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Lee DH, Kim JS, Ryun S, Chung CK. Discrete tactile feature comparison subprocess in human brain during a decision-making process. Cortex 2024; 171:383-396. [PMID: 38101274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
From sensory input to motor action, encoded sensory features flow sequentially along cortical networks for decision-making. Despite numerous studies probing the decision-making process, the subprocess that compares encoded sensory features before making a decision has not been fully elucidated in humans. In this study, we investigated sensory feature comparison by presenting two different tasks (a discrimination task, in which participants made decisions by comparing two sequential tactile stimuli; and a detection task, in which participants responded to the second tactile stimulus in two sequential stimuli) to epilepsy patients while recording electrocorticography (ECoG). By comparing tactile-specific gamma band (30-200 Hz) power between the two tasks, the decision-making process was divided into three subprocesses-categorization, comparison, and decision-consistent with a previous study (Heekeren et al., 2004). These subprocesses occurred sequentially in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, premotor cortex, secondary somatosensory cortex, and parietal lobe. Gamma power showed two different patterns of correlation with response time. In the inferior parietal lobule (IPL), there was a negative correlation. This means that as gamma power increased, response time decreased. In the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), there was a positive correlation. Here, as gamma power increased, response time also increased. These results indicate that the IPL and S2 encode tactile feature comparison differently. Our connectivity analysis showed that the S2 transmitted tactile information to the IPL. Our findings suggest that multiple areas in the parietal lobe encode sensory feature comparison differently before making a decision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyeok Lee
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - June Sic Kim
- The Research Institute of Basic Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokyun Ryun
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Kee Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Neuroscience Research Institute, Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurosurgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Yang K, Du R, Yang Q, Zhao R, Fan F, Chen S, Luo X, Tan S, Wang Z, Yu T, Tian B, Le TM, Li CSR, Tan Y. Cortical thickness of the inferior parietal lobule as a potential predictor of relapse in men with alcohol dependence. Brain Imaging Behav 2023:10.1007/s11682-023-00838-7. [PMID: 38078981 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-023-00838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol dependence is a disorder with a high recurrence rate that leads to a considerable public health burden. The risk of relapse appears to be related to a complex interplay of multiple factors. Herein, we aimed to explore the potential neural predictors of relapse in Chinese male patients with alcohol dependence. This study enrolled 58 male patients with alcohol dependence who had undergone acute detoxification. General demographic information and clinical features were collected. Magnetic resonance imaging data were used to measure cortical thickness across 34 regions of the brain. Patients were followed up at six months, and 51 patients completed the follow-up visit. These patients were divided into a relapser and an abstainer group. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the potential risk factors of relapse. Compared to abstainers, relapsers showed higher inattention and non-planning impulsivity on the 11th version of the Barratt Impulsive Scale. The cortical thicknesses of the inferior-parietal lobules were significantly higher in abstainers compared with those in relapsers. Furthermore, binary logistic regression analysis showed that the thickness of the inferior parietal lobule predicted relapse, and lower non-planning impulse was a protective factor against relapse. Relapsers show poorer impulse control than abstainers, and structural magnetic resonance imaging revealed a decreased thickness of the inferior parietal lobule in relapsers. Our results indicate the thickness of the inferior parietal lobule as a potential relapse predictor in male patients with alcohol dependence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebing Yang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruonan Du
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyan Yang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjiang Zhao
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguang Luo
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Baopeng Tian
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China
| | - Thang M Le
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Chiang-Shan R Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, 100096, People's Republic of China.
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Zhu Y, Luo X, Guo X, Chen Y, Zheng S, Dang C, Feng Y, Xu C, Wang Y, Song Y, Zhang H, Sun L. Functional reorganization of brain activity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: Evidence from the modulatory effect of cognitive demand during visuospatial attention task. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 166:17-24. [PMID: 37660405 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies reported that the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) had lower activation during visuospatial attention in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), while the functional connectivity (FC) between the IPL and other brain regions and how cognitive demand might modulate IPL's FC remain unclear. We performed a functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment recruiting two task conditions with relatively low and high cognitive demand of visuospatial attention. Forty-four children with ADHD and 36 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. IPL's regional activation and FC intensities were compared between groups and correlated with clinical measurements. We found that the IPL had significantly reduced activation in children with ADHD compared to healthy controls and this abnormal activation was not modulated by the cognitive demand of visuospatial attention. Importantly, further analysis revealed that the functional connectivity between IPL and inferior frontal gyrus was modulated by the cognitive demand of visuospatial attention in children with ADHD. These results revealed a modulatory effect of cognitive demand of visuospatial attention on IPL's functional connectivity but not IPL's activation in children with ADHD. More generally, these results highlight the functional reorganization of the brain activity as a possible compensatory strategy in response to the symptoms of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiangsheng Luo
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Guo
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yanbo Chen
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Suli Zheng
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Chen Dang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Xu
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Center for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Centre for Cognition and Brain Disorders, Affiliated Hospital, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China; Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Research in Assessment of Cognitive Impairments, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Li Sun
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Institute of Mental Health, Beijing, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.
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Liu XF, Zhao SW, Cui JJ, Gu YW, Fan JW, Fu YF, Zhang YH, Yin H, Chen K, Cui LB. Differential expression of diacylglycerol kinase ζ is involved in inferior parietal lobule-related dysfunction in schizophrenia with cognitive impairments. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:526. [PMID: 37479996 PMCID: PMC10362743 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive impairment is the main factor in the poor prognosis of schizophrenia, but its mechanism remains unclear. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is related to various clinical symptoms and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. We aimed to explore the relationship between IPL-related functions and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. METHODS 136 schizophrenia patients and 146 demographically matched healthy controls were enrolled for a cross-sectional study. High-spatial-resolution structural and resting-state functional images were acquired to demonstrate the alternations of brain structure and function. At the same time, the digit span and digit symbol coding tasks of the Chinese Wechsler Adult Intelligence Test Revised (WAIS-RC) were utilized in assessing the subjects' cognitive function. Patients were divided into cognitive impairment and normal cognitive groups according to their cognitive score and then compared whether there were differences between the three groups in fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF). In addition, we did a correlation analysis between cognitive function and the fALFF for the left IPL of patients and healthy controls. Based on the Allen Human Brain Atlas, we obtained genes expressed in the left IPL, which were then intersected with the transcriptome-wide association study results and differentially expressed genes in schizophrenia. RESULTS Grouping of patients by the backward digit span task and the digit symbol coding task showed differences in fALFF values between healthy controls and cognitive impairment patients (P < 0.05). We found a negative correlation between the backward digit span task score and fALFF of the left IPL in healthy controls (r = - 0.388, P = 0.003), which was not seen in patients (r = 0.203, P = 0.020). In addition, none of the other analyses were statistically significant (P > 0.017). In addition, we found that diacylglycerol kinase ζ (DGKζ) is differentially expressed in the left IPL and associated with schizophrenia. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that the left IPL plays a vital role in cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. DGKζ may act as an essential regulator in the left IPL of schizophrenia patients with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Fan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China
- Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shu-Wan Zhao
- Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jin-Jin Cui
- Department of Radiology, The Second Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Wen Gu
- Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jing-Wen Fan
- Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yu-Fei Fu
- Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ya-Hong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong Yin
- Department of Radiology, Xi'an People's Hospital, Xi'an, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and K. K. Leung Brain Research Centre, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Long-Biao Cui
- Schizophrenia Imaging Lab, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinic Genetics, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Yang K, Du R, Yang Q, Zhao R, Fan F, Chen S, Luo X, Tan S, Wang Z, Yu T, Tian B, Le TM, Li CSR, Tan Y. Cortical thickness of the inferior parietal lobule as a potential predictor of relapse in men with alcohol dependence. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2628081. [PMID: 36945425 PMCID: PMC10029073 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2628081/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Alcohol dependence (AD) is a disorder with a high recurrence rate that leads to a considerable public health burden. The risk of relapse appears to be related to a complex interplay of multiple factors. Herein, we aimed to explore the potential neural predictors of relapse in Chinese male patients with AD. Methods This study enrolled 58 male patients with AD who had undergone acute detoxification. General demographic information and clinical features were collected. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were used to measure cortical thickness across 34 regions of the brain. Patients were followed up at 6 months, and 51 patients completed the follow-up visit. These patients were divided into a relapser and an abstainer group. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate the potential risk factors of relapse. Results Compared to abstainers, relapsers showed higher inattention and non-planning impulsivity on the 11th version of the Barratt Impulsive Scale. The cortical thicknesses of the inferior-parietal lobule were significantly greater in abstainers compared with those in relapsers. Furthermore, binary logistic regression analysis showed that the thickness of the inferior parietal lobule predicted relapse. Conclusions Relapsers show poorer impulse control than abstainers, and MRI imaging shows a decreased thickness of the inferior parietal lobule in relapsers. Our results indicate the thickness of the inferior parietal lobule as a potential relapse predictor in male patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebing Yang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Ruonan Du
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Qingyan Yang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Rongjiang Zhao
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Fengmei Fan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Song Chen
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | | | - Shuping Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Zhiren Wang
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Ting Yu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | - Baopeng Tian
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
| | | | | | - Yunlong Tan
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing Huilongguan Hospital
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Di Pietro SV, Willinger D, Frei N, Lutz C, Coraj S, Schneider C, Stämpfli P, Brem S. Disentangling influences of dyslexia, development, and reading experience on effective brain connectivity in children. Neuroimage 2023; 268:119869. [PMID: 36639004 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.119869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered brain connectivity between regions of the reading network has been associated with reading difficulties. However, it remains unclear whether connectivity differences between children with dyslexia (DYS) and those with typical reading skills (TR) are specific to reading impairments or to reading experience. In this functional MRI study, 132 children (M = 10.06 y, SD = 1.46) performed a phonological lexical decision task. We aimed to disentangle (1) disorder-specific from (2) experience-related differences in effective connectivity and to (3) characterize the development of DYS and TR. We applied dynamic causal modeling to age-matched (ndys = 25, nTR = 35) and reading-level-matched (ndys = 25, nTR = 22) groups. Developmental effects were assessed in beginning and advanced readers (TR: nbeg = 48, nadv = 35, DYS: nbeg = 24, nadv = 25). We show that altered feedback connectivity between the inferior parietal lobule and the visual word form area (VWFA) during print processing can be specifically attributed to reading impairments, because these alterations were found in DYS compared to both the age-matched and reading-level-matched TR. In contrast, feedforward connectivity from the VWFA to parietal and frontal regions characterized experience in TR and increased with age and reading skill. These directed connectivity findings pinpoint disorder-specific and experience-dependent alterations in the brain's reading network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah V Di Pietro
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; URPP Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Willinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Nada Frei
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Lutz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seline Coraj
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Chiara Schneider
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Stämpfli
- MR-Center of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Brem
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland; Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Switzerland; URPP Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; MR-Center of the Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics and the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric Hospital, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Wang M, Yang P, Zhang T, Li W, Zhang J, Jin Z, Li L. Working memory biases early object discrimination and parietal activity during attentional selection. Cortex 2022; 157:53-64. [PMID: 36272331 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The contents of working memory (WM) guide visual attention, but the neural mechanisms underlying WM biases remains unclear. Here, we used simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) approaches to characterize the timing and location of the neural response underlying WM guidance during a visual search task. Behaviorally, we observed faster search performance when the WM contents matching targets (valid) compared to when WM contents did not reappear (neutral). The EEG data showed similar benefit effects of posterior N1 component, in which targets induced larger N1 amplitudes in the valid condition than in the neutral condition. Interestingly, the fMRI activation in left supramarginal gyrus (SMG)/inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and bilateral occipital cortex was lower in the valid compared to neutral conditions. Importantly, the magnitude of the increased N1 activity and the decreased fMRI activity in the left SMG/IPL predicted the extent of search improvement at an individual subject level. These results suggest that information held in WM enhances early object discrimination during attentional selection, and the left SMG/IPL may be a critical region in mediating goal-directed processing under WM biases in human visual attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- Bioinformatics and BioMedical Bigdata Mining Laboratory, School of Big Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Basic Psychological and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjuan Li
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenlan Jin
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
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Sun J, Du R, Zhang B, Hua Q, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Ji GJ, He K, Wang K. Minimal scanning duration for producing individualized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation targets. Brain Imaging Behav 2022. [PMID: 36181650 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00720-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the minimal scanning duration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) for producing individualized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targets that are superior to the group-level targets. This study included 30 healthy subjects and 20 depressive patients with high-sampled fMRI data (> 69 min). We computed suboptimal targets by gradually increasing the scanning duration beginning at 6 min. The suboptimal target connectivity and spatial distance to the optimal target (based on the full-duration scanning data) were compared to an anatomically fixed target from a group analysis (termed as the group target). These analyses were repeated for healthy subjects and depressive patients, as well as for target masks in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and inferior parietal lobule (IPL). As the scanning duration increased, the suboptimal targets gradually approached the optimal targets in the healthy subjects. Compared with the group targets, the suboptimal targets in the DLPFC showed higher connectivity strength after 10 min of data collection and shorter spatial distance after 40 min. Similar results were found in major depressive patients. In the IPL, the minimal scanning duration decreased to 6 and 8 min for connectivity strength and distance, respectively. These findings provide an important reference for individualized target definition in terms of scanning duration, which may standardize connectivity-based personalized studies. Future research is needed to further validate the therapeutic effects of the approach.
