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Ji X, Chen Z, Wang Q, Li B, Wei Y, Li Y, Lin J, Cheng W, Guo Y, Wu S, Mao L, Xiang Y, Lan T, Gu S, Wei M, Zhang JZ, Jiang L, Wang J, Xu J, Cao N. Sphingolipid metabolism controls mammalian heart regeneration. Cell Metab 2024; 36:839-856.e8. [PMID: 38367623 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Utilization of lipids as energy substrates after birth causes cardiomyocyte (CM) cell-cycle arrest and loss of regenerative capacity in mammalian hearts. Beyond energy provision, proper management of lipid composition is crucial for cellular and organismal health, but its role in heart regeneration remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate widespread sphingolipid metabolism remodeling in neonatal hearts after injury and find that SphK1 and SphK2, isoenzymes producing the same sphingolipid metabolite sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), differently regulate cardiac regeneration. SphK2 is downregulated during heart development and determines CM proliferation via nuclear S1P-dependent modulation of histone acetylation. Reactivation of SphK2 induces adult CM cell-cycle re-entry and cytokinesis, thereby enhancing regeneration. Conversely, SphK1 is upregulated during development and promotes fibrosis through an S1P autocrine mechanism in cardiac fibroblasts. By fine-tuning the activity of each SphK isoform, we develop a therapy that simultaneously promotes myocardial repair and restricts fibrotic scarring to regenerate the infarcted adult hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Ji
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Zihao Chen
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Bin Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yun Li
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianqing Lin
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Weisheng Cheng
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yijie Guo
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shilin Wu
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Longkun Mao
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Yuzhou Xiang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Tian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Shanshan Gu
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Joe Z Zhang
- Institute of Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen 518132, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing 100101, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Jin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Nan Cao
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation (Sun Yat-Sen University), Guangdong 510080, China.
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Feng J, Li Y, Li Y, Yin Q, Li H, Li J, Zhou B, Meng J, Lian H, Wu M, Li Y, Dou K, Song W, Lu B, Liu L, Hu S, Nie Y. Versican Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation and Cardiac Repair. Circulation 2024; 149:1004-1015. [PMID: 37886839 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adult mammalian heart is incapable of regeneration, whereas a transient regenerative capacity is maintained in the neonatal heart, primarily through the proliferation of preexisting cardiomyocytes. Neonatal heart regeneration after myocardial injury is accompanied by an expansion of cardiac fibroblasts and compositional changes in the extracellular matrix. Whether and how these changes influence cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration remains to be investigated. METHODS We used apical resection and myocardial infarction surgical models in neonatal and adult mice to investigate extracellular matrix components involved in heart regeneration after injury. Single-cell RNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses were used for versican identification. Cardiac fibroblast-specific Vcan deletion was achieved using the mouse strains Col1a2-2A-CreER and Vcanfl/fl. Molecular signaling pathways related to the effects of versican were assessed through Western blot, immunostaining, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Cardiac fibrosis and heart function were evaluated by Masson trichrome staining and echocardiography, respectively. RESULTS Versican, a cardiac fibroblast-derived extracellular matrix component, was upregulated after neonatal myocardial injury and promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conditional knockout of Vcan in cardiac fibroblasts decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation and impaired neonatal heart regeneration. In adult mice, intramyocardial injection of versican after myocardial infarction enhanced cardiomyocyte proliferation, reduced fibrosis, and improved cardiac function. Furthermore, versican augmented the proliferation of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Mechanistically, versican activated integrin β1 and downstream signaling molecules, including ERK1/2 and Akt, thereby promoting cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac repair. CONCLUSIONS Our study identifies versican as a cardiac fibroblast-derived pro-proliferative proteoglycan and clarifies the role of versican in promoting adult cardiac repair. These findings highlight its potential as a therapeutic factor for ischemic heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Yandong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (Y.L.)
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China (Q.Q.Y.)
| | - Haotong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Bin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Shanghai (B.Z.)
| | - Jian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Hong Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Mengge Wu
- Experimental Animal Center, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou (M.G.W.)
| | - Yahuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Kefei Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Weihua Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Bin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Lihui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Shengshou Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
| | - Yu Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing (J.F., Y.D.L., H.T.L., J.L., J.M., H.L., Y.H.L., K.F.D., W.H.S., B.L., L.H.L., S.S.H., Y.N.)
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (Y.N.)
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Regenerative Medicine, Fuwai Central-China Hospital, Central China Branch of National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhengzhou (Y.N.)
