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Olanlokun JO, Owolabi AB, Odedeyi A, Oderinde SO, Bodede O, Steenkamp P, Koorbanally NA, Olorunsogo OO. Mechanism of antimalarial action and mitigation of infection-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction by phyto-constituents of Andrographis paniculata ((Burm f.) Wall. ex Nees) in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. J Ethnopharmacol 2024:118241. [PMID: 38670400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Andrographis paniculata (AP) ((Burm f.) Wall. ex Nees) is a medicinal plant, documented for its folkloric use in the treatment of malaria. AIM This study was designed to determine the potency of extract and fractions of A. paniculata (AP) as a curative both for susceptible and resistant malaria and to also determine the plant's mechanism of action. This study was also designed to determine whether AP extract and its most potent fraction will mitigate infection-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction, and to assess the phytochemical constituents of the most potent fraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS n-Hexane, dichloromethane, ethylacetate and methanol were used to partition methanol extract of A. paniculata and graded doses of these extract and fractions were used to treat mice infected with chloroquine-sensitive strain of P. berghei in curative model. The most potent fraction was used to treat mice infected with resistant (ANKA strain) P. berghei. Inhibition of hemozoin formation, reversal of mitochondrial dysfunction and antiinflammatory potentials were determined. A combination of ultraperformance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were used for chemical analysis. RESULTS Microscopy revealed that dichloromethane fraction decreased the parasite burden the most, and inhibition of the hemozoin formation is one of its mechanisms of action. Dichloromethane fraction reversed parasite-induced mitochondrial pore opening in the host, enzyme-dependent ATP hydrolysis and peroxidation of host mitochondrial membrane phospholipids as well as its antiinflammatory potentials.. The UPLC-qTOF-MS report and NMR fingerprints of the dichloromethane fraction of A. paniculata yielded fourteen compounds of which Sibiricinone C was identified from the plant for the first time. CONCLUSION Fractions of A. paniculata possess antiplasmodial effects with the dichloromethane fraction having the highest potency. The potent effect of this fraction may be attributed to the phytochemicals present because it contains terpenes implicated with antimalarial and antiinflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Oludele Olanlokun
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Adesola Bunmi Owolabi
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Aminat Odedeyi
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon Obaloluwa Oderinde
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olusola Bodede
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa
| | - Paul Steenkamp
- Centre for Plant Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa
| | | | - Olufunso Olabode Olorunsogo
- Laboratories for Biomembrane Research and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Jahan J, Joshi S, Oca IMD, Toelle A, Lopez-Yang C, Chacon CV, Beyer AM, Garcia CA, Jarajapu YP. The role of telomerase reverse transcriptase in the mitochondrial protective functions of Angiotensin-(1-7) in diabetic CD34 + cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116109. [PMID: 38458330 PMCID: PMC11007670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7) stimulates vasoprotective functions of diabetic (DB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells partly by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), increasing nitric oxide (NO) levels and decreasing TGFβ1 secretion. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) translocates to mitochondria and regulates ROS generation. Alternative splicing of TERT results in variants α-, β- and α-β-TERT, which may oppose functions of full-length (FL) TERT. This study tested if the protective functions of Ang-(1-7) or TGFβ1-silencing are mediated by mitoTERT and that diabetes decreases FL-TERT expression by inducing splicing. CD34+ cells were isolated from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of nondiabetic (ND, n = 68) or DB (n = 74) subjects. NO and mitoROS levels were evaluated by flow cytometry. TERT splice variants and mitoDNA-lesions were characterized by qPCR. TRAP assay was used for telomerase activity. Decoy peptide was used to block mitochondrial translocation (mitoXTERT). TERT inhibitor or mitoXTERT prevented the effects of Ang-(1-7) on NO or mitoROS levels in DB-CD34+ cells. FL-TERT expression and telomerase activity were lower and mitoDNA-lesions were higher in DB cells compared to ND and were reversed by Ang-(1-7) or TGFβ1-silencing. The prevalence of TERT splice variants, with predominant β-TERT expression, was higher and the expression of FL-TERT was lower in DB cells (n = 25) compared to ND (n = 30). Ang-(1-7) or TGFβ1-silencing decreased TERT-splicing and increased FL-TERT. Blocking of β-splicing increased FL-TERT and protected mitoDNA in DB-cells. The findings suggest that diabetes induces TERT-splicing in CD34+ cells and that β-TERT splice variant largely contributes to the mitoDNA oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesmin Jahan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Shrinidh Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | - Andrew Toelle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | | | | | - Andreas M Beyer
- Department of Medicine and Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | | | - Yagna Pr Jarajapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Professions, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA.
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Zhang YM, Wang GH, Xu MJ, Jin G. OGG1 prevents atherosclerosis-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through mediating DNA damage repair. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2024:CH232082. [PMID: 38363604 DOI: 10.3233/ch-232082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the role of 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) in preventing atherosclerosis-induced vascular EC injury, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the exploration of drug targets and treatment methods for atherosclerosis. METHODS Human umbilical vein cell line (EA.hy926) was treated with ox-LDL to construct an in vitro atherosclerotic cell model. pcDNA3.1-OGG1 was transfected into EA.hy926 cells to overexpress OGG1. qRT-PCR, CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, oil red O staining, ELISA, comet assay and western blot were used to evaluate the OGG1 expression, viability, apoptosis level, lipid droplet content, 8-OHdG level and DNA damage of cells in each group. RESULTS Compared with the Control group, ox-LDL stimulation of endothelial cells significantly decreased cell viability, promoted apoptosis and DNA damage, and increased intracellular levels of 8-OHdG and γH2AX, while decreasing protein levels of PPARγ, FASN, FABP4, RAD51 and POLB. However, overexpression of OGG1 can significantly inhibit ox-LDL damage to endothelial cells, promote lipid metabolism, decrease lipid droplet content, and improve DNA repair function. CONCLUSION Over-expression of OGG1 improves DNA repair. Briefly, OGG1 over-expression enhances the DNA damage repair of ECs by regulating the expression levels of γH2AX, RAD51 and POLB, thereby enhancing cell viability and reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Zhang
- Health Management Physical Examination Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Hua Wang
- Health Management Physical Examination Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao-Jun Xu
- Health Management Physical Examination Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gan Jin
- Health Management Physical Examination Center, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
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Watanabe Y, Mitomo S, Naganuma T, Nakajima A, Matsuoka S, Tahara S, Okutsu M, Nakamura S, Nakamura S. Impact of Stent Expansion Index on Stent Failure After Left Main Stenting. Am J Cardiol 2023; 205:164-172. [PMID: 37598602 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2023.07.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Impact of the stent expansion index (EXPI) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions (ULMD) has been not completely understood especially in current-generation drug-eluting stent (cDES) era. We evaluated the impact of EXPI on clinical outcomes after PCI with cDES for ULMD. We identified 342 patients treated with cDES for ULMD and postintervention intravascular ultrasound between January 2010 and December 2019. In this study, the ratio of minimum stent area (MSA) to reference vessel area at the MSA site was adopted to assess the stent expansion. We defined the patients with the first and second tertile as low-intermediate EXPI group and those with the third tertile as high EXPI group and compared the clinical outcomes between both groups. The primary end point was target lesion failure (TLF). TLF was defined as a composite of cardiac death, target lesion revascularization (TLR) ,and myocardial infarction. The MSA was located in the ostium of left anterior descending coronary artery in most cases (318 of 342 patients; 93.0%). There were no significant differences between both groups in the baseline clinical, lesion, and procedural characteristics. The high EXPI group had lower TLF rate than the low-intermediate EXPI group (10.2% vs 19.9%, log-rank p = 0.033). In conclusion, this is the first report that the higher ratio of MSA to reference vessel area at the MSA site, which was defined as stent EXPI, was associated with more favorable clinical outcomes after PCI for ULMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Watanabe
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Satoru Mitomo
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toru Naganuma
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nakajima
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsuoka
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoko Tahara
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaaki Okutsu
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nakamura
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Sunao Nakamura
- Department of interventional cardiology, Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
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Zhang X, Kang Z, Yin D, Gao J. Role of neutrophils in different stages of atherosclerosis. Innate Immun 2023; 29:97-109. [PMID: 37491844 PMCID: PMC10468622 DOI: 10.1177/17534259231189195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the first line of defense in human immunity and can be attracted to inflamed and infected sites by various chemokines. As essential players in immune processes, neutrophils theoretically play integral roles in the course of chronic inflammation-induced atherosclerosis. However, because neutrophils are rarely found in atherosclerotic lesions, their involvement in the pathophysiological progression of atherosclerosis has been largely underestimated or ignored. Recent research has revealed convincing evidence showing the presence of neutrophils in atherosclerotic lesions and has revealed neutrophil contributions to different atherosclerosis stages in mice and humans. This review describes the underlying mechanisms of neutrophils in different stages of atherosclerosis and highlights potential neutrophil-targeted therapeutic strategies relevant to atherosclerosis. An in-depth understanding of neutrophils' roles in atherosclerosis pathology will promote exploration of new methods for the prevention and treatment of atherogenesis and atherothrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhanfang Kang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dazhong Yin
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
