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Kikuchi R, Abe S. Interactions between interstitial lung abnormalities and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in non-small cell lung cancer: A review of current understanding and future directions. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2025; 21:2504243. [PMID: 40366708 PMCID: PMC12080731 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2025.2504243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2025] [Revised: 04/24/2025] [Accepted: 05/07/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), significantly improving survival outcomes and offering renewed hope to patients. However, the presence of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) in patients with NSCLC presents unique challenges, especially due to the elevated risk of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related pneumonitis, which can result in treatment interruptions and adversely affect prognosis. ILAs, often detected incidentally on computed tomography imaging, are associated with an increased risk of progression to interstitial lung disease and have been identified as a potential predictor of poor clinical outcomes in patients with NSCLC receiving immunotherapy. This review offers an overview of the current understanding of the interaction between ILAs and ICI therapy, discussing prevalence, radiological features, risk stratification, and management strategies. Additionally, it highlights the need for prospective, multicenter studies to establish optimal treatment modalities for patients with NSCLC having ILAs, to ensure safer and more effective immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinji Abe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Mao Z, Wang X, Chen S, Zhang C, Chen Y, Deng S, Liu Y, Xu X, Zhang T, Liao J, He Y, Wang W, Zeng T, Song Y. Cardiopulmonary complications in cancer: from tumour pathogenesis to treatment-induced toxicity and clinical management. Postgrad Med J 2025:qgaf070. [PMID: 40448347 DOI: 10.1093/postmj/qgaf070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2025] [Revised: 04/07/2025] [Accepted: 04/18/2025] [Indexed: 06/02/2025]
Abstract
This paper provides a comprehensive overview of cardiopulmonary events associated with the occurrence, development, and treatment of tumours, serving as a valuable resource for the clinical management of cancer patients. It explores the complex relationship between the heart and lungs, collectively discussing the cardiopulmonary implications linked to tumours. Common risk factors that connect tumours with cardiac and pulmonary conditions are delineated, highlighting their direct and indirect correlations. Additionally, the paper addresses the cardiopulmonary disorders and symptoms resulting from tumour progression and their subsequent manifestations. The final section focuses on the cardiopulmonary repercussions of various tumour treatments, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy, elaborating on their associated cardiopulmonary effects. Effective management of aggressive proliferative diseases, such as tumours, requires selecting appropriate treatment modalities that balance therapeutic efficacy with vigilant monitoring of cardiopulmonary function and thorough assessment of treatment outcomes and related side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Mao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Xuting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
- West China EMei Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 425 Mingshan South RoadEshan Subdistrict, Emeishan City, Sichuan Province 614200, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Chunying Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Yuemei Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Shanying Deng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Affiliated Sports Hospital of Chengdu Sport University, No. 2 Tiyuan Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital, Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 Zhigong Xincun, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030013, China
| | - Tonghao Zhang
- Department of Statistics, University of Virginia, 1827 University Ave, Charlottesville 22903, United States
| | - Juan Liao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Yi He
- Gastroenterology and Urology Department II, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Clinical Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer in Hunan Province, No. 283 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Gastroenterology and Urology Department II, Hunan Cancer Hospital/the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Clinical Research Centre for Gastrointestinal Cancer in Hunan Province, No. 283 Tongzipo Road, Yuelu District, Changsha City, Hunan Province 410013, China
| | - Tingting Zeng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
| | - Yali Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Laboratory Medicine Research Center of West China Hospital, 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province 610041, China
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Fukui T, Mamesaya N, Takahashi T, Kishi K, Yoshizawa T, Tokito T, Azuma K, Morikawa K, Igawa S, Okuma Y, Yamanaka Y, Hosokawa S, Kasai T, Masubuchi K, Nakamichi S, Aga M, Sasaki J, Kada A, Saito AM, Naoki K, Okamoto H, Thoracic Oncology Research Group (TORG). A Prospective Phase II Trial of First-Line Osimertinib for Patients With EGFR Mutation-Positive NSCLC and Poor Performance Status (OPEN/TORG2040). J Thorac Oncol 2025; 20:665-675. [PMID: 39755169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2024.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/28/2024] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osimertinib is the first-line treatment for patients with NSCLC who have EGFR mutations and favorable performance status (PS). Despite the increasing clinical data on osimertinib, evidence for its use in patients with impaired PS remains limited. Therefore, a multicenter phase II trial (OPEN/TORG2040) was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of first-line osimertinib treatment in patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC and a poor PS. METHODS Patients with previously untreated advanced NSCLC harboring EGFR-sensitizing mutations and PS of 2 to 4 were enrolled. Osimertinib (80 mg once daily) was orally administered to eligible patients. The primary end point was objective response rate. The secondary end points were disease control rate, PS improvement rate, patient-reported outcomes, and safety. RESULTS Between February 2021 and February 2022, 30 patients with poor PS (22 with a PS of 2, six with a PS of 3, and two with a PS of 4) were enrolled. The median age was 75 (range, 41-92) years, and 18 patients had brain metastases. The objective response rate was 63.3% (90% confidence interval, 46.7%-77.9%; one-sided, p = 0.033). Disease control and PS improvement rates were 93.3% and 63.3%, respectively. Global health status/QoL also improved. Median progression-free and overall survival were 8.0 and 25.4 months, respectively. Eight patients (26.7%) experienced serious adverse events leading to discontinuation, and six (20.0%) experienced interstitial lung disease. CONCLUSIONS This prospective study confirmed the efficacy of first-line osimertinib treatment in patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC and poor PS, highlighting the need for interstitial lung disease risk management. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Japan Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier: jRCTs041200100.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Fukui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shonan Kamakura General Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Nobuaki Mamesaya
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan
| | | | - Kazuma Kishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoshizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tokito
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Azuma
- Division of Respirology, Neurology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kei Morikawa
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Igawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamanaka
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shinobu Hosokawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Okayama Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Kasai
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ken Masubuchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shinji Nakamichi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Aga
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jiichiro Sasaki
- Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Kada
- Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akiko M Saito
- Clinical Research Center, NHO Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Naoki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
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Yamanaka M, Ushiki A, Tatsumi K, Gemma A, Hattori N, Tanaka Y, Saito Y, Hanaoka M. Clinical characteristics of drug-induced interstitial pneumonia in Japan. Respir Investig 2025; 63:524-531. [PMID: 40286592 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2025.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2025] [Revised: 04/17/2025] [Accepted: 04/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Japan has a higher incidence of drug-induced interstitial pneumonia (IP) than other countries. Understanding the clinical characteristics of drug-induced IP in Japan will facilitate accurate diagnosis of the disease. The aim of this study was to analyze and report the clinical characteristics of drug-induced IP in Japan. METHODS We analyzed the characteristics of drug-induced IP diagnosed between 2009 and 2022 in Japan. Case data were collated with the cooperation of pharmaceutical companies, as requested by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. RESULTS We identified 285 patients with drug-induced IP diagnosed in medical institutions. The most common causative drugs identified were antineoplastic agents (56.1 %). Common subjective symptoms included dyspnea (158 patients [55.4 %]), cough (132 patients [46.3 %]), and fever (115 patients [40.4 %]). In addition, 177 patients (73.1 % of those measured) showed elevated serum KL-6, SP-D, or SP-A levels. Approximately 60 % of the patients developed IP within 90 days from the initiation of drug therapy, whereas 15 % developed the disease after >1 year. Regarding imaging findings, 249 patients (87.4 %) showed bilateral shadows. Corticosteroid therapy was administered to 222 patients (77.9 %). The treatment outcomes of drug-induced IP in Japan were favorable, with improvement observed in 273 patients (95.8 %). CONCLUSIONS Dyspnea, cough, and fever after administration of a drug; elevated serum KL-6, SP-D, and SP-A levels; and bilateral shadows were identified as clinical features of drug-induced IP in Japan. Drug-induced IP should be considered a differential diagnosis even if the patient started using the causative drug long ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Yamanaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Ushiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
| | - Koichiro Tatsumi
- Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Akihiko Gemma
- Respiratory Care Clinic, Nippon Medical School, 4-7-15 Kudanminami, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-0074, Japan
| | - Noboru Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Science, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yoichi Tanaka
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Saito
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Masayuki Hanaoka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan
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Mazzella A, Maiorca S, Nicolosi G, Maisonneuve P, Passaro A, Casiraghi M, Bertolaccini L, de Marinis F, Spaggiari L. The Short-Term Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on the Outcome of Patients Undergoing Pneumonectomy for Lung Cancer: Is It Acceptable Nowadays? J Clin Med 2025; 14:2419. [PMID: 40217869 PMCID: PMC11989666 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14072419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2025] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/29/2025] [Indexed: 04/14/2025] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed at assessing our experience at the European Institute of Oncology in order to evaluate the peri- and immediately post-operative impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients who underwent pneumonectomy for NSCLC. Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed the outcomes and medical records of patients undergoing pneumonectomy (2010-2024). We compared pre-, peri- and post-operative outcomes of patients treated with induction chemotherapy and subsequent pneumonectomy with patients who underwent surgery directly. Differences in their distribution between study arms were assessed using the chi-square test for categorical variables or the Mantel-Haenszel test for trend for ordinal variables. We tested normality of the distribution of continuous variables using the Shapiro-Wilk test. We used logistic regression to quantify the risk of various outcomes (complications, 30-day and 12-day mortality) in patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Risks were expressed as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs adjusted for age (<60, 60-64, 65-69, ≥70 years), sex and comorbidities (cardiovascular, pulmonary or previous cancer). Results: We observed a higher frequency of post-operative respiratory complications in patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and pneumonectomy compared to those who only underwent surgery (11.4% vs. 18.5%; p = 0.05). After adjustment for age, sex and comorbidities we observed a significantly higher rate of pulmonary complications (OR 1.95; 95% CI 1.09-3.47; p = 0.02), ARDS (OR 2.88; 95% CI 1.26-6.59; p = 0.02) and 30-day mortality rate (OR 8.19; 95% CI 1.33-50.3; p = 0.02) in pre-treated patients. Conclusions: It is therefore strongly recommended to study and select potentially eligible patients in an extremely meticulous way before starting the neoadjuvant treatment, and to thoroughly re-evaluate the cardiorespiratory status after inductive therapy, before surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Mazzella
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Sebastiano Maiorca
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Nicolosi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Patrick Maisonneuve
- Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonio Passaro
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Monica Casiraghi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Luca Bertolaccini
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (L.S.)
| | - Filippo de Marinis
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (A.P.); (F.d.M.)
| | - Lorenzo Spaggiari
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy; (S.M.); (G.N.); (M.C.); (L.B.); (L.S.)
