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Liu H, Qi B, Liu G, Duan H, Li Z, Shi Z, Chen Y, Chu WK, Zhou Q, Zhang BN. RAD21 deficiency drives corneal to scleral differentiation fate switching via upregulating WNT9B. iScience 2024; 27:109875. [PMID: 38774716 PMCID: PMC11107359 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The cornea and sclera are distinct adjacent tissues, yet their stromal cells originate from common neural crest cells (NCCs). Sclerocornea is a disease characterized by an indistinguishable boundary between the cornea and sclera. Previously, we identified a RAD21 mutation in a sclerocornea pedigree. Here, we investigated the impacts of RAD21 on NCC activities during eye development. RAD21 deficiency caused upregulation of PCDHGC3. Both RAD21 knockdown and PCDHGC3 upregulation disrupted the migration of NCCs. Transcriptome analysis indicated that WNT9B had 190.9-fold higher expression in scleral stroma than in corneal stroma. WNT9B was also significantly upregulated by both RAD21 knockdown and PCDHGC3 overexpression, and knock down of WNT9B rescued the differentiation and migration of NCCs with RAD21 deficiency. Consistently, overexpressing wnt9b in Xenopus tropicalis led to ocular developmental abnormalities. In summary, WNT9B is a determinant factor during NCC differentiation into corneal keratocytes or scleral stromal cells and is affected by RAD21 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Benxiang Qi
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, China
| | - Guanghui Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaoying Shi
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonglong Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wai Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, China
| | - Bi Ning Zhang
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, China
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2
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Zou D, Wang T, Li W, Wang X, Ma B, Hu X, Zhou Q, Li Z, Shi W, Duan H. Nicotinamide promotes the differentiation of functional corneal endothelial cells from human embryonic stem cells. Exp Eye Res 2024; 242:109883. [PMID: 38561106 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Corneal transplantation represents the primary therapeutic approach for managing corneal endothelial dysfunction, but corneal donors remain scarce. Anterior chamber cell injection emerges as a highly promising alternative strategy for corneal transplantation, with pluripotent stem cells (PSC) demonstrating considerable potential as an optimal cell source. Nevertheless, only a few studies have explored the differentiation of functional corneal endothelial-like cells originating from PSC. In this investigation, a chemical-defined protocol was successfully developed for the differentiation of functional corneal endothelial-like cells derived from human embryonic stem cells (hESC). The application of nicotinamide (NAM) exhibited a remarkable capability in suppressing the fibrotic phenotype, leading to the generation of more homogeneous and well-distinctive differentiated cells. Furthermore, NAM effectively suppressed the expression of genes implicated in endothelial cell migration and extracellular matrix synthesis. Notably, NAM also facilitated the upregulation of surface marker genes specific to functional corneal endothelial cells (CEC), including CD26 (-) CD44 (-∼+-) CD105 (-) CD133 (-) CD166 (+) CD200 (-). Moreover, in vitro functional assays were performed, revealing intact barrier properties and Na+/K+-ATP pump functionality in the differentiated cells treated with NAM. Consequently, our findings provide robust evidence supporting the capacity of NAM to enhance the differentiation of functional CEC originating from hESC, offering potential seed cells for therapeutic interventions of corneal endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulei Zou
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Qingdao Sino-Cell Biomed Co., Ltd., Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Bochao Ma
- Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Xiangyue Hu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China; School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences), Jinan, 250000, China.
