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Peng C, Wang Y, Guo Y, Li J, Liu F, Fu Y, Yu Y, Zhang C, Fu J, Han F. A literature review on signaling pathways of cervical cancer cell death-apoptosis induced by Traditional Chinese Medicine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118491. [PMID: 38936644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cervical cancer (CC) is a potentially lethal disorder that can have serious consequences for a woman's health. Because early symptoms are typically only present in the middle to late stages of the disease, clinical diagnosis and treatment can be challenging. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been shown to have unique benefits in terms of alleviating cancer clinical symptoms, lowering the risk of recurrence after surgery, and reducing toxic side effects and medication resistance after radiation therapy. It has also been shown to improve the quality of life for patients. Because of its improved anti-tumor effectiveness and biosafety, it could be considered an alternative therapy option. This study examines how TCM causes apoptosis in CC cells via signal transduction, including the active components and medicinal tonics. It also intends to provide a reliable clinical basis and protocol selection for the TCM therapy of CC. METHODS The following search terms were employed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, SinoMed, and other scientific databases to retrieve pertinent literature on "cervical cancer," "apoptosis," "signaling pathway," "traditional Chinese medicine," "herbal monomers," "herbal components," "herbal extracts," and "herbal formulas." RESULTS It has been demonstrated that herbal medicines can induce apoptosis in cells of the cervix, a type of cancer, by influencing the signaling pathways involved. CONCLUSION A comprehensive literature search was conducted, and 148 papers from the period between January 2017 and December 2023 were identified as eligible for inclusion. After a meticulous process of screening, elimination and summary, generalization, and analysis, it was found that TCM can regulate multiple intracellular signaling pathways and related molecular targets, such as STAT3, PI3K/AKT, Wnt/β-catenin, MAPK, NF-κB, p53, HIF-1α, Fas/FasL and so forth. This regulatory capacity was observed to induce apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. The study of the mechanism of TCM against cervical cancer and the screening of new drug targets is of great significance for future research in this field. The results of this study will provide ideas and references for the future development of Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fangyuan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yang Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chengxin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Jiangmei Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Fengjuan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Becker AL, Scholle L, Klause CH, Staege MS, Strauss C, Otto M, Rampp S, Scheller C, Leisz S. Correlation of Immunomodulatory Cytokines with Tumor Volume and Cerebrospinal Fluid in Vestibular Schwannoma Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:3002. [PMID: 39272860 PMCID: PMC11394145 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16173002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VSs) often exhibit slow or negligible growth. Nevertheless, some VSs increase significantly in volume within a few months or grow continuously. Recent evidence indicates a role of inflammation in promoting VS growth. Therefore, our study aimed to identify cytokines, which are associated with larger VSs. The expression of different cytokines in VS tumor samples and VS primary cultures was investigated. Additionally, the concentration of cytokines in cell culture supernatants of VS primary cultures and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of VS patients and healthy controls were determined. Correlation analysis of cytokine levels with tumor volume, growth rate, Koos grade, age, and hearing was examined with Spearman's-rank test. The mRNA expression of CC-chemokine ligand (CCL) 18, growth differentiation factor (GDF) 15, and interferon regulatory factor 4 correlated positively with tumor volume. Moreover, the amount of GDF15 in the cell culture supernatant of primary cells correlated positively with tumor volume. The concentrations of the cytokines CCL2, CCL5, and CCL18 and transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) 1 in the CSF of the patients were significantly different from those in the CSF controls. Inhibition of immune cell infiltration could be a putative approach to prevent and control VS growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Louisa Becker
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Leila Scholle
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Clara Helene Klause
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin Sebastian Staege
- Department of Surgical and Conservative Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Strauss
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Markus Otto
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Stefan Rampp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Scheller
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Sandra Leisz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Tang B, Zhu J, Shi Y, Wang Y, Zhang X, Chen B, Fang S, Yang Y, Zheng L, Qiu R, Weng Q, Xu M, Zhao Z, Tu J, Chen M, Ji J. Tumor cell-intrinsic MELK enhanced CCL2-dependent immunosuppression to exacerbate hepatocarcinogenesis and confer resistance of HCC to radiotherapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:137. [PMID: 38970074 PMCID: PMC11225310 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02049-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited by its complex molecular characteristics and changeable tumor microenvironment (TME). Here we focused on elucidating the functional consequences of Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) in the tumorigenesis, progression and metastasis of HCC, and exploring the effect of MELK on immune cell regulation in the TME, meanwhile clarifying the corresponding signaling networks. METHODS Bioinformatic analysis was used to validate the prognostic value of MELK for HCC. Murine xenograft assays