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141 Milan, Italy
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İlhan N, Doğan A, Erölmez HN, Atalah F, Baş S, Yasar S, Odabaş H, Gümüş M. The Incidence and Clinical Characteristics of Interstitial Lung Disease Associated with CDK4/6 Inhibitors in Breast Cancer Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2025; 61:549. [PMID: 40142360 PMCID: PMC11944207 DOI: 10.3390/medicina61030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2025] [Revised: 03/09/2025] [Accepted: 03/17/2025] [Indexed: 03/28/2025]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) have revolutionized the treatment of hormone receptor-positive HER2 negative (HR(+)/HER2(-)) breast cancer. Despite their efficacy, interstitial lung disease (ILD) remains a rare but potentially fatal adverse effect. This study aims to evaluate the incidence and clinical characteristics of ILD associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer patients in Turkey. Materials and Methods: A retrospective multicenter analysis included 464 breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors between January 2017 and April 2024. Patients receiving ribociclib or palbociclib were evaluated for the development of ILD. Radiological assessments were performed to confirm ILD and exclude other conditions. Clinical characteristics, treatment regimens, and outcomes were analyzed. Results: ILD was identified in 10 patients (2.1%). The average age of the affected patients was 62.5 ± 9.85 years. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) were the most common radiological patterns. Palbociclib was implicated in six cases, while ribociclib was associated with four cases. Grade 3 pulmonary toxicity was observed in eight patients, and Grade 4 toxicity in two patients. One patient who was on palbociclib died due to ILD. No significant correlation was found between ILD and age, smoking status, lung metastases, or prior thoracic radiotherapy. Conclusions: The incidence of CDK4/6 inhibitor-associated ILD in Turkish breast cancer patients appears higher than previously reported in clinical trials. More robust, long-term studies are necessary to identify potential risk factors and mitigate ILD-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurullah İlhan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University, Sancaktepe, Şehit Prof Dr. İlhan Varank Training Research Hospital, Istanbul 34785, Turkey;
| | - Akif Doğan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University, Sancaktepe, Şehit Prof Dr. İlhan Varank Training Research Hospital, Istanbul 34785, Turkey;
| | - Hande Nur Erölmez
- Department of Family Medicine, Health Science University, Sancaktepe, Şehit Prof Dr. İlhan Varank Training Research Hospital, Istanbul 34785, Turkey;
| | - Fatih Atalah
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Istanbul 34700, Turkey; (F.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Süleyman Baş
- Department of Internal Medicine, Health Science University, Sancaktepe, Şehit Prof Dr. İlhan Varank Training Research Hospital, Istanbul 34785, Turkey;
| | - Servan Yasar
- Department of Radiology, Health Science University, Sancaktepe, Şehit Prof Dr. İlhan Varank Training Research Hospital, Istanbul 34785, Turkey;
| | - Hatice Odabaş
- Department of Medical Oncology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lütfi Kırdar City Hospital, Istanbul 34865, Turkey;
| | - Mahmut Gümüş
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Medeniyet University, Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Istanbul 34700, Turkey; (F.A.); (M.G.)
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Camidge DR, Sugawara S, Kondo M, Kim HR, Ahn MJ, Yang JCH, Han JY, Hochmair MJ, Lee KH, Delmonte A, Kudou K, Asato T, Hupf B, Vranceanu F, Fram RJ, Ohe Y, Popat S. Efficacy and safety of brigatinib in patients with ALK TKI-naive advanced ALK+ NSCLC: Integrated analysis of the ALTA-1L and J-ALTA trials. Lung Cancer 2025; 201:108424. [PMID: 39923717 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2025.108424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2025] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Brigatinib approval as a first-line anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) for advanced ALK+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is supported by results of a non-Japanese global phase 3 trial (ALTA-1L) and a separate phase 2 trial conducted in Japan (J-ALTA). To evaluate outcomes in a larger global patient population, we conducted an integrated analysis of pooled efficacy and safety data from ALTA-1L and J-ALTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS ALTA-1L (NCT02737501) and J-ALTA (NCT03410108) were open-label, multicenter studies of patients with advanced or metastatic ALK+ NSCLC. ALTA-1L and an expansion cohort of J-ALTA enrolled patients who were ALK TKI naive. Patients with stable or asymptomatic brain metastases were allowed. Brigatinib 180 mg was administered once daily following 7-day lead-in at 90 mg. Primary endpoints were blinded independent review committee (IRC)-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) in ALTA-1L and IRC-assessed 12-month PFS in the J-ALTA ALK TKI-naive cohort. Secondary endpoints included IRC-assessed objective response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), intracranial ORR, overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS Overall, 169 patients were allocated to brigatinib in ALTA-1L (n = 137) or J-ALTA (n = 32). In the pooled population (median follow-up: 35.8 months), 34 % of patients were aged ≥65 years, 28 % had baseline brain metastases, and 26 % had received prior chemotherapy. Median PFS by IRC was 29.3 months (95 % CI: 23.9-44.7). Confirmed ORR was 79 % (95 % CI, 72 %-85 %). Median DOR was 38.1 months. Intracranial ORR was 66 % in patients with any brain metastases and 70 % in patients with measurable brain metastases. Three-year OS was 74 %. Grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 74 % of patients, most commonly increased blood creatine phosphokinase (31 %), hypertension (18 %), and increased lipase (16 %). CONCLUSION Brigatinib demonstrated clinically meaningful systemic and intracranial efficacy in patients with ALK TKI-naive ALK+ NSCLC. Safety results were consistent with the known profile for brigatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Masashi Kondo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myung-Ju Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - James C H Yang
- National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Maximilian J Hochmair
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Krankenhaus Nord, Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ki Hyeong Lee
- Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Angelo Delmonte
- IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori "Dino Amadori" (IRST), Meldola, Italy
| | - Kentarou Kudou
- Biostatistics, Japan Development Center, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Asato
- Oncology Clinical Research Department, Oncology Therapeutic Area Unit for Japan and Asia, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Bradley Hupf
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Robert J Fram
- Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yuichiro Ohe
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sanjay Popat
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, England, United Kingdom
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8
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Zhou C, Deng H, Yang Y, Wang F, Lin X, Liu M, Xie X, Luan T, Zhong N. Cancer therapy-related interstitial lung disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2025; 138:264-277. [PMID: 39402974 PMCID: PMC11771665 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000003149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2025] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT With the increasing utilization of cancer therapy, the incidence of lung injury associated with these treatments continues to rise. The recognition of pulmonary toxicity related to cancer therapy has become increasingly critical, for which interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a common cause of mortality. Cancer therapy-related ILD (CT-ILD) can result from a variety of treatments including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and radiotherapy. CT-ILD may progress rapidly and even be life-threatening; therefore, prompt diagnosis and timely treatment are crucial for effective management. This review aims to provide valuable information on the risk factors associated with CT-ILD; elucidate its underlying mechanisms; discuss its clinical features, imaging, and histological manifestations; and emphasize the clinical-related views of its diagnosis. In addition, this review provides an overview of grading, typing, and staging treatment strategies used for the management of CT-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Haiyi Deng
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 511436, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xinqing Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaohong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Tao Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
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9
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Deng N, Yan Z, Wang S, Song M, Hu H. Utilization of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Negative, Advanced Metastatic, or Unresectable Gastric Cancer Under All Combined Positive Score Grading: Evaluation of Efficacy Based on Individual Patient Data Reconstruction and Secondary Analyses. Clin Ther 2025; 47:148-157. [PMID: 39643452 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2024.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2024] [Revised: 10/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/11/2024] [Indexed: 12/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The efficacy of several novel combinations of anti-programmed cell death protein 1 or its ligand antibodies with chemotherapy, which have become the new standard first-line combination therapy with favorable outcomes, was still not certain in patients with different combined positive score (CPS) grades. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy or immunochemotherapy at different CPS grades, compared with chemotherapy. METHODS Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve reconstruction was employed to assess the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) of patients with gastric cancer. The graphical reconstruction algorithm was used to estimate the time-to-event outcomes from Kaplan-Meier curves of the overall cohort or reported subgroups (depending on CPS). KMSubtraction was used to derive the unreported survival data by matching participants in the overall cohort and known subgroups. FINDINGS This analysis included 5072 patients in 5 trials (CheckMate 649, KEYNOTE-859, ORIENT-16, KEYNOTE-062, and JAVELIN Gastric 100). Immunochemotherapy exhibited more effectiveness than chemotherapy in most cases. For the overall cohort, sintilimab + chemotherapy exhibited the best effect in OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.65; 95% CI, 0.55-0.76). Nivolumab + chemotherapy (HR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.67-0.84), sintilimab + chemotherapy (HR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.41-0.65), and pembrolizumab + chemotherapy (HR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.58-0.81) exhibited favorable outcomes in OS in patients with a CPS ≥1, 5, and 10, respectively, and similarly in PFS. Avelumab + chemotherapy performed similarly to chemotherapy in OS but had poor PFS in the reported subgroup. IMPLICATIONS Finding suggests that immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with chemotherapy could enrich patients with benefits regardless of CPS grades, though subtle efficacy in low CPS subgroups. This study compared the efficacy of different immunotherapies combined with chemotherapy in patients with gastric cancer, but we acknowledge some differences between reconstructed and original data. Hopefully there will be more research investigating comparisons between current therapies rather than with chemotherapy only in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Zhijing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Menghuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Centre for Pharmaceutical Regulatory Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
| | - Hao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Centre for Pharmaceutical Regulatory Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China; Department of Public Health and Medicinal Administration, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China.