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Farid N, Seitak A, Chan V, Lee S. Alginate-Based Oral Delivery Systems to Enhance Protection, Release, and Absorption of Catalase. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37229605 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plays an important role in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases. Catalase has great therapeutic potential by scavenging hydrogen peroxide, one of the ROSs produced in cellular metabolisms. However, in vivo application to scavenge ROS is currently limited especially in oral administrations. Here, we introduced an alginate-based oral drug delivery system that effectively protected catalase from the simulated harsh conditions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, released it in the small intestine mimicked condition, and enhanced its absorption via M cells, highly specialized epithelium cells in the small intestine. First of all, catalase was encapsulated in alginate-based microparticles with different amounts of polygalacturonic acid or pectin, which achieved an encapsulation efficiency of more than 90%. It was further shown that catalase was released from alginate-based microparticles in a pH-dependent manner. Results indicated that alginate-polygalacturonic acid microparticles (60 wt % Alg:40 wt % Gal) released 79.5 ± 2.4% of encapsulated catalase at pH 9.1 in 3 h, while they only released 9.2 ± 1.5% of encapsulated catalase at pH 2.0. Even when catalase was encapsulated in microparticles (60 wt % Alg:40 wt % Gal) and exposed to pH 2.0 followed by pH 9.1, it still retained 81.0 ± 11.3% enzyme activity compared to that in microparticles prior to the pH treatment. We then investigated the efficiency of RGD conjugation to catalase on the catalase uptake by M-like cells, the coculturing of human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma; Caco-2 cells and B lymphocyte; Raji cells. RGD-catalase protected M-cells more efficiently from the cytotoxicity of H2O2, a typical ROS. RGD conjugation to catalase enhanced the uptake by M-cells with 87.6 ± 0.8% RGD-catalase, whereas 11.5 ± 9.2% of RGD-free catalase passed across M-cells. From the results of protection, release, and absorption of model therapeutic proteins from the harsh pH conditions, alginate-based oral drug delivery systems will have numerous applications for the controlled release of drugs that are easily degradable in the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran Farid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aibobek Seitak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vincent Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa University's Center for Biotechnology, Abu Dhabi 127788, United Arab Emirates
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Tufarelli V, Colonna MA, Losacco C, Puvača N. Biological Health Markers Associated with Oxidative Stress in Dairy Cows during Lactation Period. Metabolites 2023; 13:405. [PMID: 36984846 PMCID: PMC10051964 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize and present different biological health markers in dairy cows during the lactation period. Biochemical health markers provide an indicator of how foreign chemical substances, whether external or internal, affect the animal’s health. To understand the relationship between dairy cow health issues and oxidative stress, various biomarkers of oxidative stress must be investigated. Biochemical and hematological factors play a significant role in determining the biological health markers of animals. A variety of biochemical parameters are dependent on various factors, including the animal’s breed, its age, its development, its pregnancy status, and its production status. When assessing the health of cattle, a blood test is conducted to determine the blood chemistry. To diagnose diseases in dairy animals, the blood biochemistry is necessary to determine the cause of many physiological, metabolic, and pathological problems. Observing blood alterations during pregnancy and at peak lactation may determine what factors lift oxidative stress in cows due to disturbances in feed intake and metabolic processes.
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Silvestro S, Mazzon E. Nrf2 Activation: Involvement in Central Nervous System Traumatic Injuries. A Promising Therapeutic Target of Natural Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24. [PMID: 36613649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) trauma, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and spinal cord injury (SCI), represents an increasingly important health burden in view of the preventability of most injuries and the complex and expensive medical care that they necessitate. These injuries are characterized by different signs of neurodegeneration, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuronal apoptosis. Cumulative evidence suggests that the transcriptional factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a crucial defensive role in regulating the antioxidant response. It has been demonstrated that several natural compounds are able to activate Nrf2, mediating its antioxidant response. Some of these compounds have been tested in experimental models of SCI and TBI, showing different neuroprotective properties. In this review, an overview of the preclinical studies that highlight the positive effects of natural bioactive compounds in SCI and TBI experimental models through the activation of the Nrf2 pathway has been provided. Interestingly, several natural compounds can activate Nrf2 through multiple pathways, inducing a strong antioxidant response against CNS trauma. Therefore, some of these compounds could represent promising therapeutic strategies for these pathological conditions.
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Watanabe Y, Mitomo S, Naganuma T, Takagi K, Kawamoto H, Matsuoka S, Chieffo A, Montorfano M, Nakamura S, Colombo A. The impact of chronic kidney disease severity on clinical outcomes after current generation drug-eluting stent implantation for left main distal bifurcation lesions: the Milan and New-Tokyo registry. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2022; 56:236-242. [PMID: 35799477 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2022.2084561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions (ULMD) is not fully understood in current generation drug eluting stent (cDES) era. We assessed clinical outcomes after PCI using cDES for ULMD according to CKD severity based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Design. We identified 720 consecutive patients who underwent PCI using cDES for ULMD at three high volume centers between January 2005 and December 2015. We divided those patients to the following five groups according to eGFR. Each group was defined as follows: no CKD (60 mL/min/1.73 m2 ≤ eGFR), mild CKD (45 ≤ eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2), moderate CKD (30 ≤ eGFR < 45 mL/min/1.73 m2), severe CKD (15 ≤ eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2) and hemodialysis (HD). The primary endpoint was target lesion failure (TLF) at 3 years. TLF was defined as a composite of cardiac death, target lesion revascularization (TLR) and myocardial infarction (MI). Results. TLF occurred more frequently in severe CKD and HD group compared with other three groups. Conclusions. The patients who have severe CKD or are on HD, were extremely associated with worse clinical outcomes after PCI for ULMD even with cDES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Watanabe
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoru Mitomo
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toru Naganuma
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kensuke Takagi
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kawamoto
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Matsuoka
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Alaide Chieffo
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Montorfano
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sunao Nakamura
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, New Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Antonio Colombo
- Interventional Cardiology Unit, EMO-GVM, Centro Cuore Columbus, Milan, and Villa Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM, Lugo, Italy
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Li W, Jin K, Luo J, Xu W, Wu Y, Zhou J, Wang Y, Xu R, Jiao L, Wang T, Yang G. NF-κB and its crosstalk with endoplasmic reticulum stress in atherosclerosis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:988266. [PMID: 36204587 PMCID: PMC9530249 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.988266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a common cardiovascular disease with complex pathogenesis, in which multiple pathways and their interweaving regulatory mechanism remain unclear. The primary transcription factor NF-κB plays a critical role in AS via modulating the expression of a series of inflammatory mediators under various stimuli such as cytokines, microbial antigens, and intracellular stresses. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, caused by the disrupted synthesis and secretion of protein, links inflammation, metabolic signals, and other cellular processes via the unfolded protein response (UPR). Both NF-κB and ER stress share the intersection regarding their molecular regulation and function and are regarded as critical individual contributors to AS. In this review, we summarize the multiple interactions between NF-κB and ER stress activation, including the UPR, NLRP3 inflammasome, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which have been ignored in the pathogenesis of AS. Given the multiple links between NF-κB and ER stress, we speculate that the integrated network contributes to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of AS. This review aims to provide an insight into these interactions and their underlying roles in the progression of AS, highlighting potential pharmacological targets against the atherosclerotic inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Jin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease Research and Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Liqun Jiao,
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Tao Wang,
| | - Ge Yang
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Tao Wang,
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Vilne B, Sawant A, Rudaka I. Examining the Association between Mitochondrial Genome Variation and Coronary Artery Disease. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030516. [PMID: 35328073 PMCID: PMC8953999 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Large-scale genome-wide association studies have identified hundreds of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) significantly associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). However, collectively, these explain <20% of the heritability. Hypothesis: Here, we hypothesize that mitochondrial (MT)-SNVs might present one potential source of this “missing heritability”. Methods: We analyzed 265 MT-SNVs in ~500,000 UK Biobank individuals, exploring two different CAD definitions: a more stringent (myocardial infarction and/or revascularization; HARD = 20,405), and a more inclusive (angina and chronic ischemic heart disease; SOFT = 34,782). Results: In HARD cases, the most significant (p < 0.05) associations were for m.295C>T (control region) and m.12612A>G (ND5), found more frequently in cases (OR = 1.05), potentially related to reduced cardiorespiratory fitness in response to exercise, as well as for m.12372G>A (ND5) and m.11467A>G (ND4), present more frequently in controls (OR = 0.97), previously associated with lower ROS production rate. In SOFT cases, four MT-SNVs survived multiple testing corrections (at FDR < 5%), all potentially conferring increased CAD risk. Of those, m.11251A>G (ND4) and m.15452C>A (CYB) have previously shown significant associations with body height. In line with this, we observed that CAD cases were slightly less physically active, and their average body height was ~2.00 cm lower compared to controls; both traits are known to be related to increased CAD risk. Gene-based tests identified CO2 associated with HARD/SOFT CAD, whereas ND3 and CYB associated with SOFT cases (p < 0.05), dysfunction of which has been related to MT oxidative stress, obesity/T2D (CO2), BMI (ND3), and angina/exercise intolerance (CYB). Finally, we observed that macro-haplogroup I was significantly (p < 0.05) more frequent in HARD cases vs. controls (3.35% vs. 3.08%), potentially associated with response to exercise. Conclusions: We found only spurious associations between MT genome variation and HARD/SOFT CAD and conclude that more MT-SNV data in even larger study cohorts may be needed to conclusively determine the role of MT DNA in CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiba Vilne
- Bioinformatics Lab, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Aniket Sawant
- Bioinformatics Lab, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
| | - Irina Rudaka
- Scientific Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rīga Stradiņš University, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia;
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12