and HCC lung metastasis mouse model confirmed the role of MELK in tumorigenesis and metastasis in HCC. Luciferase assays, RNA sequencing, immunopurification-mass spectrometry (IP-MS) and coimmunoprecipitation (CoIP) were applied to explore the upstream regulators, downstream essential molecules and corresponding mechanisms of MELK in HCC. RESULTS We confirmed MELK to be a reliable prognostic factor of HCC and identified MELK as an effective candidate in facilitating the tumorigenesis, progression, and metastasis of HCC; the effects of MELK depended on the targeted regulation of the upstream factor miR-505-3p and interaction with STAT3, which induced STAT3 phosphorylation and increased the expression of its target gene CCL2 in HCC. In addition, we confirmed that tumor cell-intrinsic MELK inhibition is beneficial in stimulating M1 macrophage polarization, hindering M2 macrophage polarization and inducing CD8 + T-cell recruitment, which are dependent on the alteration of CCL2 expression. Importantly, MELK inhibition amplified RT-related immune effects, thereby synergizing with RT to exert substantial antitumor effects. OTS167, an inhibitor of MELK, was also proven to effectively impair the growth and progression of HCC and exert a superior antitumor effect in combination with radiotherapy (RT). CONCLUSIONS Altogether, our findings highlight the functional role of MELK as a promising target in molecular therapy and in the combination of RT therapy to improve antitumor effect for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bufu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310016, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yueli Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Xiaojie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Biao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Liyun Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Rongfang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Min Xu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jianfei Tu
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China.
| | - Minjiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China.
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, School of Medicine, Lishui Hospital, Zhejiang University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Institute of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
- Clinical College of The Affiliated Central Hospital, Lishui University, Lishui, 323000, China.
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Lu J, Feng Y, Guo K, Sun L, Zhang K. Association between inflammatory factors and melanoma: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Cancer Causes Control 2024:10.1007/s10552-024-01890-4. [PMID: 38842646 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-024-01890-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study performed a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the causal relationships of C-reactive protein and 41 inflammatory regulators with melanoma, including data from UK Biobank, Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study, and Cohorts for Inflammation Work Group. METHODS We selected the inverse variance weighting (IVW) to merge the estimated causal effects of multiple SNPs into a weighted average. To evaluate the heterogeneities of IVW, the Cochran Q statistic, and I2 index were used. What's more, several sensitivity analyses were employed, including IVW, MR-Egger, weighted median, and Mendelian Randomization Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO). RESULTS With SNPs reaching P < 5 × 10-8, the analyses findings revealed that IL-16 had a significant positively association with genetically risk of melanoma (ORIVW: 1.05; 95% CI: 1.03-1.07; P < 0.001), and high levels of MCP1 (ORIVW: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.03-1.23; P = 0.01) were suggestively associated with melanoma susceptibility. What's more, TNF-β (ORIVW: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.01-1.13; P = 0.02) and IL-8 (ORIVW: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.16; P = 0.03) were demonstrated a positive association with the risk of melanoma under a less stringent cut-off (P < 5 × 10-6). Conversely, we found a facilitative effect of melanoma susceptibility on IP-10 and inhibitory effects on IL-6, IL-1b, and GRO-α. CONCLUSION The genetic evidence that we have uncovered indicates a potential association between the levels of specific inflammatory markers (IL-16, IL-8, MCP-1, and TNF-β) and the risk of melanoma. Further research is imperative to translate these findings into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuqian Feng
- Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kaibo Guo
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Oncology, The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Leitao Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Kai Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
- Anji Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Huzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Pozzi S, Satchi-Fainaro R. The role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in cancer and inflammation: The next frontier in nanomedicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 209:115318. [PMID: 38643840 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The communication between cells and their microenvironment represents an intrinsic and essential attribute that takes place in several biological processes, including tissue homeostasis and tissue repair. Among these interactions, inflammation is certainly a central biological response that occurs through cytokines and the crosstalk with their respective receptors. In particular, the interaction between CCL2 and its main receptor, CCR2, plays a pivotal role in both harmful and protective inflammatory states, including cancer-mediated inflammation. The activation of the CCL2/CCR2 axis was shown to dictate the migration of macrophages with immune-suppressive phenotype and to aggravate the progression of different cancer types. In addition, this interaction mediates metastasis formation, further limiting the potential therapeutic outcome of anti-cancer drugs. Attempts to inhibit pharmacologically the CCL2/CCR2 axis have yet to show its anti-cancer efficacy as a single agent, but it sheds light on its role as a powerful tool to selectively alleviate pro-tumorigenic and anti-repair inflammation. In this review, we will elucidate the role of CCL2/CCR2 axis in promoting cancer inflammation by activating the host pro-tumorigenic phenotype. Moreover, we will provide some insight into the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the CCL2/CCR2 axis for cancer and inflammation using novel delivery systems, aiming to sensitize non-responders to currently approved immunotherapies and offer new combinatory approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Pozzi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; Sagol School of Neurosciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