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3
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Grönroos P, Mörö A, Puistola P, Hopia K, Huuskonen M, Viheriälä T, Ilmarinen T, Skottman H. Bioprinting of human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells with hydrazone crosslinked hyaluronic acid bioink. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:81. [PMID: 38486306 PMCID: PMC10941625 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03672-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human corneal endothelial cells lack regenerative capacity through cell division in vivo. Consequently, in the case of trauma or dystrophy, the only available treatment modality is corneal tissue or primary corneal endothelial cell transplantation from cadaveric donor which faces a high global shortage. Our ultimate goal is to use the state-of-the-art 3D-bioprint technology for automated production of human partial and full-thickness corneal tissues using human stem cells and functional bioinks. In this study, we explore the feasibility of bioprinting the corneal endothelium using human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells and hydrazone crosslinked hyaluronic acid bioink. METHODS Corneal endothelial cells differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells were bioprinted using optimized hydrazone crosslinked hyaluronic acid based bioink. Before the bioprinting process, the biocompatibility of the bioink with cells was first analyzed with transplantation on ex vivo denuded rat and porcine corneas as well as on denuded human Descemet membrane. Subsequently, the bioprinting was proceeded and the viability of human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells were verified with live/dead stainings. Histological and immunofluorescence stainings involving ZO1, Na+/K+-ATPase and CD166 were used to confirm corneal endothelial cell phenotype in all experiments. Additionally, STEM121 marker was used to identify human cells from the ex vivo rat and porcine corneas. RESULTS The bioink, modified for human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells successfully supported both the viability and printability of the cells. Following up to 10 days of ex vivo transplantations, STEM121 positive cells were confirmed on the Descemet membrane of rat and porcine cornea demonstrating the biocompatibility of the bioink. Furthermore, biocompatibility was validated on denuded human Descemet membrane showing corneal endothelial -like characteristics. Seven days post bioprinting, the corneal endothelial -like cells were viable and showed polygonal morphology with expression and native-like localization of ZO-1, Na+/K+-ATPase and CD166. However, mesenchymal-like cells were observed in certain areas of the cultures, spreading beneath the corneal endothelial-like cell layer. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the successful printing of human pluripotent stem cell derived corneal endothelial cells using covalently crosslinked hyaluronic acid bioink. This approach not only holds promise for a corneal endothelium transplants but also presents potential applications in the broader mission of bioprinting the full-thickness human cornea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pyry Grönroos
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Anni Mörö
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Paula Puistola
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Karoliina Hopia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maija Huuskonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
- Tays Eye Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Taina Viheriälä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tanja Ilmarinen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Skottman
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Arvo Ylpön Katu 34, 33520, Tampere, Finland.
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Prada AM, Quintero F, Mendoza K, Galvis V, Tello A, Romero LA, Marrugo AG. Assessing Fuchs Corneal Endothelial Dystrophy Using Artificial Intelligence-Derived Morphometric Parameters From Specular Microscopy Images. Cornea 2024:00003226-990000000-00479. [PMID: 38334475 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of artificial intelligence-derived morphometric parameters in characterizing Fuchs corneal endothelial dystrophy (FECD) from specular microscopy images. METHODS This cross-sectional study recruited patients diagnosed with FECD, who underwent ophthalmologic evaluations, including slit-lamp examinations and corneal endothelial assessments using specular microscopy. The modified Krachmer grading scale was used for clinical FECD classification. The images were processed using a convolutional neural network for segmentation and morphometric parameter estimation, including effective endothelial cell density, guttae area ratio, coefficient of variation of size, and hexagonality. A mixed-effects model was used to assess relationships between the FECD clinical classification and measured parameters. RESULTS Of 52 patients (104 eyes) recruited, 76 eyes were analyzed because of the exclusion of 26 eyes for poor quality retroillumination photographs. The study revealed significant discrepancies between artificial intelligence-based and built-in microscope software cell density measurements (1322 ± 489 cells/mm 2 vs. 2216 ± 509 cells/mm 2 , P < 0.001). In the central region, guttae area ratio showed the strongest correlation with modified Krachmer grades (0.60, P < 0.001). In peripheral areas, only guttae area ratio in the inferior region exhibited a marginally significant positive correlation (0.29, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the utility of CNNs for precise FECD evaluation through specular microscopy. Guttae area ratio emerges as a compelling morphometric parameter aligning closely with modified Krachmer clinical grading. These findings set the stage for future large-scale studies, with potential applications in the assessment of irreversible corneal edema risk after phacoemulsification in FECD patients, as well as in monitoring novel FECD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelica M Prada
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Fernando Quintero
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Kevin Mendoza
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Virgilio Galvis
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB, Bucaramanga, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Tello
- Centro Oftalmológico Virgilio Galvis, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Fundación Oftalmológica de Santander FOSCAL, Floridablanca, Colombia
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga UNAB, Bucaramanga, Colombia
- Facultad de Salud, Universidad Industrial de Santander UIS, Bucaramanga, Colombia ; and
| | - Lenny A Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Andres G Marrugo
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia
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5