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Ofosu J, Qazi IH, Fang Y, Zhou G. Use of melatonin in sperm cryopreservation of farm animals: A brief review. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 233:106850. [PMID: 34537566 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin (MT) is a potent antioxidant with useful applications in several fields. Due to the capacity to scavenge free radicals and enhance cellular endogenous antioxidant defenses, MT is widely used in sperm cryopreservation to protect against oxidative stress-induced damage in frozen-thawed sperm. In this article, there is a review of positive effects of MT supplementation in cryopreservation of sperm from domestic ruminants and swine. There is direct or indirect scavenging of free radicals, preventing lipid peroxidation (LPO), and reducing oxidative stress, therefore, protecting membrane and DNA integrity, enhancing post-thaw antioxidant and enzymatic functions to maintain mitochondrial functions and activity, and regulating ATP production and utilization leading to maintenance of sperm quality, motility, and viability. In addition, MT reportedly inhibits sperm apoptosis, potentially by enhancing sperm viability and modulating abundances of mRNA transcripts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jones Ofosu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Izhar Hyder Qazi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand 67210, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Yi Fang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Grassland Farming, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Guangbin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, and Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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13
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Abstract
The halogens chlorine (Cl2) and bromine (Br2) are highly reactive oxidizing elements with widespread industrial applications and a history of development and use as chemical weapons. When inhaled, depending on the dose and duration of exposure, they cause acute and chronic injury to both the lungs and systemic organs that may result in the development of chronic changes (such as fibrosis) and death from cardiopulmonary failure. A number of conditions, such as viral infections, coexposure to other toxic gases, and pregnancy increase susceptibility to halogens significantly. Herein we review their danger to public health, their mechanisms of action, and the development of pharmacological agents that when administered post-exposure decrease morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan R Addis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Comprehensive Cardiovascular Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Saurabh Aggarwal
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Ahmed Lazrak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Tamas Jilling
- Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Sadis Matalon
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Division of Molecular and Translational Biomedicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.,Pulmonary Injury and Repair Center, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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14
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Clayton ZS, Hutton DA, Mahoney SA, Seals DR. Anthracycline chemotherapy-mediated vascular dysfunction as a model of accelerated vascular aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 2:45-69. [PMID: 34212156 DOI: 10.1002/aac2.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide, and age is by far the greatest risk factor for developing CVD. Vascular dysfunction, including endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening, is responsible for much of the increase in CVD risk with aging. A key mechanism involved in vascular dysfunction with aging is oxidative stress, which reduces the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and induces adverse changes to the extracellular matrix of the arterial wall (e.g., elastin fragmentation/degradation, collagen deposition) and an increase in advanced glycation end products, which form crosslinks in arterial wall structural proteins. Although vascular dysfunction and CVD are most prevalent in older adults, several conditions can "accelerate" these events at any age. One such factor is chemotherapy with anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin (DOXO), to combat common forms of cancer. Children, adolescents and young adults treated with these chemotherapeutic agents demonstrate impaired vascular function and an increased risk of future CVD development compared with healthy age-matched controls. Anthracycline treatment also worsens vascular dysfunction in mid-life (50-64 years of age) and older (65 and older) adults such that endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness are greater compared to age-matched controls. Collectively, these observations indicate that use of anthracycline chemotherapeutic agents induce a vascular aging-like phenotype and that the latter contributes to premature CVD in cancer survivors exposed to these agents. Here, we review the existing literature supporting these ideas, discuss potential mechanisms as well as interventions that may protect arteries from these adverse effects, identify research gaps and make recommendations for future research.
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15
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Kim CW, Choi KC. Effects of anticancer drugs on the cardiac mitochondrial toxicity and their underlying mechanisms for novel cardiac protective strategies. Life Sci 2021; 277:119607. [PMID: 33992675 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles that play a pivotal role in the production of energy in cells, and vital to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis due to the regulation of many biochemical processes. The heart contains a lot of mitochondria because those muscles require a lot of energy to keep supplying blood through the circulatory system, implying that the energy generated from mitochondria is highly dependent. Thus, cardiomyocytes are sensitive to mitochondrial dysfunction and are likely to be targeted by mitochondrial toxic drugs. It has been reported that some anticancer drugs caused unwanted toxicity to mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction is related to aging and the onset of many diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondrial toxic mechanisms can be mainly explained concerning reactive oxygen species (ROS)/redox status, calcium homeostasis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER) stress signaling. The toxic mechanisms of many anticancer drugs have been revealed, but more studying and understanding of the mechanisms of drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity is required to develop mitochondrial toxicity screening system as well as novel cardioprotective strategies for the prevention of cardiac disorders of drugs. This review focuses on the cardiac mitochondrial toxicity of commonly used anticancer drugs, i.e., doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, cisplatin, arsenic trioxide, and cyclophosphamide, and their possible chemopreventive agents that can prevent or alleviate cardiac mitochondrial toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cho-Won Kim
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Chul Choi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Tian C, Gao L, Zucker IH. Regulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway in heart failure: Role of extracellular vesicles and non-coding RNAs. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 167:218-231. [PMID: 33741451 PMCID: PMC8096694 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The balance between pro- and antioxidant molecules has been established as an important driving force in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Chronic heart failure is associated with oxidative stress in the myocardium and globally. Redox balance in the heart and brain is controlled, in part, by antioxidant proteins regulated by the transcription factor Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which is reduced in the heart failure state. Nrf2 can, in turn, be regulated by a variety of mechanisms including circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from multiple cell types in the heart. Here, we review the role of the Nrf2 and antioxidant enzyme signaling pathway in mediating redox balance in the myocardium and the brain in the heart failure state. This review focuses on Nrf2 and antioxidant protein regulation in the heart and brain by miRNA-enriched EVs in the setting of heart failure. We discuss EV-mediated intra- and inter-organ communications especially, communication between the heart and brain via an EV pathway that mediates cardiac function and sympatho-excitation in heart failure. Importantly, we speculate how engineered EVs with specific miRNAs or antagomirs may be used in a therapeutic manner in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5880, USA
| | - Lie Gao
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5850, USA
| | - Irving H Zucker
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5850, USA.
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17
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Charkiewicz AE, Garley M, Ratajczak-Wrona W, Nowak K, Jabłońska E, Maślach D, Omeljaniuk WJ. Profile of new vascular damage biomarkers in middle-aged men with arterial hypertension. Adv Med Sci 2021; 66:185-191. [PMID: 33684644 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Normal endothelial function is important for the homeostasis of the cardiovascular (CV) system. The aim of the present study was to determine the profile of key parameters of endothelial dysfunction in middle-aged men that play a significant role in the functioning of endothelial vessels, which seems to be crucial for the early diagnosis of cardiovascular disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 53 men, 20 with hypertension (HTN), 18 with HTN and related diseases, 15 healthy controls Apart from general testing (BMI, biochemical analysis, SBP, DBP), we used the Griess reaction to assess the total amount of nitric oxide (NO), and used ELISA to verify the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrotyrosine (NT), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Furthermore, we assessed the concentration of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) using the fluorescence method. RESULTS The values of MDA, ADMA, cfDNA, and MPO observed in samples from men with HTN were determined to be higher compared to those from men without HTN. In the group of men with HTN and other concomitant cardiovascular disorders, we observed low concentrations of NO, MDA, and ADMA with high concentrations of cfDNA. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained for parameters selected for the study, should be considered by cardiologists as a prompt to include in the diagnostic profile the assessment of NO and cfDNA concentrations for risk evaluation and/or diagnosis of endothelial dysfunction in patients suffering from HTN or related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Edyta Charkiewicz
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wioletta Ratajczak-Wrona
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karolina Nowak
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ewa Jabłońska
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Dominik Maślach
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Wioleta Justyna Omeljaniuk
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
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18
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Watanabe Y, Mitomo S, Naganuma T, Chieffo A, Montorfano M, Nakamura S, Colombo A. Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Left Main Distal Bifurcation (From the Milan and New-Tokyo (MITO) Registry). Am J Cardiol 2021; 138:33-39. [PMID: 33058802 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on clinical outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is not fully understood in drug eluting stent era. We identified 512 consecutive DM patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected left main distal bifurcation lesions at New Tokyo Hospital, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and EMO-GVM Centro Cuore Columbus between January 2005 and December 2015. We analyzed according to estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Each group was defined as follows; no CKD (60 ≤ eGFR), mild CKD (45 ≤ eGFR < 60), moderate CKD (30 ≤ eGFR < 45), and severe CKD (15 ≤ eGFR < 30). The primary end point was target lesion failure (TLF) at 3 years. TLF was defined as a composite of cardiac death, target lesion revascularization, and myocardial infarction. The rate of TLF was significantly higher in the severe CKD group than that in the other groups (Adjusted HR of severe CKD relative to the others 3.64, [1.86 to 7.11], p < 0.001). Cardiac mortality was significantly higher in the severe CKD group than that in the other groups (Adjusted HR of severe CKD relative to the others 6.43, [2.19 to 18.9], p = 0.001). Target lesion revascularization rate was comparable in 4 groups (Adjusted HR of severe CKD relative to the others 1.71, [0.60 to 4.82], p = 0.31). In conclusions, in DM patients, those with severe CKD was extremely associated with worse clinical outcomes.
