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Vidal MA, Henríquez N, Torres-Díaz C, Collado G, Acuña-Rodríguez IS. Identifying Strategies for Effective Biodiversity Preservation and Species Status of Chilean Amphibians. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:169. [PMID: 38534439 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Resources are limited in global biodiversity conservation efforts, which emphasizes the significance of setting conservation priorities. Using standardized criteria, we evaluated 58 amphibian species in Chile to determine their conservation priority (CP). Species with insufficient historical data had their values marked as missing. With a median value of p = 1.67, the results demonstrated CP values ranging from p = 0.48 to p = 3.0, classifying species into priority and non-priority groups. Four levels were established for the priority categories: no priority, low priority, medium priority, and high priority. Additionally, the Telmatobiidae and Alsodidae families were identified as two more priority families. Notably, the species with the highest priority were found to be T. halli, T. fronteriensis, T. philippii, T. chusmisensis, A. pehuenche, and Alsodes tumultuosus, where T. philippii and T. fronteriensis have equal priority for conservation at the national level according to the conservation priority analysis. Eight priority families-the Alsodidae, Batrachylidae, Bufonidae, Ceratophryidae, Leptodactylidae, Rhinodermatidae, and Telmatobiidae-were determined, and 14 species-or 24% of the species examined-need further study. Based on the conservation priority analysis, the species T. fronteriensis and T. philippii share the highest priority for conservation at the national level (p = 2.50). With 70% of the amphibians under study being threatened mainly by habitat loss, pollution, and emerging diseases, the creation of conservation categories made the threat assessment process easier. Due to a lack of information on geographic distribution and abundance, quantitatively classifying amphibians in Chile remains difficult. The analysis of conservation priorities and potential extinction threats informs appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela A Vidal
- Center for Ñuble Studies, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillan 3800708, Chile
- Biodiversity and Global Change Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillan 3800708, Chile
| | - Nayadet Henríquez
- Biodiversity and Global Change Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillan 3800708, Chile
| | - Cristian Torres-Díaz
- Biodiversity and Global Change Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillan 3800708, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Collado
- Biodiversity and Global Change Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Av. Andrés Bello 720, Chillan 3800708, Chile
| | - Ian S Acuña-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Interdisciplinaria (I3), Universidad de Talca, Campus Lircay, Avda, Lircay s/n, Talca 3465548, Chile
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Campos-Soto R, Rodríguez-Valenzuela E, Bruna Y, Díaz-Campusano G, Cianferoni F, Boric-Bargetto D, Torres-Pérez F. Phylogenetic Analyses of Lizards from the Chilean Humboldt Archipelago Reveal a New Species for the Chañaral Island (Squamata: Liolaemidae). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3576. [PMID: 38003193 PMCID: PMC10668673 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Humboldt Archipelago, situated on Chile's north-central coast, is renowned for its exceptional biodiversity. However, lizards of the Liolaemus genus are a particularly understudied group in this archipelago. Liolaemus genus is divided into two clades: chiliensis and nigromaculatus. Within the nigromaculatus clade the zapallarensis group is restricted to the semi-arid and arid coastal habitats of the Atacama Desert in north-central Chile. While it has been reported that lizards from the zapallarensis group inhabit various islands within the Humboldt Archipelago, there has been limited knowledge regarding their specific species identification. To identify the lizard species inhabiting these islands, we conducted phylogenetic analyses using a mitochondrial gene and examined morphological characteristics. Our findings reveal that lizards from the Damas, Choros, and Gaviota islands belong to Liolaemus silvai. In contrast, the lizards on Chañaral Island form a distinct and previously unrecognised group, clearly distinguishable from Liolaemus silvai. In conclusion, our study not only confirms the presence of L. silvai on the Damas, Choros, and Gaviota islands but also describes a new lizard species on Chañaral Island named Liolaemus carezzae sp. nov. These findings contribute valuable insights into the biodiversity of these islands and introduce a newly discovered endemic taxon to the region, enriching our understanding of Chile's unique island ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Campos-Soto
- Escuela de Ciencias Agrícolas y Veterinarias, Universidad Viña del Mar, Viña del Mar 2572007, Chile
| | - Evelyn Rodríguez-Valenzuela
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile; (E.R.-V.); (Y.B.); (G.D.-C.); (F.C.); (D.B.-B.); (F.T.-P.)
