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Liu H, de Bruin JL, IJpma AS, Castelijns CGM, Heijsman D, Hussain B, Bouwens E, Brüggenwirth HT, Roos-Hesselink JW, Raa ST, van Tongeren OLRM, Verhagen HJM, van Beusekom HMM, Majoor-Krakauer D. Increased risk for thoracic aneurysms in female and familial abdominal aortic aneurysm patients. J Vasc Surg 2025:S0741-5214(25)00911-5. [PMID: 40204032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2025.03.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2025] [Revised: 03/24/2025] [Accepted: 03/29/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) occur more frequently in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients than in the general population. The aim of the study was to investigate which AAA patients have an increased risk of developing TAA or thoraco-abdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA), and if sex, genetic susceptibility for aneurysms, or conventional cardiovascular risk factors affect this risk. METHODS Repeated computed tomography scans from consecutively diagnosed AAA patients were evaluated retrospectively to determine the prevalence, sequence, and location of multiple aortic aneurysms. Effects of sex, genetic predisposition for aneurysms (familial aneurysm, the presence of [likely] pathogenic variants in known aneurysm genes), and cardiovascular risk factors (age, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia) on the risk for TAA were analyzed. Five-year survival was used to evaluate the impact of having thoracic aneurysms on survival of AAA patients. RESULTS On the first computed tomography scan, 10.8% of AAA patients had a TAA. During follow-up, an additional 5.1% of the AAA patients developed TAA and 2.4% developed TAAA. Female patients had a two-fold increase in risk for TAA, in particular for aneurysms of the descending aorta. A two-fold increase in risk for ascending TAA was observed in AAA patients reporting familial aneurysms. The 5-year survival of female TAAA patients was lower than that of AAA patients, independent of having a TAA. CONCLUSIONS Female AAA patients had a two-fold increase in risk for TAA, particularly in the descending aorta. Familial AAA patients had a two-fold increase in aneurysm risk for ascending aortic aneurysms. TAAA patients had a lower survival compared with TAA or AAA patients, specifically among female TAAA patients. TAA and TAAA developed during follow-up. Therefore, follow-up imaging of both the ascending and descending aorta after diagnosis of AAA may improve early detection of multiple aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jorg L de Bruin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arne S IJpma
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - C G M Castelijns
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne Heijsman
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Burhan Hussain
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Bouwens
- Department of Cardiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - H T Brüggenwirth
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sander Ten Raa
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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2
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Kucher AN, Koroleva IA, Nazarenko MS. Exploring Disparities in Atherosclerosis Comorbidity with Aortic Aneurysm. Biomedicines 2025; 13:593. [PMID: 40149570 PMCID: PMC11940622 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines13030593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 01/22/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm (AA) and atherosclerosis (AS) of various vascular beds are asymptomatic for a long time and are relatively common pathological conditions that lead to life-threatening and disabling complications. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the high variation in direct and inverse comorbidity of AA and AS as presented in scientific publications. Estimates of AA and AS comorbidity depend on several factors, such as the location of AA (ascending or descending thoracic aorta or abdominal aorta), familial or sporadic cases of AA, syndromic forms of AA, and/or aortic valve pathology (bicuspid aortic valve [BAV]). To identify the causes of the comorbidity of AA and AS, it is important to consider and characterise many factors in detail. These factors include clinical characteristics of the patients included in a study (age, sex) and risk factors (mainly the presence of monogenic forms and BAV, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia, diabetes mellitus, and cigarette smoking). Additionally, it is essential to consider characteristics of the disease course and the nature of multimorbidity and to take into account pathologies not only of the cardiovascular system but also of other organ systems, with special attention to metabolic and endocrine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria S. Nazarenko
- Research Institute of Medical Genetics, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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3
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Alsabbagh Y, Erben Y, Vandenberg J, Farres H. New Trends of Personalized Medicine in the Management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: A Review. J Pers Med 2024; 14:1148. [PMID: 39728062 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14121148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2024] [Revised: 11/30/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant vascular condition characterized by the dilation of the abdominal aorta, presenting a substantial risk of rupture and associated high mortality rates. Current management strategies primarily rely on aneurysm diameter and growth rates to predict rupture risk and determine the timing of surgical intervention. However, this approach has limitations, as ruptures can occur in smaller AAAs below surgical thresholds, and many large AAAs remain stable without intervention. This review highlights the need for more precise and individualized assessment tools that integrate biomechanical parameters such as wall stress, wall strength, and hemodynamic factors. Advancements in imaging modalities like ultrasound elastography, computed tomography (CT) angiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), combined with artificial intelligence, offer enhanced capabilities to assess biomechanical indices and predict rupture risk more accurately. Incorporating these technologies can lead to personalized medicine approaches, improving decision-making regarding the timing of interventions. Additionally, emerging treatments focusing on targeted delivery of therapeutics to weakened areas of the aortic wall, such as nanoparticle-based drug delivery, stem cell therapy, and gene editing techniques like CRISPR-Cas9, show promise in strengthening the aortic wall and halting aneurysm progression. By validating advanced screening modalities and developing targeted treatments, the future management of AAA aims to reduce unnecessary surgeries, prevent ruptures, and significantly improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaman Alsabbagh