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19
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Hernández-Arciga U, Herrera M LG, Königsberg M, Valdez RA, Flores-Martínez JJ, Romano MC. Synergetic effects of immune challenge and stress depress cortisol, inflammatory response and antioxidant activity in fish-eating Myotis. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb234914. [PMID: 33161382 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.234914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most common tools in conservation physiology is the assessment of environmental stress via glucocorticoid measurement. However, little is known of its relationship with other stress-related biomarkers, and how the incidence of an immune challenge during long-term stress could affect an individual's overall stress response. We investigated here the relationship between basal and post-acute stress fecal cortisol metabolite (FC) with different antioxidant enzymes, oxidative damage and immune parameters in the fish-eating bat, Myotis vivesi We found that in both basal and post-stress conditions, FC was highly related with a number of antioxidant enzymes and immune parameters, but not to oxidative damage. We also assessed changes of FC through the seasons. Basal FC samples and stress reactivity after short-duration stress displayed similar levels during summer, autumn and early winter, but lower concentrations in late winter. Stress reactivity after long-duration stress was greater in summer and early winter. Finally, we tested the effect of a simultaneous exposure to a long, strong stress stimulus with an immune response stimulation by administrating adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA) after 42 h. Results showed that when both stimuli were administrated, FC concentrations, inflammation and some antioxidant activity were lowered in comparison with the control and individual administration of the challenges. Our findings support the idea that animals maintain constant basal glucocorticoid levels when living in challenging environments, but response to acute stress differs seasonally and immune defense mechanisms and stress responses might be compromised when confronted with multiple challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulalume Hernández-Arciga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-153, Ciudad de México, 04510 Mexico
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340 Mexico
| | - L Gerardo Herrera M
- Estación de Biología Chamela, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 21, San Patricio, JAL, 48980 Mexico
| | - Mina Königsberg
- Laboratorio de Bioenergética y Envejecimiento Celular, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, Ciudad de México, 09340 Mexico
| | - Ricardo A Valdez
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de México, 07360 Mexico
| | - José Juan Flores-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Sistemas de Información Geográfica, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510 Mexico
| | - Marta C Romano
- Departamento de Fisiología, Biofísica y Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Ciudad de México, 07360 Mexico
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20
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Dhanjal DS, Bhardwaj S, Sharma R, Bhardwaj K, Kumar D, Chopra C, Nepovimova E, Singh R, Kuca K. Plant Fortification of the Diet for Anti-Ageing Effects: A Review. Nutrients 2020; 12:E3008. [PMID: 33007945 PMCID: PMC7601865 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing is an enigmatic and progressive biological process which undermines the normal functions of living organisms with time. Ageing has been conspicuously linked to dietary habits, whereby dietary restrictions and antioxidants play a substantial role in slowing the ageing process. Oxygen is an essential molecule that sustains human life on earth and is involved in the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that pose certain health complications. The ROS are believed to be a significant factor in the progression of ageing. A robust lifestyle and healthy food, containing dietary antioxidants, are essential for improving the overall livelihood and decelerating the ageing process. Dietary antioxidants such as adaptogens, anthocyanins, vitamins A/D/C/E and isoflavones slow the ageing phenomena by reducing ROS production in the cells, thereby improving the life span of living organisms. This review highlights the manifestations of ageing, theories associated with ageing and the importance of diet management in ageing. It also discusses the available functional foods as well as nutraceuticals with anti-ageing potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (D.S.D.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Sonali Bhardwaj
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (D.S.D.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (R.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Kanchan Bhardwaj
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India;
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (R.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Chirag Chopra
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (D.S.D.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Reena Singh
- School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India; (D.S.D.); (S.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
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Richard SA, Kampo S, Hechavarria ME, Sackey M, Buunaaim ADB, Kuugbee ED, Anabah TW. Elucidating the Pivotal Immunomodulatory and Anti-Inflammatory Potentials of Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:4582612. [PMID: 33062720 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4582612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) are derivatives of 4-aminoquinoline compounds with over 60 years of safe clinical usage. CQ and HCQ are able to inhibit the production of cytokines such as interleukin- (IL-) 1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-17, and IL-22. Also, CQ and HCQ inhibit the production of interferon- (IFN-) α and IFN-γ and/or tumor necrotizing factor- (TNF-) α. Furthermore, CQ blocks the production of prostaglandins (PGs) in the intact cell by inhibiting substrate accessibility of arachidonic acid necessary for the production of PGs. Moreover, CQ affects the stability between T-helper cell (Th) 1 and Th2 cytokine secretion by augmenting IL-10 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Additionally, CQ is capable of blocking lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) triggered stimulation of extracellular signal-modulated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 in human PBMCs. HCQ at clinical levels effectively blocks CpG-triggered class-switched memory B-cells from differentiating into plasmablasts as well as producing IgG. Also, HCQ inhibits cytokine generation from all the B-cell subsets. IgM memory B-cells exhibits the utmost cytokine production. Nevertheless, CQ triggers the production of reactive oxygen species. A rare, but serious, side effect of CQ or HCQ in nondiabetic patients is hypoglycaemia. Thus, in critically ill patients, CQ and HCQ are most likely to deplete all the energy stores of the body leaving the patient very weak and sicker. We advocate that, during clinical usage of CQ and HCQ in critically ill patients, it is very essential to strengthen the CQ or HCQ with glucose infusion. CQ and HCQ are thus potential inhibitors of the COVID-19 cytokine storm.
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22
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Manolis AS, Manolis AA, Manolis TA, Apostolaki NE, Apostolopoulos EJ, Melita H, Katsiki N. Mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease: Current status of translational research/clinical and therapeutic implications. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:275-313. [PMID: 32959403 DOI: 10.1002/med.21732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria provide energy to the cell during aerobic respiration by supplying ~95% of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules via oxidative phosphorylation. These organelles have various other functions, all carried out by numerous proteins, with the majority of them being encoded by nuclear DNA (nDNA). Mitochondria occupy ~1/3 of the volume of myocardial cells in adults, and function at levels of high-efficiency to promptly meet the energy requirements of the myocardial contractile units. Mitochondria have their own DNA (mtDNA), which contains 37 genes and is maternally inherited. Over the last several years, a variety of functions of these organelles have been discovered and this has led to a growing interest in their involvement in various diseases, including cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction relates to the status where mitochondria cannot meet the demands of a cell for ATP and there is an enhanced formation of reactive-oxygen species. This dysfunction may occur as a result of mtDNA and/or nDNA mutations, but also as a response to aging and various disease and environmental stresses, leading to the development of cardiomyopathies and other CV diseases. Designing mitochondria-targeted therapeutic strategies aiming to maintain or restore mitochondrial function has been a great challenge as a result of variable responses according to the etiology of the disorder. There have been several preclinical data on such therapies, but clinical studies are scarce. A major challenge relates to the techniques needed to eclectically deliver the therapeutic agents to cardiac tissues and to damaged mitochondria for successful clinical outcomes. All these issues and progress made over the last several years are herein reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonis S Manolis
- First Department of Cardiology, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Niki Katsiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Bowen TS, Egginton S. Environmental stress influences mitochondrial metabolism in vascular cells: consequences for angiogenesis. Vasc Biol 2020; 1:H111-H116. [PMID: 32923962 PMCID: PMC7439850 DOI: 10.1530/vb-19-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
While the important and varied roles that vascular cells play in both health and disease is well recognised, the focus on potential therapeutic targets continually shifts as new players emerge. Here, we outline how mitochondria may be viewed as more than simply energy-generating organelles, but instead as important sentinels of metabolic health and effectors of appropriate responses to physiological challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Scott Bowen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stuart Egginton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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24
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Gormally BMG, Estrada R, McVey M, Romero LM. Beyond corticosterone: The acute stress response increases DNA damage in house sparrows. J Exp Zool A Ecol Integr Physiol 2020; 333:595-606. [PMID: 32798291 DOI: 10.1002/jez.2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Although corticosterone (Cort) has been the predominant metric used to assess acute stress in birds, it does not always accurately reflect how an animal copes with a stressor. Downstream measurements may be more reliable. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that acute increases in DNA damage could be used to assess stressor exposure. Studies have shown DNA damage increases in response to stress-related hormones in vitro; however, this has not yet been thoroughly applied in wild animals. We exposed house sparrows (Passer domesticus) to a 30- or 120-min restraint stressor and took blood samples at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min to measure Cort, DNA damage, and uric acid. Both treatments increased DNA damage and Cort, and decreased uric acid. It thus appears that DNA damage can reflect acute stressor exposure. To improve the usability of DNA damage as a metric for stress, we also tested the impacts of sample storage on DNA damage. Leaving red blood cells on ice for up to 24 hr, only slightly influenced DNA damage. Freezing blood samples for 1-4 weeks substantially increased DNA damage. These findings emphasize the importance of reducing variation between samples by assaying them together whenever possible. Overall, these results indicate that assessing DNA damage is a valid method of assessing acute stressor exposure that is suitable for both laboratory- and field-based studies; however, additional research is needed on the molecular dynamics of nucleated red blood cells, including whether and how their DNA is repaired.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rodolfo Estrada
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
| | - Mitch McVey
- Department of Biology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts
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25
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Rossman MJ, Gioscia-Ryan RA, Clayton ZS, Murphy MP, Seals DR. Targeting mitochondrial fitness as a strategy for healthy vascular aging. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 134:1491-519. [PMID: 32584404 DOI: 10.1042/CS20190559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide and aging is the primary risk factor for CVD. The development of vascular dysfunction, including endothelial dysfunction and stiffening of the large elastic arteries (i.e., the aorta and carotid arteries), contribute importantly to the age-related increase in CVD risk. Vascular aging is driven in large part by oxidative stress, which reduces bioavailability of nitric oxide and promotes alterations in the extracellular matrix. A key upstream driver of vascular oxidative stress is age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction. This review will focus on vascular mitochondria, mitochondrial dysregulation and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and discuss current evidence for prevention and treatment of vascular aging via lifestyle and pharmacological strategies that improve mitochondrial health. We will also identify promising areas and important considerations ('research gaps') for future investigation.