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Honda S, Matsuda T, Fujimuro M, Sekine Y. Tyrosinase regulates the motility of human melanoma cell line A375 through its hydroxylase enzymatic activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 707:149785. [PMID: 38503150 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Melanoma, originating from melanocytes, is a highly aggressive tumor. Tyrosinase is involved in melanin production in melanocytes, and its overexpression is noted in malignant melanomas. However, the role of tyrosinase in melanomas remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the potential functions of tyrosinase in the human melanoma cell line A375. The expression level of tyrosinase in A375 cells was undetectable. However, markedly increased expression level was observed in the mouse melanoma cell line B16F10 and the human melanoma cell line WM266-4. Subsequently, we investigated the effect of ectopic tyrosinase expression on A375 cell motility using wound-healing assay. The overexpression of tyrosinase resulted in enhanced cell migration in both stable and transient tyrosinase expression cells. The levels of filamentous actin were decreased in tyrosinase-expressing A375 cells, suggesting that tyrosinase regulates cell motility by modulating actin polymerization. Histidine residues in tyrosinase are important for its enzymatic activity for synthesizing melanin. Substitution of these histidine residues to alanine residues mitigated the promotion of tyrosinase-induced A375 cell metastasis. Furthermore, melanin treatment enhanced A375 cell metastasis and phosphorylation of Cofilin. Thus, our findings suggest that tyrosinase increases the migration of A375 cells by regulating actin polymerization through its enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachie Honda
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Tadashi Matsuda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fujimuro
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sekine
- Department of Cell Biology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8412, Japan.
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Liu T, Liu J. Integration analysis of single-cell transcriptome reveals specific monocyte subsets associated with melanoma brain and leptomeningeal metastasis. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13710. [PMID: 38616506 PMCID: PMC11016815 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melanoma central nervous system (CNS) metastasis remains a leading cause of patient mortality, and the underlying pathological mechanism has not been fully elucidated, leading to a lack of effective therapeutic strategies. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we conducted an integrated analysis of single-cell transcriptomic data related to melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) and leptomeningeal metastasis (LMM). We focused on differences of subset composition and molecular expression of monocytes in blood, primary tumor, brain metastases, and leptomeningeal metastases. RESULTS Significant differences were observed among monocytes in blood, primary tumor, and different CNS metastatic tissues, particularly in terms of subset differentiation and gene expression patterns. Subsequent analysis revealed the upregulation of cell proportions of six monocyte subsets in brain metastasis and leptomeningeal metastasis. Based on differential gene analysis, four of these subsets exhibited increased expression of factors promoting tumor migration and survival, including AREG+ monocytes (AREG, EREG, THBS1), FABP5+ monocytes (SPP1, CCL2, CTSL), and CXCL3+ monocytes (CXCL3, IL8, IL1B). The proportions of TPSB2+ monocytes (IL32, CCL5) were notably elevated in melanoma leptomeningeal metastasis tissues. Pathway analysis indicated the activation of signaling pathways such as NOD-like receptors, NFκB, and Toll-like receptors in these metastasis-related subsets. CONCLUSION Our findings elucidate that AREG+, FABP5+ and CXCL3+ monocytes are associated with brain metastasis and TPSB2+ monocytes are associated with leptomeningeal metastasis in melanoma, which may be contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies focusing on monocytes or cytokines for melanoma CNS metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liu
- Department of General Surgerythe First People's Hospital of Shuangliu DistrictChengduChina
| | - Jian‐Ping Liu
- Department of General Surgerythe First People's Hospital of Shuangliu DistrictChengduChina
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Shirley CA, Chhabra G, Amiri D, Chang H, Ahmad N. Immune escape and metastasis mechanisms in melanoma: breaking down the dichotomy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336023. [PMID: 38426087 PMCID: PMC10902921 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most lethal neoplasms of the skin. Despite the revolutionary introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, metastatic spread, and recurrence remain critical problems in resistant cases. Melanoma employs a multitude of mechanisms to subvert the immune system and successfully metastasize to distant organs. Concerningly, recent research also shows that tumor cells can disseminate early during melanoma progression and enter dormant states, eventually leading to metastases at a future time. Immune escape and metastasis have previously been viewed as separate phenomena; however, accumulating evidence is breaking down this dichotomy. Recent research into the progressive mechanisms of melanoma provides evidence that dedifferentiation similar to classical epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), genes involved in neural crest stem cell maintenance, and hypoxia/acidosis, are important factors simultaneously involved in immune escape and metastasis. The likeness between EMT and early dissemination, and differences, also become apparent in these contexts. Detailed knowledge of the mechanisms behind "dual drivers" simultaneously promoting metastatically inclined and immunosuppressive environments can yield novel strategies effective in disabling multiple facets of melanoma progression. Furthermore, understanding progression through these drivers may provide insight towards novel treatments capable of preventing recurrence arising from dormant dissemination or improving immunotherapy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl A Shirley
