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Oliveira HHQ, Reis-Filho JA, Nunes JACC, Dos Santos RM, de F Esteves Santiago E, Aguilar L, de Mello Affonso PRA, da Cruz AL. Gill Histopathological Biomarkers in Fish Exposed to Trace Metals in the Todos os Santos Bay, Brazil. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3388-3399. [PMID: 34590237 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Histopathologies are widely recognized as biomarkers of environmental pollution. In this sense, we evaluated the putative relationship of gill histopathologies and distinct ecological impacts in two regions of Todos os Santos Bay (BTS), Brazil, the largest bay in Northeastern Brazil, South Atlantic. We compared the presence and concentration of metals (Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in water, sediments, and gills and gill histopathologies of a demersal fish (Diapterus rhombeus) and a benthic fish (Ogcocephalus vespertilio). As expected, fish and sediment samples from historically contaminated areas (Aratu) showed more remarkable traces of metals than apparently low-impact areas (Jaguaripe). Likewise, the DTC (degree of tissue change) index and the volume densities were higher in fish caught in Aratu. In addition, the Diapterus rhombeus species showed more potential than Ogcocephalus vespertilio for risk assessment as it showed more responses to the environment reflected on more histopathologies. These data support the effectiveness of incorporating functional gill morphology to monitor impacts on estuarine biota that can be used as a reference to improve the management of ecosystems and prevent harm to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heigon H Queiroz Oliveira
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - José Amorim Reis-Filho
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - José Anchieta C C Nunes
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Renata Melo Dos Santos
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Eunice de F Esteves Santiago
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Letícia Aguilar
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Paulo R A de Mello Affonso
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB), Campus de Jequié, Jequié, BA, 45205-490, Brazil
| | - André Luis da Cruz
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil.
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