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26
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Alesutan I, Moritz F, Haider T, Shouxuan S, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Holfeld J, Pieske B, Lang F, Eckardt KU, Heinzmann SS, Voelkl J. Impact of β-glycerophosphate on the bioenergetic profile of vascular smooth muscle cells. J Mol Med (Berl) 2020; 98:985-997. [PMID: 32488546 PMCID: PMC7343738 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-020-01925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract In chronic kidney disease, hyperphosphatemia is a key pathological factor promoting medial vascular calcification, a common complication associated with cardiovascular events and mortality. This active pathophysiological process involves osteo-/chondrogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) via complex intracellular mechanisms that are still incompletely understood. Little is known about the effects of phosphate on the bioenergetic profile of VSMCs during the onset of this process. Therefore, the present study explored the effects of the phosphate donor β-glycerophosphate on cellular bioenergetics of VSMCs. Mitochondrial and glycolytic functions were determined utilizing extracellular flux analysis in primary human aortic VSMCs following exposure to β-glycerophosphate. In VSMCs, β-glycerophosphate increased basal respiration, mitochondrial ATP production as well as proton leak and decreased spare respiratory capacity and coupling efficiency, but did not modify non-mitochondrial or maximal respiration. β-Glycerophosphate-treated VSMCs had higher ability to increase mitochondrial glutamine and long-chain fatty acid usage as oxidation substrates to meet their energy demand. β-Glycerophosphate did not modify glycolytic function or basal and glycolytic proton efflux rate. In contrast, β-glycerophosphate increased non-glycolytic acidification. β-Glycerophosphate-treated VSMCs had a more oxidative and less glycolytic phenotype, but a reduced ability to respond to stressed conditions via mitochondrial respiration. Moreover, compounds targeting components of mitochondrial respiration modulated β-glycerophosphate-induced oxidative stress, osteo-/chondrogenic signalling and mineralization of VSMCs. In conclusion, β-glycerophosphate modifies key parameters of mitochondrial function and cellular bioenergetics in VSMCs that may contribute to the onset of phenotypical transdifferentiation and calcification. These observations advance the understanding of the role of energy metabolism in VSMC physiology and pathophysiology of vascular calcification during hyperphosphatemia. Key messages β-Glycerophosphate modifies key parameters of mitochondrial respiration in VSMCs. β-Glycerophosphate induces changes in mitochondrial fuel choice in VSMCs. β-Glycerophosphate promotes a more oxidative and less glycolytic phenotype of VSMCs. β-Glycerophosphate triggers mitochondrial-dependent oxidative stress in VSMCs. Bioenergetics impact β-glycerophosphate-induced VSMC calcification.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00109-020-01925-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Alesutan
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany. .,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Franco Moritz
- Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tatjana Haider
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Sun Shouxuan
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria
| | - Can Gollmann-Tepeköylü
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Johannes Holfeld
- University Clinic of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Burkert Pieske
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, German Heart Center Berlin (DHZB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology I, Eberhard-Karls University, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Sophie Heinzmann
- Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Voelkl
- Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Johannes Kepler University, Altenberger Strasse 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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27
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Yisireyili M, Alimujiang A, Aili A, Li Y, Yisireyili S, Abudureyimu K. Chronic Restraint Stress Induces Gastric Mucosal Inflammation with Enhanced Oxidative Stress in a Murine Model. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2020; 13:383-393. [PMID: 32440237 PMCID: PMC7210023 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s250945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the underlying mechanisms of chronic stress are still unknown, this condition has been related to the pathophysiology of gastric mucosal inflammation, whose development is accelerated by oxidative stress. The present study investigates how chronic stress influences gastric mucosal oxidative stress and inflammation. Methods Eight-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were subjected to two-week intermittent restraint stress. The expressions of CD11b (a specific for monocyte/macrophage), monocyte/macrophage cell surface markers (CD68 and F4/80), NADPH oxidase-4 (Nox-4) and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, a sensitive biomarker of oxidative stress) were determined using immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. The expressions of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, were examined by RT-PCR and Western blotting. The expressions of proinflammatory cytokines, including monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), were determined using immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively. Results Chronic stress increased the lymphocytic infiltration and inflammation within the gastric mucosa of mice. Stress remarkably increased the expression levels of CD11b and mRNA expression levels of CD68 and F4/80 in the mucosa of the stomach of stressed mice. Stress remarkably increased both mRNA and plasma concentrations of Nox-4 and 8-OHdG; and markedly reduced gastric mRNA and protein expression levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. The expressions of proinflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α) were predominantly observed in the gastric mucosal layers of the stressed mice. Furthermore, stress remarkably elevated the gastric mucosal mRNA expression levels of MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Conclusion Two weeks of restraint stress induced gastric inflammation in the murine model with enhanced oxidative stress and reduced anti-oxidative system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimaiti Yisireyili
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Aziguli Alimujiang
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Aikebaier Aili
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Salamaiti Yisireyili
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelimu Abudureyimu
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia, and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, People's Republic of China
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Negre-Salvayre A, Guerby P, Gayral S, Laffargue M, Salvayre R. Role of reactive oxygen species in atherosclerosis: Lessons from murine genetic models. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 149:8-22. [PMID: 31669759 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic and inflammatory disease of medium and large arteries, and the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves a number of risk factors and complex events including hypercholesterolemia, endothelial dysfunction, increased permeability to low density lipoproteins (LDL) and their sequestration on extracellular matrix in the intima of lesion-prone areas. These events promote LDL modifications, particularly by oxidation, which generates acute and chronic inflammatory responses implicated in atherogenesis and lesion progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (which include both free radical and non-free radical oxygen intermediates), play a key-role at each step of atherogenesis, in endothelial dysfunction, LDL oxidation, and inflammatory events involved in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis lesions. Most advanced knowledge supporting the "oxidative theory of atherosclerosis" i.e. the nature and the cellular sources of ROS and antioxidant defences, as well as the mechanisms involved in the redox balance, is based on the use of genetically engineered animals, i.e. transgenic, genetically modified, or altered for systems producing or neutralizing ROS in the vessels. This review summarizes the results obtained from animals genetically manipulated for various sources of ROS or antioxidant defences in the vascular wall, and their relevance (advance or limitation), for understanding the place and role of ROS in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Guerby
- Inserm U-1048, Université de Toulouse, France; Pôle de gynécologie obstétrique, Hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, France
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29
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Pitoulis FG, Terracciano CM. Heart Plasticity in Response to Pressure- and Volume-Overload: A Review of Findings in Compensated and Decompensated Phenotypes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:92. [PMID: 32116796 PMCID: PMC7031419 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult human heart has an exceptional ability to alter its phenotype to adapt to changes in environmental demand. This response involves metabolic, mechanical, electrical, and structural alterations, and is known as cardiac plasticity. Understanding the drivers of cardiac plasticity is essential for development of therapeutic agents. This is particularly important in contemporary cardiology, which uses treatments with peripheral effects (e.g., on kidneys, adrenal glands). This review focuses on the effects of different hemodynamic loads on myocardial phenotype. We examine mechanical scenarios of pressure- and volume overload, from the initial insult, to compensated, and ultimately decompensated stage. We discuss how different hemodynamic conditions occur and are underlined by distinct phenotypic and molecular changes. We complete the review by exploring how current basic cardiac research should leverage available cardiac models to study mechanical load in its different presentations.
