1
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Garcia-Gonzalez I, Rocha SF, Hamidi A, Garcia-Ortega L, Regano A, Sanchez-Muñoz MS, Lytvyn M, Garcia-Cabero A, Roig-Soucase S, Schoofs H, Castro M, Sabata H, Potente M, Graupera M, Makinen T, Benedito R. iSuRe-HadCre is an essential tool for effective conditional genetics. Nucleic Acids Res 2024:gkae472. [PMID: 38850155 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Methods for modifying gene function at high spatiotemporal resolution in mice have revolutionized biomedical research, with Cre-loxP being the most widely used technology. However, the Cre-loxP technology has several drawbacks, including weak activity, leakiness, toxicity, and low reliability of existing Cre-reporters. This is mainly because different genes flanked by loxP sites (floxed) vary widely in their sensitivity to Cre-mediated recombination. Here, we report the generation, validation, and utility of iSuRe-HadCre, a new dual Cre-reporter and deleter mouse line that avoids these drawbacks. iSuRe-HadCre achieves this through a novel inducible dual-recombinase genetic cascade that ensures that cells expressing a fluorescent reporter had only transient Cre activity, that is nonetheless sufficient to effectively delete floxed genes. iSuRe-HadCre worked reliably in all cell types and for the 13 floxed genes tested. This new tool will enable the precise, efficient, and trustworthy analysis of gene function in entire mouse tissues or in single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Garcia-Gonzalez
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana F Rocha
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anahita Hamidi
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Lourdes Garcia-Ortega
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alvaro Regano
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria S Sanchez-Muñoz
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariya Lytvyn
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aroa Garcia-Cabero
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Roig-Soucase
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Hans Schoofs
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marco Castro
- Angiogenesis & Metabolism Laboratory, Center of Vascular Biomedicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helena Sabata
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Michael Potente
- Angiogenesis & Metabolism Laboratory, Center of Vascular Biomedicine, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenviroment Group, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- ICREA, Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Taija Makinen
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden
- Translational Cancer Medicine Program, Research Programs Unit, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Wihuri Research Institute, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rui Benedito
- Molecular Genetics of Angiogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Silveira HS, Cesário RC, Vígaro RA, Gaiotte LB, Cucielo MS, Guimarães F, Seiva FRF, Zuccari DAPC, Reiter RJ, Chuffa LGDA. Melatonin changes energy metabolism and reduces oncogenic signaling in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 592:112296. [PMID: 38844096 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2024.112296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) adjusts energy metabolism in favor of its progression and dissemination. Because melatonin (Mel) has antitumor actions, we investigated its impact on energy metabolism and kinase signaling in OC cells (SKOV-3 and CAISMOV-24). Cells were divided into control and Mel-treated groups, in the presence or absence of the antagonist luzindole. There was a decrease in the levels of HIF-1α, G6PDH, GAPDH, PDH, and CS after Mel treatment even in the presence of luzindole in both OC cells. Mel treatment also reduced the activity of OC-related enzymes including PFK-1, G6PDH, LDH, CS, and GS whereas PDH activity was increased. Lactate and glutamine levels dropped after Mel treatment. Mel further promoted a reduction in the concentrations of CREB, JNK, NF-kB, p-38, ERK1/2, AKT, P70S6K, and STAT in both cell lines. Mel reverses Warburg-type metabolism and possibly reduces glutaminolysis, thereby attenuating various oncogenic molecules associated with OC progression and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Spaulonci Silveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Carvalho Cesário
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renan Aparecido Vígaro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leticia Barbosa Gaiotte
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maira Smaniotto Cucielo
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Guimarães
- Hospital da Mulher "Professor Doutor José Aristodemo Pinotti" - CAISM, UNICAMP, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHealth, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Luiz Gustavo de Almeida Chuffa
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, Institute of Biosciences, Botucatu, 18618-689, São Paulo, Brazil.