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Yu J, Yu N, Tian Y, Fang Y, An B, Feng G, Wu J, Wang L, Hao J, Wang L, Zhou Q, Li W, Wang Y, Hu B. Safety and efficacy of human ESC-derived corneal endothelial cells for corneal endothelial dysfunction. Cell Biosci 2023; 13:201. [PMID: 37932828 PMCID: PMC10629087 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-023-01145-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research on human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has shown tremendous progress in cell-based regenerative medicine. Corneal endothelial dysfunction is associated with the loss and degeneration of corneal endothelial cells (CECs), rendering cell replacement a promising therapeutic strategy. However, comprehensive preclinical assessments of hPSC-derived CECs for this cell therapy remain a challenge. RESULTS Here we defined an adapted differentiation protocol to generate induced corneal endothelial cells (iCECs) consistently and efficiently from clinical-grade human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with xeno-free medium and manufactured cryopreserved iCECs. Cells express high levels of typical CECs markers and exhibit transendothelial potential properties in vitro typical of iCECs. After rigorous quality control measures, cells meeting all release criteria were available for in vivo studies. We found that there was no overgrowth or tumorigenicity of grafts in immunodeficient mice. After grafting into rabbit models, the surviving iCECs ameliorated edema and recovered corneal opacity. CONCLUSIONS Our work provides an efficient approach for generating iCECs and demonstrates the safety and efficacy of iCECs in disease modeling. Therefore, clinical-grade iCECs are a reliable source for future clinical treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Yu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100864, Beijing, China
| | - Nianye Yu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100864, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100864, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bin An
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Guihai Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100864, Beijing, China.
| | - Yukai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- National Stem Cell Resource Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.
| | - Baoyang Hu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100864, Beijing, China.
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6
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Chi M, Yuan B, Xie Z, Hong J. The Innovative Biomaterials and Technologies for Developing Corneal Endothelium Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: A Review and Prospect. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1284. [PMID: 38002407 PMCID: PMC10669703 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10111284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Corneal transplantation is the only treatment for corneal endothelial blindness. However, there is an urgent need to find substitutes for corneal endothelium grafts due to the global shortage of donor corneas. An emerging research field focuses on the construction of scaffold-based corneal endothelium tissue engineering (CETE). Long-term success in CETE transplantation may be achieved by selecting the appropriate biomaterials as scaffolds of corneal endothelial cells and adding bioactive materials to promote cell activity. This article reviews the research progress of CETE biomaterials in the past 20 years, describes the key characteristics required for corneal endothelial scaffolds, and summarizes the types of materials that have been reported. Based on these, we list feasible improvement strategies for biomaterials innovation. In addition, we describe the improved techniques for the scaffolds' surface topography and drug delivery system. Some promising technologies for constructing CETE are proposed. However, some questions have not been answered yet, and clinical trials and industrialization should be carried out with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (M.C.); (B.Y.); (Z.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bowei Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (M.C.); (B.Y.); (Z.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zijun Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (M.C.); (B.Y.); (Z.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China; (M.C.); (B.Y.); (Z.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Vision Loss and Restoration, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
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7
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Zhu M, Hu W, Lin L, Yang Q, Zhang L, Xu J, Xu Y, Liu J, Zhang M, Tong X, Zhu K, Feng K, Feng Y, Su J, Huang X, Li J. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals new subtypes of lens superficial tissue in humans. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13477. [PMID: 37057399 PMCID: PMC10623935 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the cell atlas of the human ocular anterior segment of the human eye was revealed by single-nucleus RNA sequencing, whether subtypes of lens stem/progenitor cells exist among epithelial cells and the molecular characteristics of cell differentiation of the human lens remain unclear. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a powerful tool to analyse the heterogeneity of tissues at the single cell level, leading to a better understanding of the processes of cell differentiation. By profiling 18,596 cells in human lens superficial tissue through single-cell sequencing, we identified two subtypes of lens epithelial cells that specifically expressed C8orf4 and ADAMTSL4 with distinct spatial localization, a new type of fibre cells located directly adjacent to the epithelium, and a subpopulation of ADAMTSL4+ cells that might be lens epithelial stem/progenitor cells. We also found two trajectories of lens epithelial cell differentiation and changes of some important genes during differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng‐Chao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Qing‐Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Lu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jia‐Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi‐Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Jia‐Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Meng‐Di Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Xiao‐Yu Tong
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric DiseaseThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Kai‐Yi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Ke Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yi Feng
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Fudan Institutes of Integrative MedicineFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jian‐Zhong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Xiu‐Feng Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric DiseaseThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Jin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Eye HospitalWenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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8
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Liu S, Zhang W. NAD + metabolism and eye diseases: current status and future directions. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:8653-8663. [PMID: 37540459 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are no truly effective treatments for a variety of eye diseases, such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and inherited retinal degenerations (IRDs). These conditions have a significant impact on patients' quality of life and can be a burden on society. However, these diseases share a common pathological process of NAD+ metabolism disorders. They are either associated with genetically induced primary NAD+ synthase deficiency, decreased NAD+ levels due to aging, or enhanced NAD+ consuming enzyme activity during disease pathology. In this discussion, we explore the role of NAD+ metabolic disorders in the development of associated ocular diseases and the potential advantages and disadvantages of various methods to increase NAD+ levels. It is essential to carefully evaluate the possible adverse effects of these methods and conduct a more comprehensive and objective assessment of their function before considering their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, 730030, Lanzhou, VA, China
| | - Wenfang Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, 730030, Lanzhou, VA, China.