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10
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Yanai M, Sakamoto T, Uetani N, Nonaka T, Nakada T, Matsuoka S, Moriyama S, Teruya Y, Funaki Y, Harada T, Kinoshita N, Yamaguchi K, Kodani M, Yamasaki A. Successful Switch to Afatinib and Osimertinib Rechallenge with Corticosteroids after Osimertinib-induced Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review. Intern Med 2025:4877-24. [PMID: 39894491 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.4877-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are highly effective against EGFR-mutant non-small-cell lung carcinoma but can cause serious adverse events, such as interstitial lung disease (ILD). Treatment strategies for osimertinib-induced ILD are not well established. Cytotoxic anticancer drugs are considered first, although several cases of successful rechallenge with EGFR-TKIs have been reported. We herein report a 67-year-old woman with symptomatic osimertinib-induced ILD who was switched to afatinib and later rechallenged with osimertinib and corticosteroids. Neither treatment resulted in ILD relapse, suggesting that these may be viable treatment options when alternative treatments are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Yanai
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
- Cancer Center, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sakamoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoki Uetani
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nonaka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nakada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuoka
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Shiro Moriyama
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Teruya
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Funaki
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Tomoya Harada
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Naoki Kinoshita
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Kosuke Yamaguchi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kodani
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
- Cancer Center, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
| | - Akira Yamasaki
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Tottori University Hospital, Japan
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11
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Nakayama S, Yoshizawa A, Tsurutani J, Yoshimura K, Aoki G, Iwamoto T, Nagase H, Sugimoto N, Kobayashi K, Izumi S, Kato T, Miyazaki Y, Kurihara Y, Taira N, Aihara T, Kikawa Y, Mukai H. Real-world incidence of and risk factors for abemaciclib-induced interstitial lung disease in Japan: a nested case-control study of abemaciclib-induced interstitial lung disease (NOSIDE). Breast Cancer 2025; 32:177-185. [PMID: 39556171 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-024-01648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The exact incidence of and risk factors for interstitial lung disease (ILD), a serious side effect of abemaciclib, remain unknown in real-world settings. We examined the incidence of and risk factors for abemaciclib-induced ILD in patients with advanced breast cancer (ABC) in Japan. PATIENTS AND METHODS Retrospective clinical information was collected from charts of patients with ABC who had started abemaciclib treatment at 77 participating institutions between November 30, 2018 and December 31, 2019. The clinical information of patients who developed ILD (including suspected cases) were reviewed by an independent committee of extramural experts to adjudicate abemaciclib-induced ILD. We performed a nested case-control study for efficient identification of ILD risk factors and conducted multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify independent predictors of ILD. RESULTS Among patients taking abemaciclib, the incidence of abemaciclib-induced ILD was 5.0% (n = 59/1189), and the mortality rate was 0.7% (n = 8). The timing of ILD onset varied but occurred most frequently within 180 days of beginning abemaciclib treatment (64.4%). The incidence of abemaciclib-induced ILD was significantly associated with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (ECOG PS) ≥ 2 [hazard ratio (HR) 5.03; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.26-11.11] or a past medical history of interstitial pneumonia (IP) (HR 6.49; 95% CI 3.09-13.70). CONCLUSIONS In this study, we have for the first time determined the real-world incidence of and risk factors for abemaciclib-induced ILD in Japan. Although abemaciclib-induced ILD is serious in real-world settings, careful patient selection and close monitoring of those with poor ECOG PS and/or a history of IP may minimize ILD risk. This study was registered on the UMIN registry (Date: May 11, 2020/ ID: UMIN000040357).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuka Nakayama
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayuha Yoshizawa
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, Showa University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junji Tsurutani
- Advanced Cancer Translational Research Institute, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Kenichi Yoshimura
- Clinical Research Center in Hiroshima, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Gaku Aoki
- Department of Biostatistics, Clinical Research Center, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Iwamoto
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nagase
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Sugimoto
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Konomi Kobayashi
- Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinyu Izumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Terufumi Kato
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kurihara
- Department of Radiology, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naruto Taira
- Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | | | - Yuichiro Kikawa
- Department of Breast Surgery, Kansai Medical University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Mukai
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
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12
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Zanini U, Faverio P, Bonfanti V, Falzone M, Cortinovis D, Arcangeli S, Petrella F, Ferrara G, Mura M, Luppi F. The 'Liaisons dangereuses' Between Lung Cancer and Interstitial Lung Diseases: A Focus on Acute Exacerbation. J Clin Med 2024; 13:7085. [PMID: 39685543 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13237085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2024] [Revised: 11/13/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are about five times more likely to develop lung cancer than those without ILD. The presence of ILD in lung cancer patients complicates diagnosis and management, resulting in lower survival rates. Diagnostic and treatment procedures needed for cancer can increase the risk of acute exacerbation (AE), one of the most severe complications for these patients. Bronchoscopic techniques are generally considered safe, but they can trigger AE-ILD, particularly after cryoprobe biopsies. Surgical procedures for lung cancer, including lung biopsies and resections, carry an elevated risk of AE-ILD. Postoperative complications and mortality rates highlight the importance of meticulous surgical planning and postoperative care. Furthermore, cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, are all burdened by a risk of AE-ILD occurrence. Radiotherapy is important for managing both early-stage and advanced lung cancer, but it also poses risks. Stereotactic body radiation and particle beam therapies have varying degrees of safety, with the latter potentially offering a lower risk of AE. Percutaneous ablation techniques can help patients who are not eligible for surgery. However, these procedures may complicate ILD, and their associated risks still need to be fully understood, necessitating further research for improved safety. Overall, while advancements in lung cancer treatment have improved outcomes for many patients, the complexity of managing patients with concomitant ILD needs careful consideration and multidisciplinary assessment. This review provides a detailed evaluation of these risks, emphasizing the need for personalized treatment approaches and monitoring to improve patient outcomes in this challenging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Zanini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Pneumologia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paola Faverio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Pneumologia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Valentina Bonfanti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Pneumologia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Maria Falzone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Pneumologia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Diego Cortinovis
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Oncologia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Stefano Arcangeli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Radioterapia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Francesco Petrella
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Chirurgia Toracica, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanni Ferrara
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of Alberta, and Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Marco Mura
- Division of Respirology, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Fabrizio Luppi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, SC Pneumologia, Fondazione IRCCS "San Gerardo dei Tintori", 20900 Monza, Italy
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13
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Nakashima K, Kodama H, Murakami H, Takahashi T, Kawakado K, Yanagawa T, Kitani K, Hottta T, Abe M, Hamai K, Tanimoto T, Ishikawa N, Tamura T, Kuyama S, Isobe T, Tsubata Y. Comparison of efficacy of gefitinib and osimertinib for untreated EGFR mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer in patients with poor performance status. Respir Investig 2024; 62:1137-1141. [PMID: 39366122 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a dearth of studies on the efficacy and safety of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors osimertinib (OSI) and gefitinib (GEF) in treating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), even in patients with poor performance status (PS). METHODS We retrospectively reviewed and compared data of 113 patients with EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group PS 2-4 who were administered OSI 80 mg/day or GEF 250 mg/day from May 2016 to March 2022. RESULTS The GEF group (39 patients; median age: 74 years) included 20 patients with a PS of 2, 17 with a PS of 3, and 2 with a PS of 4. The OSI group (74 patients; median age: 76 years) included 48 patients with a PS of 2, 24 with a PS of 3, and 2 with a PS of 4. The overall response rates were 69% and 66% in the GEF and OSI groups, respectively. The disease control and PS improvement rates were 89% and 51% in both groups, respectively. The median progression-free survival in the GEF and OSI groups was 6.9 and 9.2 months, respectively (p = 0.15). The OSI group experienced better overall survival than the GEF group (median: 20.9 vs. 13.0 months, p = 0.0031). The incidence of pneumonitis was 10% and 11% in the GEF and OSI groups, respectively. One treatment-related death owing to pneumonitis occurred in the GEF group. CONCLUSIONS OSI may be a useful treatment for untreated EGFR mutation-positive NSCLC with poor PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhisa Nakashima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kodama
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Murakami
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Takahashi
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Keita Kawakado
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Hamada Medical Center, 777-12, Asai-cho, Hamada, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takashi Yanagawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Hamada Medical Center, 777-12, Asai-cho, Hamada, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kashu Kitani
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1, Himehara, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Takamasa Hottta
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, 4-1-1, Himehara, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, JA Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Hirahara, Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Hamai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, JA Onomichi General Hospital, 1-10-23, Hirahara, Onomichi, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takuya Tanimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Ishikawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, 1-5-54 Ujina-Kanda, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Tomoki Tamura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center, 1-1-1 Atago-machi, Iawkuni-City, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shoichi Kuyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, NHO Iwakuni Clinical Center, 1-1-1 Atago-machi, Iawkuni-City, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Isobe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yukari Tsubata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, Japan.
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14
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Sato J, Sadachi R, Koyama T, Katsuya Y, Okada M, Yamamoto N. Regional diversity in drug-induced lung diseases among the USA, European Union, and Japan. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1390083. [PMID: 39380740 PMCID: PMC11458412 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1390083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Drug-induced lung disease (DILD) is a considerable and potentially fatal adverse event with poorly understood risk factors. Large-scale, data-driven analyses investigating regional discrepancies in DILD incidence are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association among DILD prevalence, regional differences and other factors based on large-scale data base. Methods This retrospective observational study analyzed spontaneous adverse event reports from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database between January 2010 and December 2020. Regional disparities in DILD incidence were assessed among reports from the United States of America (USA), the European Union (EU), and Japan (JP). Using multivariate logistic regression accounting for age, sex, and reporting years, we calculated the reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analyses were performed for different types of anticancer agents, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and cytotoxic agents. Results Regional differences in RORs were observed for anticancer drugs in reports from JP and the EU compared with those from the USA (JP, ROR 4.432; EU, ROR 1.291) and for non-anticancer drugs (JP, ROR 3.481; EU, ROR 1.086). Significantly higher RORs were observed for all anticancer drug regimens reported in JP than in the USA (TKIs, ROR 3.274; ICIs, ROR 2.170; ADCs, ROR 2.335; cytotoxic agents, ROR 3.989). The EU reports exhibited higher RORs for TKIs and cytotoxic agents than the USA reports, with no significant differences in ICIs or ADCs (TKIs, ROR 1.679; ICIs, ROR 1.041; ADCs, ROR 1.046; cytotoxic agents, ROR 1.418). Conclusion The prevalence of DILD in JP, the EU, and the USA differed. These findings have important implications in evaluating the safety profiles of drugs and patient safety in drug development and clinical practice. This study is the first to identify regional differences in DILDs using a large global database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Sato
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Sadachi
- Biostatistics Division, Center for Research Administration and Support, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takafumi Koyama
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Katsuya
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mao Okada
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Drakopanagiotakis F, Krauss E, Michailidou I, Drosos V, Anevlavis S, Günther A, Steiropoulos P. Lung Cancer and Interstitial Lung Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2837. [PMID: 39199608 PMCID: PMC11352559 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16162837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer continues to be one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. There is evidence of a complex interplay between lung cancer and interstitial lung disease (ILD), affecting disease progression, management strategies, and patient outcomes. Both conditions develop as the result of common risk factors such as smoking, environmental exposures, and genetic predispositions. The presence of ILD poses diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in lung cancer management, including difficulties in interpreting radiological findings and increased susceptibility to treatment-related toxicities, such as acute exacerbation of ILD after surgery and pneumonitis after radiation therapy and immunotherapy. Moreover, due to the lack of large, phase III randomized controlled trials, the evidence-based therapeutic options for patients with ILDs and lung cancer remain limited. Antifibrotic treatment may help prevent pulmonary toxicity due to lung cancer treatment, but its effect is still unclear. Emerging diagnostic modalities and biomarkers and optimizing personalized treatment strategies are essential to improve outcomes in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Drakopanagiotakis
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (F.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Ekaterina Krauss
- European IPF Registry & Biobank (eurIPFreg/Bank), 35394 Giessen, Germany; (E.K.); (A.G.)
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Ira Michailidou
- Department of Pneumonology, General Anti-Cancer Oncological Hospital, Agios Savvas, 11522 Athens, Greece;
| | - Vasileios Drosos
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany;
| | - Stavros Anevlavis
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (F.D.); (S.A.)
| | - Andreas Günther
- European IPF Registry & Biobank (eurIPFreg/Bank), 35394 Giessen, Germany; (E.K.); (A.G.)
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Diseases, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 35394 Giessen, Germany
- Agaplesion Lung Clinic, 35753 Greifenstein, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), EXC 2026, Project ID: 390649896, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35394 Giessen, Germany
| | - Paschalis Steiropoulos
- Department of Pneumonology, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece; (F.D.); (S.A.)