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3
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Lliberos C, Richardson G, Papa A. Oncogenic Pathways and Targeted Therapies in Ovarian Cancer. Biomolecules 2024; 14:585. [PMID: 38785992 PMCID: PMC11118117 DOI: 10.3390/biom14050585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is one of the most aggressive forms of gynaecological malignancies. Survival rates for women diagnosed with OC remain poor as most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease. Debulking surgery and platinum-based therapies are the current mainstay for OC treatment. However, and despite achieving initial remission, a significant portion of patients will relapse because of innate and acquired resistance, at which point the disease is considered incurable. In view of this, novel detection strategies and therapeutic approaches are needed to improve outcomes and survival of OC patients. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge of the genetic landscape and molecular pathways underpinning OC and its many subtypes. By examining therapeutic strategies explored in preclinical and clinical settings, we highlight the importance of decoding how single and convergent genetic alterations co-exist and drive OC progression and resistance to current treatments. We also propose that core signalling pathways such as the PI3K and MAPK pathways play critical roles in the origin of diverse OC subtypes and can become new targets in combination with known DNA damage repair pathways for the development of tailored and more effective anti-cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Lliberos
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
- Neil Beauglehall Department of Medical Oncology Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC 3144, Australia
| | - Gary Richardson
- Neil Beauglehall Department of Medical Oncology Research, Cabrini Health, Malvern, VIC 3144, Australia
| | - Antonella Papa
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
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4
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Yin H, Liu Y, Dong Q, Wang H, Yan Y, Wang X, Wan X, Yuan G, Pan Y. The mechanism of extracellular CypB promotes glioblastoma adaptation to glutamine deprivation microenvironment. Cancer Lett 2024:216862. [PMID: 38582396 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma, previously known as glioblastoma multiform (GBM), is a type of glioma with a high degree of malignancy and rapid growth rate. It is highly dependent on glutamine (Gln) metabolism during proliferation and lags in neoangiogenesis, leading to extensive Gln depletion in the core region of GBM. Gln-derived glutamate is used to synthesize the antioxidant Glutathione (GSH). We demonstrated that GSH levels are also reduced in Gln deficiency, leading to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The ROS production induces endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and the proteins in the ER are secreted into the extracellular medium. We collected GBM cell supernatants cultured with or without Gln medium; the core and peripheral regions of human GBM tumor tissues. Proteomic analysis was used to screen out the target-secreted protein CypB. We demonstrated that the extracellular CypB expression is associated with Gln deprivation. Then, we verified that GBM can promote the glycolytic pathway by activating HIF-1α to upregulate the expression of GLUT1 and LDHA expressions. Meanwhile, the DRP1 was activated, increasing mitochondrial fission, thus inhibiting mitochondrial function. To explore the specific mechanism of its regulation, we constructed a si-CD147 knockout model and added human recombinant CypB protein to verify that extracellular CypB influenced the expression of downstream p-AKT through its cell membrane receptor CD147 binding. Moreover, we confirmed that p-AKT could upregulate HIF-1α and DRP1. Finally, we observed that extracellular CypB can bind to the CD147 receptor, activate p-AKT, and upregulate HIF-1α and DRP1 in order to promote glycolysis while inhibiting mitochondrial function to adapt to the Gln-deprived microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Neurological Diseases Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunji Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Neurological Diseases Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wan
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescen, Singapore, Singapore; School of Basic Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China; Neurological Diseases Clinical Medical Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
| | - Yawen Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China.
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5
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Liu J, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Yang B, Liu H, Chen Y. MATN2 overexpression suppresses tumor growth in ovarian cancer via PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Funct Integr Genomics 2024; 24:71. [PMID: 38568332 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-024-01340-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The incidence rate of developing ovarian cancer decreases over the years; however, mortality ranks top among malignancies of women, mainly metastasis through local invasion. Matrilin-2 (MATN2) is a member of the matrilin family that plays an important role in many cancers. However, its relationship with ovarian cancer remains unknown. Our study aimed to explore the function and possible mechanism of MATN2 in ovarian cancer. Human ovarian cancer tissue microarrays were used to detect the MATN2 expression in different types of ovarian cancer using immunohistochemistry (IHC). CCK-8, wound scratch healing assay, transwell assay, and flow cytometry were used to detect cell mobility. Gene and protein expression were detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. MATN2 interacts with phosphatase, and the tensin homolog (PTEN) deleted on chromosome 10 was analyzed using TCGA database and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). In vivo experiments were conducted using BALB/c nude mice, and tumor volume and weight were recorded. Tumor growth was determined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and IHC staining. MATN2 was significantly downregulated in ovarian cancer cells. The SKOV3 and A2780 cell mobility was significantly inhibited by MATN2 overexpression, while the cell apoptosis rate was significantly increased. MATN2 overexpression decreased transplanted tumor size in vivo. These results were reversed by inhibiting MATN2. Furthermore, we found that PTEN closely interacted with MATN2 using bioinformatics and Co-IP. MATN2 overexpression significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT pathway, however, PTEN suppression reversed this effect of MATN2 overexpression. These results indicated that MATN2 may play a critical role in ovarian cancer development by inhibiting cells proliferation and migration. The mechanism was related to interacting with PTEN, thus inhibiting downstream effectors in the PI3K/AKT pathway, which may be a novel target for treating ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, 233004, China
| | - Youguo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China.