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Young Erben
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Jonathan Vandenberg
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Houssam Farres
- Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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4
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Song W, Tu G, Qin L, Wei L, Chen J. Macrophage in Sporadic Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: Potential Therapeutic and Preventing Target. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2023; 24:340. [PMID: 39077089 PMCID: PMC11272886 DOI: 10.31083/j.rcm2412340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is a life-threatening cardiovascular disorder lacking effective clinical pharmacological therapies. The underlying molecular mechanisms of TAAD still remain elusive with participation of versatile cell types and components including endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), fibroblasts, immune cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). The main pathological features of TAAD include SMC dysfunction, phenotypic switching, and ECM degradation, which is closely associated with inflammation and immune cell infiltration. Among various types of immune cells, macrophages are a distinct participator in the formation and progression of TAAD. In this review, we first highlight the important role of inflammation and immune cell infiltration in TAAD. Furthermore, we discuss the role of macrophages in TAAD from the aspects of macrophage origination, classification, and functions. On the basis of experimental and clinical studies, we summarize key regulators of macrophages in TAAD. Finally, we review how targeting macrophages can reduce TAAD in murine models. A better understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of TAAD may provide novel insights into preventing and treating the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Song
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Guowei Tu
- Cardiac Intensive Care Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Lieyang Qin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
| | - Jinmiao Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032 Shanghai, China
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5
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Busch A, Bleichert S, Ibrahim N, Wortmann M, Eckstein HH, Brostjan C, Wagenhäuser MU, Goergen CJ, Maegdefessel L. Translating mouse models of abdominal aortic aneurysm to the translational needs of vascular surgery. JVS Vasc Sci 2021; 2:219-234. [PMID: 34778850 PMCID: PMC8577080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvssci.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a condition that has considerable socioeconomic impact and an eventual rupture is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Despite decades of research, surgical repair remains the treatment of choice and no medical therapy is currently available. Animal models and, in particular, murine models, of AAA are a vital tool for experimental in vivo research. However, each of the different models has individual limitations and provide only partial mimicry of human disease. This narrative review addresses the translational potential of the available mouse models, highlighting unanswered questions from a clinical perspective. It is based on a thorough presentation of the available literature and more than a decade of personal experience, with most of the available models in experimental and translational AAA research. Results From all the models published, only the four inducible models, namely the angiotensin II model (AngII), the porcine pancreatic elastase perfusion model (PPE), the external periadventitial elastase application (ePPE), and the CaCl2 model have been widely used by different independent research groups. Although the angiotensin II model provides features of dissection and aneurysm formation, the PPE model shows reliable features of human AAA, especially beyond day 7 after induction, but remains technically challenging. The translational value of ePPE as a model and the combination with β-aminopropionitrile to induce rupture and intraluminal thrombus formation is promising, but warrants further mechanistic insights. Finally, the external CaCl2 application is known to produce inflammatory vascular wall thickening. Unmet translational research questions include the origin of AAA development, monitoring aneurysm growth, gender issues, and novel surgical therapies as well as novel nonsurgical therapies. Conclusion New imaging techniques, experimental therapeutic alternatives, and endovascular treatment options provide a plethora of research topics to strengthen the individual features of currently available mouse models, creating the possibility of shedding new light on translational research questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Busch
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Bleichert
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nahla Ibrahim
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Wortmann
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Universitaetsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christine Brostjan
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Surgical Research Laboratories, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus U Wagenhäuser
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Heinrich-Heine-University Medical Center Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Craig J Goergen
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Ind
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
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6
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Lusini M, Nenna A, Chello C, Greco SM, Gagliardi I, Nappi F, Chello M. Role of autophagy in aneurysm and dissection of the ascending aorta. Future Cardiol 2020; 16:517-526. [PMID: 32524854 DOI: 10.2217/fca-2019-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of physiologically balanced levels of autophagy is crucial for cellular homeostasis and in the normal vessel wall, balanced autophagy can be considered a cytoprotective mechanism that preserves endothelial function and prevents cardiovascular disease. Recent studies pointed out the importance of the modulation of the autophagic flux in the pathogenesis of aortic dissection and aneurysms of the ascending aorta. Notably, shear stress (and its receptor p62), IL-6, Rab7 and Atg5/IRE1α pathways of autophagy may be considered the novel super-selective therapeutic target for the preventive and postoperative treatment of aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. This review intends to summarize current evidences in this field trying to enlighten new avenues for future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Lusini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Nenna
