1
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Spiech C, Danielsen A, Laeng B, Endestad T. Oscillatory attention in groove. Cortex 2024; 174:137-148. [PMID: 38547812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Attention is not constant but rather fluctuates over time and these attentional fluctuations may prioritize the processing of certain events over others. In music listening, the pleasurable urge to move to music (termed 'groove' by music psychologists) offers a particularly convenient case study of oscillatory attention because it engenders synchronous and oscillatory movements which also vary predictably with stimulus complexity. In this study, we simultaneously recorded pupillometry and scalp electroencephalography (EEG) from participants while they listened to drumbeats of varying complexity that they rated in terms of groove afterwards. Using the intertrial phase coherence of the beat frequency, we found that while subjects were listening, their pupil activity became entrained to the beat of the drumbeats and this entrained attention persisted in the EEG even as subjects imagined the drumbeats continuing through subsequent silent periods. This entrainment in both the pupillometry and EEG worsened with increasing rhythmic complexity, indicating poorer sensory precision as the beat became more obscured. Additionally, sustained pupil dilations revealed the expected, inverted U-shaped relationship between rhythmic complexity and groove ratings. Taken together, this work bridges oscillatory attention to rhythmic complexity in relation to musical groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor Spiech
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Anne Danielsen
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Musicology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Bruno Laeng
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Tor Endestad
- RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo, Norway; Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
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2
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Kobayashi K, Shiba Y, Honda S, Nakajima S, Fujii S, Mimura M, Noda Y. Short-Term Effect of Auditory Stimulation on Neural Activities: A Scoping Review of Longitudinal Electroencephalography and Magnetoencephalography Studies. Brain Sci 2024; 14:131. [PMID: 38391706 PMCID: PMC10887208 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Explored through EEG/MEG, auditory stimuli function as a suitable research probe to reveal various neural activities, including event-related potentials, brain oscillations and functional connectivity. Accumulating evidence in this field stems from studies investigating neuroplasticity induced by long-term auditory training, specifically cross-sectional studies comparing musicians and non-musicians as well as longitudinal studies with musicians. In contrast, studies that address the neural effects of short-term interventions whose duration lasts from minutes to hours are only beginning to be featured. Over the past decade, an increasing body of evidence has shown that short-term auditory interventions evoke rapid changes in neural activities, and oscillatory fluctuations can be observed even in the prestimulus period. In this scoping review, we divided the extracted neurophysiological studies into three groups to discuss neural activities with short-term auditory interventions: the pre-stimulus period, during stimulation, and a comparison of before and after stimulation. We show that oscillatory activities vary depending on the context of the stimuli and are greatly affected by the interplay of bottom-up and top-down modulational mechanisms, including attention. We conclude that the observed rapid changes in neural activitiesin the auditory cortex and the higher-order cognitive part of the brain are causally attributed to short-term auditory interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanon Kobayashi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yasushi Shiba
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Shiori Honda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujii
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa 252-0816, Japan
| | - Masaru Mimura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Noda
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
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3
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It Takes Two: Interpersonal Neural Synchrony Is Increased after Musical Interaction. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12030409. [PMID: 35326366 PMCID: PMC8946180 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12030409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Music’s deeply interpersonal nature suggests that music-derived neuroplasticity relates to interpersonal temporal dynamics, or synchrony. Interpersonal neural synchrony (INS) has been found to correlate with increased behavioral synchrony during social interactions and may represent mechanisms that support them. As social interactions often do not have clearly delineated boundaries, and many start and stop intermittently, we hypothesize that a neural signature of INS may be detectable following an interaction. The present study aimed to investigate this hypothesis using a pre-post paradigm, measuring interbrain phase coherence before and after a cooperative dyadic musical interaction. Ten dyads underwent synchronous electroencephalographic (EEG) recording during silent, non-interactive periods before and after a musical interaction in the form of a cooperative tapping game. Significant post-interaction increases in delta band INS were found in the post-condition and were positively correlated with the duration of the preceding interaction. These findings suggest a mechanism by which social interaction may be efficiently continued after interruption and hold the potential for measuring neuroplastic adaption in longitudinal studies. These findings also support the idea that INS during social interaction represents active mechanisms for maintaining synchrony rather than mere parallel processing of stimuli and motor activity.