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6
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Murawski M, Jagodziński A, Bielawska-Pohl A, Klimczak A. Complexity of the Genetic Background of Oncogenesis in Ovarian Cancer-Genetic Instability and Clinical Implications. Cells 2024; 13:345. [PMID: 38391958 PMCID: PMC10886918 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of death among women with gynecological cancers, and is often diagnosed at advanced stages, leading to poor outcomes. This review explores genetic aspects of high-grade serous, endometrioid, and clear-cell ovarian carcinomas, emphasizing personalized treatment approaches. Specific mutations such as TP53 in high-grade serous and BRAF/KRAS in low-grade serous carcinomas highlight the need for tailored therapies. Varying mutation prevalence across subtypes, including BRCA1/2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, and c-myc amplification, offers potential therapeutic targets. This review underscores TP53's pivotal role and advocates p53 immunohistochemical staining for mutational analysis. BRCA1/2 mutations' significance as genetic risk factors and their relevance in PARP inhibitor therapy are discussed, emphasizing the importance of genetic testing. This review also addresses the paradoxical better prognosis linked to KRAS and BRAF mutations in ovarian cancer. ARID1A, PIK3CA, and PTEN alterations in platinum resistance contribute to the genetic landscape. Therapeutic strategies, like restoring WT p53 function and exploring PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, are considered. The evolving understanding of genetic factors in ovarian carcinomas supports tailored therapeutic approaches based on individual tumor genetic profiles. Ongoing research shows promise for advancing personalized treatments and refining genetic testing in neoplastic diseases, including ovarian cancer. Clinical genetic screening tests can identify women at increased risk, guiding predictive cancer risk-reducing surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Murawski
- 1st Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Adam Jagodziński
- 1st Clinical Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Bielawska-Pohl
- Laboratory of Biology of Stem and Neoplastic Cells, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.-P.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Klimczak
- Laboratory of Biology of Stem and Neoplastic Cells, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.B.-P.); (A.K.)
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Chandra SR, Nair A, Nair S. Terminology and Classifications of Vascular Lesions Based on Molecular Identification. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2024; 36:35-48. [PMID: 37981344 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The majority of the vascular anomalies are seen in the head and neck region. Even though the incidence of this anomaly could be construed as a rare disease entity, with only 5% of overall affliction, the lack of knowledgeable management has disfigured many. A comprehensive understanding of this benign yet complex life-changing entity is essential. A historical perspective, pathophysiology-logical evolution, and the current knowledge of management modalities are essential for rendering clinical care in this subspecialty care. We propose a very succint Head and Neck Surgical classification for vascular anamolies, which has been a good guide for surgical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa R Chandra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head and Neck Oncology and Microvascular Reconstruction, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| | - Advaith Nair
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - Head and Neck Oncology and Microvascular Reconstruction, Oregon Health and Sciences University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sanjiv Nair
- B M Jain Hospital, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences, 35, 4th Main 13 Cross, Malleswaram, Bangalore, 560003
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8
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Wang Y, Duval AJ, Adli M, Matei D. Biology-driven therapy advances in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e174013. [PMID: 38165032 PMCID: PMC10760962 DOI: 10.1172/jci174013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Following a period of slow progress, the completion of genome sequencing and the paradigm shift relative to the cell of origin for high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) led to a new perspective on the biology and therapeutic solutions for this deadly cancer. Experimental models were revisited to address old questions, and improved tools were generated. Additional pathways emerging as drivers of ovarian tumorigenesis and key dependencies for therapeutic targeting, in particular, VEGF-driven angiogenesis and homologous recombination deficiency, were discovered. Molecular profiling of histological subtypes of ovarian cancer defined distinct genetic events for each entity, enabling the first attempts toward personalized treatment. Armed with this knowledge, HGSOC treatment was revised to include new agents. Among them, PARP inhibitors (PARPis) were shown to induce unprecedented improvement in clinical benefit for selected subsets of patients. Research on mechanisms of resistance to PARPis is beginning to discover vulnerabilities and point to new treatment possibilities. This Review highlights these advances, the remaining challenges, and unsolved problems in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
| | - Alexander James Duval
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
- Driskill Graduate Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Mazhar Adli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Daniela Matei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Jesse Brown Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Cao F, Qi Y, Wu W, Li X, Yang C. Single-cell and genetic multi-omics analysis combined with experiments confirmed the signature and potential targets of cuproptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1240390. [PMID: 37745297 PMCID: PMC10516581 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1240390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cuproptosis, as a recently discovered type of programmed cell death, occupies a very important role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and provides new methods for immunotherapy; however, the functions of cuproptosis in HCC are still unclear. Methods: We first analyzed the transcriptome data and clinical information of 526 HCC patients using multiple algorithms in R language and extensively described the copy number variation, prognostic and immune infiltration characteristics of cuproptosis related genes (CRGs). Then, the hub CRG related genes associated with prognosis through LASSO and Cox regression analyses and constructed a prognostic prediction model including multiple molecular markers and clinicopathological parameters through training cohorts, then this model was verified by test cohorts. On the basis of the model, the clinicopathological indicators, immune infiltration and tumor microenvironment characteristics of HCC patients were further explored via bioinformation analysis. Then, We further explored the key gene biological function by single-cell analysis, cell viability and transwell experiments. Meantime, we also explored the molecular docking of the hub genes. Results: We have screened 5 hub genes associated with HCC prognosis and constructed a prognosis prediction scoring model. And the model results showed that patients in the high-risk group had poor prognosis and the expression levels of multiple immune markers, including PD-L1, CD276 and CTLA4, were higher than those patients in the low-risk group. We found a significant correlation between risk score and M0 macrophages and memory CD4+ T cells. And the single-cell analysis and molecular experiments showed that BEX1 were higher expressed in HCC tissues and deletion inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration and EMT pathway of HCC cells. Finally, it was observed that BEX1 could bind to sorafenib to form a stable conformation. Conclusion: The study not only revealed the multiomics characteristics of CRGs in HCC but also constructed a new high-accuracy prognostic prediction model. Meanwhile, BEX1 were also identified as hub genes that can mediate the cuproptosis of hepatocytes as potential therapeutic targets for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Cao