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Camilla Chello
- Department of Dermatology, Università La Sapienza di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Gagliardi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, Paris, France
| | - Massimo Chello
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
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7
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Au DT, Ying Z, Hernández-Ochoa EO, Fondrie WE, Hampton B, Migliorini M, Galisteo R, Schneider MF, Daugherty A, Rateri DL, Strickland DK, Muratoglu SC. LRP1 (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein 1) Regulates Smooth Muscle Contractility by Modulating Ca 2+ Signaling and Expression of Cytoskeleton-Related Proteins. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2651-2664. [PMID: 30354243 PMCID: PMC6214382 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective- Mutations affecting contractile-related proteins in the ECM (extracellular matrix), microfibrils, or vascular smooth muscle cells can predispose the aorta to aneurysms. We reported previously that the LRP1 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1) maintains vessel wall integrity, and smLRP1-/- mice exhibited aortic dilatation. The current study focused on defining the mechanisms by which LRP1 regulates vessel wall function and integrity. Approach and Results- Isometric contraction assays demonstrated that vasoreactivity of LRP1-deficient aortic rings was significantly attenuated when stimulated with vasoconstrictors, including phenylephrine, thromboxane receptor agonist U-46619, increased potassium, and L-type Ca2+ channel ligand FPL-64176. Quantitative proteomics revealed proteins involved in actin polymerization and contraction were significantly downregulated in aortas of smLRP1-/- mice. However, studies with calyculin A indicated that although aortic muscle from smLRP1-/- mice can contract in response to calyculin A, a role for LRP1 in regulating the contractile machinery is not revealed. Furthermore, intracellular calcium imaging experiments identified defects in calcium release in response to a RyR (ryanodine receptor) agonist in smLRP1-/- aortic rings and cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Conclusions- These results identify a critical role for LRP1 in modulating vascular smooth muscle cell contraction by regulating calcium signaling events that potentially protect against aneurysm development.
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MESH Headings
- Actin Cytoskeleton/drug effects
- Actin Cytoskeleton/genetics
- Actin Cytoskeleton/metabolism
- Actin Cytoskeleton/ultrastructure
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Calcium Channels/genetics
- Calcium Channels/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling/drug effects
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1
- Male
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/ultrastructure
- Receptors, LDL/deficiency
- Receptors, LDL/genetics
- Receptors, LDL/metabolism
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/genetics
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel/metabolism
- Tissue Culture Techniques
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/deficiency
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstrictor Agents/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianaly T. Au
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Zhekang Ying
- Department of Medicine Cardiology Division, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Erick O. Hernández-Ochoa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - William E. Fondrie
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Brian Hampton
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Mary Migliorini
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Rebeca Galisteo
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Martin F. Schneider
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Alan Daugherty
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Debra L. Rateri
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center and Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Dudley K. Strickland
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Selen C. Muratoglu
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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8
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Leclercq A, Veillat V, Loriot S, Spuul P, Madonna F, Roques X, Génot E. A Methodology for Concomitant Isolation of Intimal and Adventitial Endothelial Cells from the Human Thoracic Aorta. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143144. [PMID: 26599408 PMCID: PMC4658207 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aortic diseases are diverse and involve a multiplicity of biological systems in the vascular wall. Aortic dissection, which is usually preceded by aortic aneurysm, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in modern societies. Although the endothelium is now known to play an important role in vascular diseases, its contribution to aneurysmal aortic lesions remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to define a reliable methodology for the isolation of aortic intimal and adventitial endothelial cells in order to throw light on issues relevant to endothelial cell biology in aneurysmal diseases. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS We set up protocols to isolate endothelial cells from both the intima and the adventitia of human aneurysmal aortic vessel segments. Throughout the procedure, analysis of cell morphology and endothelial markers allowed us to select an endothelial fraction which after two rounds of expansion yielded a population of >90% pure endothelial cells. These cells have the features and functionalities of freshly isolated cells and can be used for biochemical studies. The technique was successfully used for aortic vessel segments of 20 patients and 3 healthy donors. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This simple and highly reproducible method allows the simultaneous preparation of reasonably pure primary cultures of intimal and adventitial human endothelial cells, thus providing a reliable source for investigating their biology and involvement in both thoracic aneurysms and other aortic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Leclercq