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Gagan Chhabra
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Deeba Amiri
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Hao Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Nihal Ahmad
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
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Feng Y, Hu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y. The Role of Microglia in Brain Metastases: Mechanisms and Strategies. Aging Dis 2024; 15:169-185. [PMID: 37307835 PMCID: PMC10796095 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases and related complications are one of the major fatal factors in cancer. Patients with breast cancer, lung cancer, and melanoma are at a high risk of developing brain metastases. However, the mechanisms underlying the brain metastatic cascade remain poorly understood. Microglia, one of the major resident macrophages in the brain parenchyma, are involved in multiple processes associated with brain metastasis, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and immune modulation. They also closely interact with metastatic cancer cells, astrocytes, and other immune cells. Current therapeutic approaches against metastatic brain cancers, including small-molecule drugs, antibody-coupled drugs (ADCs), and immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), have compromised efficacy owing to the impermeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and complex brain microenvironment. Targeting microglia is one of the strategies for treating metastatic brain cancer. In this review, we summarize the multifaceted roles of microglia in brain metastases and highlight them as potential targets for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xueqing Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yingru Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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10
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Zhao Z, Chen Y, Sun T, Jiang C. Nanomaterials for brain metastasis. J Control Release 2024; 365:833-847. [PMID: 38065414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tumor metastasis is a significant contributor to the mortality of cancer patients. Specifically, current conventional treatments are unable to achieve complete remission of brain metastasis. This is due to the unique pathological environment of brain metastasis, which differs significantly from peripheral metastasis. Brain metastasis is characterized by high tumor mutation rates and a complex microenvironment with immunosuppression. Additionally, the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB)/blood tumor barrier (BTB) restricts drug leakage into the brain. Therefore, it is crucial to take account of the specific characteristics of brain metastasis when developing new therapeutic strategies. Nanomaterials offer promising opportunities for targeted therapies in treating brain metastasis. They can be tailored and customized based on specific pathological features and incorporate various treatment approaches, which makes them advantageous in advancing therapeutic strategies for brain metastasis. This review provides an overview of current clinical treatment options for patients with brain metastasis. It also explores the roles and changes that different cells within the complex microenvironment play during tumor spread. Furthermore, it highlights the use of nanomaterials in current brain treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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11
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Zhou D, Gong Z, Wu D, Ma C, Hou L, Niu X, Xu T. Harnessing immunotherapy for brain metastases: insights into tumor-brain microenvironment interactions and emerging treatment modalities. J Hematol Oncol 2023; 16:121. [PMID: 38104104 PMCID: PMC10725587 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-023-01518-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain metastases signify a deleterious milestone in the progression of several advanced cancers, predominantly originating from lung, breast and melanoma malignancies, with a median survival timeframe nearing six months. Existing therapeutic regimens yield suboptimal outcomes; however, burgeoning insights into the tumor microenvironment, particularly the immunosuppressive milieu engendered by tumor-brain interplay, posit immunotherapy as a promising avenue for ameliorating brain metastases. In this review, we meticulously delineate the research advancements concerning the microenvironment of brain metastases, striving to elucidate the panorama of their onset and evolution. We encapsulate three emergent immunotherapeutic strategies, namely immune checkpoint inhibition, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell transplantation and glial cell-targeted immunoenhancement. We underscore the imperative of aligning immunotherapy development with in-depth understanding of the tumor microenvironment and engendering innovative delivery platforms. Moreover, the integration with established or avant-garde physical methodologies and localized applications warrants consideration in the prevailing therapeutic schema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dairan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Dejun Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Hou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Niu
- Department of Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 241 Huaihai West Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200030, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China.