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Fan J, Liu W, Xia J, Gao F, Meng C, Han Y, Zhou H, Yi J, Tan C, Zhu X. Childhood trauma is associated with social anhedonia and brain gray matter volume differences in healthy subjects. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:1964-1972. [PMID: 35819706 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study tested the effects of childhood trauma (CT) on trait social anhedonia (SA) and on gray matter volume (GMV) and explored the possible relationships among CT, SA and brain GMV. Forty-three healthy individuals with experience of moderate-to-severe CT and sixty-eight individuals with no or low CT participated in the present study. Trait SA was evaluated using the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. GMV was measured using voxel-based morphometry. Participants with moderate-to-severe CT had elevated trait SA, as well as brain volumetric differences in left inferior parietal lobule (IPL), left precuneus, right insula, left superior temporal gyrus, and left middle occipital gyrus extending into middle temporal gyrus relative to participants with no or low level of CT. CT was also found to be positively correlated with GMV in right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral precuneus. Partial mediation effect of GMV in left IPL and right DLPFC on the relationship between CT and trait SA was significant. These findings suggest that CT may have effects on trait SA and on GMV of widespread brain regions. GMV differences in DLPFC and left IPL may mediate the effect of CT on trait SA, although this needs to be verified by future longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fan
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Wanting Liu
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Xia
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Chuyi Meng
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Han
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jinyao Yi
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Changlian Tan
- Department of Radiology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
| | - Xiongzhao Zhu
- Medical Psychological Center, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,Medical Psychological Institute of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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10
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Naaz F, Chen L, Gold AI, Samuels J, Krasnow J, Wang Y, Nestadt P, Kamath V, Chib VS, Nestadt G, Bakker A. Neural correlates of doubt in decision-making. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2021; 317:111370. [PMID: 34464764 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2021.111370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The experience of doubt, the lack of confidence in one's perceptions, internal states, memory and attention, can be due to the variability in occurrence of a phenomenon or can be driven by the internal experience of uncertainty based on subjective evaluation of the environment. Although the experience of some doubt is adaptive in normal cognitive functioning, excessive doubt can significantly impair decision-making and in extreme cases give rise to psychopathology. Although neuroimaging studies have provided some insight into the network of brain areas that is engaged when decision-making involves uncertainty, it remains unclear if dysfunction in these areas also gives rise to the experience and pathological expression of doubt. This study examined the neural correlates of doubt using neuroimaging during the performance of a forced-choice perceptual decision-making task under varying levels of uncertainty in participants who reported either low or high doubt. Participants reporting high doubt exhibited increased activation in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule (IPL) during perceptual decision-making which was not observed in participants who reported low doubt. Furthermore, activity in the IPL in high doubt participants was associated with clinical measures of doubt and showed functional connectivity differences between the high and low doubt groups. The findings of the current study suggest a key role of the IPL and provide a network of brain regions that may play a role in the experience and expression of doubt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naaz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liuyi Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Alaina I Gold
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Jack Samuels
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Janice Krasnow
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Paul Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vidyulata Kamath
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Vikram S Chib
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Gerald Nestadt
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Arnold Bakker
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States; Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States; F.M. Kirby Research Center, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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11
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Wang T, Chen X, Pan W, Xiao Q, Chen A. The neural network underlying individual differences in conflict adaptation effect. Biol Psychol 2021; 164:108150. [PMID: 34298127 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Individuals must constantly adjust their behavior to adapt to the changing environment, and this dynamic adjustment ability has been studied through the conflict adaptation effect (CAE). We explored the resting state brain network underlying individual differences in CAE. The functional connection strength between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and bilateral insula or right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) was negatively correlated with CAE, whereas the connection strength between DLPFC and left inferior parietal lobule was positively correlated with CAE. We speculated that, when faced with conflict, individuals with low CAE employ salience network to detect conflict, and then control is performed by DLPFC; in individuals with high CAEs who maintain a high level of control in all tasks, conflict is resolved mainly by the central executive network. In other words, in conflict tasks, individuals with high CAEs adopt proactive control strategies, but their counterparts with low CAEs employ reactive control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Aviation Human Factors and Ergonomics, Department of Aviation Psychology, Institute of Flight Technology, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan, China
| | - Weigang Pan
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Qianguo Xiao
- Laboratory of Cognition and Mental Health, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Antao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
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12
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Bečev O, Mareček R, Lamoš M, Majchrowicz B, Roman R, Brázdil M. Inferior parietal lobule involved in representation of "what" in a delayed-action Libet task. Conscious Cogn 2021; 93:103149. [PMID: 34098153 DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2021.103149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Intentional motor action is typically characterized by the decision about the timing, and the selection of the action variant, known as the "what" component. We compared free action selection with instructed action, where the movement type was externally cued, in order to investigate the action selection and action representation in a Libet's task. Temporal and spatial locus of these processes was examined using the combination of high-density electroencephalography, topographic analysis of variance, and source reconstruction. Instructed action, engaging representation of the response movement, was associated with distinct negativity at the parietal and centro-parietal channels starting around 750 ms before the movement, which has a source particularly in the bilateral inferior parietal lobule. This suggests that in delayed-action tasks, the process of action representation in the inferior parietal lobule may play an important part in the larger parieto-frontal activity responsible for movement selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej Bečev
- Brain and Mind Research, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, MU, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic; National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67 Klecany, Czech Republic.
| | - Radek Mareček
- Brain and Mind Research, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Lamoš
- Brain and Mind Research, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bartosz Majchrowicz
- Consciousness Lab, Institute of Psychology, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 6, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
| | - Robert Roman
- Brain and Mind Research, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research, CEITEC - Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, MU, Pekařská 664/53, 656 91 Brno, Czech Republic
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13
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Gao X, Hua Q, Du R, Sun J, Hu T, Yang J, Qiu B, Ji GJ, Wang K. Associative memory improvement after 5 days of magnetic stimulation: A replication experiment with active controls. Brain Res 2021; 1765:147510. [PMID: 33933433 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2021.147510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Associative memory (AM) is an essential function of everyday life, but is often disrupted in many neurological diseases. Recent studies have found that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can effectively enhance AM and have shown its potential in clinical applications. In this study, we aimed to reproduce the 5-day rTMS effect on AM in a Chinese version of a face-cued word recall task. In an open-label experiment, AM scores were significantly improved after active 20-Hz rTMS on individualized inferior parietal lobule (IPL) targets. To exclude the placebo effect, we performed a second experiment and added rTMS of the pre-supplementary motor area (preSMA) as an active control. In this within-subject crossover experiment, participants received active rTMS on IPL and preSMA targets, separated by at least 2 weeks. A Stroop task was included as a control test, which was more likely to be modulated by preSMA stimulations. We found that stimulations on IPL targets significantly improved AM, but this change did not significantly higher than that induced by preSMA stimulations. No significant change in Stroop measures were found in either IPL or preSMA condition. In summary, this study did not support that the 5 days of rTMS on individualized IPL targets could improve AM more than placebo rTMS. Further work is required to improve the rTMS paradigms to enhance the aftereffects in memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Gao
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230032, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorder and Mental Health, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Qiang Hua
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230032, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorder and Mental Health, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Rongrong Du
- Department of Medical Psychology, School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230032, China; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorder and Mental Health, Hefei 230000, China
| | - Jinmei Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tianzheng Hu
- ANDE College, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710311, China
| | - Jinying Yang
- Laboratory Center for Information Science, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Heifei National Lab for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and the Centers for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, China
| | - Gong-Jun Ji
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China.
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China; Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230088, China.
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14
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Qin P, Wu X, Wu C, Wu H, Zhang J, Huang Z, Weng X, Zang D, Qi Z, Tang W, Hiromi T, Tan J, Tanabe S, Fogel S, Hudetz AG, Yang Y, Stamatakis EA, Mao Y, Northoff G. Higher-order sensorimotor circuit of the brain's global network supports human consciousness. Neuroimage 2021; 231:117850. [PMID: 33582277 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Consciousness is a mental characteristic of the human mind, whose exact neural features remain unclear. We aimed to identify the critical nodes within the brain's global functional network that support consciousness. To that end, we collected a large fMRI resting state dataset with subjects in at least one of the following three consciousness states: preserved (including the healthy awake state, and patients with a brain injury history (BI) that is fully conscious), reduced (including the N1-sleep state, and minimally conscious state), and lost (including the N3-sleep state, anesthesia, and unresponsive wakefulness state). We also included a unique dataset of subjects in rapid eye movement sleep state (REM-sleep) to test for the presence of consciousness with minimum movements and sensory input. To identify critical nodes, i.e., hubs, within the brain's global functional network, we used a graph-theoretical measure of degree centrality conjoined with ROI-based functional connectivity. Using these methods, we identified various higher-order sensory and motor regions including the supplementary motor area, bilateral supramarginal gyrus (part of inferior parietal lobule), supragenual/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, and left middle temporal gyrus, that could be important hubs whose degree centrality was significantly reduced when consciousness was reduced or absent. Additionally, we identified a sensorimotor circuit, in which the functional connectivity among these regions was significantly correlated with levels of consciousness across the different groups, and remained present in the REM-sleep group. Taken together, we demonstrated that regions forming a higher-order sensorimotor integration circuit are involved in supporting consciousness within the brain's global functional network. That offers novel and more mechanism-guided treatment targets for disorders of consciousness.