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Yong Qi
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wenyong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xutong Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chuang Yang
- Department of Visceral, Transplant, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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10
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Cômes PC, Le Van T, Tran S, Huard S, Abi-Jaoude S, Venot Q, Marijon P, Boetto J, Blouin A, Bielle F, Ducos Y, Teranishi Y, Kalamarides M, Peyre M. Respective roles of Pik3ca mutations and cyproterone acetate impregnation in mouse meningioma tumorigenesis. Cancer Gene Ther 2023; 30:1114-1123. [PMID: 37188724 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-023-00621-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite their rarity, PIK3CA mutations in meningiomas have raised interest as potentially targetable, ubiquitous mutations owing to their presence in sporadic benign and malignant tumors but also in hormone-related cases. Using new genetically engineered mouse models, we here demonstrate that Pik3ca mutations in postnatal meningeal cells are sufficient to promote meningioma formation but also tumor progression in mice. Conversely, hormone impregnation, whether alone or in association with Pik3ca and Nf2 mutations, fails to induce meningioma tumorigenesis while promoting breast tumor formation. We then confirm in vitro the effect of Pik3ca mutations but not hormone impregnation on the proliferation of primary cultures of mouse meningeal cells. Finally, we show by exome analysis of breast tumors and meninges that hormone impregnation promotes breast tumor formation without additional somatic oncogenic mutation but is associated with an increased mutational burden on Pik3ca-mutant background. Taken together, these results tend to suggest a prominent role of Pik3ca mutations over hormone impregnation in meningioma tumorigenesis, the exact effect of the latter is still to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Cyril Cômes
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Tuan Le Van
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Suzanne Tran
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
- Department of Neuropathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Solène Huard
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Samiya Abi-Jaoude
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Quitterie Venot
- Université de Paris, Paris, 75006, France
- INSERM U1151, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, 75015, France
| | - Pauline Marijon
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Julien Boetto
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Antoine Blouin
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Franck Bielle
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
- Department of Neuropathology, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié Salpétrière, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Yohan Ducos
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Yu Teranishi
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Michel Kalamarides
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Matthieu Peyre
- Sorbonne Université, CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, Paris Brain Institute, Paris, 75013, France.
- Department of Neurosurgery, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, 75013, France.
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11
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Lučić I, Kurtović M, Mlinarić M, Piteša N, Čipak Gašparović A, Sabol M, Milković L. Deciphering Common Traits of Breast and Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells and Possible Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10683. [PMID: 37445860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) and ovarian cancer (OC) are among the most common and deadly cancers affecting women worldwide. Both are complex diseases with marked heterogeneity. Despite the induction of screening programs that increase the frequency of earlier diagnosis of BC, at a stage when the cancer is more likely to respond to therapy, which does not exist for OC, more than 50% of both cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Initial therapy can put the cancer into remission. However, recurrences occur frequently in both BC and OC, which are highly cancer-subtype dependent. Therapy resistance is mainly attributed to a rare subpopulation of cells, named cancer stem cells (CSC) or tumor-initiating cells, as they are capable of self-renewal, tumor initiation, and regrowth of tumor bulk. In this review, we will discuss the distinctive markers and signaling pathways that characterize CSC, their interactions with the tumor microenvironment, and the strategies they employ to evade immune surveillance. Our focus will be on identifying the common features of breast cancer stem cells (BCSC) and ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSC) and suggesting potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Lučić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Matea Kurtović
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monika Mlinarić
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Piteša
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Čipak Gašparović
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- Laboratory for Hereditary Cancer, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lidija Milković
- Laboratory for Oxidative Stress, Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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12