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16
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Sampsonas F, Bosgana P, Bravou V, Tzouvelekis A, Dimitrakopoulos FI, Kokkotou E. Interstitial Lung Diseases and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Particularities in Pathogenesis and Expression of Driver Mutations. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:934. [PMID: 39062713 PMCID: PMC11276289 DOI: 10.3390/genes15070934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Interstitial lung diseases are a varied group of diseases associated with chronic inflammation and fibrosis. With the emerging and current treatment options, survival rates have vastly improved. Having in mind that the most common type is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and that a significant proportion of these patients will develop lung cancer as the disease progresses, prompt diagnosis and personalized treatment of these patients are fundamental. SCOPE AND METHODS The scope of this review is to identify and characterize molecular and pathogenetic pathways that can interconnect Interstitial Lung Diseases and lung cancer, especially driver mutations in patients with NSCLC, and to highlight new and emerging treatment options in that view. RESULTS Common pathogenetic pathways have been identified in sites of chronic inflammation in patients with interstitial lung diseases and lung cancer. Of note, the expression of driver mutations in EGFR, BRAF, and KRAS G12C in patients with NSCLC with concurrent interstitial lung disease is vastly different compared to those patients with NSCLC without Interstitial Lung Disease. CONCLUSIONS NSCLC in patients with Interstitial Lung Disease is a challenging diagnostic and clinical entity, and a personalized medicine approach is fundamental to improving survival and quality of life. Newer anti-fibrotic medications have improved survival in IPF/ILD patients; thus, the incidence of lung cancer is going to vastly increase in the next 5-10 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotios Sampsonas
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Pinelopi Bosgana
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Vasiliki Bravou
- Department of Anatomy, Embryology and Histology, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Argyrios Tzouvelekis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | | | - Eleni Kokkotou
- Oncology Unit, The Third Department of Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece;
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Lin W, Xu J, Liao Y, Lin X, Yang J, Zhuang W. Assessing safety concerns of interstitial lung disease associated with antibody-drug conjugates: a real-world pharmacovigilance evaluation of the FDA adverse event reporting system. Int J Clin Pharm 2024; 46:614-622. [PMID: 38100054 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-023-01673-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antibody-drug conjugates have revolutionized cancer therapy due to their selectivity and efficacy. However, concerns have been raised regarding the potential effects of trastuzumab deruxtecan in interstitial lung diseases. AIM This study aimed to investigate the safety signals and time to onset of antibody-drug conjugates induced interstitial lung disease. METHOD We utilized the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database (2004-2022) to identify interstitial lung disease safety signals in 13 FDA-approved antibody-drug conjugates. Disproportionality analysis was conducted to estimate the reporting odds ratios for interstitial lung disease. RESULTS Seven antibody-drug conjugates exhibited safety signals of interstitial lung disease: trastuzumab deruxtecan [reporting odds ratio, ROR (95% confidence intervals, CI) = 64.15 (57.07-72.10)], enfortumab vedotin [ROR (95% CI) = 5.24 (3.25-8.43)], trastuzumab emtansine [ROR (95% CI) = 3.62 (2.90-4.53)], brentuximab vedotin [ROR (95% CI) = 3.22 (2.49-4.17)], polatuzumab vedotin [ROR (95% CI) = 2.56 (1.59-4.12)], gemtuzumab ozogamicin [ROR (95% CI) = 2.53 (1.70-3.78)], and inotuzumab ozogamicin [ROR (95% CI) = 2.33 (1.21-4.49)]. Five antibody-drug conjugates with limited reports were excluded from further analysis: belantamab mafodotin, loncastuximab tesirine, mirvetuximab sorafenib, tisotumab vedotin, and moxetumomab pasudotox. Japan and the United States were the primary reporting countries. CONCLUSION This real-world study highlights high safety signals of interstitial lung disease associated with antibody-drug conjugates. Clinicians should be aware of these safety concerns and risk factors and implement early identification measures for their patients. Future research should prioritize comprehensively exploring the relationship between antibody-drug conjugates and lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlong Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 10# Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiabing Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yufang Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 10# Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiuxian Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 10# Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Jianhui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 10# Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, China
| | - Wei Zhuang
- Department of Pharmacy, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 10# Zhenhai Road, Xiamen, China.
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18
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Bando M, Homma S, Date H, Kishi K, Yamauchi H, Sakamoto S, Miyamoto A, Goto Y, Nakayama T, Azuma A, Kondoh Y, Johkoh T, Nishioka Y, Fukuoka J, Miyazaki Y, Yoshino I, Suda T. Japanese guidelines for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2023:Revised edition. Respir Investig 2024; 62:402-418. [PMID: 38484504 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with a poor prognosis and an unknown cause that generally progresses to pulmonary fibrosis and leads to irreversible tissue alteration. The "Guidelines for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis 2017," specializing in the treatment of IPF for the first time in Japan and presenting evidence-based standard treatment methods suited to the state of affairs in Japan, was published in 2017, in line with the 2014 version of "Formulation procedure for Minds Clinical Practice Guidelines." Because new evidence had accumulated, we formulated the "Guidelines for the treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis 2023 (revised 2nd edition)." While keeping the revision consistent with the ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT IPF treatment guidelines, new clinical questions (CQs) on pulmonary hypertension were added to the chronic stage, in addition to acute exacerbation and comorbid lung cancer, which greatly affect the prognosis but are not described in the ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT IPF guidelines. Regarding the advanced stages, we additionally created expert consensus-based advice for palliative care and lung transplantation. The number of CQs increased from 17 in the first edition to 24. It is important that these guidelines be used not only by respiratory specialists but also by general practitioners, patients, and their families; therefore, we plan to revise them appropriately in line with ever-advancing medical progress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Bando
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Sakae Homma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Date
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuma Kishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Yamauchi
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| | - Susumu Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Toho University Omori Medical Center, 6-11-1 Omori-nishi, Ota-ku, Tokyo, 143-8541, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8470, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Goto
- Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, 1-1, Mukaihata-cho, Fukakusa, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 612-8555, Japan
| | - Takeo Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine and School of Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Arata Azuma
- Pulmonary Medicine, Tokorozawa Mihara General Hospital, 2-2934-3 Mihara-cho, Tokorozawa-shi, Saitama, 359-0045, Japan; Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kondoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, 160 Nishioiwake-cho, Seto, Aichi, 489-8642, Japan
| | - Takeshi Johkoh
- Department of Radiology, Kansai Rosai Hospital, 3-1-69 Inabaso, Amagasaki, Hyogo, 660-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Junya Fukuoka
- Department of Pathology Informatics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshino
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, 852 Hatakeda, Narita City, Chiba, 286-8520, Japan; Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Chiba University Hospital, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba, 260-8677, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatus, 431-3192, Japan
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19
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Kam MLW, Chong ST, Chan SH, Swigris JJ, Chew EL, Tan YH, Ngeow JYY, Low SY. First ever characterisation of the effects of short telomeres in a Singapore interstitial lung disease cohort. Respir Investig 2024; 62:348-355. [PMID: 38422914 DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in disease behaviour and genotypes are described in Asian and Western interstitial lung disease (ILD) cohorts. Short leukocyte telomere length (LTL) correlates with poor outcomes in Western ILD cohorts but its significance in Asian populations is unknown. We aim to characterise the burden and clinical implications of short LTL in Singaporean ILD patients. METHODS Patients diagnosed with ILD at Singapore General Hospital were prospectively recruited and compared against 36 healthy controls. The primary outcome was transplant-free survival. Genomic DNA from peripheral blood was extracted and LTL measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay (qPCR). RESULTS Amongst 165 patients, 37% had short LTL. There was a higher proportion of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) patients with short LTL (n = 21, 34.4% vs n = 16, 15.4%; p < 0.001). Short LTL patients had reduced survival at 12-, 24- and 36-months and median survival of 24 months (p < 0.001) which remained significant following adjustment for smoking, GAP Stage and radiological UIP pattern (Hazard Ratio (HR), 2.74; 95%CI:1.46, 5.11; p = 0.002). They had increased respiratory-related mortality and acute exacerbation incidences. Despite similar baseline lung function, short LTL patients had a faster decline in absolute forced vital capacity (FVC) of -105.3 (95% CI: 151.4, -59.1) mL/year compared to -58.2 (95% CI: 82.9, -33.6) mL/year (p < 0.001) in normal LTL patients. CONCLUSION Short LTL correlated with increased mortality and faster lung function decline in our Singaporean ILD cohort with a magnitude similar to that in Western ILD cohorts. Further research is needed to integrate LTL assessment into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Li Wei Kam
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore; Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - Siao Ting Chong
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore
| | - Sock Hoai Chan
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore
| | - Jeffrey J Swigris
- Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Ee Ling Chew
- Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore
| | - Yi Hern Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore
| | - Joanne Yuen Yie Ngeow
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, 308232, Singapore; Cancer Genetics Service, Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 30 Hospital Boulevard, 168583, Singapore
| | - Su Ying Low
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, 169608, Singapore
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20
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Otoshi R, Ikeda S, Kaneko T, Sagawa S, Yamada C, Kumagai K, Moriuchi A, Sekine A, Baba T, Ogura T. Treatment Strategies for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Comorbid Respiratory Disease; Interstitial Pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Tuberculosis. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1734. [PMID: 38730686 PMCID: PMC11083871 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients are often complicated by other respiratory diseases, including interstitial pneumonia (IP), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), and the management of which can be problematic. NSCLC patients with IP sometimes develop fatal acute exacerbation induced by pharmacotherapy, and the establishment of a safe treatment strategy is desirable. For advanced NSCLC with IP, carboplatin plus nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel is a relatively safe and effective first-line treatment option. Although the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for these populations remains controversial, ICIs have the potential to provide long-term survival. The severity of COPD is an important prognostic factor in NSCLC patients. Although COPD complications do not necessarily limit treatment options, it is important to select drugs with fewer side effects on the heart and blood vessels as well as the lungs. Active TB is complicated by 2-5% of NSCLC cases during their disease course. Since pharmacotherapy, especially ICIs, reportedly induces the development of TB, the possibility of developing TB should always be kept in mind during NSCLC treatment. To date, there is no coherent review article on NSCLC with these pulmonary complications. This review article summarizes the current evidence and discusses future prospects for treatment strategies for NSCLC patients complicated with IP, severe COPD, and TB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 6-16-1, Tomioka-higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0051, Japan; (R.O.); (T.K.); (S.S.); (C.Y.); (K.K.); (A.M.); (A.S.); (T.B.); (T.O.)
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21
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Ito T, Tsuchiya K, Mori R, Akashi T, Oyama Y, Ikeda M. Successful osimertinib rechallenge without concomitant corticosteroids after osimertinib-induced pneumonitis. Respir Med Case Rep 2024; 49:102029. [PMID: 38712314 PMCID: PMC11070756 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2024.102029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
A 60-year-old woman was diagnosed with cT4N3M1c stage IVB lung adenocarcinoma with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation of exon19 deletion. After one month of treatment with osimertinib, a cough and diffuse ground glass opacities were observed in the bilateral lung field. Based on the clinical course and the exclusion of other etiologies, osimertinib-induced pneumonitis was diagnosed. The shadows resolved after osimertinib was discontinued. However, brain metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis developed 20 months later; therefore, osimertinib was re-administered without concomitant corticosteroids. The pulmonary lesion and leptomeningeal metastasis were successfully treated without recurrence of drug-induced pneumonitis for eight months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taisuke Ito
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsuchiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Rie Mori
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takuro Akashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Oyama
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shizuoka Saiseikai General Hospital, Shizuoka City, Shizuoka, Japan
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22
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Fujimoto K, Ikeda S, Tabata E, Kaneko T, Sagawa S, Yamada C, Kumagai K, Fukushima T, Haga S, Watanabe M, Muraoka T, Sekine A, Baba T, Ogura T. KRASG12C Inhibitor as a Treatment Option for Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Comorbid Interstitial Pneumonia. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1327. [PMID: 38611005 PMCID: PMC11010978 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16071327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with comorbid interstitial pneumonia (IP) is a population with limited treatment options and a poor prognosis. Patients with comorbid IP are at high risk of developing fatal drug-induced pneumonitis, and data on the safety and efficacy of molecularly targeted therapies are lacking. KRAS mutations have been frequently detected in patients with NSCLC with comorbid IP. However, the low detection rate of common driver gene mutations, such as epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase, in patients with comorbid IP frequently results in inadequate screening for driver mutations, and KRAS mutations may be overlooked. Recently, sotorasib and adagrasib were approved as treatment options for advanced NSCLC with KRASG12C mutations. Although patients with comorbid IP were not excluded from clinical trials of these KRASG12C inhibitors, the incidence of drug-induced pneumonitis was low. Therefore, KRASG12C inhibitors may be a safe and effective treatment option for NSCLC with comorbid IP. This review article discusses the promise and prospects of molecular-targeted therapies, especially KRASG12C inhibitors, for NSCLC with comorbid IP, along with our own clinical experience.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoshi Ikeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, 6-16-1 Tomioka-higashi, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohoma 236-0051, Japan; (K.F.); (E.T.); (T.K.); (S.S.); (C.Y.); (K.K.); (T.F.); (S.H.); (M.W.); (T.M.); (A.S.); (T.B.); (T.O.)
