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Arriero MM, Celdran A, Jimenez P, García–Mendez A, De La Pinta JC, Manzarbeitia F, Muñoz–Alameda L, Reyero A, Escribano M, Casado S, López–Farré A. Aspirin Protected the Nitric Oxide/Cyclic Gmp Generating System in Human Peritoneum. Perit Dial Int 2020. [DOI: 10.1177/089686080102103s08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
♦ Objective Changes in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the peritoneum could be involved in the peritoneal dysfunction associated with peritoneal inflammation. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on eNOS expression in samples of human peritoneum. The effect of aspirin, a drug with anti-inflammatory properties, was also determined. ♦ Results The eNOS protein expressed in human peritoneal tissue was reduced by LPS (10 μg/mL) in a time-dependent manner. The eNOS was expressed mainly in capillary endothelial cells and mesothelial cells. Anti-inflammatory doses of aspirin (1 – 10 mmol/L) restored eNOS expression in LPS-stimulated human peritoneal tissue samples. The main intracellular receptor of NO, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), was also downregulated by LPS. This effect was prevented by aspirin (5 mmol/L). ♦ Conclusion Protein expression of the eNOS–sGC system in the peritoneal tissue was downregulated by LPS. High doses of aspirin protected both eNOS protein expression and sGC in human peritoneum. These findings suggest a new mechanism of action of aspirin that could be involved in the prevention of peritoneal dysfunction during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M. Arriero
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Celdran
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Petra Jimenez
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio García–Mendez
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C. De La Pinta
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Felix Manzarbeitia
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Muñoz–Alameda
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Reyero
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Escribano
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Casado
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio López–Farré
- Cardiovascular Research and Hyper tension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Guo J, Breen DM, Pereira TJ, Dalvi PS, Zhang H, Mori Y, Ghanim H, Tumiati L, Fantus IG, Bendeck MP, Dandona P, Rao V, Dolinsky VW, Heximer SP, Giacca A. The effect of insulin to decrease neointimal growth after arterial injury is endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent. Atherosclerosis 2015; 241:111-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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González Sánchez S, Moñux Ducajú G, Modrego Martín J, Serrano Hernando F, López Farré A. La plaqueta como célula inflamatoria: modificación de la expresión proteica del citoesqueleto y sistema contráctil de la pared vascular. ANGIOLOGIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.angio.2013.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Khandelwal AR, Hebert VY, Kleinedler JJ, Rogers LK, Ullevig SL, Asmis R, Shi R, Dugas TR. Resveratrol and quercetin interact to inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in mice with a carotid injury. J Nutr 2012; 142:1487-94. [PMID: 22718033 DOI: 10.3945/jn.112.162628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Restenosis is a critical complication of angioplasty and stenting. Restenosis is multifactorial, involving endothelial injury, inflammation, platelet activation, and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Thus, dietary strategies to prevent restenosis likely require the use of more than one agent. Resveratrol (R) and quercetin (Q) are polyphenols that are known to exhibit vascular protective effects. We tested whether R and Q administered in the diet interact to inhibit vessel stenosis in mice with a carotid injury. B6.129 mice were administered a high-fat diet containing 21% fat and 0.2% cholesterol along with R (25 mg/kg), Q (10 mg/kg), or R + Q for 2 wk. A carotid injury was induced and the mice were again administered the enriched diet for 2 wk. Compared with the controls, R significantly decreased stenosis, assessed as an intima:media ratio, by 76%. Although Q treatment alone exhibited no effect, it potentiated the effect of R in that treatment with R + Q significantly decreased the intima:media ratio by 94%. Moreover, this effect was greater than that of R treatment alone (P < 0.05). Although treatments with R, Q, and R + Q significantly affected platelet activation and endothelial function, the responses observed for R + Q were less than additive. Specifically, the effects of R + Q were less than the sum of effects for treatments with R and Q alone. In contrast, treatment with R + Q exhibited more-than-additive effects on inflammatory markers and significant interactions between R and Q were observed. The presence of synergy between R and Q was thus tested in cultures of VSMC and macrophages. Isobolographic analysis revealed that 2:1 molar ratios of R:Q exhibited synergistic inhibition of VSMC proliferation and macrophage chemotaxis. In conclusion, in combination, R and Q can interact to reduce the extent of restenosis, perhaps due to their synergistic inhibition of VSMC proliferation and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok R Khandelwal