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30
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Ježek P, Holendová B, Plecitá-Hlavatá L. Redox Signaling from Mitochondria: Signal Propagation and Its Targets. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E93. [PMID: 31935965 DOI: 10.3390/biom10010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Progress in mass spectroscopy of posttranslational oxidative modifications has enabled researchers to experimentally verify the concept of redox signaling. We focus here on redox signaling originating from mitochondria under physiological situations, discussing mechanisms of transient redox burst in mitochondria, as well as the possible ways to transfer such redox signals to specific extramitochondrial targets. A role of peroxiredoxins is described which enables redox relay to other targets. Examples of mitochondrial redox signaling are discussed: initiation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) responses; retrograde redox signaling to PGC1α during exercise in skeletal muscle; redox signaling in innate immune cells; redox stimulation of insulin secretion, and other physiological situations.
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31
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Wang W, Liu Y, Niu J, Lin W. Fluorescence Imaging of Mitochondria with Three Different Sets of Signals Based on Fluorene Cation Fluorescent Probe. J Fluoresc 2019; 29:1457-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-019-02451-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Trostchansky A, Moore-Carrasco R, Fuentes E. Oxidative pathways of arachidonic acid as targets for regulation of platelet activation. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2019; 145:106382. [PMID: 31634570 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2019.106382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Platelet activation plays an important role in acute and chronic cardiovascular disease states. Multiple pathways contribute to platelet activation including those dependent upon arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is released from the platelet membrane by phospholipase A2 action and is then metabolized in the cytosol by specific arachidonic acid oxidation enzymes including prostaglandin H synthase, 12-lipoxygenase, and cytochrome P450 to produce pro- and anti-inflammatory eicosanoids. This review aims to analyze the role of arachidonic acid oxidation on platelet activation, the enzymes that use it as a substrate associated as novel therapeutics target for antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Trostchansky
- Departamento de Bioquimica and Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunohematología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Programa de Investigación Asociativa en Cáncer Gástrico (PIA-CG), Universidad de Talca, Chile
| | - Eduardo Fuentes
- Thrombosis Research Center, Medical Technology School, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohaematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
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33
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Tian C, Gao L, Zhang A, Hackfort BT, Zucker IH. Therapeutic Effects of Nrf2 Activation by Bardoxolone Methyl in Chronic Heart Failure. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 371:642-651. [PMID: 31601682 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.261792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic heart failure (CHF) in many tissues. Increasing evidence suggests that systemic activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) signaling can protect against postinfarct cardiac remodeling by reducing oxidative stress. However, it remains to be elucidated if Nrf2 activation exerts therapeutic effects in the CHF state. Here, we investigated the beneficial hemodynamic effects of bardoxolone methyl (2-Cyano-3,12-dioxooleana-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid methyl ester, CDDO-Me), a pharmacological activator of Nrf2, in a rodent model of CHF. Based on echocardiographic analysis, rats at 12 weeks post-myocardial infarction (MI) were randomly split into four groups. CDDO-Me (5 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered daily for another 2 weeks in sham and CHF rats and compared with vehicle treatment. Echocardiographic and hemodynamic analysis suggest that short-term CDDO-Me administration increased stroke volume and cardiac output in CHF rats and decreased left ventricle end-diastolic pressure. Molecular studies revealed that CDDO-Me-induced cardiac functional improvement was attributed to an increase of both Nrf2 transcription and translation, and a decrease of oxidative stress in the noninfarcted areas of the heart. Furthermore, CDDO-Me reduced NF-κB binding and increased Nrf2 binding to the CREB-binding protein, which may contribute to the selective increase of Nrf2 downstream targets, including NADPH Oxidase Quinone 1, Heme Oxygenase 1, Catalase, and Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase Catalytic Subunit, and the attenuation of myocardial inflammation in CHF rats. Our findings suggest that Nrf2 activation may provide beneficial cardiac effects in MI-mediated CHF. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the leading cause of death among the aged worldwide. The imbalance between pro- and antioxidant pathways is a determinant in the pathogenesis of CHF. Systemic activation of Nrf2 and antioxidant protein signaling by bardoxolone methyl may have beneficial effects on cardiac function and result in improvements by enhancing antioxidant enzyme expression and attenuating myocardial inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Tian
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lie Gao
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Andi Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Bryan T Hackfort
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Irving H Zucker
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
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Li CY, Hao HS, Zhao YH, Zhang PP, Wang HY, Pang YW, Du WH, Zhao SJ, Liu Y, Huang JM, Wang JJ, Ruan WM, Hao T, Reiter RJ, Zhu HB, Zhao XM. Melatonin Improves the Fertilization Capacity of Sex-Sorted Bull Sperm by Inhibiting Apoptosis and Increasing Fertilization Capacitation via MT1. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3921. [PMID: 31409031 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Little information is available regarding the effect of melatonin on the quality and fertilization capability of sex-sorted bull sperm, and even less about the associated mechanism. Sex-sorted sperm from three individual bulls were washed twice in wash medium and incubated in a fertilization medium for 1.5 h, and each was supplemented with melatonin (0, 10−3 M, 10−5 M, 10−7 M, and 10−9 M). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endogenous antioxidant activity (glutathione peroxidase (GPx); superoxide dismutase (SOD); catalase (CAT)), apoptosis (phosphatidylserine [PS] externalization; mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm)), acrosomal integrity events (malondialdehyde (MDA) level; acrosomal integrity), capacitation (calcium ion [Ca2+]i level; cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP); capacitation level), and fertilization ability of the sperm were assessed. Melatonin receptor 1 (MT1) and 2 (MT2) expression were examined to investigate the involvement of melatonin receptors on sex-sorted bull sperm capacitation. Our results show that treatment with 10−5 M melatonin significantly decreased the ROS level and increased the GPx, SOD, and CAT activities of sex-sorted bull sperm, which inhibited PS externalization and MDA levels, and improved Δψm, acrosomal integrity, and fertilization ability. Further experiments showed that melatonin regulates sperm capacitation via MT1. These findings contribute to improving the fertilization capacity of sex-sorted bull sperm and exploring the associated mechanism.