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23
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Kuwana M, Sugiyama N, Momohara S, Atsumi T, Takei S, Tamura N, Harigai M, Fujii T, Matsuno H, Takeuchi T, Yamamoto K, Takasaki Y, Tanigawa M, Endo Y, Hirose T, Morishima Y, Yoshii N, Mimori T, Takagi M. Six-month safety and effectiveness of tofacitinib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in Japan: Interim analysis of post-marketing surveillance. Mod Rheumatol 2024; 34:272-286. [PMID: 37405710 DOI: 10.1093/mr/road063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the real-world safety/effectiveness of tofacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), in patients with RA in Japan registered in a post-marketing surveillance study. METHODS This interim analysis included data from July 2013 to December 2018. Adverse events (AEs), serious AEs (SAEs), Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI)/Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI)/Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28-4(ESR)] scores, and rates of SDAI/CDAI/DAS28-4(ESR)-defined remission and low disease activity were analysed using 6 months of data. Risk factors for serious infections were assessed by multivariable analyses. RESULTS Safety and disease activity were evaluated in 6866 and 6649 patients, respectively. Overall, 32.73%/7.37% of patients reported AEs/SAEs. Clinically important AEs with tofacitinib included serious infections/infestations [3.13% of patients; incidence rate (IR; patients with events) 6.91/100 patient-years (PY)], herpes zoster (3.63%; IR 8.02/100 PY), and malignancies (0.68%; IR 1.45/100 PY). SDAI/CDAI/DAS28-4(ESR) scores and remission/low disease activity rates improved over 6 months. Male sex, older age, Steinbrocker's stage IV, history of infection, and diabetes mellitus at baseline were independent risk factors for serious infection. CONCLUSIONS In patients with RA receiving tofacitinib in Japan, safety was consistent with the reported profile, and disease activity improved over 6 months. STUDY IDENTIFIER NCT01932372.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masataka Kuwana
- Department of Allergy and Rheumatology, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naonobu Sugiyama
- Inflammation and Immunology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Momohara
- Kusanagi Orthopedic Rheumatology Clinic, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Syuji Takei
- Pediatric Rheumatology, Medical Center for Children, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Harigai
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takao Fujii
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Tsutomu Takeuchi
- Department of Rheumatology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Yoshinari Takasaki
- Juntendo Koshigaya Hospital, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Saitama, Japan
| | | | | | - Tomohiro Hirose
- Inflammation and Immunology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yosuke Morishima
- Inflammation and Immunology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noritoshi Yoshii
- Inflammation and Immunology Medical Affairs, Pfizer Japan Inc., Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Michiaki Takagi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
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24
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Kitahara Y, Inoue Y, Yasui H, Karayama M, Suzuki Y, Hozumi H, Furuhashi K, Enomoto N, Fujisawa T, Funai K, Honda T, Misawa K, Miyake H, Takeuchi H, Inui N, Suda T. Pan-cancer assessment of antineoplastic therapy-induced interstitial lung disease in patients receiving subsequent therapy immediately following immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Respir Res 2024; 25:25. [PMID: 38200501 PMCID: PMC10777633 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02683-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DIILD) is a serious adverse event potentially induced by any antineoplastic agent. Whether cancer patients are predisposed to a higher risk of DIILD after receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unknown. METHODS This study retrospectively assessed the cumulative incidence of DIILD in consecutive cancer patients who received post-ICI antineoplastic treatment within 6 months from the final dose of ICIs. There was also a separate control cohort of 55 ICI-naïve patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who received docetaxel. RESULTS Of 552 patients who received ICIs, 186 met the inclusion criteria. The cohort predominantly comprised patients with cancer of the lung, kidney/urinary tract, or gastrointestinal tract. The cumulative incidence of DIILD in the entire cohort at 3 and 6 months was 4.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.4%-8.7%) and 7.2% (95% CI 4.0%-11.5%), respectively. There were significant differences according to cancer type (Gray's test, P = .04), with the highest cumulative incidence of DIILD in patients with lung cancer being 9.8% (95% CI 4.3%-18.0%) at 3 months and 14.2% (95% CI 7.3%-23.3%) at 6 months. DIILD was caused by docetaxel in six of these 11 lung cancer patients (54.5%). After matching, the cumulative incidence of docetaxel-induced ILD in patients with NSCLC in the post-ICI setting was higher than that in the ICI-naïve setting: 13.0% (95% CI 3.3%-29.7%) vs 4.3% (95% CI 0.3%-18.2%) at 3 months; and 21.7% (95% CI 7.9%-39.9%) vs 4.3% (95% CI 0.3%-18.2%) at 6 months. However, these were not significant differences (hazard ratio, 5.37; 95% CI 0.64-45.33; Fine-Gray P = .12). CONCLUSIONS Patients with lung cancer were at high risk of developing DIILD in subsequent regimens after ICI treatment. Whether NSCLC patients are predisposed to additional risk of docetaxel-induced ILD by prior ICIs warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Kitahara
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan.
| | - Hideki Yasui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Masato Karayama
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Chemotherapy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Yuzo Suzuki
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hironao Hozumi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kazuki Furuhashi
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujisawa
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Funai
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Honda
- Department of Dermatology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Misawa
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hideaki Miyake
- Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Hiroya Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-3192, Japan
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Harrison M, Kavanagh G, Corte TJ, Troy LK. Drug-induced interstitial lung disease: a narrative review of a clinical conundrum. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024; 18:23-39. [PMID: 38501199 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2329612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug-induced interstitial lung disease (DI-ILD) is increasing in incidence, due to the use of many new drugs across a broad range of cancers and chronic inflammatory diseases. The presentation and onset of DI-ILD are variable even for the same drug across different individuals. Clinical suspicion is essential for identifying these conditions, with timely drug cessation an important determinant of outcomes. AREAS COVERED This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date summary of epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of DI-ILD. Relevant research articles from PubMed and Medline searches up to September 2023 were screened and summarized. Specific drugs including immune checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapy, methotrexate, and amiodarone are discussed in detail. The potential role of pharmacogenomic profiling for lung toxicity risk is considered. EXPERT OPINION DI-ILD is likely to be an increasingly important contributor to respiratory disability in the community. These conditions can negatively impact quality of life and patient longevity, due to associated respiratory compromise as well as cessation of evidence-based therapy for the underlying disease. This clinical conundrum is relevant to all areas of medicine, necessitating increased understanding and greater vigilance for drug-related lung toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Harrison
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Grace Kavanagh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Tamera J Corte
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lauren K Troy
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
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Kashizaki F, Chen H, Miyasaka A, Tsuchiya N, Yamada C, Okazaki S, Kaneko M, Kano T, Kameda Y, Kikuchi A, Yumoto K, Osawa H, Koizumi H, Takahashi K, Kaneko T. Safety of Readministration of EGFR-TKI After Onset of Interstitial Lung Disease in Advanced EGFR-Mutated NSCLC: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Lung Cancer 2024; 25:e52-e57.e2. [PMID: 37932180 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2023.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) interruption due to EGFR-TKI-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) is a factor for shorter overall survival (OS). Several retrospective cohort studies have reported an OS-prolonging effect of the readministration of EGFR-TKIs. This study aimed to determine the safety of readministration of EGFR-TKIs after the onset of EGFR-TKI-induced ILD. METHODS The PubMed, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched until May 30, 2023. The primary outcome was successful readministration of EGFR-TKIs after the onset of EGFR-TKI-induced ILD. RESULTS A total of 690 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The initial EGFR-TKI-induced ILD rate was 13.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]:6.4-20.9). Readministration rate of EGFR-TKI after onset of EGFR-TKI-induced ILD was 40.2% (95% CI: 26.7-53.7). The successful readministration rate of EGFR-TKIs after onset of EGFR-TKI-induced ILD was 81.9% (95% CI: 73.8-90.0). Successful rate of EGFR-TKI readministration in patients with Grade 2 or higher adverse events post initial EGFR-TKI therapy was 76.1% (95% CI: 55.6-96.6). CONCLUSIONS Although initial EGFR-TKI-induced ILD has a relatively high incidence, EGFR-TKI readministration after the onset of EGFR-TKI-induced ILD may be a viable treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Kashizaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyasaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Nanami Tsuchiya
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Chihiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Shunsuke Okazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Mai Kaneko
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Taiki Kano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Yohei Kameda
- Department of General thoracic surgery, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Akitomo Kikuchi
- Department of General thoracic surgery, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Kentaro Yumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osawa
- Department of General thoracic surgery, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Harumi Koizumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Kenichi Takahashi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama Minami Kyosai Hospital, Yokohama Japan
| | - Takeshi Kaneko
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yokohama City University Hospital, Yokohama Japan
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Hanibuchi M, Ogino H, Sato S, Nishioka Y. Current pharmacotherapies for advanced lung cancer with pre-existing interstitial lung disease : A literature review and future perspectives. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2024; 71:9-22. [PMID: 38735730 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.71.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, are at increased risk of developing lung cancer (LC). Pharmacotherapy for advanced LC has dramatically progressed in recent years;however, management of LC with pre-existing ILD (LC-ILD) is challenging due to serious concerns about the risk of acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD). As patients with LC-ILD have been excluded from most prospective clinical trials of advanced LC, optimal pharmacotherapy remains to be elucidated. Although the antitumor activity of first-line platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy appears to be similar in advanced LC patients with or without ILD, its impact on the survival of patients with LC-ILD is limited. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may hold promise for long-term survival, but many challenges remain, including safety and appropriate patient selection. Further understanding the predictive factors for AE-ILD after receiving pharmacotherapy in LC-ILD may lead to appropriate patient selection and lower treatment risk. The aim of this review was to summarize the current evidence related to pharmacotherapy for advanced LC-ILD and discuss emerging areas of research. J. Med. Invest. 71 : 9-22, February, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Hanibuchi
- Department of Community Medicine for Respirology, Hematology, and Metabolism, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Ogino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Seidai Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Nishioka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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Shimoji K, Nakashima T, Masuda T, Namba M, Sakamoto S, Yamaguchi K, Horimasu Y, Mimae T, Miyamoto S, Iwamoto H, Fujitaka K, Hamada H, Okada M, Hattori N. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α modulates interstitial pneumonia-mediated lung cancer progression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:857. [PMID: 38012636 PMCID: PMC10680219 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04756-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis of patients with lung cancer accompanied by interstitial pneumonia is poorer than that of patients with lung cancer but without interstitial pneumonia. Moreover, the available therapeutic interventions for lung cancer patients with interstitial pneumonia are limited. Therefore, a new treatment strategy for these patients is required. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathophysiological relationship between interstitial pneumonia and lung cancer and explore potential therapeutic agents. METHODS A novel hybrid murine model of lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia was established via bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis followed by orthotopic lung cancer cell transplantation into the lungs. Changes in tumor progression, lung fibrosis, RNA expression, cytokine levels, and tumor microenvironment in the lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia model were investigated, and therapeutic agents were examined. Additionally, clinical data and samples from patients with lung cancer accompanied by interstitial pneumonia were analyzed to explore the potential clinical significance of the findings. RESULTS In the lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia model, accelerated tumor growth was observed based on an altered tumor microenvironment. RNA sequencing analysis revealed upregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway. These findings were consistent with those obtained for human samples. Moreover, we explored whether ascorbic acid could be an alternative treatment for lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia to avoid the disadvantages of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 inhibitors. Ascorbic acid successfully downregulated the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 signaling pathway and inhibited tumor progression and lung fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS The hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathway is critical in lung cancer with interstitial pneumonia and could be a therapeutic target for mitigating interstitial pneumonia-mediated lung cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyofumi Shimoji