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Gong GQ, Bilanges B, Allsop B, Masson GR, Roberton V, Askwith T, Oxenford S, Madsen RR, Conduit SE, Bellini D, Fitzek M, Collier M, Najam O, He Z, Wahab B, McLaughlin SH, Chan AWE, Feierberg I, Madin A, Morelli D, Bhamra A, Vinciauskaite V, Anderson KE, Surinova S, Pinotsis N, Lopez-Guadamillas E, Wilcox M, Hooper A, Patel C, Whitehead MA, Bunney TD, Stephens LR, Hawkins PT, Katan M, Yellon DM, Davidson SM, Smith DM, Phillips JB, Angell R, Williams RL, Vanhaesebroeck B. A small-molecule PI3Kα activator for cardioprotection and neuroregeneration. Nature 2023; 618:159-168. [PMID: 37225977 PMCID: PMC7614683 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Harnessing the potential beneficial effects of kinase signalling through the generation of direct kinase activators remains an underexplored area of drug development1-5. This also applies to the PI3K signalling pathway, which has been extensively targeted by inhibitors for conditions with PI3K overactivation, such as cancer and immune dysregulation. Here we report the discovery of UCL-TRO-1938 (referred to as 1938 hereon), a small-molecule activator of the PI3Kα isoform, a crucial effector of growth factor signalling. 1938 allosterically activates PI3Kα through a distinct mechanism by enhancing multiple steps of the PI3Kα catalytic cycle and causes both local and global conformational changes in the PI3Kα structure. This compound is selective for PI3Kα over other PI3K isoforms and multiple protein and lipid kinases. It transiently activates PI3K signalling in all rodent and human cells tested, resulting in cellular responses such as proliferation and neurite outgrowth. In rodent models, acute treatment with 1938 provides cardioprotection from ischaemia-reperfusion injury and, after local administration, enhances nerve regeneration following nerve crush. This study identifies a chemical tool to directly probe the PI3Kα signalling pathway and a new approach to modulate PI3K activity, widening the therapeutic potential of targeting these enzymes through short-term activation for tissue protection and regeneration. Our findings illustrate the potential of activating kinases for therapeutic benefit, a currently largely untapped area of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Q Gong
- Cell Signalling, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Benoit Bilanges
- Cell Signalling, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Allsop
- Drug Discovery Group, Translational Research Office, University College London, London, UK
| | - Glenn R Masson
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Victoria Roberton
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Trevor Askwith
- Drug Discovery Group, Translational Research Office, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sally Oxenford
- Drug Discovery Group, Translational Research Office, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ralitsa R Madsen
- Cell Signalling, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah E Conduit
- Cell Signalling, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dom Bellini
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martina Fitzek
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Matt Collier
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Osman Najam
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zhenhe He
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ben Wahab
- Medicines Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - A W Edith Chan
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Andrew Madin
- Hit Discovery, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniele Morelli
- Cell Signalling, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amandeep Bhamra
- Proteomics Research Translational Technology Platform, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Vanesa Vinciauskaite
- Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | | | - Silvia Surinova
- Proteomics Research Translational Technology Platform, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Nikos Pinotsis
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, London, UK
| | | | - Matthew Wilcox
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alice Hooper
- Drug Discovery Group, Translational Research Office, University College London, London, UK
| | - Chandni Patel
- Drug Discovery Group, Translational Research Office, University College London, London, UK
| | - Maria A Whitehead
- Cell Signalling, Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tom D Bunney
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Matilda Katan
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - David M Smith
- Emerging Innovations, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - James B Phillips
- UCL Centre for Nerve Engineering, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK
| | - Richard Angell
- Drug Discovery Group, Translational Research Office, University College London, London, UK
- Medicines Discovery Institute, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Roger L Williams
- Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK
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13
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Zhang J, Croft J, Le A. Familial CCM Genes Might Not Be Main Drivers for Pathogenesis of Sporadic CCMs-Genetic Similarity between Cancers and Vascular Malformations. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13040673. [PMID: 37109059 PMCID: PMC10143507 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13040673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) are abnormally dilated intracranial capillaries that form cerebrovascular lesions with a high risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Recently, several somatic "activating" gain-of-function (GOF) point mutations in PIK3CA (phosphatidylinositol-4, 5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit p110α) were discovered as a dominant mutation in the lesions of sporadic forms of cerebral cavernous malformation (sCCM), raising the possibility that CCMs, like other types of vascular malformations, fall in the PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS). However, this possibility has been challenged with different interpretations. In this review, we will continue our efforts to expound the phenomenon of the coexistence of gain-of-function (GOF) point mutations in the PIK3CA gene and loss-of-function (LOF) mutations in CCM genes in the CCM lesions of sCCM and try to delineate the relationship between mutagenic events with CCM lesions in a temporospatial manner. Since GOF PIK3CA point mutations have been well studied in reproductive cancers, especially breast cancer as a driver oncogene, we will perform a comparative meta-analysis for GOF PIK3CA point mutations in an attempt to demonstrate the genetic similarities shared by both cancers and vascular anomalies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Departments of Molecular & Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso (TTUHSCEP), El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Jacob Croft
- Departments of Molecular & Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso (TTUHSCEP), El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Alexander Le
- Departments of Molecular & Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso (TTUHSCEP), El Paso, TX 79905, USA
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14