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1045, Bordeaux, France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (AL); (EG)
| | - Véronique Veillat
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sandrine Loriot
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- SFR TransBioMed, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pirjo Spuul
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1045, Bordeaux, France
| | - Francesco Madonna
- Service de chirurgie cardiaque et vasculaire, Hôpital Haut-L’Evêque, Pessac, France
| | - Xavier Roques
- Service de chirurgie cardiaque et vasculaire, Hôpital Haut-L’Evêque, Pessac, France
| | - Elisabeth Génot
- Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, U1045, Bordeaux, France
- * E-mail: (AL); (EG)
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9
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Wang X, Astrof S. Neural crest cell-autonomous roles of fibronectin in cardiovascular development. Development 2015; 143:88-100. [PMID: 26552887 DOI: 10.1242/dev.125286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The chemical and mechanical properties of extracellular matrices (ECMs) modulate diverse aspects of cellular fates; however, how regional heterogeneity in ECM composition regulates developmental programs is not well understood. We discovered that fibronectin 1 (Fn1) is expressed in strikingly non-uniform patterns during mouse development, suggesting that regionalized synthesis of the ECM plays cell-specific regulatory roles during embryogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we ablated Fn1 in the neural crest (NC), a population of multi-potent progenitors expressing high levels of Fn1. We found that Fn1 synthesized by the NC mediated morphogenesis of the aortic arch artery and differentiation of NC cells into vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) by regulating Notch signaling. We show that NC Fn1 signals in an NC cell-autonomous manner through integrin α5β1 expressed by the NC, leading to activation of Notch and differentiation of VSMCs. Our data demonstrate an essential role of the localized synthesis of Fn1 in cardiovascular development and spatial regulation of Notch signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Wang
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Sophie Astrof
- Sidney Kimmel Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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10
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Yoshida T, Miyagawa-Tomita S. Tenascin-C in development and disease of blood vessels. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2015; 297:1747-57. [PMID: 25125186 DOI: 10.1002/ar.22985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Revised: 01/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular glycoprotein categorized as a matricellular protein. It is highly expressed during embryonic development, wound healing, inflammation, and cancer invasion, and has a wide range of effects on cell response in tissue morphogenesis and remodeling including the cardiovascular system. In the heart, TNC is sparsely detected in normal adults but transiently expressed at restricted sites during embryonic development and in response to injury, playing an important role in myocardial remodeling. Although TNC in the vascular system appears more complex than in the heart, the expression of TNC in normal adult blood vessels is generally low. During embryonic development, vascular smooth muscle cells highly express TNC on maturation of the vascular wall, which is controlled in a way that depends on the embryonic site of cell origin. Strong expression of TNC is also linked with several pathological conditions such as cerebral vasospasm, intimal hyperplasia, pulmonary artery hypertension, and aortic aneurysm/ dissection. TNC synthesized by smooth muscle cells in response to developmental and environmental cues regulates cell responses such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival in an autocrine/paracrine fashion and in a context-dependent manner. Thus, TNC can be a key molecule in controlling cellular activity in adaptation during normal vascular development as well as tissue remodeling in pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan; Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
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11
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Maleszewski JJ. Inflammatory ascending aortic disease: Perspectives from pathology. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2015; 149:S176-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2014.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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12
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Vascular dysfunctions in the isolated aorta of double-transgenic hypertensive mice developing aortic aneurysm. Pflugers Arch 2014; 467:1945-63. [PMID: 25385304 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-II and oxidative stress are involved in the genesis of aortic aneurysms, a phenomenon exacerbated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) deletion or uncoupling. The purpose of this work was to study the endothelial function in wild-type C57BL/6 (BL) and transgenic mice expressing the h-angiotensinogen and h-renin genes (AR) subjected to either a control, or a high-salt diet plus a treatment with a NO-synthase inhibitor, N-ω-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME; BLSL and ARSL). BLSL showed a moderate increase in blood pressure, while ARSL became severely hypertensive. Seventy-five percent of ARSL developed aortic aneurysms, characterized by major histo-morphological changes and associated with an increase in NADP(H) oxidase-2 (NOX2) expression. Contractile responses (KCl, norepinephrine, U-46619) were similar in the four groups of mice, and relaxations were not affected in BLSL and AR. However, in ARSL, endothelium-dependent relaxations (acetylcholine, UK-14304) were significantly reduced, and this dysfunction was similar in aortae without or with aneurysms. The endothelial impairment was unaffected by catalase, superoxide-dismutase mimetic, radical scavengers, cyclooxygenase inhibition, or TP-receptor blockade and could not be attributed to sGC oxidation. Thus, ARSL is a severe hypertension model developing aortic aneurysm. A vascular dysfunction, involving both endothelial (reduced role of NO) and smooth muscle cells, precedes aneurysms formation and, paradoxically, does not appear to involve oxidative stress.