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Taku Nakashima
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Masuda
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masashi Namba
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Sakamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kakuhiro Yamaguchi
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Yasushi Horimasu
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mimae
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shintaro Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwamoto
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Kazunori Fujitaka
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
| | - Hironobu Hamada
- Department of Physical Analysis and Therapeutic Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Morihito Okada
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Noboru Hattori
- Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan
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Tanaka S, Tsuji T, Jinno K, Matsumoto S. Combination Therapy With Erlotinib and Ramucirumab in a Patient With Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutation Positive Lung Adenocarcinoma and Interstitial Pneumonia: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e49528. [PMID: 38156131 PMCID: PMC10753077 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial pneumonia often acts as a barrier to lung cancer treatment. We report the case of a 79-year-old man who was diagnosed with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation positive lung adenocarcinoma (T2aN0M0, stage ⅠB, EGFR exon 19 deletion), and was positive for anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase antibodies with interstitial pneumonia. Metastasis in the right seventh rib was detected three months after surgical resection and radiation therapy was initiated. As recurrence was observed at both ends of the radiation field five months later, combination chemotherapy with erlotinib and ramucirumab was initiated. Approximately one year has passed since the start initiation of treatment, and acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia has not been observed during the follow-up period observation. The tumor has remained stable, indicating stable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunya Tanaka
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, JPN
| | - Taisuke Tsuji
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, JPN
| | - Kazuki Jinno
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, JPN
| | - Shoki Matsumoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Society Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, JPN
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Okada K, Sakakibara R, Honda T, Mitsumura T, Shibata S, Shirai T, Okamoto T, Furusawa H, Tateishi T, Miyazaki Y. Tolerability of sotorasib for KRAS positive lung adenocarcinoma patient with pre-existing interstitial pneumonia; A case report. Respir Med Case Rep 2023; 46:101929. [PMID: 37886215 PMCID: PMC10598048 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2023.101929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A 74-year-old man was referred to our hospital with an abnormal chest shadow. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a mass in the left upper lobe and interstitial pneumonia (IP). The patient underwent CT-guided needle biopsy and was diagnosed as lung adenocarcinoma with cT2aN1M1a Stage IVA (PUL). The patient was administered 6 cycles of CBDCA + nab-paclitaxel as first-line, 3 cycles of atezolizumab as second-line, and 8 cycles of S-1 as third-line treatment but finally showed tumor progression. Because comprehensive genome profiling test revealed KRAS G12C mutation, sotorasib was initiated as fourth-line treatment and showed tumor regression without exacerbation of pre-existing IP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Okada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Sakakibara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Honda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Mitsumura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary Immunotherapeutic, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Shibata
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shirai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Okamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary Immunotherapeutic, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Furusawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoya Tateishi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunari Miyazaki
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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31
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Wong A, Riley M, Zhao S, Wang JG, Esguerra V, Li M, Lopez G, Otterson GA, Kendra K, Presley CJ, Wei L, Owen DH, Ho K. Association between pre-treatment chest imaging and pulmonary function abnormalities and immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:1727-1735. [PMID: 36640189 PMCID: PMC10992955 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03373-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a first-line treatment for various metastatic solid tumors. Pneumonitis is a potentially devastating complication of ICI treatment and a leading cause of ICI-related mortality. Here, we evaluate whether abnormal pre-treatment pulmonary function tests (PFTs) or interstitial abnormalities on computed tomography of the chest (CT chest) prior to ICI are associated with the development of ICI-pneumonitis (ICI-p). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients who received at least one dose of ICI from 2011 to 2017 at The Ohio State University. Potential risk factors for ICI-p, including abnormal PFTs and CT chest, were recorded. These risk factors were compared between patients with and without pneumonitis. RESULTS In total, 1097 patients were included, 46 with ICI-p and 1051 without. Ninety percent of patients had pre-treatment chest imaging, while only 10% had pre-treatment PFTs. On multivariable analysis, interstitial abnormalities and reduced total lung capacity (TLC) were significantly associated with development of ICI-p (hazard ratio of 42.42 [95% CI; 15.04-119.67] and hazard ratio of 4.04 [95% CI; 1.32-12.37]), respectively. No other PFT abnormality was associated with increased risk of ICI-p. There was no significant difference in overall survival in patients who did or did not develop ICI-p (p = 0.332). CONCLUSIONS Pre-existing interstitial abnormalities on CT chest and reduced TLC were strongly associated with developing ICI-p. Prospective studies are warranted to further explore the role of PFTs as a potential tool for identifying patients at highest risk for developing ICI-p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Wong
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Maria Riley
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Songzhu Zhao
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jing Gennie Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 5000, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Vince Esguerra
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 5000, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Mingjia Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gabrielle Lopez
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gregory A Otterson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Kari Kendra
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Carolyn J Presley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lai Wei
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Dwight H Owen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 241 W 11th Ave, Suite 5000, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
| | - Kevin Ho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University - James Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Habib T, Abu-Abaa M, Kolman-Taddeo D. Nivolumab-Induced Organizing Pneumonia in Management of Non-small Cell Lung Carcinoma: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e39217. [PMID: 37337505 PMCID: PMC10276897 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nivolumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) that has proven efficacy in managing certain malignancies, including non-small lung carcinoma. In this case, we present a 53-year-old female patient diagnosed with metastatic non-small lung carcinoma. After management with radiation (both external beam and brachytherapy) and tumor debulking by bronchoscopic cryotherapy, she developed an initial pneumonitis attributed to nivolumab and ipilimumab. This was successfully managed with steroid therapy and allowed nivolumab monotherapy to restart. However, several months later, she developed organizing pneumonia, prompting immunotherapy discontinuation and initiation of corticosteroid therapy. This case serves as a reminder to clinicians that although ICIs constitute a novel, effective therapy for certain malignancies, immunological side effects can be debilitating and prevent continued immunotherapy. Through this case, we aim to review the literature about this rare side effect of nivolumab-induced pneumonitis, risk factors, diagnosis, and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehmina Habib
- Internal Medicine, Capital Health Regional Medical Center, Trenton, USA
| | - Mohammad Abu-Abaa
- Internal Medicine, Capital Health Regional Medical Center, Trenton, USA
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Zhou Q, Hu Z, Li X, Tang X. Almonertinib-induced interstitial lung disease in a lung adenocarcinoma patient complicated with interstitial lung abnormality. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:79. [PMID: 36890493 PMCID: PMC9996844 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02367-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the use of targeted drugs in lung cancer patients, targeted drug-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD) has attracted more and more attention. The incidence, time, and severity of different targeted drug-induced ILD vary. Almonertinib/HS-10296 is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). Post-marketing safety and effectiveness of almonertinib have been confirmed. The reported adverse events of almonertinib were mainly an increase in creatine phosphokinase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase, and onset of rash. Almonertinib-induced ILD is rare. CASE REPORT This paper reported the case of a patient with lung adenocarcinoma complicated with interstitial lung abnormality (ILA). Gene detection showed L858R mutation in exon 21 of the EGFR gene. After operation, almonertinib (110 mg per day) was prescribed. 3 months later, ILD was found by chest CT due to dyspnea. MANAGEMENT AND OUTCOME Subsequently, almonertinib was stopped. With the administration of intravenous glucocorticoid and oxygen inhalation, the patient's dyspnea was significantly regressed and lung lesions regressed on follow-up chest CT done after discharge. DISCUSSION This case suggested that we should pay attention to the existence of ILD/ILA before using targeted drugs. The use of targeted drugs should be more strictly controlled and monitored in patients with previous ILA or ILD. This paper also reviewed the relevant literature on the drug characteristics and summarized the risk factors of ILD caused by EGFR-TKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhong Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaokui Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Risk of pneumonitis in non-small cell lung cancer patients with preexisting interstitial lung diseases treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:591-598. [PMID: 35994088 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with preexisting interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) increases the risk of developing pneumonitis. However, the association between pneumonitis and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and related factors remains unclear. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a nationwide inpatient database. We included patients (aged ≥ 20 years) newly diagnosed with ILD and NSCLC and who started chemotherapy (ICIs or conventional chemotherapy) between January 2016 and December 2019. The primary endpoint was the onset of pneumonitis. We estimated the cumulative incidence function of pneumonitis and compared it with patients taking ICIs and patients receiving conventional chemotherapy using Gray's test. We calculated the subdistribution hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the incidence of pneumonitis using Fine and Gray's model to adjust for sex, age, smoking status, histology of NSCLC, surgical history, and medical histories, considering death as the competing risk. RESULTS We identified 1177 patients (mean age 72 years, 13.8% female), of which 328 and 849 were in the ICI and conventional chemotherapy groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence function of pneumonitis between the two groups (p = 0.868). The adjusted subdistribution HR for the incidence of pneumonitis was 1.08 (95% CI: 0.74-1.57). Age (≥ 65 years) (HR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.11-3.10) and smoking history (HR: 2.04, 95% CI: 1.02-4.11) were associated with developing pneumonitis. CONCLUSION The risk of developing pneumonitis with ICIs for NSCLC patients with preexisting ILD was similar to that with conventional chemotherapy.