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Cavarzerani E, Caligiuri I, Bartoletti M, Canzonieri V, Rizzolio F. 3D dynamic cultures of HGSOC organoids to model innovative and standard therapies. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1135374. [PMID: 37143603 PMCID: PMC10151532 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1135374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) needs new technologies for improving cancer diagnosis and therapy. It is a fatal disease with few options for the patients. In this context, dynamic culture systems coupling with patient-derived cancer 3D microstructures could offer a new opportunity for exploring novel therapeutic approaches. In this study, we optimized a passive microfluidic platform with 3D cancer organoids, which allows a standardized approach among different patients, a minimum requirement of samples, multiple interrogations of biological events, and a rapid response. The passive flow was optimized to improve the growth of cancer organoids, avoiding the disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Under optimized conditions of the OrganoFlow (tilting angle of 15° and an interval of rocking every 8 min), the cancer organoids grow faster than when they are in static conditions and the number of dead cells is reduced over time. To calculate the IC 50 values of standard chemotherapeutic drugs (carboplatin, paclitaxel, and doxorubicin) and targeted drugs (ATRA), different approaches were utilized. Resazurin staining, ATP-based assay, and DAPI/PI colocalization assays were compared, and the IC 50 values were calculated. The results showed that in the passive flow, the IC 50 values are lower than in static conditions. FITC-labeled paclitaxel shows a better penetration of ECM under passive flow than in static conditions, and cancer organoids start to die after 48 h instead of 96 h, respectively. Cancer organoids are the last frontiers for ex vivo testing of drugs that replicate the response of patients in the clinic. For this study, organoids derived from ascites or tissues of patients with Ovarian Cancer have been used. In conclusion, it was possible to develop a protocol for organoid cultures in a passive microfluidic platform with a higher growth rate, faster drug response, and better penetration of drugs into ECM, maintaining the samples' vitals and collecting the data on the same plate for up to 16 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Cavarzerani
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Michele Bartoletti
- Unit of Medical Oncology and Cancer Prevention, Department of Medical Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy
- *Correspondence: Flavio Rizzolio,
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15
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Tong A, Di X, Zhao X, Liang X. Review the progression of ovarian clear cell carcinoma from the perspective of genomics and epigenomics. Front Genet 2023; 14:952379. [PMID: 36873929 PMCID: PMC9978161 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.952379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a rare subtype of epithelial ovarian cancer with unique molecular characteristics, specific biological and clinical behavior, poor prognosis and high resistance to chemotherapy. Pushed by the development of genome-wide technologies, our knowledge about the molecular features of OCCC has been considerably advanced. Numerous studies are emerging as groundbreaking, and many of them are promising treatment strategies. In this article, we reviewed studies about the genomics and epigenetics of OCCC, including gene mutation, copy number variations, DNA methylation and histone modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Tong
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiangjie Di
- Clinical Trial Center, NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drugs, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Development and Related Diseases of Women and Children Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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16
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Nokhostin F, Azadehrah M, Azadehrah M. The multifaced role and therapeutic regulation of autophagy in ovarian cancer. Clin Transl Oncol 2022; 25:1207-1217. [PMID: 36534371 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-022-03045-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the tumors that occurs most frequently in women. Autophagy is involved in cell homeostasis, biomolecule recycling, and survival, making it a potential target for anti-tumor drugs. It is worth noting that growing evidence reveals a close link between autophagy and OC. In the context of OC, autophagy demonstrates activity as both a tumor suppressor and a tumor promoter, depending on the context. Autophagy's exact function in OC is greatly reliant on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and other conditions, such as hypoxia, nutritional deficiency, chemotherapy, and so on. However, what can be concluded from different studies is that autophagy-related signaling pathways, especially PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis, increase in advanced stages and malignant phenotype of the disease reduces autophagy and ultimately leads to tumor progression. This study sought to present a thorough understanding of the role of autophagy-related signaling pathways in OC and existing therapies targeting these signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Nokhostin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Azadehrah
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Malihe Azadehrah
- Cancer Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
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17
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Qin T, Fan J, Lu F, Zhang L, Liu C, Xiong Q, Zhao Y, Chen G, Sun C. Harnessing preclinical models for the interrogation of ovarian cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:277. [PMID: 36114548 PMCID: PMC9479310 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02486-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with various etiology, histopathology, and biological feature. Despite accumulating understanding of OC in the post-genomic era, the preclinical knowledge still undergoes limited translation from bench to beside, and the prognosis of ovarian cancer has remained dismal over the past 30 years. Henceforth, reliable preclinical model systems are warranted to bridge the gap between laboratory experiments and clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the status quo of ovarian cancer preclinical models which includes conventional cell line models, patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), patient-derived organoids (PDOs), patient-derived explants (PDEs), and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs). Each model has its own strengths and drawbacks. We focus on the potentials and challenges of using these valuable tools, either alone or in combination, to interrogate critical issues with OC.
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18
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DDTC Suppresses Ovarian Cancer Development via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:1941077. [PMID: 35978887 PMCID: PMC9377914 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1941077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In prior research, 6,12-diphenyl-3,9-diazatetraasterane-1, 5, 7, 11-tetracarboxylate (DDTC) has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of the growth of the SKOV3 and A2780 ovarian cancer (OC) cell lines. Flow cytometry analyses indicated that DDTC was able to suppress P-CNA expression at the protein level within OC cells, while RNA-seq indicated that DDTC treatment was associated with marked changes in gene expression profiles within A2780 cells. Molecular docking analyses suggested that DDTC has the potential to readily dock with key signaling proteins including PI3K, AKT, and mTOR. In line with these findings, DDTC treatment inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in a mouse model system. Such treatment was also associated with reduced p-PI3K/PI3K, p-AKT/AKT, p-mTOR/mTOR, and CyclinD1 (CCND1) expressions and with the increased expression of PTEN in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results suggest that DDTC is capable of readily inhibiting OC development at least in part via targeting and modulating signaling via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis.