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Santonja-Medina CS, Marrades-Caballero E, Santonja-Medina F, Sanz-Mengibar JM. Neurologic Music Therapy Improves Participation in Children With Severe Cerebral Palsy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:795533. [PMID: 35356462 PMCID: PMC8959457 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.795533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Positive effects after neurologic music therapy (NMT) have been described regarding the motor function of children with severe cerebral palsy (CP). This study aimed to quantify improvements in participation, as well as complexity on task-related manual activities in children with severe bilateral CP. This analytic quasi-experimental study exposed 17 children with severe cerebral palsy to 13 NMT sessions to improve motor learning through therapeutic instrumental music performance (TIMP), using principally percussion musical instruments. Hoisan software video recording was used to quantify participation involved in creating music. In addition, the number of active movements performed in each NMT session was quantified. Significant improvements were found in the participation variables “visual contact,” “motor participation” and “motor participation repetitions.” Significant differences were also found in the subcategory “reaching and stroke,” “hitting with the hand” and “grasping and hitting.” The use of therapeutic of TIMP in children with severe CP improves participation during manual activities utilizing percussion instruments, therefore increasing the intensity of the psychomotor intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fernando Santonja-Medina
- Faculty of Medicine and Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Department of Traumatology, V. de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Fernando Santonja-Medina
| | - Jose Manuel Sanz-Mengibar
- Faculty of Medicine and Sports and Musculoskeletal System Research Group (RAQUIS), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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5
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fNIRS & e-drum: An ecological approach to monitor hemodynamic and behavioural effects of rhythmic auditory cueing training. Brain Cogn 2021; 151:105753. [PMID: 34020165 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Converging evidence suggests a beneficial effect of rhythmic music-therapy in easing motor dysfunctions. Nevertheless, the neural systems underpinning both the direct effect and the influence of rhythm on movement control and execution during training in ecological settings are still largely unknown. In this study, we propose an ecological approach to monitor brain activity and behavioural performance during rhythmic auditory cueing short-term training. Our approach envisages the combination of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that allows unconstrained movements of participants, with electronic drum (e-drum), which is an instrument able to collect behavioural tapping data in real time. The behavioural and brain effects of this short-term training were investigated on a group of healthy participants, who well tolerated the experimental settings, since none of them withdrew from the study. The rhythmic auditory cueing short-term training improved beat regularity and decreased group variability. At the group level, the training resulted in a reduction of brain activity primarily in premotor areas. Furthermore, participants with the highest behavioural improvement during training showed the smallest reduction in brain activity. Overall, we conclude that our study could pave the way towards translating the proposed approach to clinical settings.