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Assié JB, Chouaïd C, Nunes H, Reynaud D, Gaudin AF, Grumberg V, Jolivel R, Jouaneton B, Cotté FE, Duchemann B. Outcome following nivolumab treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and comorbid interstitial lung disease in a real-world setting. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2023; 15:17588359231152847. [PMID: 36743523 PMCID: PMC9893351 DOI: 10.1177/17588359231152847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Up to 10% of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (aNSCLC) have pre-existing interstitial lung disease (ILD). These patients are usually excluded from immunotherapy clinical trials. Consequently, knowledge on outcomes following nivolumab treatment in these patients remains limited. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate survival outcome following nivolumab treatment in ILD patients with pre-treated aNSCLC in the real-world setting. Patients and methods The study included all patients with aNSCLC recorded in the French hospital database, starting nivolumab in 2015-2016. Patients were stratified by pre-existing ILD and three subgroups were studied [auto-immune or granulomatous (AI/G) ILD, other known causes ILD and idiopathic ILD]. Time to discontinuation of nivolumab treatment [time to treatment duration (TTD)] and overall survival (OS) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results Of 10,452 aNSCLC patients initiating nivolumab, 148 (1.4%) had pre-existing ILD. Mean age at nivolumab initiation was 64.6 ± 9.4 years in ILD and 63.8 ± 9.6 years in non-ILD. Compared to non-ILD, patients in the ILD group were more frequently men (p < 0.05) and had more comorbidities (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference between ILD and non-ILD groups for median TTD (2.5 versus 2.8 months; p = 0.6) or median OS (9.6 versus 11.9 months; p = 0.1). Median OS in AI/G ILD (n = 14), other known causes ILD (n = 75), and idiopathic ILD (n = 59) were 8.6, 10.7, and 9.6 months, respectively. Conclusion In this large cohort of aNSCLC patients with ILD, outcomes are similar to those obtained in the non-ILD population. Immunotherapy could be beneficial for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Assié
- Functional Genomics of Solid Tumors Laboratory, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Créteil, Créteil, France
| | | | - Hilario Nunes
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Centre de Référence des Maladies Pulmonaires Rares, Avicenne Hospital, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Valentine Grumberg
- Bristol Myers Squibb France, 3 rue Joseph Monier, Rueil-Malmaison 92500, France. Oncostat – U1018, INSERM, Paris-Saclay University, “Ligue Contre le Cancer” Labeled Team, Villejuif, France
| | | | | | | | - Boris Duchemann
- Department of Thoracic and Medical Oncology, Avicenne Hospital, Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Immunomonitoring en Oncologie, INSERM US23, CNRS UMS 3655, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
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Funasaka C, Naito Y, Kusuhara S, Nakao T, Nakajima H, Kawamoto M, Baba K, Mamishin K, Kondoh C, Harano K, Matsubara N, Hosono A, Sasaki T, Kawasaki T, Mukohara T. Clinical features of CDK4/6 inhibitor-related interstitial lung disease in patients with breast cancer: a case series study. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:105-114. [PMID: 36373891 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are the standard treatment for advanced hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Although interstitial lung disease is a rare (1-3.3%) but serious adverse event associated with CDK4/6 inhibitors, the incidence of interstitial lung disease in Japanese patients in the real world and the risk factors of interstitial lung disease are not clear. METHODS We retrospectively investigated the incidence of interstitial lung disease in 224 patients with advanced breast cancer who received CDK4/6 inhibitors at our hospital between 31 January 2017 and 31 January 2021. The correlation of age (>50 vs ≤50 years), presence or absence of previous history of interstitial lung disease, lung metastasis, smoking history and chest radiation with the development of interstitial lung disease was evaluated. RESULTS In total, 177 cases received palbociclib, 39 cases received abemaciclib and 8 cases received both palbociclib and abemaciclib, constituting a palbociclib group (n = 185) and an abemaciclib group (n = 47). At a median observation period of 607 days, 8.0% (18/224) cases (13 definite and 5 probable cases) had interstitial lung disease; 6.5% (12/185) of palbociclib-treated and 13% (6/47) of abemaciclib-treated cases. The median time to interstitial lung disease onset was 178 (range, 14-750) days. There was no significant correlation between the background factors studied and the development of interstitial lung disease. CONCLUSION The frequency of CDK4/6 inhibitor-induced interstitial lung disease was higher than that reported in clinical trials. We did not identify any risk factors for the development of interstitial lung disease in this study, and thus, larger studies that include patient predisposition are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikako Funasaka
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Departments of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Yoichi Naito
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Departments of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Departments of General Internal Medicine, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Shota Kusuhara
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Takehiro Nakao
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Nakajima
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Departments of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Megumi Kawamoto
- Departments of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kaede Baba
- Departments of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kanako Mamishin
- Departments of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Chihiro Kondoh
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Kenichi Harano
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Departments of Experimental Therapeutics, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Matsubara
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Ako Hosono
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan.,Departments of Pediatric Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Sasaki
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toshikatsu Kawasaki
- Departments of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Toru Mukohara
- Departments of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
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Fukui T, Sasaki J, Igawa S, Kada A, Saito TI, Kogure Y, Okamoto H, Naoki K. Rationale and protocol design of a phase II study of first-line osimertinib treatment for patients with poor performance status and EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer (OPEN/TORG2040). BMC Cancer 2022; 22:1314. [PMID: 36522630 PMCID: PMC9753257 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-10409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer chemotherapy indications for patients with poor performance status and advanced lung cancer are limited. Molecular targeted drugs, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors, can be used in patients with poor performance status owing to their high efficacy and safety. The third-generation EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor osimertinib has demonstrated effectiveness in the initial treatment of advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer in patients with good performance status; however, no evidence exists of the drug's effectiveness in patients with poor performance status in a prospective study. We designed a study that aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of first-line osimertinib treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer harboring sensitive EGFR mutations and with poor performance status. METHODS The OPEN/TORG2040 study is a multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial for patients with unresectable, advanced EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer with a poor performance status (≥ 2). Eligible patients will receive osimertinib until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint is the objective response rate of the first-line osimertinib treatment. Considering a threshold value of 45%, expected value of 70% for objective response rate, one-sided significance level of 5%, statistical power of 80%, and ineligible patients, the sample size was set to 30. The secondary endpoints are disease control rate, performance status improvement rate, and safety and patient-reported outcomes using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core Quality of Life Questionnaire and Lung Cancer 13. Time to treatment failure, progression-free survival, and overall survival will also be assessed. DISCUSSION Our study can determine the clinical benefits of osimertinib treatment in patients with poor performance status, since the clinical outcomes of patients with EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer with poor performance status treated with this drug as a first-line treatment have not been sufficiently evaluated. TRIAL REGISTRATION Japan Registry of Clinical Trials: jRCTs041200100 (registration date: February 12, 2021).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Fukui
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Jiichiro Sasaki
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Research and Development Center for New Medical Frontiers, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Satoshi Igawa
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
| | - Akiko Kada
- grid.410840.90000 0004 0378 7902Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Toshiki I. Saito
- grid.410840.90000 0004 0378 7902Clinical Research Center, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Kogure
- grid.410840.90000 0004 0378 7902Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okamoto
- grid.417366.10000 0004 0377 5418Department of Respiratory Medicine and Medical Oncology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen’s Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Naoki
- grid.410786.c0000 0000 9206 2938Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374 Japan
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Tseng SC, Lee HY, Nishino M. Imaging of Drug-Related Pneumonitis in Oncology. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2022; 43:887-898. [PMID: 36307109 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1755569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinical applications of novel anticancer agents in the past few decades brought marked advances in cancer treatment, enabling remarkable efficacy and effectiveness; however, these novel agents are also associated with toxicities. Among various toxicities, drug-related pneumonitis is one of the major clinical challenges in the management of cancer patients. Imaging plays a key role in detection, diagnosis, and monitoring of drug-related pneumonitis during cancer treatment. In the current era of precision oncology, pneumonitis from molecular targeted therapy and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has been recognized as an event of clinical significance. Additionally, further advances of therapeutic approaches in cancer have brought several emerging issues in diagnosis and monitoring of pneumonitis. This article will describe the computed tomography (CT) pattern-based approach for drug-related pneumonitis that has been utilized to describe the imaging manifestations of pneumonitis from novel cancer therapies. Then, we will discuss pneumonitis from representative agents of precision cancer therapy, including mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors, epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors, and ICI, focusing on the incidence, risk factors, and the spectrum of CT patterns. Finally, the article will address emerging challenges in the diagnosis and monitoring of pneumonitis, including pneumonitis from combination ICI and radiation therapy and from antibody conjugate therapy, as well as the overlapping imaging features of drug-related pneumonitis and coronavirus disease 2019 pneumonia. The review is designed to provide a practical overview of drug-related pneumonitis from cutting-edge cancer therapy with emphasis on the role of imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chi Tseng
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ho Yun Lee
- Department of Radiology and Center for Imaging Science, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Chen M, Zhao L, Yao F, Yang XD. Severe lung injury induced by CD38 monoclonal antibody Daratumumab and bortezomib-containing regimen in a patient with preexisting interstitial lung disease: a case report and literature review. J Clin Pharm Ther 2022; 47:2387-2392. [PMID: 36478570 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Daratumumab, an anti-CD38 monoclonalantibody, is a safe and effective antibody used in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM), which is rarely reported to cause severe pulmonary complications. CASE SUMMARY A 58-year-old man diagnosed with MM and preexisting interstitial lung disease developed a high fever and severe dyspnea after administering Daratumumab and bortezomib-containing regimen. Chest CT showed bilaterally and diffused ground-glass opacities and consolidations. A quick improvement was achieved in both clinical symptoms and chest imaging findings through the administration of large doses of methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisolone. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION This is the first case reporting Daratumumab and bortezomib-containing regimen-induced lung injury characterized by preexisting interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Chen
- Department of Hematology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Department of Hematology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Yao
- Department of Hematology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Dong Yang
- Department of Hematology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin, China
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Enomoto N. Pathological Roles of Pulmonary Cells in Acute Lung Injury: Lessons from Clinical Practice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315027. [PMID: 36499351 PMCID: PMC9736972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are relatively rare and sometimes become life threatening. In particular, rapidly progressive ILD, which frequently presents as acute lung injury (ALI) on lung histopathology, shows poor prognosis if proper and immediate treatments are not initiated. These devastating conditions include acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF), clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis (CADM), epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI)-induced lung injury, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) infection named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this review, clinical information, physical findings, laboratory examinations, and findings on lung high-resolution computed tomography and lung histopathology are presented, focusing on majorly damaged cells in each disease. Furthermore, treatments that should be immediately initiated in clinical practice for each disease are illustrated to save patients with these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Enomoto
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-53-435-2263; Fax: +81-53-435-2354
- Health Administration Center, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Hamamatsu 431-3192, Japan
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Frank AJ, Dagogo-Jack I, Dobre IA, Tait S, Schumacher L, Fintelmann FJ, Fingerman LM, Keane FK, Montesi SB. Management of Lung Cancer in the Patient with Interstitial Lung Disease. Oncologist 2022; 28:12-22. [PMID: 36426803 PMCID: PMC9847545 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially those with pulmonary fibrosis, are at increased risk of developing lung cancer. Management of lung cancer in patients with ILD is particularly challenging. Diagnosis can be complicated by difficulty differentiating lung nodules from areas of focal fibrosis, and percutaneous biopsy approaches confer an increased risk of complications in those with pulmonary fibrosis. Lung cancer treatment in these patients pose several specific considerations. The degree of lung function impairment may preclude lobectomy or surgical resection of any type. Surgical resection can trigger an acute exacerbation of the underlying ILD. The presence of ILD confers an increased risk of pneumonitis with radiotherapy, and many of the systemic therapies also carry an increased risk of pneumonitis in this population. The safety of immunotherapy in the setting of ILD remains to be fully elucidated and concerns remain as to triggering pneumonitis. The purpose of this review is to summarize the evidence regarding consideration for tissue diagnosis, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery, in this patient population and discuss emerging areas of research. We also propose a multidisciplinary approach and practical considerations for monitoring for ILD progression during lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ioana A Dobre
- Queen’s University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Tait
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lana Schumacher
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florian J Fintelmann
- Department of Radiology, Division of Thoracic Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leah M Fingerman
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Florence K Keane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sydney B Montesi
- Corresponding author: Sydney B. Montesi, MD, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, BUL-148, Boston, MA 02114, USA. Tel: +1 617 724 4030;
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[Research Progress on the Pathogenesis of Lung Cancer Associated with
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:811-818. [PMID: 36419395 PMCID: PMC9720683 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.101.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown causes, which is characterized by pulmonary fibrosis. The median survival period after diagnosis is about 2-4 years. In recent years, the incidence rate of lung cancer associated with IPF (IPF-LC) is increasing, and the prognosis is worse than that of IPF alone. Pulmonary fibrosis may be closely associated with the occurrence and development of lung cancer. Although the pathogenesis of IPF-LC is still unclear, the current research shows that there are similarities between the pathogenesis of these two diseases at molecular and cellular levels. At present, the research on the cellular and molecular mechanism of lung cancer related to pulmonary fibrosis has become the focus of researchers' attention. This article reviews the related literature, focusing on the latest status of the cellular and molecular mechanisms and treatment of IPF-LC, hoping to help clinicians understand IPF-LC.