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Lubec J, Smidak R, Malikovic J, Feyissa DD, Korz V, Höger H, Lubec G. Dentate Gyrus Peroxiredoxin 6 Levels Discriminate Aged Unimpaired From Impaired Rats in a Spatial Memory Task. Front Aging Neurosci 2019; 11:198. [PMID: 31417400 PMCID: PMC6684764 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Similar to humans, the normal aged rat population is not homogeneous in terms of cognitive function. Two distinct subpopulations of aged Sprague-Dawley rats can be identified on the basis of spatial memory performance in the hole-board paradigm. It was the aim of the study to reveal protein changes relevant to aging and spatial memory performance. Aged impaired (AI) and unimpaired (AU) male rats, 22-24 months old were selected from a large cohort of 160 animals; young animals served as control. Enriched synaptosomal fractions from dentate gyrus from behaviorally characterized old animals were used for isobaric tags labeling based quantitative proteomic analysis. As differences in peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) levels were a pronounced finding, PRDX6 levels were also quantified by immunoblotting. AI showed impaired spatial memory abilities while AU performed comparably to young animals. Our study demonstrates substantial quantitative alteration of proteins involved in energy metabolism, inflammation and synaptic plasticity during aging. Moreover, we identified protein changes specifically coupled to memory performance of aged rats. PRDX6 levels clearly differentiated AI from AU and levels in AU were comparable to those of young animals. In addition, it was observed that stochasticity in protein levels increased with age and discriminate between AI and AU groups. Moreover, there was a significantly higher variability of protein levels in AI. PRDX6 is a member of the PRDX family and well-defined as a cystein-1 PRDX that reduces and detoxifies hydroxyperoxides. It is well-known and documented that the aging brain shows increased active oxygen species but so far no study proposed a potential target with antioxidant activity that would discriminate between impaired and unimpaired memory performers. Current data, representing so far the largest proteomics data set in aging dentate gyrus (DG), provide the first evidence for a probable role of PRDX6 in memory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Lubec
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Roman Smidak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jovana Malikovic
- Core Unit of Biomedical Research, Division of Laboratory Animal Science and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Himberg, Austria
| | - Daniel Daba Feyissa
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Volker Korz
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Harald Höger
- Core Unit of Biomedical Research, Division of Laboratory Animal Science and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, Himberg, Austria
| | - Gert Lubec
- Department of Neuroproteomics, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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Yisireyili M, Wulamu W, Aili A, Li Y, Alimujiang A, Aipire A, Aizezi M, Zhang W, Cao Z, Mijiti A, Abudureyimu K. Chronic restraint stress induces esophageal fibrosis with enhanced oxidative stress in a murine model. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1375-1383. [PMID: 31316626 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the underlying mechanism of stress remains unknown, it has been associated with the pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux diseases, the development of which appear to be accelerated by oxidative stress and fibrosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of chronic restraint stress on esophageal oxidative stress and fibrosis, as well as the impact of oxidative stress in a murine model whereby 8-week old C57BL/6J male mice were subjected to intermittent chronic restraint stress for a two-week period. The current study demonstrated that chronic restraint stress significantly reduced the body weight of mice compared with the control group. Although chronic restraint stress did not significantly alter the levels of triglycerides or cholesterol, free fatty acid concentration was significantly increased compared with the control group. Furthermore, chronic restraint stress significantly upregulated the expression levels of several fibrotic biomarkers including collagen type I, transforming growth factor β-1, α-smooth muscle actin and SMAD-3 compared with the control group. In addition, the expression levels of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) NADPH oxidase-4 and malondialdehyde were significantly increased, while the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and heme oxygenase-1 were significantly decreased in esophageal tissue from mice in the chronic restraint stress group compared with the control group. In conclusion, chronic restraint stress may induce esophageal fibrosis by accumulating ROS and increasing fibrotic gene expression in a murine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maimaiti Yisireyili
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Wubulikasimu Wulamu
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Aikebaier Aili
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Aziguli Alimujiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Aliyeguli Aipire
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Maimaitiaili Aizezi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyi Cao
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Abulajiang Mijiti
- Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
| | - Kelimu Abudureyimu
- Research Institute of General and Minimally Invasive Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Hernia and Abdominal Wall Surgery, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830001, P.R. China
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Dudylina AL, Ivanova MV, Kalatanova AV, Kalenikova EI, Makarov VG, Makarova MN, Shumaev KB, Ruuge EK. The Generation of Superoxide Radicals by Cardiac Mitochondria and the Antioxidant Effect of the Water-Soluble Form of Ubiquinol-10. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Dreab A, Brewer MI, Bayse CA. DFT modeling of the prevention of Fe(II)-mediated redox damage by imidazole-based thiones and selones. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 193:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Wang Y, Pang L, Zhang Y, Lin J, Zhou H. Fenofibrate Improved Interstitial Fibrosis of Renal Allograft through Inhibited Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by Oxidative Stress. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2019; 2019:8936856. [PMID: 30911353 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8936856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The best treatment for end-stage renal disease is renal transplantation. However, it is often difficult to maintain a renal allograft healthy for a long time following transplantation. Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) are significant histopathologic characteristics of a compromised renal allograft. There is no effective therapy to improve renal allograft function once IF/TA sets in. Although there are many underlying factors that can induce IF/TA, the pathogenesis of IF/TA has not been fully elucidated. It has been found that epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) significantly contributes to the development of IF/TA. Oxidative stress is one of the main causes that induce EMT in renal allografts. In this study, we have used H2O2 to induce oxidative stress in renal tubular epithelial cells (NRK-52e) of rats. We also pretreated NRK-52e cells with an antioxidant (N-acetyl L-cysteine (NAC)) 1 h prior to the treatment with H2O2. Furthermore, we used fenofibrate (a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist) to treat NRK-52e cells and a renal transplant rat model. Our results reveal that oxidative stress induces EMT in NRK-52e cells, and pretreatment with NAC can suppress EMT in these cells. Moreover, fenofibrate suppresses fibrosis by ameliorating oxidative stress-induced EMT in a rat model. Thus, fenofibrate may effectively prevent the development of fibrosis in renal allograft and improve the outcome.
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Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease involving motor neuron (MN) degeneration in the spinal cord, brain stem and primary motor cortex. The existence of inflammatory processes around MN and axonal degeneration in ALS has been shown. Unfortunately, none of the successful therapies in ALS animal models has improved clinical outcomes in patients with ALS. Therefore, the detection of blood biomarkers to be used as screening tools for disease onset and progression has been an expanding research area with few advances in the development of drugs for the treatment of ALS. In this review, we will address the available data analyzing regarding the relationship of lipid metabolism and lipid derived- products with ALS. We will address the advances on the studies about the role that lipids plays at the onset, progression and lifespan extension of ALS patients.
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Real-Hohn A, Navegantes C, Ramos K, Ramos-Filho D, Cahuê F, Galina A, Salerno VP. The synergism of high-intensity intermittent exercise and every-other-day intermittent fasting regimen on energy metabolism adaptations includes hexokinase activity and mitochondrial efficiency. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202784. [PMID: 30576325 PMCID: PMC6303071 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral lipid accumulation, organ hypertrophy and a reduction in skeletal muscle strength are all signs associated with the severity of obesity-related disease. Intermittent fasting (IF) and high-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) are natural strategies that, individually, can prevent and help treat obesity along with metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases. However, the combinatorial effect of IF and HIIE on energetic metabolism is currently not well understood. We hypothesized that their combination could have a potential for more than strictly additive benefits. Here, we show that two months of every-other-day intermittent fasting regimen combined with a high-intensity intermittent exercise protocol (IF/HIIE) produced a synergistic effect, enhancing physical endurance (vs. control, HIIE and IF) and optimizing metabolic pathways of energy production in male Wistar rats. The IF/HIIE group presented enhanced glucose tolerance (vs. control, HIIE and IF), lower levels of plasma insulin (vs. control and HIIE), and a global activation of low Km hexokinases in liver (vs. control, HIIE and IF), heart (vs. control and HIIE) and skeletal muscle (vs. control, HIIE and IF). The IF/HIIE synergism, rather than a simply additive effect, is evidenced by increase in muscle mass and cross-section area, activation of the FoF1 ATP synthase, and the gain of characteristics suggestive of augmented mitochondrial mass and efficiency observed in this group. Finally, important reductions in plasma oxidative stress markers were present preferentially in IF/HIIE group. These findings provide new insights for the implementation of non-pharmaceutical strategies to prevent/treat metabolic syndrome and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Real-Hohn
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail: (VPS); (ARH)
| | - Clarice Navegantes
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Molecular Motors, Bioscience Department, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Katia Ramos
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Molecular Motors, Bioscience Department, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Dionisio Ramos-Filho
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fábio Cahuê
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Molecular Motors, Bioscience Department, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Antonio Galina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics and Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Verônica P. Salerno
- Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Molecular Motors, Bioscience Department, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (VPS); (ARH)
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Zeb A, Akbar A. Ellagic Acid Suppresses the Oxidative Stress Induced by Dietary-Oxidized Tallow. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2018; 2018:7408370. [PMID: 30581536 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7408370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Dietary tallow was thermally oxidized at 180°C in an open fryer. The oxidized tallow (OT) and unoxidized tallow were characterized for oxidation parameters and fatty acid composition using GC-MS. Tallow samples were fed to rabbits along with 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg/day of ellagic acid (EA) for three weeks. Results revealed that the peroxide value (PV) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) significantly increased, while radical scavenging activity (RSA) of the tallow decreased significantly with oxidation. GC-MS analysis showed eight fatty acids in the tallow samples, where palmitic acid (48.5-49.7 g/100 g), linoleic acid (18.7-23.7 g/100 g), stearic acid (13.5-15.6 g/100 g), and margaric acid (6.32-6.42 g/100 g) were the major fatty acids. Animal studies showed that oxidized tallow (OT) alone or in combination with EA significantly altered the body weight of the rabbits. Serum biochemical parameters and renal function tests were affected by OT and ameliorated by EA. The toxic effects of OT on haematological indices were minimized by EA. The supplementation of OT alone had significant effects on the liver structure and functions. The coadministration of EA reduced the toxic properties of OT on the liver, by increasing the antioxidant (GSH) system. The rabbit heart was also affected by the OT, which was ameliorated by EA supplementation. These results suggested that the supplementation of EA was beneficial against the OT-induced oxidative stress and may be considered for foods containing oxidized lipids.