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15
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Stepler KE, Mahoney ER, Kofler J, Hohman TJ, Lopez OL, Robinson RAS. Inclusion of African American/Black adults in a pilot brain proteomics study of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 146:105129. [PMID: 33049317 PMCID: PMC7990397 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects certain racial and ethnic subgroups, such as African American/Black and Hispanic adults. Genetic, comorbid, and socioeconomic risk factors contribute to this disparity; however, the molecular contributions have been largely unexplored. Herein, we conducted a pilot proteomics study of postmortem brains from African American/Black and non-Hispanic White adults neuropathologically diagnosed with AD compared to closely-matched cognitively normal individuals. Examination of hippocampus, inferior parietal lobule, and globus pallidus regions using quantitative proteomics resulted in 568 differentially-expressed proteins in AD. These proteins were consistent with the literature and included glial fibrillary acidic protein, peroxiredoxin-1, and annexin A5. In addition, 351 novel proteins in AD were identified, which could partially be due to cohort diversity. From linear regression analyses, we identified 185 proteins with significant race x diagnosis interactions across various brain regions. These differences generally were reflective of differential expression of proteins in AD that occurred in only a single racial/ethnic group. Overall, this pilot study suggests that disease understanding can be furthered by including diversity in racial/ethnic groups; however, this must be done on a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn E Stepler
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States of America
| | - Emily R Mahoney
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America
| | - Julia Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Timothy J Hohman
- Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America
| | - Oscar L Lopez
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States of America
| | - Renã A S Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States of America; Vanderbilt Memory & Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, United States of America; Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America.
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16
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Kaneko F, Shibata E, Okawada M, Nagamine T. Region-dependent bidirectional plasticity in M1 following quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation in the inferior parietal cortex. Brain Stimul 2019; 13:310-317. [PMID: 31711881 DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2019.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ability to manipulate the excitability of the network between the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and primary motor cortex (M1) may have clinical value. OBJECTIVE To investigate the possibility of inducing long-lasting changes in M1 excitability by applying quadripulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (QPS) to the IPL, and to ascertain stimulus condition- and site-dependent differences in the effects. METHODS QPS was applied to M1, the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), the supramarginal gyrus (SMG) and angular gyrus (AG) IPL areas, with the inter-stimulus interval (ISI) in the train of pulses set to either 5 ms (QPS-5) or 50 ms (QPS-50). QPS was repeated at 0.2 Hz for 30 min, or not presented (sham condition). Excitability changes in the target site were examined by means of single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). RESULTS QPS-5 and QPS-50 at M1 increased and decreased M1 excitability, respectively. QPS at S1 induced no obvious change in M1 excitability. However, QPS at the SMG induced mainly suppressive effects in M1 for at least 30 min, regardless of the ISI length. Both QPS ISIs at the AG yielded significantly different MEP compared to those at the SMG. Thus, the direction of the plastic effect of QPS differed depending on the site, even under the same stimulation conditions. CONCLUSIONS QPS at the IPL produced long-lasting changes in M1 excitability, which differed depending on the precise stimulation site within the IPL. These results raise the possibility of noninvasive induction of functional plasticity in M1 via input from the IPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminari Kaneko
- First Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17, Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shjinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan.
| | - Eriko Shibata
- First Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17, Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Megumi Okawada
- First Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17, Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shjinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagamine
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17, Chuo, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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17
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Dai J, Li C, Zhai H. Development of the functional connectivity of the frontoparietal mirror neuron network in preschool Children: An investigation under resting state. J Clin Neurosci 2019; 70:214-220. [PMID: 31548088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous task-related imaging studies in adults have demonstrated that there is a frontoparietal mirror neuron system (MNS) that preferentially engages in self-recognition. However, the development of the MNS during preschool (age 3-5 years) has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we investigated the development of the MNS by examining the correlations in spontaneous fluctuations of the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in healthy, 3-5-year-old preschool children (n = 30, 15 in each group). Using a ROI-based (inferior frontal gyrus) functional connectivity analysis, we identified a right lateralized MNS during rest in both groups with a positive correlation between the inferior frontal gyrus and inferior parietal lobule. A significant increase in the functional connectivity of the MNS was observed in the older group. Our results suggest that the spontaneous functional connectivity of the MNS is shaped at as early as 3 years of age and undergoes age-related development within the preschool period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiang Dai
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chaolin Li
- Center of Network and Modern Educational Technology, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Hongchang Zhai
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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18
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Maffei A, Spironelli C, Angrilli A. Affective and cortical EEG gamma responses to emotional movies in women with high vs low traits of empathy. Neuropsychologia 2019; 133:107175. [PMID: 31449821 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study sought to investigate how differences in trait empathy can influence emotional reactivity to a specific set of affective categories. Forty-one female students, divided in High (HE, n = 20) and Low (LE, n = 21) trait empathy, watched eight validated movie clips divided in four emotional categories (Erotic, Fear, Compassion and Neutral) while subjective evaluation of emotion and EEG gamma activity were recorded. Analysis of self-reports revealed that HE compared to LE exhibited an increased arousal level to all emotional clips. Concerning EEG data, the HE group showed a greater cortical gamma to all the emotional categories compared to the Neutral, while the LE group had greater response only to the negative clips. Participants in the HE group also showed a strong positive correlation between subjective arousal and cortical activity in response to Fear and Compassion clips. The greatest correlation was found to Compassion clips and was located in the right inferior parietal lobe (r(18) = 0.63), an important hub for both sensory-emotion integration and empathic sharing of others' emotions. Results suggest that high empathy was associated with enhanced gamma activity and greater self-reported arousal to all emotional stimuli. Furthermore, in this group, scenes with crying characters prompted a distinctive and localized cortical processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Maffei
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Spironelli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy; PNC - Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Angrilli
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy; IN CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova Section, Italy; PNC - Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy.
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19
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Javaheripour N, Shahdipour N, Noori K, Zarei M, Camilleri JA, Laird AR, Fox PT, Eickhoff SB, Eickhoff CR, Rosenzweig I, Khazaie H, Tahmasian M. Functional brain alterations in acute sleep deprivation: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2019; 46:64-73. [PMID: 31063939 PMCID: PMC7279069 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sleep deprivation (SD) is a common problem in modern societies, which leads to cognitive dysfunctions including attention lapses, impaired working memory, hindering decision making, impaired emotional processing, and motor vehicle accidents. Numerous neuroimaging studies have investigated the neural correlates of SD, but these studies have reported inconsistent results. Thus, we aimed to identify convergent patterns of abnormal brain functions due to acute SD. Based on the preferred reporting for systematic reviews and meta-analyses statement, we searched the PubMed database and performed reference tracking and finally retrieved 31 eligible functional neuroimaging studies. Then, we applied activation estimation likelihood meta-analysis and found reduced activity mainly in the right intraparietal sulcus and superior parietal lobule. The functional decoding analysis using the BrainMap database indicated that this region is mostly related to visuospatial perception, memory and reasoning. The significant co-activation of this region using the BrainMap database were found in the left superior parietal lobule, intraparietal sulcus, bilateral occipital cortex, left fusiform gyrus and thalamus. This region also connected with the superior parietal lobule, intraparietal sulcus, insula, inferior frontal gyrus, precentral, occipital and cerebellum through resting-state functional connectivity in healthy subjects. Taken together, our findings highlight the role of superior parietal cortex in SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nooshin Javaheripour
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Shahdipour
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Noori
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Julia A Camilleri
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA; South Texas Veterans Healthcare System University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1; INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia R Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1; INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ivana Rosenzweig
- Sleep Disorders Centre, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, GSTT NHS, London, UK; Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, IOPPN, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Wikman P, Rinne T. Interaction of the effects associated with auditory-motor integration and attention-engaging listening tasks. Neuropsychologia 2019; 124:322-36. [PMID: 30444980 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A number of previous studies have implicated regions in posterior auditory cortex (AC) in auditory-motor integration during speech production. Other studies, in turn, have shown that activation in AC and adjacent regions in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is strongly modulated during active listening and depends on task requirements. The present fMRI study investigated whether auditory-motor effects interact with those related to active listening tasks in AC and IPL. In separate task blocks, our subjects performed either auditory discrimination or 2-back memory tasks on phonemic or nonphonemic vowels. They responded to targets by either overtly repeating the last vowel of a target pair, overtly producing a given response vowel, or by pressing a response button. We hypothesized that the requirements for auditory-motor integration, and the associated activation, would be stronger during repetition than production responses and during repetition of nonphonemic than phonemic vowels. We also hypothesized that if auditory-motor effects are independent of task-dependent modulations, then the auditory-motor effects should not differ during discrimination and 2-back tasks. We found that activation in AC and IPL was significantly modulated by task (discrimination vs. 2-back), vocal-response type (repetition vs. production), and motor-response type (vocal vs. button). Motor-response and task effects interacted in IPL but not in AC. Overall, the results support the view that regions in posterior AC are important in auditory-motor integration. However, the present study shows that activation in wide AC and IPL regions is modulated by the motor requirements of active listening tasks in a more general manner. Further, the results suggest that activation modulations in AC associated with attention-engaging listening tasks and those associated with auditory-motor performance are mediated by independent mechanisms.
