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Neville CE, Montgomery S, Silvestri G, McGowan A, Moore E, Silvestri V, Cardwell C, McEvoy CT, Maxwell AP, Woodside JV, McKay GJ. Dietary Patterns and Retinal Vessel Caliber in the Irish Nun Eye Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:751-758. [PMID: 30080215 PMCID: PMC6061240 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0992-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Retinal vessel abnormalities are associated with cardiovascular disease risk. Widening of retinal venules is associated with increased risk of stroke while narrowing of retinal arterioles independently predicts incident hypertension, coronary heart disease and diabetes. Dietary factors are known to play an important role in cardiovascular health. However, few studies have examined the association between dietary patterns (DPs) and retinal microvascular health. OBJECTIVE To examine the association between 'a posteriori'-derived DPs and retinal vascular caliber (RVC) in older women with a restricted lifestyle. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 1233 participants (mean age: 76.3 years) from the Irish Nun Eye Study (INES). Computer-assisted software was used to measure RVC from digital eye images using standardized protocols. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). DP analysis was performed using principal component analysis from completed FFQs. Regression models were used to assess associations between DPs and retinal vessel diameters, adjusting for age, body mass index, refraction, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident and fellow eye RVC. RESULTS Two DPs were identified: a 'healthy' pattern with high factor loadings for fruit, vegetables, wholegrains and oily fish and an 'unhealthy' pattern with high factor loadings for sugar and sweets, chips, high fat dairy products and French fries. Adjusted linear regression analysis revealed that those who adhered most closely to the unhealthy DP had wider central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE) (p=0.03) and narrower central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE) (p=0.01) compared to the least unhealthy DP. No independent relationship was observed between the healthy DP and RVC. CONCLUSION In this cohort of older women with a restricted lifestyle, an unhealthy DP was independently associated with an unfavorable retinal profile, namely a widening of retinal venules and narrowing of retinal arterioles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Neville
- Charlotte E. Neville, Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom,
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SILVA DCGD, PEREIRA KADC, SEGHETO W, FERREIRA FG, SEGHETO KJ, LONGO GZ. Association of eating patterns and abdominal adiposity in Brazilian. REV NUTR 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-98652017000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To examine the relationship between dietary patterns and abdominal adiposity among adults living in the urban area of Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional study of 959 adults of both sexes. Information on sociodemographic characteristics and dietary intake was collected through questionnaires. Abdominal adiposity was evaluated using waist circumference and the anthropometric indices waist-to-hip ratio and waist-to-height ratio. Food patterns were identified by factor analysis. Poisson regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results Abdominal adiposity was identified by waist circumference in 59.06% (95%CI=52.77–65.08) of the sample, by waist-to-hip ratio in 54.65% (95%CI=47.92–61.21), and by waist-to-height ratio in 9% (95%CI=54.61–69.03). Two dietary patterns, named as traditional Brazilian and bar, were identified in the sample, but only the latter was statistically associated with abdominal adiposity determined by the three parameters. Conclusion The study identified two eating patterns in the population, a healthy and an unhealthy pattern, the latter being associated with greater odds of abdominal adiposity. Thus, it is important to take measures to reverse this trend.
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Karatzi K, Aissopou EK, Tsirimiagou C, Fatmeli E, Sfikakis PP, Protogerou AD. Association of consumption of dairy products and meat with retinal vessel calibers in subjects at increased cardiovascular risk. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:752-757. [PMID: 27139515 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Association of dairy products and meat consumption with macrocirculation is previously described, but such association with microcirculation is poorly investigated. We aimed to test the hypothesis that the consumption of high- and low-fat dairy products as well as red, white, and processed meat is associated with retinal vessel calibers in adults at an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS AND RESULTS In consecutive subjects (n = 181, age: 51.3 ± 12.4 years, 51.4% women) without CVD and diabetes mellitus but with increased CVD risk, we obtained digital left and right retinal images. These images were assessed with validated software to determine central retinal arteriolar and venular equivalents and the arteriolar to venular ratio (CRAE, CRVE, and AVR, respectively). The consumption of dairy products and meat was assessed through 24-h recalls in all volunteers. After adjustment for potential confounders, the following findings were obtained: (i) low-fat milk and yogurt were positively associated with CRAE (b=0.145, p=0.031 left; b=0.141, p=0.038 right) and inversely associated with CRVE (b=-0.155, p=0.026 left; b=-0.146, p=0.041 right); (ii) low-fat cheese was positively associated with CRAE (b=0.164, p=0.011 left and b=0.155, p=0.017 right); and (iii) red meat was inversely associated with CRAE (b=-0.143, p=0.032 left; b=-0.114, p=0.050 right). High-fat milk, yogurt, and cheese or white and processed meat were not found to be associated with retinal vessel calibers. CONCLUSIONS High consumption of low-fat milk, yogurt, and cheese and low consumption of red meat could be beneficial for retinal microvascular health. Prospective studies are needed to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Karatzi
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece.