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19
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Preclinical models of epithelial ovarian cancer: practical considerations and challenges for a meaningful application. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:364. [PMID: 35705879 PMCID: PMC9200670 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite many improvements in ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment, until now, conventional chemotherapy and new biological drugs have not been shown to cure the disease, and the overall prognosis remains poor. Over 90% of ovarian malignancies are categorized as epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC), a collection of different types of neoplasms with distinctive disease biology, response to chemotherapy, and outcome. Advances in our understanding of the histopathology and molecular features of EOC subtypes, as well as the cellular origins of these cancers, have given a boost to the development of clinically relevant experimental models. The overall goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the available preclinical investigational approaches aimed at better characterizing disease development and progression and at identifying new therapeutic strategies. Systems discussed comprise monolayer (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures of established and primary cancer cell lines, organoids and patient-derived explants, animal models, including carcinogen-induced, syngeneic, genetically engineered mouse, xenografts, patient-derived xenografts (PDX), humanized PDX, and the zebrafish and the laying hen models. Recent advances in tumour-on-a-chip platforms are also detailed. The critical analysis of strengths and weaknesses of each experimental model will aid in identifying opportunities to optimize their translational value.
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20
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Kobialka P, Sabata H, Vilalta O, Gouveia L, Angulo-Urarte A, Muixí L, Zanoncello J, Muñoz-Aznar O, Olaciregui NG, Fanlo L, Esteve-Codina A, Lavarino C, Javierre BM, Celis V, Rovira C, López-Fernández S, Baselga E, Mora J, Castillo SD, Graupera M. The onset of PI3K-related vascular malformations occurs during angiogenesis and is prevented by the AKT inhibitor miransertib. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 14:e15619. [PMID: 35695059 PMCID: PMC9260211 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202115619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Low‐flow vascular malformations are congenital overgrowths composed of abnormal blood vessels potentially causing pain, bleeding and obstruction of different organs. These diseases are caused by oncogenic mutations in the endothelium, which result in overactivation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Lack of robust in vivo preclinical data has prevented the development and translation into clinical trials of specific molecular therapies for these diseases. Here, we demonstrate that the Pik3caH1047R activating mutation in endothelial cells triggers a transcriptome rewiring that leads to enhanced cell proliferation. We describe a new reproducible preclinical in vivo model of PI3K‐driven vascular malformations using the postnatal mouse retina. We show that active angiogenesis is required for the pathogenesis of vascular malformations caused by activating Pik3ca mutations. Using this model, we demonstrate that the AKT inhibitor miransertib both prevents and induces the regression of PI3K‐driven vascular malformations. We confirmed the efficacy of miransertib in isolated human endothelial cells with genotypes spanning most of human low‐flow vascular malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kobialka
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Sabata
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Odena Vilalta
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonor Gouveia
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ana Angulo-Urarte
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laia Muixí
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jasmina Zanoncello
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Muñoz-Aznar
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nagore G Olaciregui
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucia Fanlo
- 3D Chromatin Organization, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Esteve-Codina
- CNAG-CRG, Centre for Genomic Regulation, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cinzia Lavarino
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Biola M Javierre
- 3D Chromatin Organization, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Veronica Celis
- Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlota Rovira
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana López-Fernández
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Hospital de la Santa Creu i de Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eulàlia Baselga
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume Mora
- Developmental Tumor Biology Laboratory, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.,Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra D Castillo
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Endothelial Pathobiology and Microenvironment, Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERONC, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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21
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Simond AM, Bui T, Zuo D, Sanguin-Gendreau V, Rao T, Phillips WA, Cardiff RD, Muller WJ. Physiological expression of PI3K H1047R mutation reveals its anti-metastatic potential in ErbB2-driven breast cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:3445-3451. [PMID: 35538223 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02323-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
p110α is a catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), a major downstream effector of receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2, that is amplified and overexpressed in 20-30% of breast cancers, 40% of which have an activating mutation in p110α. Despite the high frequency of PIK3CA gain-of-function mutations, their prognostic value is controversial. Here, we employ a knock-in transgenic strategy to restrict the expression of an activated form of ErbB2 and p110α kinase domain mutation (p110αHR) in the mammary epithelium. Physiological levels of transgene expression under the control of their endogenous promoters did not result in a major synergistic effect. However, tumors arising in ErbB2/p110αHR bi-genic strain metastasized to the lung with significantly reduced capacity compared to tumors expressing ErbB2 alone. The reduced metastasis was further associated with retention of the myoepithelial layer reminiscent of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), a non-invasive stage of human breast cancer. Molecular and biochemical analyses revealed that these poorly metastatic tumors exhibited a significant decrease in phospho-myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) associated with cellular contractility and migration. Examination of human samples for MLC2 activity revealed a progressive increase in cellular contractility between non-invasive DCIS and invasive ductal carcinoma. Collectively, these data argue that p110αHR mutation attenuates metastatic behavior in the context of ErbB2-driven breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Simond