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12
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He S, Yao L, Li J. Role of MCP-1/CCR2 axis in renal fibrosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic targeting. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35613. [PMID: 37861543 PMCID: PMC10589562 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a common pathological manifestation in various chronic kidney diseases. Inflammation plays a central role in renal fibrosis development. Owing to their significant participation in inflammation and autoimmunity, chemokines have always been the hot spot and focus of scientific research and clinical intervention. Among the chemokines, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), also known as C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, together with its main receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) are important chemokines in renal fibrosis. The MCP-1/CCR2 axis is activated when MCP-1 binds to CCR2. Activation of MCP-1/CCR2 axis can induce chemotaxis and activation of inflammatory cells, and initiate a series of signaling cascades in renal fibrosis. It mediates and promotes renal fibrosis by recruiting monocyte, promoting the activation and transdifferentiation of macrophages. This review summarizes the complex physical processes of MCP-1/CCR2 axis in renal fibrosis and addresses its general mechanism in renal fibrosis by using specific examples, together with the progress of targeting MCP-1/CCR2 in renal fibrosis with a view to providing a new direction for renal fibrosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang He
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lan Yao
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Blood Purification Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
- Basic and Applied Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai, China
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13
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Rigg E, Wang J, Xue Z, Lunavat TR, Liu G, Hoang T, Parajuli H, Han M, Bjerkvig R, Nazarov PV, Nicot N, Kreis S, Margue C, Nomigni MT, Utikal J, Miletic H, Sundstrøm T, Ystaas LAR, Li X, Thorsen F. Inhibition of extracellular vesicle-derived miR-146a-5p decreases progression of melanoma brain metastasis via Notch pathway dysregulation in astrocytes. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12363. [PMID: 37759347 PMCID: PMC10533779 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma has the highest propensity of all cancers to metastasize to the brain with a large percentage of late-stage patients developing metastases in the central nervous system (CNS). It is well known that metastasis establishment, cell survival, and progression are affected by tumour-host cell interactions where changes in the host cellular compartments likely play an important role. In this context, miRNAs transferred by tumour derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have previously been shown to create a favourable tumour microenvironment. Here, we show that miR-146a-5p is highly expressed in human melanoma brain metastasis (MBM) EVs, both in MBM cell lines as well as in biopsies, thereby modulating the brain metastatic niche. Mechanistically, miR-146a-5p was transferred to astrocytes via EV delivery and inhibited NUMB in the Notch signalling pathway. This resulted in activation of tumour-promoting cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and CXCL1). Brain metastases were significantly reduced following miR-146a-5p knockdown. Corroborating these findings, miR-146a-5p inhibition led to a reduction of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and CXCL1 in astrocytes. Following molecular docking analysis, deserpidine was identified as a functional miR-146a-5p inhibitor, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results highlight the pro-metastatic function of miR-146a-5p in EVs and identifies deserpidine for targeted adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rigg
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function RemodelingJinanChina
| | - Zhiwei Xue
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function RemodelingJinanChina
| | - Taral R. Lunavat
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of Neurology, Molecular Neurogenetics Unit‐West, Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolCharlestownMassachusettsUSA
| | - Guowei Liu
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function RemodelingJinanChina
| | - Tuyen Hoang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Himalaya Parajuli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Mingzhi Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function RemodelingJinanChina
| | - Rolf Bjerkvig
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Petr V. Nazarov
- Bioinformatics Platform and Multiomics Data Science Research Group, Department of Cancer ResearchLuxembourg Institute of HealthLuxembourg
| | - Nathalie Nicot
- LuxGen Genome Center, Luxembourg Institute of HealthLaboratoire National de SantéDudelangeLuxembourg
| | - Stephanie Kreis
- Department of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgLuxembourg
| | - Christiane Margue
- Department of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of LuxembourgLuxembourg
| | | | - Jochen Utikal
- Skin Cancer UnitGerman Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)HeidelbergGermany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and AllergologyUniversity Medical Center Mannheim, Ruprecht‐Karl University of HeidelbergMannheimGermany
- DKFZ Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center MannheimMannheimGermany
| | - Hrvoje Miletic
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of PathologyHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
| | - Terje Sundstrøm
- Department of NeurosurgeryHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Lars A. R. Ystaas
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xingang Li
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function RemodelingJinanChina
| | - Frits Thorsen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of NeurosurgeryHaukeland University HospitalBergenNorway
- Molecular Imaging Center, Department of BiomedicineUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
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