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Nakamagoe K, Yamada S, Kawakami R, Miyake Z, Tozaka N, Okune S, Takeda H, Koganezawa T, Tamaoka A. Vestibular dysfunction as cortical damage with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2019; 397:4-8. [PMID: 30551075 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cortical damage in areas such as the frontal lobe is reported in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, aside from executive dysfunction, the pathological significance of this cortical damage has yet to be clarified. The present study investigated the effects of cortical damage on vestibular function in ALS. METHODS Subjects comprised 18 ALS patients and 18 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Cold air caloric stimulation was performed in all subjects to induce vestibular nystagmus, which was analysed to evaluate vestibular function. Visual suppression testing to investigate the suppressive effects of visual stimuli on vestibular nystagmus was expressed as suppression rate (SR, %). Executive function was tested using the frontal assessment battery (FAB). RESULTS Suppression rate and FAB score were significantly lower in the ALS group than in the control group (p < 0.01 each). A positive correlation was also observed between SR and FAB score (R = 0.65, p = 0.023). CONCLUSION Visual suppression testing showed significant damage to the central nervous system vestibular control mechanisms, which utilize visual information in the ALS group and a positive correlation between SR and FAB score suggest a relationship between frontal lobe damage and impaired vestibular control. A simple vestibular function test may be useful as a tool to objectively monitor the progression of cerebral lesions in ALS.
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Sahan MI, Majerus S, Andres M, Fias W. Functionally distinct contributions of parietal cortex to a numerical landmark task: An fMRI study. Cortex 2018; 114:28-40. [PMID: 30527713 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed at establishing the neural basis of magnitude processing of multiple numbers from working memory. We designed a numerical landmark task and embedded it in a fragmented trial event-related fMRI design, allowing to separate encoding from decision processing. An attentional localiser task not involving numbers allowed further functional specification. The results show that in a numerical landmark task the right anterior intraparietal sulcus is involved in number encoding while more posterior parietal regions, bilateral superior parietal lobule and right inferior parietal lobule, provide domain-general support in the form of constructing a working memory representation or orienting spatial attention within that mental representation during number comparison. The results are in line with earlier studies reporting a functional distinction between anterior and posterior parietal contributions to number processing and further specify their role at a functional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammet Ikbal Sahan
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ghent University, Belgium.
| | - Steve Majerus
- Psychology & Neuroscience of Cognition Unit, Université de Liège, Belgium; Fund for Scientific Research FNRS, Belgium
| | - Michael Andres
- Department of Psychology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium
| | - Wim Fias
- Department of Experimental Psychology and Ghent Institute for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, Ghent University, Belgium.
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Jiang J, Liu F, Zhou L, Jiang C. The neural basis for understanding imitation-induced musical meaning: The role of the human mirror system. Behav Brain Res 2018; 359:362-369. [PMID: 30458161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Music can convey meanings by imitating phenomena of the extramusical world, and these imitation-induced musical meanings can be understood by listeners. Although the human mirror system (HMS) is implicated in imitation, little is known about the HMS's role in making sense of meaning that derives from musical imitation. To answer this question, we used fMRI to examine listeners' brain activities during the processing of imitation-induced musical meaning with a cross-modal semantic priming paradigm. Eleven normal individuals and 11 individuals with congenital amusia, a neurodevelopmental disorder of musical processing, participated in the experiment. Target pictures with either an upward or downward movement were primed by semantically congruent or incongruent melodic sequences characterized by the direction of pitch change (upward or downward). When contrasting the incongruent with the congruent condition between the two groups, we found greater activations in the left supramarginal gyrus/inferior parietal lobule and inferior frontal gyrus in normals but not in amusics. The implications of these findings in terms of the role of the HMS in understanding imitation-induced musical meaning are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiang
- Music College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Linshu Zhou
- Music College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunmei Jiang
- Music College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psychology, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China.
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Abstract
This chapter begins with a brief review of descriptions and definitions of mystical-type experiences and the historical connection between classic hallucinogens and mystical experiences. The chapter then explores the empirical literature on experiences with classic hallucinogens in which claims about mystical or religious experiences have been made. A psychometrically validated questionnaire is described for the reliable measurement of mystical-type experiences occasioned by classic hallucinogens. Controlled laboratory studies show that under double-blind conditions that provide significant controls for expectancy bias, psilocybin can occasion complete mystical experiences in the majority of people studied. These effects are dose-dependent, specific to psilocybin compared to placebo or a psychoactive control substance, and have enduring impact on the moods, attitudes, and behaviors of participants as assessed by self-report of participants and ratings by community observers. Other studies suggest that enduring personal meaning in healthy volunteers and therapeutic outcomes in patients, including reduction and cessation of substance abuse behaviors and reduction of anxiety and depression in patients with a life-threatening cancer diagnosis, are related to the occurrence of mystical experiences during drug sessions. The final sections of the chapter draw parallels in human neuroscience research between the neural bases of experiences with classic hallucinogens and the neural bases of meditative practices for which claims of mystical-type experience are sometimes made. From these parallels, a functional neural model of mystical experience is proposed, based on changes in the default mode network of the brain that have been observed after the administration of classic hallucinogens and during meditation practices for which mystical-type claims have been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick S Barrett
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - Roland R Griffiths
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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De Pretto M, Deiber MP, James CE. Steady-state evoked potentials distinguish brain mechanisms of self-paced versus synchronization finger tapping. Hum Mov Sci 2018; 61:151-166. [PMID: 30098488 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Sensorimotor synchronization (SMS) requires aligning motor actions to external events and represents a core part of both musical and dance performances. In the current study, to isolate the brain mechanisms involved in synchronizing finger tapping with a musical beat, we compared SMS to pure self-paced finger tapping and listen-only conditions at different tempi. We analyzed EEG data using frequency domain steady-state evoked potentials (SSEPs) to identify sustained electrophysiological brain activity during repetitive tasks. Behavioral results revealed different timing modes between SMS and self-paced finger tapping, associated with distinct scalp topographies, thus suggesting different underlying brain sources. After subtraction of the listen-only brain activity, SMS was compared to self-paced finger tapping. Resulting source estimations showed stronger activation of the left inferior frontal gyrus during SMS, and stronger activation of the bilateral inferior parietal lobule during self-paced finger tapping. These results point to the left inferior frontal gyrus as a pivot for perception-action coupling. We discuss our findings in the context of the ongoing debate about SSEPs interpretation given the variety of brain events contributing to SSEPs and similar EEG frequency responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael De Pretto
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Neurology Unit, Medicine Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 5, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, UK.