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Pfaltzgraff ER, Shelton EL, Galindo CL, Nelms BL, Hooper CW, Poole SD, Labosky PA, Bader DM, Reese J. Embryonic domains of the aorta derived from diverse origins exhibit distinct properties that converge into a common phenotype in the adult. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 69:88-96. [PMID: 24508561 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are derived from distinct embryonic origins. Vessels originating from differing smooth muscle cell populations have distinct vascular and pathological properties involving calcification, atherosclerosis, and structural defects such as aneurysm and coarctation. We hypothesized that domains within a single vessel, such as the aorta, vary in phenotype based on embryonic origin. Gene profiling and myographic analyses demonstrated that embryonic ascending and descending aortic domains exhibited distinct phenotypes. In vitro analyses demonstrated that VSMCs from each region were dissimilar in terms of cytoskeletal and migratory properties, and retention of different gene expression patterns. Using the same analysis, we found that these same two domains are indistinguishable in the adult vessel. Our data demonstrate that VSMCs from different embryonic origins are functionally distinct in the embryonic mouse, but converge to assume a common phenotype in the aorta of healthy adults. These findings have fundamental implications for aortic development, function and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise R Pfaltzgraff
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 348, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Elaine L Shelton
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 B Garland Ave., 1125 MRB IV Bldg, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Cristi L Galindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 359, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Brian L Nelms
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2213 Garland Ave, MRBIV 9415, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Christopher W Hooper
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 B Garland Ave., 1125 MRB IV Bldg, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Stanley D Poole
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 B Garland Ave., 1125 MRB IV Bldg, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Patricia A Labosky
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2213 Garland Ave, MRBIV 9415, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - David M Bader
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 348, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, 2220 Pierce Ave, PRB 359, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Jeff Reese
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2213 Garland Ave, MRBIV 9415, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, 2215 B Garland Ave., 1125 MRB IV Bldg, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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14
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Harmon AW, Nakano A. Nkx2-5 lineage tracing visualizes the distribution of second heart field-derived aortic smooth muscle. Genesis 2013; 51:862-9. [PMID: 24133047 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Harmon
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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Liu D, Wang CJ, Judge DP, Halushka MK, Ni J, Habashi JP, Moslehi J, Bedja D, Gabrielson KL, Xu H, Qian F, Huso D, Dietz HC, Germino GG, Watnick T. A Pkd1-Fbn1 genetic interaction implicates TGF-β signaling in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 25:81-91. [PMID: 24071006 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2012050486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common cause of renal failure that is due to mutations in two genes, PKD1 and PKD2. Vascular complications, including aneurysms, are a well recognized feature of ADPKD, and a subgroup of families exhibits traits reminiscent of Marfan syndrome (MFS). MFS is caused by mutations in fibrillin-1 (FBN1), which encodes an extracellular matrix protein with homology to latent TGF-β binding proteins. It was recently demonstrated that fibrillin-1 deficiency is associated with upregulation of TGF-β signaling. We investigated the overlap between ADPKD and MFS by breeding mice with targeted mutations in Pkd1 and Fbn1. Double heterozygotes displayed an exacerbation of the typical Fbn1 heterozygous aortic phenotype. We show that the basis of this genetic interaction results from further upregulation of TGF-β signaling caused by Pkd1 haploinsufficiency. In addition, we demonstrate that loss of PKD1 alone is sufficient to induce a heightened responsiveness to TGF-β. Our data link the interaction of two important diseases to a fundamental signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Liu
- Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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16
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Maleki S, Björck HM, Paloschi V, Kjellqvist S, Folkersen L, Jackson V, Franco-Cereceda A, Eriksson P. Aneurysm Development in Patients With Bicuspid Aortic Valve (BAV): Possible Connection to Repair Deficiency? AORTA : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AORTIC INSTITUTE AT YALE-NEW HAVEN HOSPITAL 2013; 1:13-22. [PMID: 26798668 DOI: 10.12945/j.aorta.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Maleki
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hanna M Björck
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sanela Kjellqvist
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lasse Folkersen