| | - Yareta Bruna
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile; (E.R.-V.); (Y.B.); (G.D.-C.); (F.C.); (D.B.-B.); (F.T.-P.)
| | - Gabriel Díaz-Campusano
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile; (E.R.-V.); (Y.B.); (G.D.-C.); (F.C.); (D.B.-B.); (F.T.-P.)
| | - Franco Cianferoni
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile; (E.R.-V.); (Y.B.); (G.D.-C.); (F.C.); (D.B.-B.); (F.T.-P.)
| | - Dusan Boric-Bargetto
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile; (E.R.-V.); (Y.B.); (G.D.-C.); (F.C.); (D.B.-B.); (F.T.-P.)
| | - Fernando Torres-Pérez
- Instituto de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2373223, Chile; (E.R.-V.); (Y.B.); (G.D.-C.); (F.C.); (D.B.-B.); (F.T.-P.)
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3
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Hernández-Mazariegos WC, Ibáñez CM, Palma RE. An updated biogeographic evaluation of endemism and conservation of small mammals from Chile. J Mammal 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyac104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Ecological factors such as temperature, precipitation, and vegetation type have been reported to influence biogeographic patterns (e.g., species distribution, richness, and endemism) in mammals. In Chile, these patterns only had been explored in selected mammal groups from certain localities. In this study, we describe and analyze biogeographic patterns for all small mammals (marsupials, armadillos, bats, rodents), reported until 2020, in different climatic and ecological regions from continental Chile. Using a compiled database of 89 species, we estimated their distributional similarity, described and characterized richness and areas of endemism using Bayesian and Parsimony Analysis of Endemism, and linked species distribution with conservation status according to the IUCN Red List. We found three similarity units of species distribution based on climate: Arid, Temperate, and Polar; higher richness and endemism in north and south-central Chile; two areas of endemism, one in north and one in south; and a hotspot in south-central Chile. Finally, species of greater conservation concern showed a similar and small distribution range. The concordance in the distribution of the species with Chilean climatic regions (as determined by precipitation and temperature) suggest that the spatial distribution of Chilean small mammals is influenced strongly by those abiotic factors. This also could explain the patterns of richness and endemism and, therefore species hotspots. Variations of climatic factors therefore should be considered in explaining biogeographic patterns and conservation plans of Chilean small mammal species, because species of greater concern tend to be associated and having similar distributional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy C Hernández-Mazariegos
- Programa de Doctorado en Medicina de la Conservación, Universidad Andres Bello , Avenida República 440, Santiago 8370251 , Chile
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello , Avenida República 440, Santiago 8370251 , Chile
| | - Christian M Ibáñez
- Departamento de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello , Avenida República 440, Santiago 8370251 , Chile
| | - R Eduardo Palma
- Laboratorio de Biología Evolutiva, Departamento de Ecología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile , Alameda 340, Santiago 6513677 , Chile
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Barria AM, Zamorano D, Parada A, Labra FA, Estay SA, Bacigalupe LD. The Importance of Intraspecific Variation for Niche Differentiation and Species Distribution Models: The Ecologically Diverse Frog Pleurodema thaul as Study Case. Evol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11692-020-09510-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Valdez L, Quiroga-Carmona M, D'Elía G. Genetic variation of the Chilean endemic long-haired mouse Abrothrix longipilis (Rodentia, Supramyomorpha, Cricetidae) in a geographical and environmental context. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9517. [PMID: 32742796 PMCID: PMC7369023 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Quaternary climate and associated vegetational changes affected the fauna of the Chilean Mediterranean ecosystem. Here we studied the genetic variation of the long-haired mouse, Abrothrix longipilis, a sigmodontine rodent endemic to this area. Within an environmentally explicit context, we examined the geographic distribution of the genetic diversity and demographic history of the species based on sequences of the mitochondrial Cytochrome-b gene of 50 individuals from 13 localities and a large panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms of 17 individuals from 6 localities. The gene genealogy of A. longipilis revealed three intraspecific lineages that are allopatric and latitudinally segregated (northern, central, and southern lineages) with an estimated crown age for the whole species clade of 552.3 kyr B.P. A principal component analysis based on 336,596 SNP loci is in line with the information given by the the mitochondrial gene genealogy. Along its complete distributional range, A. longipilis showed patterns of isolation by distance and also isolation by environment. The general pattern of historical demography showed stability for most intraspecific lineages of A. longipilis. Northern and central lineages showed signals of historical demographic stability, while the southern lineage showed contrasting signals. In agreement with this, the niche models performed showed that in the northern range of A. longipilis, areas of high suitability for this species increased towards the present time; areas of central range would have remained relatively stable, while southern areas would have experienced more change through time. In summary, our study shows three distinct allopatric lineages of A. longipilis, each showing slightly different demographic history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Valdez