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Gallo G, Pierelli G, Forte M, Coluccia R, Volpe M, Rubattu S. Role of oxidative stress in the process of vascular remodeling following coronary revascularization. Int J Cardiol 2018; 268:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria are the energetic, metabolic, redox, and information signaling centers of the cell. Substrate pressure, mitochondrial network dynamics, and cristae morphology state are integrated by the protonmotive force Δp or its potential component, ΔΨ, which are attenuated by proton backflux into the matrix, termed uncoupling. The mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCP1-5) play an eminent role in the regulation of each of the mentioned aspects, being involved in numerous physiological events including redox signaling. Recent Advances: UCP2 structure, including purine nucleotide and fatty acid (FA) binding sites, strongly support the FA cycling mechanism: UCP2 expels FA anions, whereas uncoupling is achieved by the membrane backflux of protonated FA. Nascent FAs, cleaved by phospholipases, are preferential. The resulting Δp dissipation decreases superoxide formation dependent on Δp. UCP-mediated antioxidant protection and its impairment are expected to play a major role in cell physiology and pathology. Moreover, UCP2-mediated aspartate, oxaloacetate, and malate antiport with phosphate is expected to alter metabolism of cancer cells. CRITICAL ISSUES A wide range of UCP antioxidant effects and participations in redox signaling have been reported; however, mechanisms of UCP activation are still debated. Switching off/on the UCP2 protonophoretic function might serve as redox signaling either by employing/releasing the extra capacity of cell antioxidant systems or by directly increasing/decreasing mitochondrial superoxide sources. Rapid UCP2 degradation, FA levels, elevation of purine nucleotides, decreased Mg2+, or increased pyruvate accumulation may initiate UCP-mediated redox signaling. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Issues such as UCP2 participation in glucose sensing, neuronal (synaptic) function, and immune cell activation should be elucidated. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 667-714.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Ježek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Blanka Holendová
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Keith D Garlid
- 2 UCLA Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA , Los Angeles, California
| | - Martin Jabůrek
- 1 Department of Mitochondrial Physiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague, Czech Republic
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Anupama N, Sindhu G, Raghu KG. Significance of mitochondria on cardiometabolic syndromes. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2018; 32:346-356. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nair Anupama
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division; CSIR -National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST); Industrial estate P.O., Pappanamcode Thiruvananthapuram 695019 Kerala India
| | - Ganapathy Sindhu
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division; CSIR -National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST); Industrial estate P.O., Pappanamcode Thiruvananthapuram 695019 Kerala India
| | - Kozhiparambil Gopalan Raghu
- Agroprocessing and Technology Division; CSIR -National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST); Industrial estate P.O., Pappanamcode Thiruvananthapuram 695019 Kerala India
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Sundquist K, Ahmad A, Svensson PJ, Zöller B, Sundquist J, Memon AA. Polymorphisms in PARK2 and MRPL37 are associated with higher risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism in a sex-specific manner. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2018; 46:154-65. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-018-1662-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Cui X, Fu Z, Wang M, Nan X, Zhang B. Pitavastatin treatment induces neuroprotection through the BDNF-TrkB signalling pathway in cultured cerebral neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Neurol Res 2018; 40:391-397. [PMID: 29544396 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1447318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Along with their lipid-lowering effect, statins have been reported to have neuroprotective function in both in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases. We conducted this study in order to uncover the he neuroprotective effect of the lipophilic statin pitavastatin (PTV) and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms using primary cultured cerebral neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). METHODS The primary cultured cerebral neurons were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group, the pitavastatin treatment group, the OGD group and the OGD + pitavastatin treatment group. The pitavastatin's concentration were set as follows: 1μM, 15μM, 30μM. After 3 hours OGD treatment, we use MTT method to assessment cell viability, immunofluorescence to observe neuron morphology and western blot method analysis the BDNF, TrkB. RESULTS PTV at concentrations of 1 μM and 15 μM elevated the survival rate of cortical neurons exposed to OGD, whereas 30 μM PTV did not show such an effect. Moreover, PTV promoted neuronal dendrite growth at concentrations of 1 μM and 15 μM. Increased expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were observed in both of the following two scenarios: when neurons were treated with PTV for 48 hours and when PTV was added after the OGD procedure. CONCLUSION Pitavastatin treatment induces neuroprotection in cultured cerebral neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation this neuroprotection induced by PTV involves the BDNF-TrkB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Cui
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Zhenqiang Fu
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Menghan Wang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Xiaofei Nan
- c School of Information and Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Boai Zhang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.,b Institute of Clinical Medical Research , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
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Tian C, Gao L, Zimmerman MC, Zucker IH. Myocardial infarction-induced microRNA-enriched exosomes contribute to cardiac Nrf2 dysregulation in chronic heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H928-H939. [PMID: 29373037 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00602.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between the synthesis of reactive oxygen species and their elimination by antioxidant defense systems results in macromolecular damage and disruption of cellular redox signaling, affecting cardiac structure and function, thus contributing to contractile dysfunction, myocardial hypertrophy, and fibrosis in chronic heart failure [chronic heart failure (CHF)]. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is an important antioxidant defense mechanism and is closely associated with oxidative stress-mediated cardiac remodeling in CHF. In the present study, we investigated the regulation of myocardial Nrf2 in the postmyocardial infarction (post-MI) state. Six weeks post-MI, Nrf2 protein was downregulated in the heart, resulting in a decrease of Nrf2-targeted antioxidant enzymes, whereas paradoxically the transcription of Nrf2 was increased, suggesting that translational inhibition of Nrf2 may contribute to the dysregulation in CHF. We therefore hypothesized that microRNAs may be involved in the translational repression of Nrf2 mRNA in the setting of CHF. Using quantitative real-time PCR analysis, we found that three microRNAs, including microRNA-27a, microRNA-28-3p, and microRNA-34a, were highly expressed in the left ventricle of infarcted hearts compared with other organs. Furthermore, in vitro analysis revealed that cultured cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts expressed these three microRNAs in response to TNF-α stimulation. These microRNAs were preferentially incorporated into exosomes and secreted into the extracellular space in which microRNA-enriched exosomes mediated intercellular communication and Nrf2 dysregulation. Taken together, these results suggest that increased local microRNAs induced by MI may contribute to oxidative stress by the inhibition of Nrf2 translation in CHF. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The results of this work provide a novel mechanism mediated by microRNA-enriched exosomes, contributing to the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 dysregulation and subsequent oxidative stress. Importantly, these new findings will provide a promising strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy through targeting nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-related microRNAs in the chronic heart failure state, which show potentially clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhai Tian
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Lie Gao
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Matthew C Zimmerman
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Irving H Zucker
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska
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Marcon M, Mocelin R, Benvenutti R, Costa T, Herrmann AP, de Oliveira DL, Koakoski G, Barcellos LJG, Piato A. Environmental enrichment modulates the response to chronic stress in zebrafish. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.176735. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.176735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Several studies have shown that manipulations to the housing environment modulate the susceptibility to stress in laboratory animals, mainly in rodents. Environmental enrichment (EE) is one such manipulation that promotes neuroprotection and neurogenesis, besides affecting behaviors such as drug self-administration. Zebrafish are a popular and useful animal model for behavioral neuroscience studies; however, studies evaluating the impact of housing conditions in this species are scarce. In this study, we verified the effects of EE on behavioral (novel tank test) and biochemical (cortisol and reactive oxygen species (ROS)) parameters in zebrafish submitted to unpredictable chronic stress (UCS). Consistent with our previous findings, UCS increased anxiety-like behavior, cortisol and ROS levels in zebrafish. EE for 21 or 28 days attenuated the effects induced by UCS on behavior and cortisol, and prevented the effects on ROS levels. Our findings reinforce the idea that EE exerts neuromodulatory effects across species, reducing vulnerability to stress and its biochemical impact. Also, these results indicate that zebrafish is a suitable model animal to study the behavioral effects and neurobiological mechanisms related to EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Marcon
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Sarmento Leite 500/305, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ricieri Mocelin
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Sarmento Leite 500/305, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Radharani Benvenutti
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Sarmento Leite 500/305, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Tales Costa
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Sarmento Leite 500/305, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Herrmann
- Grupo de Estudos Biológicos e Clínicos em Patologias Humanas, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, SC 484 km 02, Chapecó, Santa Catarina, 89815-899, Brazil
| | - Diogo L. de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600-Anexo, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Gessi Koakoski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Leonardo J. G. Barcellos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Campus Universitário, Camobi, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioexperimentação, Universidade de Passo Fundo, BR 285, Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do
Sul, 99052-900, Brazil
| | - Angelo Piato
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia e Comportamento (LAPCOM), Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Sarmento Leite 500/305, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90050-170, Brazil
- Zebrafish Neuroscience Research Consortium (ZNRC), Slidell, LA, USA
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Chen JT, Kotani K. Different Effects of Oral Contraceptive and Dydrogesterone Treatment on Oxidative Stress Levels in Premenopausal Women. J Clin Med Res 2017; 10:146-153. [PMID: 29317960 PMCID: PMC5755654 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr3307w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the study was to observe the changes in blood oxidative stress levels by oral contraceptive (OC) and/or dydrogesterone (DG) treatment. Methods A retrospective cohort of 27 premenopausal women with primary dysmenorrhea consisted of the OC treatment group (N = 17) and the DG treatment group (N = 10) by choice of the initial treatment. The OC group included two subgroups: patients with continuous OC treatment (treated for at least 15 months, N = 10) and patients with discontinuous OC treatment (switched to DG treatment after approximately 6 months of initial OC treatment: N = 7). The DG group had 15 months of continuous DG treatment. Blood parameters, including diacron-reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs: an oxidative stress marker), were measured. Results The d-ROMs level was elevated in the OC group 3 months after initial treatment (mean: from 321 (at baseline) to 512 Carratelli Units (Carr U); P < 0.01), while such changes were not observed in the DG group. The d-ROMs level was reduced in the discontinuous OC subgroup 15 months after initial treatment (from 508 (3 months after initial treatment) to 372 Carr U; P < 0.01), while such changes were not observed in the continuous OC subgroup. The DG group displayed unchanged the d-ROMs level. Conclusion Replacing OC with DG can attenuate oxidative stress as elevated by OC, thereby alleviating the possible vascular risks with OC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
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