G1059C, and MTHFR-C677T polymorphisms influenced post-pequi-oil responses in leukogram; Hp and MTHFR-C677T, in plateletgram; Hp, ACE, GSTT1, and MTHFR-A1298C, in lipid profile; MTHFR-A1298C, in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels; and Hp and MnSOD, in Tbars assay. Differences between ACE genotypes in leukogram and total cholesterol disappeared after pequi, and the same occurred for Hp and MnSOD in Tbars assay and for MTHFR-A1298C with CRP levels. Because genetic inheritance is one of the factors that drive atherosclerosis-related lipid abnormalities, results can contribute to a greater understanding of the influence of genetic polymorphisms in situations that push up free radicals. Knowledge is also expanded on how antioxidant supplementation affects an individual's genes and how athletic genetic makeup can affect the way a person responds to antioxidant supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luisa Miranda-Vilela
- Departamento de Genética e Morfologia, Laboratório de Genética, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil,
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Vannucchi H, Melo SS. [Hyperhomocysteinemia and cardiometabolic risk]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 53:540-9. [PMID: 19768245 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302009000500007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hyperhomocysteinemia, when considered as a causal factor of vascular diseases, has been subject of much discussion. Case-control, retrospective and prospective studies have identified a relationship between high plasma concentrations of homocysteine and vascular disease. The aim of the present review was to better understand the interrelation between plasma concentrations of homocysteine and vascular diseases, as well as the involvement of classical risk factors for the disease: genetic factors, such as mutations in the genes that codify the enzymes involved in the metabolism of homocysteine, and nutritional factors, such as complex B vitamin deficiency. The publications of the main databases in health were consulted for the period 1962 to 2009. The mechanism by which hyperhomocysteinemia acts as a risk factor for vascular diseases still has not been fully clarified, but involvement of endothelial dysfunction and lipid peroxidation is suggested. The treatment of hyperhomocysteinemia is based on food supplements and medication, with folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helio Vannucchi
- Divisão de Nutrologia, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP) Av. Bandeirantes, 3.900 14049-900 - Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil.
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Lim S, Moon MK, Shin H, Kim TH, Cho BJ, Kim M, Park HS, Choi SH, Ko SH, Chung MH, Lee IK, Jang HC, Kim YB, Park KS. Effect of S-adenosylmethionine on neointimal formation after balloon injury in obese diabetic rats. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 90:383-93. [PMID: 21245056 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS The association between hyperhomocysteinaemia and cardiovascular disease has been attributed to low levels of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), a metabolic intermediate of homocysteine. However, the role of SAM in the development of restenosis has not been explored. Therefore, we investigated the effects of SAM on neointimal formation after balloon injury in obese diabetic rats and cultured cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty rats were divided into the following three groups: control (normal saline); SAM15; and SAM30 (15 and 30 mg/kg per day, respectively; n = 10 per group). SAM was administered orally from 1 week before carotid injury to 2 weeks thereafter. SAM treatment for 3 weeks caused a significant dose-dependent reduction in the intima-to-media ratio. SAM treatment significantly reduced the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and induced more apoptosis than was observed in the control group. This effect was accompanied by reduced circulating levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, reduced urine 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and increased adiponectin. Intima-to-media ratio correlated significantly with the levels of inflammatory markers, adiponectin, and 8-OHdG. In vitro experiments demonstrated that VSMC proliferation and migration and the adhesion of monocytes decreased in response to SAM. SAM treatment also reduced tumour necrosis factor-α-induced reactive oxygen species and tunicamycin-induced GRP78 expression in VSMCs. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that SAM exerts protective effects against restenosis after balloon injury in a rat model of type 2 diabetes by reducing the proliferation and inducing the apoptosis of VSMCs, modifying the inflammatory processes and reducing oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea 110-744
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