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Marcial Quiroga-Carmona
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Guillermo D'Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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6
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Intraspecific geographic variation in thermal limits and acclimatory capacity in a wide distributed endemic frog. J Therm Biol 2017; 69:254-260. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2017.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Vidal MA, Ibáñez S, Moreno PI, Poulin E. Phylogeography of a Patagonian lizard and frog: Congruent signature of southern glacial refuges. AUSTRAL ECOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela A. Vidal
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science; Universidad del Bío-Bío; Chillan
| | - Soledad Ibáñez
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science; Universidad del Bío-Bío; Chillan
| | - Patricio I. Moreno
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
| | - Elie Poulin
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Department of Ecological Sciences, Faculty of Science; Universidad de Chile; Santiago Chile
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Ruiz-Aravena M, Gonzalez-Mendez A, Estay SA, Gaitán-Espitia JD, Barria-Oyarzo I, Bartheld JL, Bacigalupe LD. Impact of global warming at the range margins: phenotypic plasticity and behavioral thermoregulation will buffer an endemic amphibian. Ecol Evol 2014; 4:4467-75. [PMID: 25512843 PMCID: PMC4264896 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
When dispersal is not an option to evade warming temperatures, compensation through behavior, plasticity, or evolutionary adaptation is essential to prevent extinction. In this work, we evaluated whether there is physiological plasticity in the thermal performance curve (TPC) of maximum jumping speed in individuals acclimated to current and projected temperatures and whether there is an opportunity for behavioral thermoregulation in the desert landscape where inhabits the northernmost population of the endemic frog Pleurodema thaul. Our results indicate that individuals acclimated to 20°C and 25°C increased the breath of their TPCs by shifting their upper limits with respect to when they were acclimated at 10°C. In addition, even when dispersal is not possible for this population, the landscape is heterogeneous enough to offer opportunities for behavioral thermoregulation. In particular, under current climatic conditions, behavioral thermoregulation is not compulsory as available operative temperatures are encompassed within the population TPC limits. However, for severe projected temperatures under climate change, behavioral thermoregulation will be required in the sunny patches. In overall, our results suggest that this population of Pleurodema thaul will be able to endure the worst projected scenario of climate warming as it has not only the physiological capacities but also the environmental opportunities to regulate its body temperature behaviorally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ruiz-Aravena
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Engineering & Technology, University of Tasmania Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | | | - Sergio A Estay
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Juan D Gaitán-Espitia
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ismael Barria-Oyarzo
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - José L Bartheld
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Leonardo D Bacigalupe
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
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9
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Development of polymorphic microsatellite markers for the Pleuroderma thaul. CONSERV GENET RESOUR 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12686-014-0206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Muñoz-Leal S, González-Acuña D, Beltrán-Saavedra LF, Limachi JM, Guglielmone AA. Amblyomma parvitarsum (Acari: Ixodidae): localities, hosts and host-parasite ecology. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2014; 62:91-104. [PMID: 23979654 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-013-9725-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Only a few aspects of the biology of Amblyomma parvitarsum Neumann are known. Adults of this hard tick species are parasites of South American camelids in the Andean plateau of Argentina, Bolivia, Peru and Chile and also in the Argentine Patagonia, but they have been also rarely found on other artyodactils and two species of birds. The larva has been collected from reptiles in northern Chile, whereas the hosts for the nymph remain unknown. On nine localities included within Altitude Tropical and Perarid Mediterranean ecoregions in northern Chile, we analyzed 237 reptiles, 285 birds, 624 rodents and 52 camelids for infestation with A. parvitarsum to calculate seasonal prevalence of this tick. We also reviewed the literature of this tick and three entomological collections for obtaining and summarizing all the information to date about this tick. None of the analyzed birds and rodents were parasitized with A. parvitarsum; however, seven over a total of ten reptile species that we caught were infested with the larva. In the camelid species Lama glama and Vicugna pacos we collected adult specimens of this tick. Larval prevalence was higher during fall (75 %) in Liolaemus pleopholis in the Altitude Tropical ecoregion. We also collected adult specimens of A. parvitarsum from camelid manure heaps during summer in Salar de Surire and Llullaillaco localities. Additionally, we also reviewed the literature of this tick and examined specimens in three entomological collections for obtaining and summarizing all the information to date about this tick. By this study, nine localities and seven new hosts are added for A. parvitarsum and we confirm reptiles as specific hosts of this tick larva.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Muñoz-Leal