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6
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Makov S, Zion Golumbic E. Irrelevant Predictions: Distractor Rhythmicity Modulates Neural Encoding in Auditory Cortex. Cereb Cortex 2020; 30:5792-5805. [DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhaa153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Dynamic attending theory suggests that predicting the timing of upcoming sounds can assist in focusing attention toward them. However, whether similar predictive processes are also applied to background noises and assist in guiding attention “away” from potential distractors, remains an open question. Here we address this question by manipulating the temporal predictability of distractor sounds in a dichotic listening selective attention task. We tested the influence of distractors’ temporal predictability on performance and on the neural encoding of sounds, by comparing the effects of Rhythmic versus Nonrhythmic distractors. Using magnetoencephalography we found that, indeed, the neural responses to both attended and distractor sounds were affected by distractors’ rhythmicity. Baseline activity preceding the onset of Rhythmic distractor sounds was enhanced relative to nonrhythmic distractor sounds, and sensory response to them was suppressed. Moreover, detection of nonmasked targets improved when distractors were Rhythmic, an effect accompanied by stronger lateralization of the neural responses to attended sounds to contralateral auditory cortex. These combined behavioral and neural results suggest that not only are temporal predictions formed for task-irrelevant sounds, but that these predictions bear functional significance for promoting selective attention and reducing distractibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiri Makov
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Elana Zion Golumbic
- Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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7
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Bauer AKR, Debener S, Nobre AC. Synchronisation of Neural Oscillations and Cross-modal Influences. Trends Cogn Sci 2020; 24:481-495. [PMID: 32317142 PMCID: PMC7653674 DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
At any given moment, we receive multiple signals from our different senses. Prior research has shown that signals in one sensory modality can influence neural activity and behavioural performance associated with another sensory modality. Recent human and nonhuman primate studies suggest that such cross-modal influences in sensory cortices are mediated by the synchronisation of ongoing neural oscillations. In this review, we consider two mechanisms proposed to facilitate cross-modal influences on sensory processing, namely cross-modal phase resetting and neural entrainment. We consider how top-down processes may further influence cross-modal processing in a flexible manner, and we highlight fruitful directions for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharina R Bauer
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Brain and Cognition Lab, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Department of Psychiatry, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK.
| | - Stefan Debener
- Department of Psychology, Neuropsychology Lab, Cluster of Excellence Hearing4All, University of Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Anna C Nobre
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Brain and Cognition Lab, Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Department of Psychiatry, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK
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8
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Hickey P, Merseal H, Patel AD, Race E. Memory in time: Neural tracking of low-frequency rhythm dynamically modulates memory formation. Neuroimage 2020; 213:116693. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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9
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Yurgil KA, Velasquez MA, Winston JL, Reichman NB, Colombo PJ. Music Training, Working Memory, and Neural Oscillations: A Review. Front Psychol 2020; 11:266. [PMID: 32153474 PMCID: PMC7047970 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on reports that link music training to working memory and neural oscillations. Music training is increasingly associated with improvement in working memory, which is strongly related to both localized and distributed patterns of neural oscillations. Importantly, there is a small but growing number of reports of relationships between music training, working memory, and neural oscillations in adults. Taken together, these studies make important contributions to our understanding of the neural mechanisms that support effects of music training on behavioral measures of executive functions. In addition, they reveal gaps in our knowledge that hold promise for further investigation. The current review is divided into the main sections that follow: (1) discussion of behavioral measures of working memory, and effects of music training on working memory in adults; (2) relationships between music training and neural oscillations during temporal stages of working memory; (3) relationships between music training and working memory in children; (4) relationships between music training and working memory in older adults; and (5) effects of entrainment of neural oscillations on cognitive processing. We conclude that the study of neural oscillations is proving useful in elucidating the neural mechanisms of relationships between music training and the temporal stages of working memory. Moreover, a lifespan approach to these studies will likely reveal strategies to improve and maintain executive function during development and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A. Yurgil
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Loyola University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | | | - Jenna L. Winston
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Noah B. Reichman
- Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Paul J. Colombo