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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Modrego J, Moñux G, Mateos-Cáceres PJ, Martínez-López I, Segura A, Zamorano-León JJ, Rodríguez-Sierra P, Serrano J, Macaya C, López-Farré AJ. Effects of platelets on the protein expression in aortic segments: A proteomic approach. J Cell Biochem 2010; 111:889-98. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.22777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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6
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Wang Z, Kolega J, Hoi Y, Gao L, Swartz DD, Levy EI, Mocco J, Meng H. Molecular alterations associated with aneurysmal remodeling are localized in the high hemodynamic stress region of a created carotid bifurcation. Neurosurgery 2009; 65:169-77; discussion 177-8. [PMID: 19574839 DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000343541.85713.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although elevated hemodynamics has been speculated to play a key role in intracranial aneurysm (IA) initiation, little is known about the specific hemodynamic microenvironment that triggers aneurysmal vascular degradation. We previously demonstrated maladaptive remodeling characteristic of IA initiation occurring in hemodynamic regions of combined high wall shear stress (WSS) and high WSS gradient near the apex of an experimentally created carotid bifurcation. This study examines whether this remodeling recapitulates the molecular changes found in IAs and whether molecular changes also correspond to specific hemodynamic environments. METHODS De novo bifurcations were surgically created using both native common carotid arteries in each of 6 dogs. Bifurcations were imaged 2 weeks or 2 months after surgery by high-resolution 3-dimensional angiography, from which flow fields were obtained by computational fluid dynamics simulations. Subsequently, harvested tissues, demonstrating early aneurysmal changes near the apex, were immunostained for interleukin-1beta, endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases, nitrotyrosine, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9. Spatial distributions of these molecules were comapped with computational fluid dynamics results. RESULTS The aneurysmal wall showed decreased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression compared with surrounding segments, the feeding artery, and native controls, whereas all other markers increased. Anti-CD68 staining indicated the absence of inflammatory cells in the aneurysmal wall. Comapping molecular marker distributions with flow fields revealed confinement of these molecular changes within the hemodynamic region of high WSS and high, positive WSS gradient. CONCLUSION Aneurysm-initiating remodeling induced by combined high WSS and high, positive WSS gradient is associated with molecular changes implicated in IAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, USA
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7
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Ginnan R, Guikema BJ, Halligan KE, Singer HA, Jourd’heuil D. Regulation of smooth muscle by inducible nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase in vascular proliferative diseases. Free Radic Biol Med 2008; 44:1232-45. [PMID: 18211830 PMCID: PMC2390910 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Revised: 12/11/2007] [Accepted: 12/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a critical role in promoting smooth muscle migration and proliferation during vascular diseases such as postangioplasty restenosis and atherosclerosis. Another common feature of many vascular diseases is the contribution of reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen (RNS) species to vascular injury. Primary sources of ROS and RNS in smooth muscle are several isoforms of NADPH oxidase (Nox) and the cytokine-regulated inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS). One important example of the interaction between NO and ROS is the reaction of NO with superoxide to yield peroxynitrite, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension. In this review, we discuss the literature that supports an alternate possibility: Nox-derived ROS modulate NO bioavailability by altering the expression of iNOS. We highlight data showing coexpression of iNOS and Nox in vascular smooth muscle demonstrating the functional consequences of iNOS and Nox during vascular injury. We describe the relevant literature demonstrating that the mitogen-activated protein kinases are important modulators of proinflammatory cytokine-dependent expression of iNOS. A central hypothesis discussed is that ROS-dependent regulation of the serine/threonine kinase protein kinase Cdelta is essential to understanding how Nox may regulate signaling pathways leading to iNOS expression. Overall, the integration of nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase with cytokine signaling in general and in vascular smooth muscle in particular is poorly understood and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - David Jourd’heuil