- Departamento de Ciencias Pecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Concepción, Av. Vicente Méndez 595, CP 3780000, Chillán (Biobío), Chile
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Evolutionary lag times and recent origin of the biota of an ancient desert (Atacama-Sechura). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:11469-74. [PMID: 23798420 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1308721110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The assembly of regional biotas and organismal responses to anthropogenic climate change both depend on the capacity of organisms to adapt to novel ecological conditions. Here we demonstrate the concept of evolutionary lag time, the time between when a climatic regime or habitat develops in a region and when it is colonized by a given clade. We analyzed the time of colonization of four clades (three plant genera and one lizard genus) into the Atacama-Sechura Desert of South America, one of Earth's driest and oldest deserts. We reconstructed time-calibrated phylogenies for each clade and analyzed the timing of shifts in climatic distributions and biogeography and compared these estimates to independent geological estimates of the time of origin of these deserts. Chaetanthera and Malesherbia (plants) and Liolaemus (animal) invaded arid regions of the Atacama-Sechura Desert in the last 10 million years, some 20 million years after the initial onset of aridity in the region. There are also major lag times between when these clades colonized the region and when they invaded arid habitats within the region (typically 4-14 million years). Similarly, hyperarid climates developed ∼8 million years ago, but the most diverse plant clade in these habitats (Nolana) only colonized them ∼2 million years ago. Similar evolutionary lag times may occur in other organisms and habitats, but these results are important in suggesting that many lineages may require very long time scales to adapt to modern desertification and climatic change.
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Vidal MA, Ortiz JC, Marín JC, Poulin E, Moreno PI. Comparative phylogeography of two co-distributed species of lizards of the genus Liolaemus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) from Southern Chile. AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2012. [DOI: 10.1163/156853811x622039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Comparative phylogeography describes the patterns of evolutionary divergence and whether or not they are congruent, in co-distributed populations of different taxa. If the populations of these taxa have been co-distributed for a prolonged time, and if the times between processes of perturbation or vicariance have been more or less stable, it is expected that patterns of divergence will be congruent in closely related species, for example because of similar biological and demographic characteristics.Liolaemus pictusandL. cyanogasterare widely co-distributed lizard species in southern Chile, occurring in a region with a complex topology. We analyzed the phylogeographic structure of the two lizard species usingCytochromebDNA sequences to estimate their genetic structure in response to historical events. Our results suggest an evolutionary pattern of genetic diversity for each species that is consistent with the geomorphological history of the region, suggesting a complex phylogeographic history inLiolaemusspecies. Also, the high levels of divergence among haplotypes in several populations suggest the possibility that their origin might predate the middle Pleistocene in both species. Finally, our results are consistent with our hypothesis that two species have responded to historical events in parallel, where historical process have been sufficient to influence their phylogeographical structure (0.80 congruency between topologies).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela A. Vidal
- 1Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Casilla 447, Chillán, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Ortiz
- 2Departamento de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Marín
- 1Laboratorio de Genómica y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Casilla 447, Chillán, Chile
| | - Elie Poulin
- 3Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio I. Moreno
- 3Instituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile
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VIDAL MARCELAA, MORENO PATRICIOI, POULIN ELIE. Genetic diversity and insular colonization of Liolaemus pictus (Squamata, Liolaeminae) in north-western Patagonia. AUSTRAL ECOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9993.2011.02241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Sallaberry-Pincheira N, Garin CF, González-Acuña D, Sallaberry MA, Vianna JA. Genetic divergence of Chilean long-tailed snake (Philodryas chamissonis) across latitudes: conservation threats for different lineages. DIVERS DISTRIB 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-4642.2010.00729.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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