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9
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Dong C, Zou D, Duan H, Hu X, Zhou Q, Shi W, Li Z. Ex vivo cultivated retinal pigment epithelial cell transplantation for the treatment of rabbit corneal endothelial dysfunction. EYE AND VISION (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 10:34. [PMID: 37528478 PMCID: PMC10394777 DOI: 10.1186/s40662-023-00351-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stem cell therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction, and the need to find functional alternative seed cells of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) is urgent. Here, we determined the feasibility of using the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as an equivalent substitute for the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction. METHODS RPE cells and CECs in situ were obtained from healthy New Zealand male rabbits, and the similarities and differences between them were analyzed by electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Rabbit primary RPE cells and CECs were isolated and cultivated ex vivo, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity and cellular permeability were detected at passage 2. The injection of cultivated rabbit primary RPE cells, CECs and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived RPE cells was performed on rabbits with corneal endothelial dysfunction. Then, the therapeutic effects were evaluated by corneal transparency, central corneal thickness, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), qRT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining. RESULTS The rabbit RPE cells were similar in form to CECs in situ and ex vivo, showing a larger regular hexagonal shape and a lower cell density, with numerous tightly formed cell junctions and hemidesmosomes. Moreover, RPE cells presented a stronger barrier and ionic pumping capacity than CECs. When intracamerally injected into the rabbits, the transplanted primary RPE cells could dissolve corneal edema and decrease corneal thickness, with effects similar to those of CECs. In addition, the transplantation of hESC-derived RPE cells exhibited a similar therapeutic effect and restored corneal transparency and thickness within seven days. qRT-PCR results showed that the expressions of CEC markers, like CD200 and S100A4, increased, and the RPE markers OTX2, BEST1 and MITF significantly decreased in the transplanted RPE cells. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that rabbits transplanted with hESC-derived RPE cells maintained normal corneal thickness and exhibited slight pigmentation in the central cornea one month after surgery. Immunostaining results showed that the HuNu-positive transplanted cells survived and expressed ZO1, ATP1A1 and MITF. CONCLUSION RPE cells and CECs showed high structural and functional similarities in barrier and pump characteristics. Intracameral injection of primary RPE cells and hESC-derived RPE cells can effectively restore rabbit corneal clarity and thickness and maintain normal corneal function. This study is the first to report the effectiveness of RPE cells for corneal endothelial dysfunction, suggesting the feasibility of hESC-derived RPE cells as an equivalent substitute for CECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Dong
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Dulei Zou
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Xiangyue Hu
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Eye Hospital), Jinan, 250000, China
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
- School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250000, China.