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veronica Jackson
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Franco-Cereceda
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Eriksson
- Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Center for Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Roccabianca S, Ateshian GA, Humphrey JD. Biomechanical roles of medial pooling of glycosaminoglycans in thoracic aortic dissection. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2013; 13:13-25. [PMID: 23494585 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-013-0482-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous dissection of the human thoracic aorta is responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, yet this devastating biomechanical failure process remains poorly understood. In this paper, we present finite element simulations that support a new hypothesis for the initiation of aortic dissections that is motivated by extensive histopathological observations. Specifically, our parametric simulations show that the pooling of glycosaminoglycans/proteoglycans that is singularly characteristic of the compromised thoracic aorta in aneurysms and dissections can lead to significant stress concentrations and intra-lamellar Donnan swelling pressures. We submit that these localized increases in intramural stress may be sufficient both to disrupt the normal cell-matrix interactions that are fundamental to aortic homeostasis and to delaminate the layered microstructure of the aortic wall and thereby initiate dissection. Hence, pathologic pooling of glycosaminoglycans/proteoglycans within the medial layer of the thoracic aortic should be considered as a possible target for clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Roccabianca
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Malone Engineering Center, Yale University, 55 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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Humphrey JD. Possible mechanical roles of glycosaminoglycans in thoracic aortic dissection and associations with dysregulated transforming growth factor-β. J Vasc Res 2012; 50:1-10. [PMID: 23018968 DOI: 10.1159/000342436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/25/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Four distinguishing histopathological characteristics of thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (TAADs) are the fragmentation or degradation of elastic fibers, loss of smooth muscle, pooling of glycosaminoglycans, and remodeling of fibrillar collagens. Of these, pooling of glycosaminoglycans appears to be unique to these lesions. METHODS This review acknowledges the importance of dysregulated transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in TAADs and offers a complementary hypothesis that increased TGF-β could contribute to the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans in the media of the proximal thoracic aorta. Regardless, observed pools of glycosaminoglycans could decrease tensile strength, cause stress concentrations, and increase intralamellar swelling pressure, all of which could initiate local delaminations that could subsequently propagate as dissections and result in a false lumen or rupture. CONCLUSIONS There is a pressing need to investigate potential mechanical as well as biological consequences of accumulated glycosaminoglycans in TAADs and to elucidate responsible signaling pathways, with particular attention to synthetic cells of nonmesodermal lineage. Such research could provide insight into the mechanisms of dissection and the seemingly paradoxical role of the over-expression of a cytokine that is typically associated with fibrosis but is implicated in a degenerative disease of the aorta that can result in a catastrophic mechanical failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Humphrey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, and Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
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Involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in abdominal and thoracic aortic aneurysms. Clin Sci (Lond) 2012; 123:531-43. [PMID: 22788237 DOI: 10.1042/cs20120097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aortic aneurysms are relatively common maladies that may lead to the devastating consequence of aortic rupture. AAAs (abdominal aortic aneurysms) and TAAs (thoracic aortic aneurysms) are two common forms of aneurysmal diseases in humans that appear to have distinct pathologies and mechanisms. Despite this divergence, there are numerous and consistent demonstrations that overactivation of the RAS (renin-angiotensin system) promotes both AAAs and TAAs in animal models. For example, in mice, both AAAs and TAAs are formed during infusion of AngII (angiotensin II), the major bioactive peptide in the RAS. There are many proposed mechanisms by which the RAS initiates and perpetuates aortic aneurysms, including effects of AngII on a diverse array of cell types and mediators. These experimental findings are complemented in humans by genetic association studies and retrospective analyses of clinical data that generally support a role of the RAS in both AAAs and TAAs. Given the lack of a validated pharmacological therapy for any form of aortic aneurysm, there is a pressing need to determine whether the consistent findings on the role of the RAS in animal models are translatable to humans afflicted with these diseases. The present review compiles the recent literature that has shown the RAS as a critical component in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysms.
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