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
- Brain Institute, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, United States
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10
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Celma-Miralles A, Toro JM. Ternary meter from spatial sounds: Differences in neural entrainment between musicians and non-musicians. Brain Cogn 2019; 136:103594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2019.103594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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De Pretto M, Deiber MP, James CE. Steady-state evoked potentials distinguish brain mechanisms of self-paced versus synchronization finger tapping. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 61:151-166. [PMID: 30098488 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) requires aligning motor actions to external events and represents a core part of both musical and dance performances. In the current study, to isolate the brain mechanisms involved in synchronizing finger tapping with a musical beat, we compared SMS to pure self-paced finger tapping and listen-only conditions at different tempi. We analyzed EEG data using frequency domain steady-state evoked potentials (SSEPs) to identify sustained electrophysiological brain activity during repetitive tasks. Behavioral results revealed different timing modes between SMS and self-paced finger tapping, associated with distinct scalp topographies, thus suggesting different underlying brain sources. After subtraction of the listen-only brain activity, SMS was compared to self-paced finger tapping. Resulting source estimations showed stronger activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus during SMS, and stronger activation of the bilateral inferior parietal lobule during self-paced finger tapping. These results point to the left inferior frontal gyrus as a pivot for perception-action coupling. We discuss our findings in the context of the ongoing debate about SSEPs interpretation given the variety of brain events contributing to SSEPs and similar EEG frequency responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Pretto
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Neurology Unit, Medicine Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Marie-Pierre Deiber
- Psychiatry Department, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, 20 bis rue de Lausanne, CH-1201 Geneva, Switzerland; NCCR Synapsy, 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Clara E James
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; School of Health Sciences Geneva, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 47 Avenue de Champel, CH-1206 Geneva, Switzerland
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12
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Marrades-Caballero E, Santonja-Medina CS, Sanz-Mengibar JM, Santonja-Medina F. Neurologic music therapy in upper-limb rehabilitation in children with severe bilateral cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2018; 54:866-872. [PMID: 29484877 DOI: 10.23736/s1973-9087.18.04996-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND After receiving neurologic music therapy, functional improvements in children with severe bilateral cerebral palsy have not been found in the literature. Musical training with instruments allows interrelationships between movement, emotions and cognition for task-based learning, in order to improve motor control. AIM To understand whether neurologic music therapy has an impact on the functionality of children with severe cerebral palsy. DESIGN A randomized controlled assessor-blind trial was carried out. SETTING Children were recruited and treated in their own community center. POPULATION Eighteen children with severe bilateral cerebral palsy between 4 and 16 years old were studied. METHODS The intervention group (N.=18) received music therapy for 16 weeks, in addition to its usual physiotherapy input. Two music therapists implemented a neurologic music therapy program of therapeutic instrumental music performance. The control group (N.=9) received its usual therapeutic input, similar to the intervention group, but not neurologic music therapy. Overall and specific "Chailey levels of Ability" were quantified, as well as the locomotor stages. RESULTS Significant improvements in the overall and specific "arm and hand position" as well as "activities" from the Chailey Levels of Ability and the locomotor stages were observed (P<0.05) in the group which received the music therapy. All these improvements persisted after 4 months. The control group showed no improvements after a four-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Optimized intervention of neurologic music therapy can improve the functionality of children with severe bilateral cerebral palsy. CLINICAL REHABILITATION IMPACT Music therapy is a useful tool in rehabilitation and its positive effects remain four months after completing the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jose M Sanz-Mengibar
- Clinic of Rehabilitation, Madrid, Spain.,Balancephysio Vojta Therapy, London, UK
| | - Fernando Santonja-Medina
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain - .,Department of Traumatology, V. de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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13
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Trapp S, Havlicek O, Schirmer A, Keller PE. When the rhythm disappears and the mind keeps dancing: sustained effects of attentional entrainment. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2018; 84:81-87. [PMID: 29344724 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-018-0983-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Research has demonstrated that the human cognitive system allocates attention most efficiently to a stimulus that occurs in synchrony with an established rhythmic background. However, our environment is dynamic and constantly changing. What happens when rhythms to which our cognitive system adapted disappear? We addressed this question using a visual categorization task comprising emotional and neutral faces. The task was split into three blocks of which the first and the last were completed in silence. The second block was accompanied by an acoustic background rhythm that, for one group of participants, was synchronous with face presentations, and for another group was asynchronous. Irrespective of group, performance improved with background stimulation. Importantly, improved performance extended into the third silent block for the synchronous, but not for the asynchronous group. These data suggest that attentional entrainment resulting from rhythmic environmental regularities disintegrates only gradually after the regularities disappear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Trapp