| | - Marie-Pierre Deiber
- Psychiatry Department, Division of Psychiatric Specialties, University Hospitals of Geneva, 20 bis rue de Lausanne, CH-1201 Geneva, Switzerland; NCCR Synapsy, 9 Chemin des Mines, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Clara E James
- Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, 40 Boulevard du Pont-d'Arve, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland; School of Health Sciences Geneva, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, 47 Avenue de Champel, CH-1206 Geneva, Switzerland
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Wang C, Wu H, Chen F, Xu J, Li H, Li H, Wang J. Disrupted functional connectivity patterns of the insula subregions in drug-free major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2018; 234:297-304. [PMID: 29587165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) is characterized by impairments in emotional and cognitive functions. Emerging studies have shown that cognition and emotion interact by reaching identical brain regions, and the insula is one such region with functional and structural heterogeneity. Although previous literatures have shown the role of insula in MDD,it remains unclear whether the insular subregions show differential change patterns in MDD. METHODS Using the resting-state fMRI data in a group of 23 drug-free MDD patients and 34 healthy controls (HCs), we investigated whether the abnormal connectivity patterns of insular sub-regions or any behavioural correlates can be detected in MDD. Further hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify the functional connectivity-clustering patterns of insular sub-regions. RESULTS Compared with HCs, the MDD exhibited higher connectivities between dorsal agranular insula and inferior parietal lobule and between ventral dysgranular and granular insula and thalamus/habehula, and lower connectivity of hypergranular insula to subgenual anterior cingulate cortex. Moreover, the three subregions with significant group differences were in three separate functional systems along anterior-to-posteior gradient. The anterior and middle insula showed positive correlation with depressive severity, while the posterior insular was to the contrary. LIMITATIONS The small and unbalanced sample size, only included moderate and severe depression and the possible inter-individual differences may limit the interpretability. CONCLUSIONS These findings provided evidences for the MDD-related effects in functional connectivity patterns of insular subregions, and revealed that the subregions might be involved in different neural circuits associated with the contrary impacts on the depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huawang Wu
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (Guangzhou Huiai Hospital), Guangzhou 100053, China
| | - Fangfang Chen
- College of mathematics and statistics, Shenzhen University of China, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jinping Xu
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hongming Li
- Center for Biomedical Image Computing and Analytics, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hong Li
- College of Psychology and Sociology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Affective and Social Cognitive Science, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; Center for Language and Brain, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 625014, China.
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Okamoto Y, Kitada R, Miyahara M, Kochiyama T, Naruse H, Sadato N, Okazawa H, Kosaka H. Altered perspective-dependent brain activation while viewing hands and associated imitation difficulties in individuals with autism spectrum disorder. Neuroimage Clin 2018; 19:384-395. [PMID: 30035023 PMCID: PMC6051493 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) appear to have a unique awareness of their own body, which may be associated with difficulties of gestural interaction. In typically developing (TD) individuals, the perception of body parts is processed in various brain regions. For instance, activation of the lateral occipito-temporal cortex (LOTC) is known to depend on perspective (i.e., first- or third-person perspective) and identity (i.e., own vs. another person's body). In the present study, we examined how perspective and identity affect brain activation in individuals with ASD, and how perspective- and identity-dependent brain activation is associated with gestural imitation abilities. Methods Eighteen young adults with ASD and 18 TD individuals participated in an fMRI study in which the participants observed their own or another person's hands from the first- and third-person perspectives. We examined whether the brain activation associated with perspective and identity was altered in individuals with ASD. Furthermore, we identified the brain regions the activity of which correlated with gestural imitation difficulties in individuals with ASD. Results In the TD group, the left LOTC was more strongly activated by viewing a hand from the third-person perspective compared with the first-person perspective. This perspective effect in the left LOTC was significantly attenuated in the ASD group. We also observed significant group differences in the perspective effect in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Correlation analysis revealed that the perspective effect in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and cerebellum was associated with the gestural imitation ability in individuals with ASD. Conclusions Our study suggests that atypical visual self-body recognition in individuals with ASD is associated with an altered perspective effect in the LOTC and mPFC, which are thought to be involved in the physical and core selves, respectively. Furthermore, the gestural imitation difficulty in individuals with ASD might be associated with the altered activation in the IPL and cerebellum, but not in the LOTC. These findings shed light on common and divergent neural mechanisms underlying atypical visual self-body awareness and gestural interaction in ASD.
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Key Words
- ACC, anterior cingulate cortex
- AQ, autism spectrum quotient
- ASD, autism spectrum disorder
- Autism spectrum disorder
- CMS, cortical midline structure
- Cerebellum
- DISCO, diagnostic Interview for Social and communication Disorders
- EBA, extrastriate body area
- FISQ, full-scale intelligence quotient
- Functional magnetic resonance imaging
- IOG, inferior occipital gyrus
- IPL, inferior parietal lobule
- IQ, intelligence quotient
- Imitation
- Inferior parietal lobule
- LOTC, lateral occipito-temporal cortex
- Lateral occipito-temporal cortex
- MFG, middle frontal gyrus
- MNS, mirror neuron system
- MOG, middle occipital gyrus
- SRS, social responsiveness scale
- TD, typically developing
- ULS, upper limb sensitive
- Visual self-body recognition
- mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Okamoto
- ATR-Promotions, Brain Activity Imaging Center, Kyoto, Japan; Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Ryo Kitada
- Division of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Motohide Miyahara
- School of Physical Education, Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
| | - Takanori Kochiyama
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Naruse
- Division of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- Department of Cerebral Research, Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Aichi, Japan; Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Hidehiko Okazawa
- Biomedical Imaging Research Center, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
| | - Hirotaka Kosaka
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan; Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan.
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Campbell MEJ, Mehrkanoon S, Cunnington R. Intentionally not imitating: Insula cortex engaged for top-down control of action mirroring. Neuropsychologia 2018; 111:241-251. [PMID: 29408525 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Perception and action are inextricably linked, down to the level of single cells which have both visual and motor response properties - dubbed 'mirror neurons'. The mirror neuron system is generally associated with direct-matching or resonance between observed and executed actions (and goals). Yet in everyday interactions responding to another's movements with matching actions (or goals) is not always appropriate. Here we examine processes associated with intentionally not imitating, as separable from merely detecting an observed action as mismatching one's own. Using fMRI, we test how matched and mismatched stimulus-response mapping for actions is modulated depending on task-relevance. Participants were either cued to intentionally copy or oppose a presented action (intentional imitation or counter-imitation), or cued to perform a predefined action regardless of the presented action (incidental imitation or counter-imitation). We found distinct cortical networks underlying imitation compared to counter-imitation, involving areas typically associated with an action observation network and widespread occipital activation. Intentionally counter-imitating particularly involved frontal-parietal networks, including the insula and cingulate cortices. This task-dependent recruitment of frontal networks for the intentional selection of opposing responses supports previous evidence for the preparatory suppression of imitative responses. Sensorimotor mirroring is modulated via control processes, which complex human interactions often require.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E J Campbell
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia.