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Albany Medical College, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, 47 New Scotland Avenue (MC8), Albany, NY 12208; Tel: (518) 262 8104; Fax: (518) 262 8101; E-mail:
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8
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Desouza CV, Gerety M, Hamel FG. Long-term effects of a PPAR-gamma agonist, pioglitazone, on neointimal hyperplasia and endothelial regrowth in insulin resistant rats. Vascul Pharmacol 2007; 46:188-94. [PMID: 17141574 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2006.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2006] [Accepted: 10/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. PPAR-gamma agonists like pioglitazone decrease insulin resistance and have been shown to reduce neointimal hyperplasia in the short-term. However long-term studies on endothelial regrowth and neointimal hyperplasia have not been done. METHODS AND RESULTS We used hyperinsulinemic, normoglycemic Zucker fatty rats. Rats were treated with either 10 mg/kg body wt. pioglitazone or placebo till the end of the experiment. Rats underwent carotid angioplasty at age 12-14 weeks, 1 week after treatment was begun. In one set of experiments rats were sacrificed at 6 months and neointimal hyperplasia and VEGF expression was assessed. In another set of experiments rats were sacrificed at 3 and 6 months. Endothelial regrowth was determined. The rats were all normoglycemic and hyperinsulinemic. Pioglitazone treated rats had a significantly lesser degree of neointimal hyperplasia than control rats. Treated rats also had decreased VEGF expression. Endothelial regrowth was decreased in the treated rats at 6 months. CONCLUSION We conclude that although pioglitazone decreases neointimal hyperplasia even at 6 months, it retards endothelial regrowth, which could predispose the denuded vessel to thrombotic events. This may be modulated by a suppression of VEGF expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus V Desouza
- Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68105, USA.
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9
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Fischer JW, Hawkins S, Clowes AW. Pharmacologic inhibition of nitric oxide synthases and cyclooxygenases enhances intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. J Vasc Surg 2004; 40:115-22. [PMID: 15218471 PMCID: PMC1381983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2004.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extensive proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) contribute to development of fibromuscular intimal hyperplasia in response to balloon catheter-induced injury of the left carotid artery in Fischer 344 rats. The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that endogenously generated nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins act synergistically to limit the extent of neointimal hyperplasia. METHODS The left carotid artery of Fischer 344 rats was injured with a 2F balloon catheter. The following treatment was initiated 24 hours before arterial injury, and was continued for 2 weeks: N-nitro-l-arginine (L-NA; 10 mg/kg/d, in drinking water), indomethacin (1.5 mg/kg/d per gavage), and L-NA (10 mg/kg/d) plus indomethacin (1.5 mg/kg/d). After application of an overdose of pentobarbital animals were formalin-fixed. Subsequently, paraffin-embedded cross sections of the uninjured and injured carotid arteries were analyzed morphometrically. SMC proliferation was determined by incorporation of 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine. RESULTS Two weeks after injury, L-NA caused a 1.29-fold +/- 0.29-fold (mean +/- SD; n = 14; P <.05) increase in the intima-media ratio, compared with control animals, whereas indomethacin had no effect. Combined treatment with L-NA plus indomethacin further increased intima-media ratio (1.65-fold +/- 0.5-fold over control; n = 14; P <.05). SMC proliferation in the neointima of rats treated with L-NA and L-NA plus indomethacin was elevated. Furthermore, neointimal cell density (nuclei per square millimeter) was reduced after combined inhibition of cyclooxygenases and NO synthases. CONCLUSION The present results of pharmacologic NO synthase and cyclooxygenase inhibition suggest that NO and prostaglandins are part of an endogenous growth inhibitory mechanism that synergistically suppresses intimal thickening. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The role of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) during vascular recurrent stenosis and atherosclerosis is not clear yet. In particular, the effects of selective COX2 inhibitors on the frequency of cardiovascular events is still controversial. It is shown here in rats that the application of a non-selective COX inhibitor does not affect arterial stenosis. However, the concurrent inhibition of endogenous nitric oxide generation and COX1 or COX2 causes overshooting neointimal hyperplasia. These results suggest that increased vascular stenosis can result from administration of drugs that pharmacologically block 2 or more inhibitory pathways that normally counterbalance the effect of promotors of neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens W Fischer
- Molekulare Pharmakologie, Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Germany.