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Jiahao M, Fan Z, Junsheng M. Influence of acidic metabolic environment on differentiation of stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1288710. [PMID: 38572303 PMCID: PMC10987843 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1288710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-based myocardial regeneration is a frontier topic in the treatment of myocardial infarction. Manipulating the metabolic microenvironment of stem cells can influence their differentiation into cardiomyocytes, which have promising clinical applications. pH is an important indicator of the metabolic environment during cardiomyocyte development. And lactate, as one of the main acidic metabolites, is a major regulator of the acidic metabolic environment during early cardiomyocyte development. Here, we summarize the progress of research into the influence of pH value and lactate on cardiomyocyte survival and differentiation, as well as related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Jiahao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhou Fan
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mu Junsheng
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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4
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Weinberger M, Riley PR. Animal models to study cardiac regeneration. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:89-105. [PMID: 37580429 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00914-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Permanent fibrosis and chronic deterioration of heart function in patients after myocardial infarction present a major health-care burden worldwide. In contrast to the restricted potential for cellular and functional regeneration of the adult mammalian heart, a robust capacity for cardiac regeneration is seen during the neonatal period in mammals as well as in the adults of many fish and amphibian species. However, we lack a complete understanding as to why cardiac regeneration takes place more efficiently in some species than in others. The capacity of the heart to regenerate after injury is controlled by a complex network of cellular and molecular mechanisms that form a regulatory landscape, either permitting or restricting regeneration. In this Review, we provide an overview of the diverse array of vertebrates that have been studied for their cardiac regenerative potential and discuss differential heart regeneration outcomes in closely related species. Additionally, we summarize current knowledge about the core mechanisms that regulate cardiac regeneration across vertebrate species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weinberger
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Paul R Riley
- Institute of Developmental & Regenerative Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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5
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Beisaw A, Wu CC. Cardiomyocyte maturation and its reversal during cardiac regeneration. Dev Dyn 2024; 253:8-27. [PMID: 36502296 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide. Due to the limited proliferative and regenerative capacity of adult cardiomyocytes, the lost myocardium is not replenished efficiently and is replaced by a fibrotic scar, which eventually leads to heart failure. Current therapies to cure or delay the progression of heart failure are limited; hence, there is a pressing need for regenerative approaches to support the failing heart. Cardiomyocytes undergo a series of transcriptional, structural, and metabolic changes after birth (collectively termed maturation), which is critical for their contractile function but limits the regenerative capacity of the heart. In regenerative organisms, cardiomyocytes revert from their terminally differentiated state into a less mature state (ie, dedifferentiation) to allow for proliferation and regeneration to occur. Importantly, stimulating adult cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation has been shown to promote morphological and functional improvement after myocardial infarction, further highlighting the importance of cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation in heart regeneration. Here, we review several hallmarks of cardiomyocyte maturation, and summarize how their reversal facilitates cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. A detailed understanding of how cardiomyocyte dedifferentiation is regulated will provide insights into therapeutic options to promote cardiomyocyte de-maturation and proliferation, and ultimately heart regeneration in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arica Beisaw
- Institute of Experimental Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chi-Chung Wu
- European Center for Angioscience (ECAS), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Shen J, Ma L, Hu J, Li Y. Single-Cell Atlas of Neonatal Mouse Hearts Reveals an Unexpected Cardiomyocyte. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028287. [PMID: 38014657 PMCID: PMC10727353 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single-cell RNA sequencing is widely used in cancer research and organ development because of its powerful ability to analyze cellular heterogeneity. However, its application in cardiomyocytes is dissatisfactory mainly because the cardiomyocytes are too large and fragile to withstand traditional single-cell approaches. METHODS AND RESULTS Through designing the isolation procedure of neonatal mouse cardiac cells, we provide detailed cellular atlases of the heart at single-cell resolution across 4 different stages after birth. We have obtained 10 000 cardiomyocytes; to our knowledge, this is the most extensive reference framework to date. Moreover, we have discovered unexpected erythrocyte-like cardiomyocyte-terminal cardiomyocytes, comprising more than a third of all cardiomyocytes. Only a few genes are highly expressed in these cardiomyocytes. They are highly differentiated cardiomyocytes that function as contraction pumps. In addition, we have identified 2 cardiomyocyte-like conducting cells, lending support to the theory that the sinoatrial node pacemaker cells are specialized cardiomyocytes. Notably, we provide an initial blueprint for comprehensive interactions between cardiomyocytes and other cardiac cells. CONCLUSIONS This mouse cardiac cell atlas improves our understanding of cardiomyocyte heterogeneity and provides a valuable reference in response to varying physiological conditions and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Shen
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina
- Clinical Research Center for Mental DisordersShanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Linlin Ma
- School of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, ShanghaiShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Hu
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yanfei Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu HospitalShanghaiChina
- School of Medical TechnologyShanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, ShanghaiShanghaiChina
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7
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Huang L, Wang Q, Gu S, Cao N. Integrated metabolic and epigenetic mechanisms in cardiomyocyte proliferation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 181:79-88. [PMID: 37331466 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Heart disease continues to be the leading cause of mortality worldwide, primarily attributed to the restricted regenerative potential of the adult human heart following injury. In contrast to their adult counterparts, many neonatal mammals can spontaneously regenerate their myocardium in the first few days of life via extensive proliferation of the pre-existing cardiomyocytes. Reasons for the decline in regenerative capacity during postnatal development, and how to control it, remain largely unexplored. Accumulated evidence suggests that the preservation of regenerative potential depends on a conducive metabolic state in the embryonic and neonatal heart. Along with the postnatal increase in oxygenation and workload, the mammalian heart undergoes a metabolic transition, shifting its primary metabolic substrate from glucose to fatty acids shortly after birth for energy advantage. This metabolic switch causes cardiomyocyte cell-cycle arrest, which is widely regarded as a key mechanism for the loss of regenerative capacity. Beyond energy provision, emerging studies have suggested a link between this intracellular metabolism dynamics and postnatal epigenetic remodeling of the mammalian heart that reshapes the expression of many genes important for cardiomyocyte proliferation and cardiac regeneration, since many epigenetic enzymes utilize kinds of metabolites as obligate cofactors or substrates. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of metabolism and metabolite-mediated epigenetic modifications in cardiomyocyte proliferation, with a particular focus on highlighting the potential therapeutic targets that hold promise to treat human heart failure via metabolic and epigenetic regulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Huang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Qiyuan Wang
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Shanshan Gu
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Nan Cao
- Zhongshan School of Medicine and the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong 510080, China; Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Sun Yat-Sen University), Ministry of Education, Guangdong 510080, China.