| | - E K Aissopou
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - C Tsirimiagou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - E Fatmeli
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - P P Sfikakis
- Cardiovascular Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - A D Protogerou
- Hellenic Foundation for Cardiovascular Health and Nutrition, Athens, Greece; Cardiovascular Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Keel S, Itsiopoulos C, Koklanis K, Vukicevic M, Cameron F, Gilbertson H, Brazionis L. Dietary patterns and retinal vascular calibre in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Acta Ophthalmol 2016; 94:e345-52. [PMID: 26749006 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association between dietary patterns and retinal vascular calibre in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. METHODS A hospital-based cross-sectional study of 83 children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes was conducted over an 8-month period. Dietary patterns were extracted using principal components analysis from completed food frequency questionnaires. Retinal vascular calibre was measured by a trained grader using a standardized protocol and later summarized as central retinal artery equivalent (CRAE) and central retinal vein equivalent (CRVE) using a semi-automated computer program. RESULTS Three major dietary patterns were identified as follows: (1) processed foods, (2) plant-based foods and (3) vegetable/fish avoidance pattern. The processed pattern had high component loadings for processed meats and high fat takeaway foods. The plant-based pattern had high component loadings for a number of fruits including, but not limited to, pineapple, grapes oranges and mangos as well as a smaller number of vegetables, including beans and leeks. The vegetable and fish avoidance pattern had high inverse component loadings for canned and fresh fish as well as a number of vegetables including, but not limited to, pumpkin, green beans, broccoli, sweet potato and cabbage. Adjusted regression analysis revealed the 'vegetable/fish avoidance' dietary pattern was associated with a wider CRVE (ExpB = 3.67, 95% CI = 0.11/7.24, p = 0.039). After multivariable adjustments, a vascular risk profile that included: older age, higher BMI, higher systolic blood pressure, greater gestational age, longer screen viewing time, lower maternal education level, lower physical activity levels and lower high-density lipoproteins concentrations were more likely to display narrower CRAE (ExpB = -2.43, 95% CI = -4.92/0.06, p = 0.041). CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence for a diet-calibre relationship in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. This outcome has potential public health implications, as promotion of healthy eating patterns in children and adolescents might attenuate changes in microvasculature that have been related to an increased risk of microvascular disease, such as retinopathy, in adulthood. Additional studies are warranted to explore and validate this novel finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Keel
- Department of Clinical Vision Sciences; Latrobe University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Dietetics and Human Nutrition; Latrobe University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Konstandina Koklanis
- Department of Clinical Vision Sciences; Latrobe University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Meri Vukicevic
- Department of Clinical Vision Sciences; Latrobe University; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Fergus Cameron
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes; Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Heather Gilbertson
- Department of Nutrition and Food Services; Royal Children's Hospital; Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Laima Brazionis
- Department of Medicine; University of Melbourne; St Vincent's Hospital; Melbourne Vic. Australia
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McEvoy CT, Wallace IR, Hamill LL, Neville CE, Hunter SJ, Patterson CC, Woodside JV, Chakravarthy U, Young IS, McKinley MC. Increasing fruit and vegetable intake has no effect on retinal vessel caliber in adults at high risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:318-325. [PMID: 27004617 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2015.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Retinal vessel abnormalities are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. To date, there are no trials investigating the effect of dietary factors on the retinal microvasculature. This study examined the dose response effect of fruit and vegetable (FV) intake on retinal vessel caliber in overweight adults at high CVD risk. METHODS AND RESULTS Following a 4 week washout period, participants were randomized to consume either 2 or 4 or 7 portions of FV daily for 12 weeks. Retinal vessel caliber was measured at baseline and post-intervention. A total of 62 participants completed the study. Self-reported FV intake indicated good compliance with the intervention, with serum concentrations of zeaxanthin and lutein increasing significantly across the groups in a dose-dependent manner (P for trend < 0.05). There were no significant changes in body composition, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure or fasting blood lipid profiles in response to the FV intervention. Increasing age was a significant determinant of wider retinal venules (P = 0.004) whereas baseline systolic blood pressure was a significant determinant of narrower retinal arterioles (P = 0.03). Overall, there was no evidence of any short-term dose-response effect of FV intake on retinal vessel caliber (CRAE (P = 0.92) or CRVE (P = 0.42)). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated no effect of increasing FV intake on retinal vessel caliber in overweight adults at high risk of developing primary CVD. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT00874341.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T McEvoy
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - I R Wallace
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - L L Hamill
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C E Neville
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - S J Hunter
- Regional Centre for Endocrinology & Diabetes, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - C C Patterson
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - J V Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - U Chakravarthy
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - I S Young
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - M C McKinley
- Centre for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Montserrat-de la Paz S, Naranjo MC, Bermudez B, Lopez S, Moreda W, Abia R, Muriana FJG. Postprandial dietary fatty acids exert divergent inflammatory responses in retinal-pigmented epithelium cells. Food Funct 2016; 7:1345-53. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00136j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Postprandial triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) lead to a complex series of events that are potentially oxidative and inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Carmen Naranjo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition
- Instituto de la Grasa
- CSIC
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
| | - Beatriz Bermudez
- Department of Pharmacology
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Seville
- 41012 Seville
- Spain
| | - Sergio Lopez
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition
- Instituto de la Grasa
- CSIC
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
| | - Wenceslao Moreda
- Laboratory of Olive Oil Quality
- Purity and Technology
- Instituto de la Grasa
- CSIC
- 41013 Seville
| | - Rocio Abia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition
- Instituto de la Grasa
- CSIC
- 41013 Seville
- Spain
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The relationship of major American dietary patterns to age-related macular degeneration. Am J Ophthalmol 2014; 158:118-127.e1. [PMID: 24792100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We hypothesized that major American dietary patterns are associated with risk for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS We classified 8103 eyes in 4088 eligible participants in the baseline Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS). They were classified into control (n = 2739), early AMD (n = 4599), and advanced AMD (n = 765) by the AREDS AMD Classification System. Food consumption data were collected by using a 90-item food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS Two major dietary patterns were identified by factor (principal component) analysis based on 37 food groups and named Oriental and Western patterns. The Oriental pattern was characterized by higher intake of vegetables, legumes, fruit, whole grains, tomatoes, and seafood. The Western pattern was characterized by higher intake of red meat, processed meat, high-fat dairy products, French fries, refined grains, and eggs. We ranked our participants according to how closely their diets line up with the 2 patterns by calculating the 2 factor scores for each participant. For early AMD, multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (OR) from generalized estimating equation logistic analysis comparing the highest to lowest quintile of the Oriental pattern score was ORE5O = 0.74 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59-0.91; Ptrend =0.01), and the OR comparing the highest to lowest quintile of the Western pattern score was ORE5W = 1.56 (1.18-2.06; Ptrend = 0.01). For advanced AMD, the ORA5O was 0.38 (0.27-0.54; Ptrend < 0.0001), and the ORA5W was 3.70 (2.31-5.92; Ptrend < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that overall diet is significantly associated with the odds of AMD and that dietary management as an AMD prevention strategy warrants further study.
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Dietary Patterns and Their Associations with Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Ophthalmology 2014; 121:1428-1434.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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