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10
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Salom JB, Burguete MC, Pérez-Asensio FJ, Centeno JM, Torregrosa G, Alborch E. Acute relaxant effects of 17-beta-estradiol through non-genomic mechanisms in rabbit carotid artery. Steroids 2002; 67:339-46. [PMID: 11958789 DOI: 10.1016/s0039-128x(01)00185-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens could play a cardiovascular protective role not only by means of systemic effects but also by means of direct effects on vascular structure and function. We have studied the acute effects and mechanisms of action of 17-beta-estradiol on vascular tone of rabbit isolated carotid artery. 17-Beta-estradiol (10, 30, and 100 microM) elicited concentration-dependent relaxation of 50 mM KCl-induced active tone in male and female rabbit carotid artery. The stereoisomer 17-alpha-estradiol showed lesser relaxant effects in male rabbits. Endothelium removal did not modify relaxation induced by 17-beta-estradiol. The NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME (100 microM) only reduced significantly relaxation produced by 30 microM 17-beta-estradiol. Relaxation was not modified by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 (1 microM), the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (1 microM), and the selective K(+) channel blockers charybdotoxin (0.1 microM) and glibenclamide (1 microM). CaCl(2) (30 microM -10 mM) induced concentration-dependent contraction in rabbit carotid artery depolarized by 50 mM KCl in Ca(2+) free medium. Preincubation with 17-beta-estradiol (3, 10, 30, or 100 microM) or the L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker nicardipine (0.01, 0.1, 1, or 10 nM) produced concentration-dependent inhibition of CaCl(2)-induced contraction. In conclusion, 17-beta-estradiol induces endothelium-independent relaxation of rabbit carotid artery, which is not mediated by classic estrogen receptor and protein synthesis activation. The relaxant effect is due to inhibition of extracellular Ca(2+) influx to vascular smooth muscle, but activation of K(+) efflux is not involved. Relatively high pharmacological concentrations of estrogen causing relaxation preclude acute vasoactive effects of plasma levels in the carotid circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan B Salom
- Centro de Investigación, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain.
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Sánchez de Miguel L, Arriero MM, Farré J, Jiménez P, García-Méndez A, de Frutos T, Jiménez A, García R, Cabestrero F, Gómez J, de Andrés R, Montón M, Martín E, De la Calle-Lombana LM, Rico L, Romero J, López-Farré A. Nitric oxide production by neutrophils obtained from patients during acute coronary syndromes: expression of the nitric oxide synthase isoforms. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 39:818-25. [PMID: 11869847 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01828-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To analyze the differences in the nitric oxide (NO) forming system between neutrophils obtained from patients during unstable angina (UA) and during acute myocardial infarction (AMI). BACKGROUND Neutrophils are involved in the regulation of thrombus formation through the release of active substances such as NO. Acute myocardial infarction is the result of an occlusive thrombus; unstable angina is attributed to intermittent thrombus formation. METHODS We studied 49 patients admitted to hospital within 24 h after the onset of chest pain: 31 experienced AMI and 18 experienced UA. Acute myocardial infarction was defined as CK greater than two-fold the upper limit of normal value of biochemical laboratory, with CK-MB >10% total CK. Unstable angina was defined as transient ST segment changes without significant increases in CK and CK-MB. RESULTS The amount of NO generated by neutrophils from AMI patients was significantly higher than that generated by neutrophils from UA patients. Neutrophils from UA and AMI patients showed low levels of endothelial-like NO synthase protein expression and a marked expression of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) isoform. Although neutrophils from patients during acute coronary syndromes generated high amounts of NO, they did not demonstrate an increased ability to stimulate cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) synthesis in platelets. This lack of activity to release NO by neutrophils from patients during AMI was unrelated to a defect in the platelet cGMP-forming system; sodium nitroprusside, an exogenous NO donor, similarly increased cGMP levels in platelets from AMI patients and healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS Neutrophils from patients during AMI and UA showed an increased production of NO and a marked expression of the iNOS isoform. However, NO released from these neutrophils showed a deficient functionality. These findings could have clinical implications because they show differences in thrombus growth in patients with UA versus patients with AMI.