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Chihara Y, Takeda T, Goto Y, Nakamura Y, Tsuchiya-Kawano Y, Nakao A, Onoi K, Hibino M, Fukuda M, Honda R, Yamada T, Taniguchi R, Sakamoto S, Date K, Nagashima S, Tanzawa S, Minato K, Nakatani K, Izumi M, Shimose T, Kishimoto J, Uchino J, Takayama K. A Phase II Trial on Osimertinib as a First-Line Treatment for EGFR Mutation-Positive Advanced NSCLC in Elderly Patients: The SPIRAL-0 Study. Oncologist 2022; 27:903-e834. [PMID: 36181763 PMCID: PMC9632307 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osimertinib is one of the standard first-line treatments for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, because it achieves significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) than conventional first-line treatments (hazard ratio: 0.46). However, the efficacy and safety of osimertinib as a first-line treatment for patients aged ≥75 years remain unclear. METHODS This phase II study was performed to prospectively investigate the efficacy and safety of osimertinib for elderly patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The primary endpoint was 1-year PFS rate; secondary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), PFS, overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included in the analysis. The 1-year PFS rate was 59.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 46.1%-72.7%), which did not meet the primary endpoint (the threshold 1-year PFS rate of 50% predicted using data from the NEJ003 study). The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were rash/dermatitis acneiform/ALT increased/hypokalemia (2 patients, 5%). Seven patients developed pneumonitis (17.5%). There were no other cases of treatment discontinuation due to adverse events other than pneumonitis. CONCLUSION Although this study did not meet the primary endpoint, osimertinib was tolerable for elderly patients with EGFR mutation-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer. (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials [JRCT] ID number: jRCTs071180007).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Chihara
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Uji-Tokushukai Medical Center, Uji, Japan
| | - Takayuki Takeda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Goto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Yoichi Nakamura
- Division of Thoracic Oncology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | - Yuko Tsuchiya-Kawano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kitakyushu Municipal Medical Center, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Akira Nakao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keisuke Onoi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Hibino
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shonan Fujisawa Tokushukai Hospital, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Minoru Fukuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Honda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamada
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Japan
| | | | - Sinjiro Sakamoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koji Date
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Chubu Medical Center, Nantan, Japan
| | - Seiji Nagashima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, Omura, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tanzawa
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Minato
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Gunma Prefectural Cancer Center, Ota, Japan
| | - Koichi Nakatani
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miiru Izumi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Omuta National Hospital, Omuta, Japan
| | - Takayuki Shimose
- Department of Statistics and Data Center, Clinical Research Support Center Kyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Kishimoto
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Junji Uchino
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koichi Takayama
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Thrombocytopenia and pneumonitis associated with BNT16B2b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: A case report. CLINICAL INFECTION IN PRACTICE 2022; 16:100204. [PMID: 36212609 PMCID: PMC9533633 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinpr.2022.100204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An 80-year-old Japanese male patient with Behçet's disease presented with a seven-day history of fever, cough, and progressive shortness of breath after receiving a second dose of the BNT16B2b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech). The initial diagnosis was community-acquired pneumonia, and antibiotic treatment was started but proved ineffective. Twenty days after onset, his platelet count was significantly decreased. We suspected vaccine-induced pneumonitis and thrombocytopenia. After administration of prednisolone and intravenous immunoglobulin, and platelet transfusions, his platelet count normalized. The pneumonia symptoms improved three weeks after onset. Herein, we also summarize previous reports of cases of pneumonitis and thrombocytopenia associated with SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
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Patel KG, Corbett RL, Karanjawala ZE, Kelly KA, Stollenwerk N, Riess JW. A Case of Osimertinib-Induced Eosinophilic Pneumonia. Clin Lung Cancer 2022; 23:639-642. [PMID: 36104273 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanishka G Patel
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Rebecca L Corbett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Zarir E Karanjawala
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Karen A Kelly
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Nicholas Stollenwerk
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA
| | - Jonathan W Riess
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA.
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Uzu S, Sato J, Wakao R, Nonaka T. Analysis and enhancement of risk management for ethnic differences in antineoplastic drugs in Japan. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1292. [PMID: 36289504 PMCID: PMC9609241 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08685-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Risk management in the post-marketing phase is crucial to minimize health problems caused by drugs. Because ethnic factors may affect drug safety, the objective of this study was to explore concrete approaches to reflecting ethnic factors in risk management under multi-regional drug development. Methods We assessed Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA) review reports on antineoplastic drugs approved as new molecular entities in the last 10 years to identify any differences in the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) related to myelosuppression, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and interstitial lung disease between Japanese and non-Japanese populations. In addition, we investigated how those ADRs were handled in the labeling of each drug. Results In total, 44 drugs were available for comparing the incidence of ADRs between Japanese and non-Japanese populations. Of these, 32 drugs had a higher incidence of ADRs in the Japanese population. However, the incidence of ADRs in the Japanese population was described in the labeling for 7 drugs, and only the incidence in the overall population in multi-regional phase III trials was described in the labeling for the remaining 25 drugs. Of these 25 drugs, two drugs were immediately placed under emergency safety control measures after approval because of the high incidence of ADRs in Japanese patients. Conclusions For drugs that might cause serious ADRs and with a higher incidence in the Japanese population, information should be provided on the incidence in the Japanese population as well as in the overall population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Uzu
- grid.490702.80000000417639556Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, 100-0013 Japan
| | - Jun Sato
- Office of New Drug V, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rika Wakao
- grid.490702.80000000417639556Office of Research Promotion, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, 100-0013 Japan
| | - Takahiro Nonaka
- grid.261445.00000 0001 1009 6411Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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Takabe K, Day V, Benesch MG. The Dimensions of Reports From Around the World That Address Diversity in Oncology. World J Oncol 2022; 13:241-243. [PMID: 36406191 PMCID: PMC9635789 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA,Corresponding Author: Kazuaki Takabe, Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA.
| | - Vidalina Day
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Matthew G.K. Benesch
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
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Higashiyama RI, Yoshida T, Yagishita S, Ohuchi M, Sakiyama N, Torasawa M, Shirasawa M, Masuda K, Shinno Y, Matsumoto Y, Okuma Y, Goto Y, Horinouchi H, Yamamoto N, Hamada A, Ohe Y. Safety Implications of Switching Pembrolizumab Dosage From 200 mg Every 3 Weeks to 400 mg Every 6 Weeks in Patients With Advanced NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol 2022; 17:1227-1232. [PMID: 35788404 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Administration of 400 mg pembrolizumab every 6 weeks (400 mg Q6W) has been approved on the basis of the results of simulated pharmacokinetic modeling and exposure-response analyses. Nevertheless, the safety of switching dosage from 200 mg every 3 weeks (Q3W) to 400 mg Q6W during treatment remains unclear. METHODS This study involved patients (N = 45) with advanced NSCLC, in whom the pembrolizumab dosage was switched from 200 mg Q3W to 400 mg Q6W between August 2020 and November 2021 in our institute. RESULTS At the time of switching, the median age of the patients was 71 (range: 32-84) years, and 32 patients (71.1 %) were males. The median number of cycles of 200 mg Q3W before switching was six (range: 1-31). After switching, new or worsening immune-related adverse events (irAEs) occurred in 17 of the 45 patients (37.8%) within three cycles. The irAEs were pneumonitis in 11 patients (24.4%), diarrhea in three patients (6.7%), renal dysfunction in two patients (4.4%), adrenal dysfunction in two patients (4.4%), a skin rash in one patient (2.2%), fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus in one patient (2.2%). CONCLUSIONS The switching of pembrolizumab dosage from 200 mg Q3W to 400 mg Q6W resulted in the occurrence of new or worsening irAEs, in particular, pneumonitis, in the early cycles even in patients who had received stable treatment with 200 mg Q3W.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Inaba Higashiyama
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Course of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yoshida
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Shigehiro Yagishita
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayu Ohuchi
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Sakiyama
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiro Torasawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shirasawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken Masuda
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuki Shinno
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsumoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Okuma
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehito Horinouchi
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noboru Yamamoto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akinobu Hamada
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Fundamental Innovative Oncology Core, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Ohe
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; Course of Advanced Clinical Research of Cancer, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang J, Ji D, Shen W, Xiao Q, Gu Y, O'Shaughnessy J, Hu X. Phase I Trial of a Novel Anti-HER2 Antibody-Drug Conjugate, ARX788, for the Treatment of HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:OF1-OF10. [PMID: 35766963 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-22-0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE ARX788 is a novel antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) comprised of an anti-HER2 mAb and a potent tubulin inhibitor payload AS269 that is site-specifically conjugated to the antibody via a nonnatural amino acid incorporated into the antibody. Herein, we present the results of a phase I study of the safety, pharmacokinetics, and antitumor activity of ARX788 in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with HER2-positive MBC received ARX788 at doses of 0.33, 0.66, 0.88, 1.1, 1.3, or 1.5 mg/kg every 3 weeks, or 0.88, 1.1, or 1.3 mg/kg every 4 weeks. The dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was assessed for 84 days for pulmonary toxicity and at a duration of one cycle (21 or 28 days) for other toxicities. RESULTS In total, 69 patients were enrolled. No DLT or drug-related deaths occurred. Most patients (67/69; 97.1%) experienced at least one treatment-related adverse event (TRAE). Common (≥ 30%) TRAEs included an increase in aspartate aminotransferase, an increase in alanine aminotransferase, corneal epitheliopathy, alopecia, hypokalemia, interstitial lung disease (ILD)/pneumonitis, and an increase in aldosterone. While 34.8% of participants experienced ILD/pneumonitis, only 2 had a severity of grade 3. At 1.5 mg/kg every 3 weeks, the recommended phase II dose, the objective response rate was 65.5% [19/29, 95% confidence interval (CI), 45.7-82.1], the disease control rate was 100% (95% CI, 81.2-100), and the median progression-free survival was 17.02 months (95% CI, 10.09-not reached). CONCLUSIONS ARX788 demonstrated a manageable safety profile with promising preliminary signs of activity in patients with HER2-positive MBC who progressed on prior anti-HER2 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Ji
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Head, Neck and Neuroendocrine Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Weina Shen
- Phase I Clinical Trial Center, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajia Gu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Radiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Joyce O'Shaughnessy
- Baylor Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Texas Oncology, US Oncology, Dallas, Texas
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Breast and Urinary Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
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Wang Y, Gong X, Hu Y, Yi Q, Zhang Q, Miao L, Zhou Y. Anti-Angiogenic Drugs Inhibit Interstitial Lung Disease Progression in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:873709. [PMID: 35795057 PMCID: PMC9251331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.873709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most serious complication of chemotherapy in lung cancer patients with pre-existing ILD. The effect of anti-angiogenic drugs in lung cancer patients with ILD remains unclear. We examined the effect of anti-angiogenic drugs on reducing the risk of ILD progression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving chemotherapy. Methods We analyzed the risk of ILD progression in 52 patients with advanced NSCLC with ILD who received first-line chemotherapy with (anti-angiogenic group, n = 22) and without (non-anti-angiogenic group, n = 30) anti-angiogenic drugs between August 2014 and January 2021. Results The incidences of chemotherapy-related ILD progression were significantly lower in the anti-angiogenic than in the non-anti-angiogenic groups (0% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.033). However, there were no differences in other events as the competing risk factors of ILD progression between the two groups. The overall-cumulative incidence of ILD progression during the first-line and subsequent chemotherapy was 30.8% (16 of the 52). The median progression-free survival had no significant difference between the anti-angiogenic and the non-anti-angiogenic groups (10.3 vs. 8.1 months, p = 0.386). Conclusions The addition of anti-angiogenic drugs to chemotherapy regimens may reduce the risk of chemotherapy-related ILD progression in patients with NSCLC-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanning Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoling Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianning Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyun Miao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Liyun Miao, ; Yujie Zhou,
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Liyun Miao, ; Yujie Zhou,
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