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany. .,Department of Cognitive Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Psychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ondrej Havlicek
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,General and Experimental Psychology, Department of Psychology, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annett Schirmer
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peter E Keller
- The MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Bauer AKR, Bleichner MG, Jaeger M, Thorne JD, Debener S. Dynamic phase alignment of ongoing auditory cortex oscillations. Neuroimage 2017; 167:396-407. [PMID: 29170070 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural oscillations can synchronize to external rhythmic stimuli, as for example in speech and music. While previous studies have mainly focused on elucidating the fundamental concept of neural entrainment, less is known about the time course of entrainment. In this human electroencephalography (EEG) study, we unravel the temporal evolution of neural entrainment by contrasting short and long periods of rhythmic stimulation. Listeners had to detect short silent gaps that were systematically distributed with respect to the phase of a 3 Hz frequency-modulated tone. We found that gap detection performance was modulated by the stimulus stream with a consistent stimulus phase across participants for short and long stimulation. Electrophysiological analysis confirmed neural entrainment effects at 3 Hz and the 6 Hz harmonic for both short and long stimulation lengths. 3 Hz source level analysis revealed that longer stimulation resulted in a phase shift of a participant's neural phase relative to the stimulus phase. Phase coupling increased over the first second of stimulation, but no effects for phase coupling strength were observed over time. The dynamic evolution of phase alignment suggests that the brain attunes to external rhythmic stimulation by adapting the brain's internal representation of incoming environmental stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Katharina R Bauer
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Martin G Bleichner
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Jaeger
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Centre Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jeremy D Thorne
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Debener
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany; Research Centre Neurosensory Science, University of Oldenburg, Ammerlaender Heerstraße 114-118, 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
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15
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Stupacher J, Wood G, Witte M. Neural Entrainment to Polyrhythms: A Comparison of Musicians and Non-musicians. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:208. [PMID: 28446864 PMCID: PMC5388767 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Music can be thought of as a dynamic path over time. In most cases, the rhythmic structure of this path, such as specific sequences of strong and weak beats or recurring patterns, allows us to predict what and particularly when sounds are going to happen. Without this ability we would not be able to entrain body movements to music, like we do when we dance. By combining EEG and behavioral measures, the current study provides evidence illustrating the importance of ongoing neural oscillations at beat-related frequencies-i.e., neural entrainment-for tracking and predicting musical rhythms. Participants (13 musicians and 13 non-musicians) listened to drum rhythms that switched from a quadruple rhythm to a 3-over-4 polyrhythm. After a silent period of ~2-3 s, participants had to decide whether a target stimulus was presented on time with the triple beat of the polyrhythm, too early, or too late. Results showed that neural oscillations reflected the rhythmic structure of both the simple quadruple rhythm and the more complex polyrhythm with no differences between musicians and non-musicians. During silent periods, the observation of time-frequency plots and more commonly used frequency spectra analyses suggest that beat-related neural oscillations were more pronounced in musicians compared to non-musicians. Neural oscillations during silent periods are not driven by an external input and therefore are thought to reflect top-down controlled endogenous neural entrainment. The functional relevance of endogenous neural entrainment was demonstrated by a positive correlation between the amplitude of task-relevant neural oscillations during silent periods and the number of correctly identified target stimuli. In sum, our findings add to the evidence supporting the neural resonance theory of pulse and meter. Furthermore, they indicate that beat-related top-down controlled neural oscillations can exist without external stimulation and suggest that those endogenous oscillations are strengthened by musical expertise. Finally, this study shows that the analysis of neural oscillations can be a useful tool to assess how we perceive and process complex auditory stimuli such as polyrhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stupacher
- Department of Psychology, University of GrazGraz, Austria
| | - Guilherme Wood
- Department of Psychology, University of GrazGraz, Austria.,BioTechMed-GrazGraz, Austria
| | - Matthias Witte
- Department of Psychology, University of GrazGraz, Austria
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