| | - Steve Mehrkanoon
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Ross Cunnington
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia; School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
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Tissieres I, Fornari E, Clarke S, Crottaz-Herbette S. Supramodal effect of rightward prismatic adaptation on spatial representations within the ventral attentional system. Brain Struct Funct 2017; 223:1459-1471. [PMID: 29151115 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-017-1572-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Rightward prismatic adaptation (R-PA) was shown to alleviate not only visuo-spatial but also auditory symptoms in neglect. The neural mechanisms underlying the effect of R-PA have been previously investigated in visual tasks, demonstrating a shift of hemispheric dominance for visuo-spatial attention from the right to the left hemisphere both in normal subjects and in patients. We have investigated whether the same neural mechanisms underlie the supramodal effect of R-PA on auditory attention. Normal subjects underwent a brief session of R-PA, which was preceded and followed by an fMRI evaluation during which subjects detected targets within the left, central and right space in the auditory or visual modality. R-PA-related changes in activation patterns were found bilaterally in the inferior parietal lobule. In either modality, the representation of the left, central and right space increased in the left IPL, whereas the representation of the right space decreased in the right IPL. Thus, a brief exposure to R-PA modulated the representation of the auditory and visual space within the ventral attentional system. This shift in hemispheric dominance for auditory spatial attention offers a parsimonious explanation for the previously reported effects of R-PA on auditory symptoms in neglect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Tissieres
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Av. Pierre-Decker 5, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eleonora Fornari
- CIBM (Centre d'Imagerie Biomédicale), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephanie Clarke
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Av. Pierre-Decker 5, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sonia Crottaz-Herbette
- Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), University of Lausanne, Av. Pierre-Decker 5, 1011, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Tahmasian M, Eickhoff SB, Giehl K, Schwartz F, Herz DM, Drzezga A, van Eimeren T, Laird AR, Fox PT, Khazaie H, Zarei M, Eggers C, Eickhoff CR. Resting-state functional reorganization in Parkinson's disease: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis. Cortex 2017; 92:119-138. [PMID: 28467917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2017.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 01/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Studies using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate underlying pathophysiology of motor and non-motor symptoms in PD yielded largely inconsistent results. This quantitative neuroimaging meta-analysis aims to identify consistent abnormal intrinsic functional patterns in PD across studies. We used PubMed to retrieve suitable resting-state studies and stereotactic data were extracted from 28 individual between-group comparisons. Convergence across their findings was tested using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) approach. We found convergent evidence for intrinsic functional disturbances in bilateral inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and the supramarginal gyrus in PD patients compared to healthy subjects. In follow-up task-based and task-independent functional connectivity (FC) analyses using two independent healthy subject data sets, we found that the regions showing convergent aberrations in PD formed an interconnected network mainly with the default mode network (DMN). Behavioral characterization of these regions using the BrainMap database suggested associated dysfunction of perception and executive processes. Taken together, our findings highlight the role of parietal cortex in the pathophysiology of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Tahmasian
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience & Medical Psychology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, INM-7), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Giehl
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Schwartz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany
| | - Damian M Herz
- Medical Research Council Brain Network Dynamics Unit at the University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander Drzezga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thilo van Eimeren
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Angela R Laird
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Peter T Fox
- Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA; South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Habibolah Khazaie
- Sleep Disorders Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Zarei
- Institute of Medical Sciences and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
| | - Carsten Eggers
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology, Phillips University Marburg, Germany
| | - Claudia R Eickhoff
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
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Wang M, Zhang J, Dong G, Zhang H, Lu H, Du X. Development of rostral inferior parietal lobule area functional connectivity from late childhood to early adulthood. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 59:31-36. [PMID: 28285946 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mirror neuron system (MNS) has been extensively studied in monkeys and adult humans, very little is known about its development. Previous studies suggest that the MNS is present by infancy and that the brain and MNS-related cognitive abilities (such as language, empathy, and imitation learning) continue to develop after childhood. In humans, the PFt area of the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) seems to particularly correlate with the functional properties of the PF area in primates, which contains mirror neurons. However, little is known about the functional connectivity (FC) of the PFt area with other brain areas and whether these networks change over time. Here, we investigated the FC development of the PFt area-based network in 59 healthy subjects aged 7-26 years at resting-state to study brain development from late childhood through adolescence to early adulthood. The bilateral PFt showed similar core FC networks, which included the frontal lobe, the cingulate gyri, the insula, the somatosensory cortex, the precuneus, the superior and inferior parietal lobules, the temporal lobe, and the cerebellum posterior lobes. Furthermore, the FC between the left PFt and the left IPL exhibited a significantly positive correlation with age, and the FC between the left PFt and the right postcentral gyrus exhibited a significantly negative correlation with age. In addition, the FC between the right PFt and the right putamen exhibited a significantly negative correlation with age. Our findings suggest that the PFt area-based network develops and is reorganized with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Jilei Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Guangheng Dong
- Department of Psychology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province 321004, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Haifeng Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Xiaoxia Du
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Department of Physics, School of Physics and Materials Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, China.
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Nakamagoe K, Kadono K, Koganezawa T, Takiguchi M, Terada M, Yamamoto F, Moriyama T, Yanagiha K, Nohara S, Tozaka N, Miyake Z, Aizawa S, Furusho K, Tamaoka A. Vestibular Impairment in Frontotemporal Dementia Syndrome. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2016; 6:194-204. [PMID: 27350780 PMCID: PMC4913767 DOI: 10.1159/000445870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background No studies to date have attempted to evaluate frontotemporal lobar degeneration from the perspective of the vestibular system. Objective The present study examined vestibular function in patients with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) clinical syndrome and evaluated whether vestibular disorders are involved in the clinical symptoms due to FTD. Methods Fourteen patients with FTD syndrome, as well as healthy elderly controls without dementia, were included in the present study. All subjects underwent vestibular function tests using electronystagmography, such as caloric tests and visual suppression (VS) tests, in which the induced caloric nystagmus was suppressed by visual stimuli. The association between clinical symptoms and vestibular function in the FTD syndrome group was further examined. Results In the FTD syndrome group, caloric nystagmus was not necessarily suppressed during VS tests. Furthermore, VS was observed to be significantly impaired in FTD syndrome patients with gait disturbance as compared to those without such disturbance. Conclusion The present study revealed that impairment of VS in patients with FTD results in an inability to regulate vestibular function by means of visual perception, regardless of multiple presumed neuropathological backgrounds. This could also be associated with gait disturbance in patients with FTD syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyotaka Nakamagoe
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kotarou Kadono
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tadachika Koganezawa
- Department of Physiology, Division of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Mao Takiguchi
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Makoto Terada
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fumiko Yamamoto
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Moriyama
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kumi Yanagiha
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Seitaro Nohara
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Naoki Tozaka
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Zenshi Miyake
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Aizawa
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kentaro Furusho
- Department of Neurology, Ryugasaki Saiseikai Hospital, Ryugasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Tamaoka
- Department of Neurology, Division of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Liu X, Zhuo C, Qin W, Zhu J, Xu L, Xu Y, Yu C. Selective functional connectivity abnormality of the transition zone of the inferior parietal lobule in schizophrenia. Neuroimage Clin 2016; 11:789-795. [PMID: 27354957 PMCID: PMC4910186 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Structural and functional alterations in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) in schizophrenia have been frequently reported; however, the IPL connectivity changes in schizophrenia remain largely unknown. Based on heterogeneity of the IPL in structure, connection and function, we hypothesize that the resting-state functional connectivities (rsFCs) of the IPL subregions are differentially affected in schizophrenia. This study included 95 schizophrenia patients and 104 healthy controls. The IPL subregions were defined according to a previous in vivo connection-based parcellation study. We calculated the rsFC of each IPL subregion and compared them between the two groups while controlling for the effects of age, gender, and grey matter volume. Among the six subregions of the left IPL and the five subregions of the right IPL, only the bilateral PFm (a transition zone of the IPL) subregions exhibited abnormal rsFC in schizophrenia. Specifically, the left PFm showed increased rsFC with the bilateral lingual gyri in schizophrenia patients than in healthy controls. The right PFm exhibited increased rsFC with the right lingual gyrus and inferior occipital gyrus, and bilateral mid-cingulate and sensorimotor cortices in schizophrenia patients. These findings suggest a selective rsFC abnormality in the IPL subregions in schizophrenia, characterized by the increased rsFC between the PFm subregion of the IPL and the visual and sensorimotor areas. Investigation of the subregional-level rsFC changes of the IPL in schizophrenia The PFm is only IPL subregion with significant rsFC changes in schizophrenia. Suggesting a selective rsFC abnormality in the IPL subregions in schizophrenia
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Liu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chuanjun Zhuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Jiajia Zhu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Lixue Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Yongjie Xu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of Radiology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Imaging, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
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Möttönen R, Farmer H, Watkins KE. Neural basis of understanding communicative actions: Changes associated with knowing the actor's intention and the meanings of the actions. Neuropsychologia 2016; 81:230-237. [PMID: 26752450 PMCID: PMC4749541 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
People can communicate by using hand actions, e.g., signs. Understanding communicative actions requires that the observer knows that the actor has an intention to communicate and the meanings of the actions. Here, we investigated how this prior knowledge affects processing of observed actions. We used functional MRI to determine changes in action processing when non-signers were told that the observed actions are communicative (i.e., signs) and learned the meanings of half of the actions. Processing of hand actions activated the left and right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG, BA 44 and 45) when the communicative intention of the actor was known, even when the meanings of the actions remained unknown. These regions were not active when the observers did not know about the communicative nature of the hand actions. These findings suggest that the left and right IFG play a role in understanding the intention of the actor, but do not process visuospatial features of the communicative actions. Knowing the meanings of the hand actions further enhanced activity in the anterior part of the IFG (BA 45), the inferior parietal lobule and posterior inferior and middle temporal gyri in the left hemisphere. These left-hemisphere language regions could provide a link between meanings and observed actions. In sum, the findings provide evidence for the segregation of the networks involved in the neural processing of visuospatial features of communicative hand actions and those involved in understanding the actor’s intention and the meanings of the actions. Participants observed hand actions before and after learning that they are signs. Learning-induced changes in brain activity measured using fMRI. No activity in mirror neuron system when actions were not known to be communicative. Knowing the actor’s intention to communicate activated IFG and IPL. Knowing meanings of the actions increased activity in left IFG (BA 45), IPL and MTG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka Möttönen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK; Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.