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10
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Wong EN, Foo VHX, Peh GSL, Htoon HM, Ang HP, Tan BYL, Ong HS, Mehta JS. Early Visibility of Cellular Aggregates and Changes in Central Corneal Thickness as Predictors of Successful Corneal Endothelial Cell Injection Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:cells12081167. [PMID: 37190076 DOI: 10.3390/cells12081167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cell injection therapy is an emerging treatment for bullous keratopathy (BK). Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging allows the high-resolution assessment of the anterior chamber. Our study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the visibility of cellular aggregates for corneal deturgescence in an animal model of bullous keratopathy. (2) Methods: Cell injections of corneal endothelial cells were performed in 45 eyes in a rabbit model of BK. AS-OCT imaging and central corneal thickness (CCT) measurement were performed at baseline and on day 1, day 4, day 7 and day 14 following cell injection. A logistic regression was modelled to predict successful corneal deturgescence and its failure with cell aggregate visibility and CCT. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and areas under the curve (AUC) calculated for each time point in these models. (3) Results: Cellular aggregates were identified on days 1, 4, 7 and 14 in 86.7%, 39.5%, 20.0% and 4.4% of eyes, respectively. The positive predictive value of cellular aggregate visibility for successful corneal deturgescence was 71.8%, 64.7%, 66.7% and 100.0% at each time point, respectively. Using logistic regression modelling, the visibility of cellular aggregates on day 1 appeared to increase the likelihood of successful corneal deturgescence, but this did not reach statistical significance. An increase in pachymetry, however, resulted in a small but statistically significant decreased likelihood of success, with an odds ratio of 0.996 for days 1 (95% CI 0.993-1.000), 2 (95% CI 0.993-0.999) and 14 (95% CI 0.994-0.998) and an odds ratio of 0.994 (95% CI 0.991-0.998) for day 7. The ROC curves were plotted, and the AUC values were 0.72 (95% CI 0.55-0.89), 0.80 (95% CI 0. 62-0.98), 0.86 (95% CI 0.71-1.00) and 0.90 (95% CI 0.80-0.99) for days 1, 4, 7 and 14, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Logistic regression modelling of cell aggregate visibility and CCT was predictive of successful corneal endothelial cell injection therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan N Wong
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science (Incorporating Lions Eye Institute), The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Valencia H X Foo
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Gary S L Peh
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Hla M Htoon
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Heng-Pei Ang
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Belinda Y L Tan
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
| | - Hon-Shing Ong
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore 169856, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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11
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Zhou Q, Li Z, Duan H. iPSC-Derived Corneal Endothelial Cells. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2023; 281:257-276. [PMID: 36882600 DOI: 10.1007/164_2023_644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The corneal endothelium is the innermost monolayer of the cornea that maintains corneal transparency and thickness. However, adult human corneal endothelial cells (CECs) possess limited proliferative capacity, and injuries can only be repaired by migration and enlargement of resident cells. When corneal endothelial cell density is lower than the critical level (400-500 cells/mm2) due to disease or trauma, corneal endothelial dysfunction will occur and lead to corneal edema. Corneal transplantation remains the most effective clinical treatment therapy but is limited by the global shortage of healthy corneal donors. Recently, researchers have developed several alternative strategies for the treatment of corneal endothelial disease, including the transplantation of cultured human CECs and artificial corneal endothelial replacement. Early-stage results show that these strategies can effectively resolve corneal edema and restore corneal clarity and thickness, but the long-term efficacy and safety remain to be further validated. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent an ideal cell source for the treatment and drug discovery of corneal endothelial diseases, which can avoid the ethical-related and immune-related problems of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). At present, many approaches have been developed to induce the differentiation of corneal endothelial-like cells from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). Their safety and efficacy for the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction have been confirmed in rabbit and nonhuman primate animal models. Therefore, the iPSC-derived corneal endothelial cell model may provide a novel effective platform for basic and clinical research of disease modeling, drug screening, mechanistic investigation, and toxicology testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haoyun Duan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, China
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12
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Serrano A, Osei KA, Huertas-Bello M, Sabater AL. The Potential of Stem Cells as Treatment for Ocular Surface Diseases. CURRENT OPHTHALMOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40135-022-00303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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13