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Marques M, Millás I, Jiménez A, García-Colis E, Rodriguez-Feo JA, Velasco S, Barrientos A, Casado S, López-Farré A. Alteration of the soluble guanylate cyclase system in the vascular wall of lead-induced hypertension in rats. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12:2594-2600. [PMID: 11729227 DOI: 10.1681/asn.v12122594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-level lead exposure is a known cause of hypertension that has been associated with increased reactive oxygen species activity and endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation impairment. The effect of lead exposure on the vascular nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanocine monophosphate (cGMP) system was analyzed. Wistar rats were exposed to 5 ppm lead acetate in the drinking water during 30 d. Mean arterial BP increased significantly in the lead-treated rats. Relaxation to both acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was reduced in lead-treated rats; however, the vascular wall of lead-administered rats showed an increased expression of endothelial NO synthase. The expression of both subunits (alpha(1) and beta(1)) of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and the cGMP accumulated in the vascular wall were decreased in lead-treated rats. Cotreatment of lead with vitamin C (3 mmol/L) prevented the increase on mean arterial BP, improved the relaxation to both acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside, and restored the normal expression of endothelial NO synthase and sGC proteins in the vascular wall. In conclusion, lead exposure altered both the endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxing response and induced a reduced expression of sGC in the vascular wall. These effects were abrogated with the antioxidant vitamin C, which suggests the involvement of reactive oxygen species in the regulation of the NO/cGMP relaxing system in the vascular wall of lead-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Marques
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Millás
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Jiménez
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena García-Colis
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Rodriguez-Feo
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Velasco
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Barrientos
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Casado
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Farré
- *Cardiovascular and Hypertension Research Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain; and Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clínico U. San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Salter JW, Krieglstein CF, Issekutz AC, Granger DN. Platelets modulate ischemia/reperfusion-induced leukocyte recruitment in the mesenteric circulation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2001; 281:G1432-9. [PMID: 11705748 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.2001.281.6.g1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
P-selectin-dependent leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion has been implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in several vascular beds, including the gut. Because platelet-endothelial (P/E) cell adhesion also occurs in postischemic venules, the possibility exists that the expression of P-selectin on the surface of platelets that are adherent to venular endothelial cells may mediate the leukocyte recruitment elicited by I/R. P-selectin expression [dual radiolabeled monoclonal antibody (MAb) technique] and neutrophil accumulation [myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity] were measured in the postischemic small intestine of untreated rats and rats treated with either antiplatelet serum (APS) or MAbs directed against either P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa, or fibrinogen. The increases in P-selectin expression and tissue MPO normally elicited by I/R were significantly attenuated in the different treatment groups, suggesting that I/R-induced neutrophil recruitment is a platelet-dependent, P-selectin-mediated process. Intravital microscopy was then employed to examine this process relative to leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion in postischemic rat mesenteric venules. The recruitment of adherent and emigrated leukocytes after I/R was attenuated by pretreatment with a MAb against, either P-selectin, GPIIb/IIIa, or fibrinogen, as well as an Arg-Gly-Asp peptide. Whereas thrombocytopenia greatly blunted leukocyte emigration, it did not alter the leukocyte adherence response to I/R. These findings suggest that platelet-associated P-selectin contributes to the accumulation of leukocytes in postischemic tissue via a mechanism that alters transendothelial leukocyte migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Salter
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130, USA
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Arriero MM, López-Farré A, Fryeiro O, Rodríguez-Feo JA, Velasco S, García-Durán M, Fortes J, De La Pinta JC, Muñoz LE, Celdrán A. Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the liver of bile duct-ligated Wistar rats with modulation by lymphomononuclear cells. Surgery 2001; 129:255-66. [PMID: 11231453 DOI: 10.1067/msy.2001.110427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study evaluated whether biliary tract obstruction stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression in the liver and analyzed the implication of lymphomononuclear cells and interleukin-4 (IL-4). METHODS Male Wistar rats were used. Bile flow interruption was achieved by a complete division of the extrapancreatic common bile duct. iNOS expression was determined by both the Western blot technique and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS iNOS protein was markedly expressed in the liver 7 days after bile duct obstruction. Treatment with thymostimulin (TP-1), a partially purified thymic extract, reduced the intensity of the expression of iNOS protein in the liver after bile duct ligation. Recent data have suggested that IL-4 attenuates iNOS protein expression. We then analyzed the involvement of this anti-inflammatory cytokine on the modulation of iNOS expression in the liver. The liver from rats that underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) showed a lower content of IL-4 than that of sham-operated (SO) rats. TP-1 treatment increased the content of IL-4 in the liver. Liver slices incubated in vitro with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 microg/mL) stimulated the expression of iNOS protein. The level of LPS-induced iNOS expression was reduced by lymphomononuclear cells obtained from sham-operated animals. However, lymphomononuclear cells isolated from BDL rats potentiated the induction of iNOS expression by LPS-stimulated liver. However, lymphomononuclear cells from TP-1-treated BDL rats failed to modify LPS-stimulated iNOS expression. The different effect of lymphomononuclear cells on the modulation of iNOS expression in the liver was associated with their ability to generate IL-4. CONCLUSIONS The liver of jaundiced rats markedly expressed iNOS protein, which was associated to modifications in the content of IL-4 in the liver. Furthermore, lymphomononuclear cells modulate iNOS protein expression in the liver by a mechanism in which IL-4 is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Arriero
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Antonio Rodríguez-Feo J, Gómez J, Núñez A, Rico L, Fortes J, de Andrés R, Cabestrero F, Farré J, Casado S, López-Farré A. Doxazosina y guanilato ciclasa soluble en un modelo de ratas hipertensas. Rev Esp Cardiol 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-8932(01)76414-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Arriero MM, Rodríguez-Feo JA, Celdrán Á, Miguel LSDE, González-Fernández F, Fortes J, Reyero A, Frieyro O, Pinta JCDELA, Franco A, Pastor C, Casado S, López-Farré A. Expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human peritoneal tissue: regulation by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000; 11:1848-1856. [PMID: 11004215 DOI: 10.1681/asn.v11101848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the peritoneum could be involved in the peritoneal dysfunction associated with peritoneal inflammation. Demonstrated recently in bovine endothelial cells was the existence of cytosolic proteins that bind to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of eNOS mRNA and could be implicated in eNOS mRNA stabilization. The present work demonstrates that eNOS protein is expressed in human endothelial and mesothelial peritoneal cells. Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide shortened the half-life of eNOS message, reducing eNOS protein expression in peritoneal mesothelial and endothelial cells. Moreover, under basal conditions, human peritoneal samples expressed cytosolic proteins that bind to the 3'-UTR of eNOS mRNA. The cytosolic proteins that directly bind to 3'-UTR were identified as a 60-kD protein. After incubation of human peritoneal samples with lipopolysaccharide, the binding activity of the cytosolic 60-kD protein increased in a time-dependent manner. Studies are now necessary to determine the involvement of this 60-kD protein in the regulation of eNOS expression in peritoneal cells and particularly its involvement in the peritoneal dysfunction associated with inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María M Arriero
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan A Rodríguez-Feo
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Celdrán
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - José Fortes
- Department of Pathology, Fundación, Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Reyero
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Octavio Frieyro
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C DE LA Pinta
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Angeles Franco
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Pastor
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Santos Casado
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio López-Farré
- Cardiovascular Research and Hypertension Laboratory, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Since its introduction into clinical practice, more than 20 years ago, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) has proven to be an effective, minimally invasive alternative to coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). During this time there have been great improvements in the design of balloon catheters, operative procedures and adjuvant drug therapy, and this has resulted in low rates of primary failure and short-term complications. However, the potential benefits of angioplasty are diminished by the high rate of recurrent disease. Up to 40% of patients undergoing angioplasty develop clinically significant restenosis within a year of the procedure. Although the deployment of endovascular stents at the time of angioplasty improves the short-term outcome, 'in-stent' stenosis remains an enduring problem. In order to gain an insight into the mechanisms of restenosis, several experimental models of angioplasty have been developed. These have been used together with the tools provided by recent advances in molecular biology and catheter design to investigate restenosis in detail. It is now possible to deliver highly specific molecular antagonists, such as antisense gene sequences, to the site of injury. The knowledge provided by these studies may ultimately lead to novel forms of intervention. The present review is a synopsis of our current understanding of the pathological mechanisms of restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Ferns
- Centre for Clinical Science and Measurement, School of Biological Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford; The Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK.
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