| | - Harry Farmer
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Kate E Watkins
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK; Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain (FMRIB), University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
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Harinen K, Rinne T. Acoustical and categorical tasks differently modulate activations of human auditory cortex to vowels. Brain Lang 2014; 138:71-79. [PMID: 25313844 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present study compared activations to prototype, nonprototype, nonphonemic, and cross-category vowel pairs during vowel discrimination, category discrimination, 2-back, and visual tasks. Our results support previous findings that areas of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) are sensitive to the speech-level difference between prototype vs. nonprototype and phonemic vs. nonphonemic vowels. Further, consistent with previous studies, we found enhanced activations in anterior-posterior STG and inferior parietal lobule (IPL) during the vowel discrimination and 2-back tasks, respectively. Unlike the vowel discrimination task, the category discrimination task was associated with strong IPL activations. Our results provide evidence that activations in STG and IPL strongly depend on whether the task requires analysis of detailed acoustical information or operations on categorical representations. Based on previous studies investigating activations during categorical pitch and spatial tasks, we argue that this distinction is probably not specific to speech.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsi Harinen
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Teemu Rinne
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland; Advanced Magnetic Imaging Centre, Aalto University School of Science, Finland
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Klepousniotou E, Gracco VL, Pike GB. Pathways to lexical ambiguity: fMRI evidence for bilateral fronto-parietal involvement in language processing. Brain Lang 2014; 131:56-64. [PMID: 24183467 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Numerous functional neuroimaging studies reported increased activity in the pars opercularis and the pars triangularis (Brodmann's areas 44 and 45) of the left hemisphere during the performance of linguistic tasks. The role of these areas in the right hemisphere in language processing is not understood and, although there is evidence from lesion studies that the right hemisphere is involved in the appreciation of semantic relations, no specific anatomical substrate has yet been identified. This event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study compared brain activity during the performance of language processing trials in which either dominant or subordinate meaning activation of ambiguous words was required. The results show that the ventral part of the pars opercularis both in the left and the right hemisphere is centrally involved in language processing. In addition, they highlight the bilateral co-activation of this region with the supramarginal gyrus of the inferior parietal lobule during the processing of this type of linguistic material. This study, thus, provides the first evidence of co-activation of Broca's region and the inferior parietal lobule, succeeding in further specifying the relative contribution of these cortical areas to language processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterini Klepousniotou
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Centre for Research on Language, Mind, and Brain, McGill University, 3640 de la Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2A8, Canada.
| | - Vincent L Gracco
- Centre for Research on Language, Mind, and Brain, McGill University, 3640 de la Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2A8, Canada; School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, McGill University, 1266 Pine Avenue West, Montreal, QC H3G 1A8, Canada
| | - G Bruce Pike
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada; Centre for Research on Language, Mind, and Brain, McGill University, 3640 de la Montagne, Montreal, QC H3G 2A8, Canada
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Philip NS, Kuras YI, Valentine TR, Sweet LH, Tyrka AR, Price LH, Carpenter LL. Regional homogeneity and resting state functional connectivity: associations with exposure to early life stress. Psychiatry Res 2013; 214:247-53. [PMID: 24090510 PMCID: PMC3849340 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Early life stress (ELS) confers risk for psychiatric illness. Previous literature suggests ELS is associated with decreased resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in adulthood, but there are no studies of resting-state neuronal activity in this population. This study investigated whether ELS-exposed individuals demonstrate resting-state activity patterns similar to those found in PTSD. Twenty-seven adults (14 with at least moderate ELS), who were medication-free and without psychiatric or medical illness, underwent MRI scans during two 4-minute rest periods. Resting-state activity was examined using regional homogeneity (ReHo), which estimates regional activation patterns through indices of localized concordance. ReHo values were compared between groups, followed by rs-FC analyses utilizing ReHo-localized areas as seeds to identify other involved regions. Relative to controls, ELS subjects demonstrated diminished ReHo in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL) and superior temporal gyrus (STG). ReHo values were inversely correlated with ELS severity. Secondary analyses revealed decreased rs-FC between the IPL and right precuneus/posterior cingulate, left fusiform gyrus, cerebellum and caudate in ELS subjects. These findings indicate that ELS is associated with altered resting-state activity and connectivity in brain regions involved in trauma-related psychiatric disorders. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether these associations represent potential imaging biomarkers of stress exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah S Philip
- Laboratory for Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, Butler Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States.
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Danivas V, Kalmady S, Arasappa R, Behere RV, Rao NP, Venkatasubramanian G, Gangadhar BN. Inferior parietal lobule volume and schneiderian first-rank symptoms in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia: a 3-tesla MRI study. Indian J Psychol Med 2009; 31:82-7. [PMID: 21938100 PMCID: PMC3168090 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7176.63578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As per Frith's neuro-cognitive model, inferior parietal lobule (IPL) is implicated in the pathogenesis of Schneiderian first-rank symptoms (FRS) in schizophrenia. The specific role of IPL structural abnormalities in the pathogenesis of FRS is yet to be ascertained. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using 3-tesla MRI scanner, this first-time study examined antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients ( n = 28) (patients with FRS [FRS +]: N = 14, M: F = 7:7; and patients without FRS [FRS-]: N = 14, M: F = 7:7) in comparison with sex-, handedness-, education- and socioeconomic status-matched healthy controls (n = 14, M: F = 7:7). The volume of IPL was measured using a three-dimensional, interactive, semi-automated analysis, with good inter-rater reliability. RESULTS FRS + patients showed significant volume deficit in right IPL in comparison with healthy controls (F = 4.0; P=.028) after controlling for the potential confounding effects of age, sex and intracranial volume. CONCLUSIONS Right IPL volume deficit in FRS+patients adds further support to the Frith's model of FRS in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Danivas
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
| | - Sunil Kalmady
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
| | - Rashmi Arasappa
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
| | - Rishikesh V. Behere
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
| | - Naren P. Rao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
| | - Ganesan Venkatasubramanian
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
| | - B. N. Gangadhar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences [NIMHANS], Bangalore, India
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