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Zhao L, Shi Z, Sun X, Yu Y, Wang X, Wang H, Li T, Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang F, Qi X, Cao R, Xie L, Zhou Q, Shi W. Natural Dual-Crosslinking Bioadhesive Hydrogel for Corneal Regeneration in Large-Size Defects. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201576. [PMID: 36040708 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Corneal injectable hydrogels represent a promising alternative to alleviate donor shortage and simplify traditional surgeries. However, most hydrogels focus on repairing focal corneal defects (≤3.5 mm) and leave many clinical requirements unmet. Herein, a novel ion-activated bioadhesive hydrogel (IonBAH) is designed and its long-term performance of repairing large corneal defects (6 mm) is evaluated in rabbits for 6 months. The IonBAH is a dual-network hydrogel composed of natural corneal extracellular matrix and peptide-modified alginate, which enables its desirable transparency and biocompatibility, tunable mechanics, and robust adhesion. Moreover, the IonBAH maintains the secretory phenotype of quiescent keratocytes, while preventing their myofibroblastic differentiation in vitro. Upon application in situ, it rapidly seals the 6 mm corneal defect and forms normal curvature through the coverage of a contact lens impregnated with calcium ions. During the 6 months follow-up, the IonBAH promotes rapid regeneration of corneal epithelium, stroma, and nerves with restored transparency, equivalent to the outcome of donor corneal transplantation. In addition, the suitability of IonBAH as an adhesive and patch for various clinical requirements are also evaluated with a pleasing outcome. Collectively, IonBAH may provide a clinically applicable scaffold for corneal surgeries, especially in large defect repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiuli Sun
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yaoyao Yu
- Department of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Tan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hengrui Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Fuyan Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xia Qi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Rui Cao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Qingjun Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Weiyun Shi
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Endothelial keratoplasty is the current gold standard for treating corneal endothelial diseases, achieving excellent visual outcomes and rapid rehabilitation. There are, however, severe limitations to donor tissue supply and uneven access to surgical teams and facilities across the globe. Cell therapy is an exciting approach that has shown promising early results. Herein, we review the latest developments in cell therapy for corneal endothelial disease. RECENT FINDINGS We highlight the work of several groups that have reported successful functional outcomes of cell therapy in animal models, with the utilization of human embryonic stem cells, human-induced pluripotent stem cells and cadaveric human corneal endothelial cells (CECs) to generate populations of CECs for intracameral injection. The use of corneal endothelial progenitors, viability of cryopreserved cells and efficacy of simple noncultured cells, in treating corneal decompensation is of particular interest. Further additions to the collective understanding of CEC physiology, and the process of cultivating and administering effective cell therapy are reviewed as well. SUMMARY The latest developments in cell therapy for corneal endothelial disease are presented. The continuous growth in this field gives rise to the hope that a viable solution to the large numbers of corneal blind around the world will one day be reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan N Wong
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre
- Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School
- School of Material Science & Engineering and School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
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Corneal Endothelial Characteristics in Normal Chinese Han Children and Youngsters: A Study from the Specular Microscopy Descriptions. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:5338725. [PMID: 35634448 PMCID: PMC9142286 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5338725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective To observe the morphological changes of corneal endothelial cells in healthy Chinese children and youngsters and analyze the sensitive and specificity of the endothelial assessments. Methods 14,670 Chinese healthy volunteers enrolled were examined by specular microscopy, and the endothelial descriptive indexes: the central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), coefficient of variation in average cell size (CV), the percentage of regular hexagonal cells (hexagonality, HEX), cell size of minimal cell (Smin), cell size of maximal cell (Smax), average cell size (Savg), and size of standard deviation of cell area (Ssd) as well as sex and age were analyzed. Results The average age of this study is 17.36 ± 7.58 (4–30) years. There is no sex predominance: 7,260 male (49.5%) and 7,410 female (50.5%). The mean CCT, ECD, CV, HEX, Smin/max, Savg, and Ssd are 529.94 ± 31.53 (437–644) μm, 3,051.28 ± 375.49 (2,031–4,074) cells/mm2, 28.34 ± 4.36 (18–40) %, 61.21 ± 10.29 (17–89) %, (147.79 ± 21.94 to 678.29 ± 120.96) μm2, 332.74 ± 44.62 μm2, and 95.02 ± 23.17 μm2, respectively. The CCTs keep consistency. The ECD decreased rate is 1.02%/year. The curve of ECD and hexagonality expresses the same linear tender. The CCT and endothelial evaluation indexes have no sex predominant (p > 0.05); the quantitative indicators: CCT, ECD, and HEX are significant negative associated with age (p = 0.001 or p < 0.001); the variability indexes: the CV, Smin, Smax, Savg, and Ssd are positive correlation (p < 0.001). The coefficients of CCT, HE, and Smin are -0.35, -0.59, and 1.17, respectively. Conclusions The ECD decrease rate is 1.02%/year of the normal Chinese Han childhood to the earlier adulthood. The ages 4 to 12, 13 to 20, and 21 to 30 can be named as the childhood, puberty and adulthood from endothelial biologic identity. The HEX is the sensitivity marks for the polymorphisms while the S min is the specificity indicator CVs upon the Topcon Noncon Specular microscopy results.
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