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8
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Mehdipour M, Park S, Huang GN. Unlocking cardiomyocyte renewal potential for myocardial regeneration therapy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2023; 177:9-20. [PMID: 36801396 PMCID: PMC10699255 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Cardiomyocytes are irreversibly lost due to cardiac ischemia secondary to disease. This leads to increased cardiac fibrosis, poor contractility, cardiac hypertrophy, and subsequent life-threatening heart failure. Adult mammalian hearts exhibit notoriously low regenerative potential, further compounding the calamities described above. Neonatal mammalian hearts, on the other hand, display robust regenerative capacities. Lower vertebrates such as zebrafish and salamanders retain the ability to replenish lost cardiomyocytes throughout life. It is critical to understand the varying mechanisms that are responsible for these differences in cardiac regeneration across phylogeny and ontogeny. Adult mammalian cardiomyocyte cell cycle arrest and polyploidization have been proposed as major barriers to heart regeneration. Here we review current models about why adult mammalian cardiac regenerative potential is lost including changes in environmental oxygen levels, acquisition of endothermy, complex immune system development, and possible cancer risk tradeoffs. We also discuss recent progress and highlight conflicting reports pertaining to extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways that control cardiomyocyte proliferation and polyploidization in growth and regeneration. Uncovering the physiological brakes of cardiac regeneration could illuminate novel molecular targets and offer promising therapeutic strategies to treat heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melod Mehdipour
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Sangsoon Park
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Guo N Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; Bakar Aging Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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Boikova A, Bywater MJ, Quaife-Ryan GA, Straube J, Thompson L, Ascanelli C, Littlewood TD, Evan GI, Hudson JE, Wilson CH. HRas and Myc synergistically induce cell cycle progression and apoptosis of murine cardiomyocytes. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:948281. [PMID: 36337898 PMCID: PMC9630352 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.948281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes are incapable of significant proliferation, limiting regeneration after myocardial injury. Overexpression of the transcription factor Myc has been shown to drive proliferation in the adult mouse heart, but only when combined with Cyclin T1. As constitutive HRas activity has been shown to stabilise Cyclin T1 in vivo, we aimed to establish whether Myc and HRas could also act cooperatively to induce proliferation in adult mammalian cardiomyocytes in vivo. Methods and results Using a genetically modified mouse model, we confirmed that constitutive HRas activity (HRas G 12 V ) increased Cyclin T1 expression. HRas G 12 V and constitutive Myc expression together co-operate to drive cell-cycle progression of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes. However, stimulation of endogenous cardiac proliferation by the ectopic expression of HRas G 12 V and Myc also induced cardiomyocyte death, while Myc and Cyclin T1 expression did not. Conclusion Co-expression of Cyclin T1 and Myc may be a therapeutically tractable approach for cardiomyocyte neo-genesis post injury, while cell death induced by HRas G 12 V and Myc expression likely limits this option as a regenerative therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Boikova
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Megan J. Bywater
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Jasmin Straube
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Lucy Thompson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Camilla Ascanelli
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gerard I. Evan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - James E. Hudson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine H. Wilson
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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Targeting Epigenetic Regulation of Cardiomyocytes through Development for Therapeutic Cardiac Regeneration after Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911878. [PMID: 36233177 PMCID: PMC9569953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, with no cure currently. Therefore, there is a dire need to further understand the mechanisms that arise during heart failure. Notoriously, the adult mammalian heart has a very limited ability to regenerate its functional cardiac cells, cardiomyocytes, after injury. However, the neonatal mammalian heart has a window of regeneration that allows for the repair and renewal of cardiomyocytes after injury. This specific timeline has been of interest in the field of cardiovascular and regenerative biology as a potential target for adult cardiomyocyte repair. Recently, many of the neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration mechanisms have been associated with epigenetic regulation within the heart. This review summarizes the current and most promising epigenetic mechanisms in neonatal cardiomyocyte regeneration, with a specific emphasis on the potential for targeting these mechanisms in adult cardiac models for repair after injury.
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