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tung Bui
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dongmei Zuo
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Trisha Rao
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Wayne A Phillips
- Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert D Cardiff
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - William J Muller
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada. .,Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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22
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Ladewig E, Michelini F, Jhaveri K, Castel P, Carmona J, Fairchild L, Zuniga AG, Arruabarrena-Aristorena A, Cocco E, Blawski R, Kittane S, Zhang Y, Sallaku M, Baldino L, Hristidis V, Chandarlapaty S, Abdel-Wahab O, Leslie C, Scaltriti M, Toska E. The oncogenic PI3K-induced transcriptomic landscape reveals key functions in splicing and gene expression regulation. Cancer Res 2022; 82:2269-2280. [PMID: 35442400 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K pathway regulates proliferation, survival, and metabolism and is frequently activated across human cancers. A comprehensive elucidation of how this signaling pathway controls transcriptional and co-transcriptional processes could provide new insights into the key functions of PI3K signaling in cancer. Here, we undertook a transcriptomic approach to investigate genome-wide gene expression and transcription factor (TF) activity changes, as well as splicing and isoform usage dynamics, downstream of PI3K. These analyses uncovered widespread alternatively spliced (AS) isoforms linked to proliferation, metabolism, and splicing in PIK3CA mutant cells, which were reversed by inhibition of PI3Kα. Analysis of paired tumor biopsies from PIK3CA-mutated breast cancer patients undergoing treatment with PI3Kα inhibitors identified widespread splicing alterations that affect specific isoforms in common with the preclinical models, and these alterations, namely PTK2/FRNK and AFMID isoforms, were validated as functional drivers of cancer cell growth or migration. Mechanistically, isoform-specific splicing factors mediated PI3K-dependent RNA splicing. Treatment with splicing inhibitors rendered breast cancer cells more sensitive to the PI3Kα inhibitor alpelisib, resulting in greater growth inhibition than alpelisib alone. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of widespread splicing alterations driven by oncogenic PI3K in breast cancer. The atlas of PI3K-mediated splicing programs establishes a key role for the PI3K pathway in regulating splicing, opening new avenues for exploiting PI3K signaling as a therapeutic vulnerability in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ladewig
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Komal Jhaveri
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pau Castel
- NYU Langone, New York, NY, United States
| | - Javier Carmona
- Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lauren Fairchild
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Adler G Zuniga
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States
| | | | | | - Ryan Blawski
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, United States
| | - Srushti Kittane
- Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
| | | | - Laura Baldino
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | | | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Christina Leslie
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Eneda Toska
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States
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23
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Gao J, Fu Y, Song L, Long M, Zhang Y, Qin J, Liu H. Proapoptotic Effect of Icariin on Human Ovarian Cancer Cells via the NF-[Formula: see text]B/PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway: A Network Pharmacology-Directed Experimental Investigation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:589-619. [PMID: 35114909 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Based on network pharmacology tools and public bioinformatics databases, the pharmacodynamic target and key mechanism of icariin (ICA) in the treatment of ovarian cancer (OC) were identified and experimentally verified. Our previous research showed that TNF, MMP9, STAT3, PIK3CA, ERBB2, MTOR, IL2, PTGS2, KDR and F2 are important targets of ICA in the treatment of OC. TNF, as a hub gene in tumor tissues, was associated with poor prognosis. ICA acted on OC mainly through the biological functions of various kinases, and the pathway with the highest accuracy ([Formula: see text]-value) was PI3K. Meanwhile, we observed a close upstream and downstream relationship between NF-[Formula: see text]B and the Pl3K-AKT pathway. This study further verified the mechanism of ICA in promoting apoptosis of SKOV3 cells through the NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway and the tandem relationship between NF-[Formula: see text]B and the Pl3K-AKT pathway. The assay results demonstrated that ICA can promote the apoptosis of SKOV3 cells as indicated by the proapoptotic markers Bax, Bcl-xl and Caspase-3 and the key factors of the NF-[Formula: see text]B signaling pathway (NF-[Formula: see text]Bp65, p-NF-[Formula: see text]Bp65, p-I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] and I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text]. ICA can block the classical NF-[Formula: see text]B pathway by inhibiting I[Formula: see text]B[Formula: see text] phosphorylation and consequently blocking the activation of the NF-[Formula: see text]B pathway in SKOV3 cells. ICA can also promote apoptosis by blocking the activation of the NF-[Formula: see text]B pathway in SKOV3 cells via inhibition of NF-[Formula: see text]Bp65 nuclear translocation. After using a PI3K pathway inhibitor, we further discovered that ICA may reduce AKT signal transduction by inhibiting the level of Akt phosphorylation, resulting in a loss of PI3K/Akt-dependent activation of the NF-[Formula: see text]B pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yanjin Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Linliang Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Mengsha Long
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Jiajia Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P. R. China
| | - Haiquan Liu
- Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huizhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong 516001, P. R. China
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24
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Lupia M, Melocchi V, Bizzaro F, Lo Riso P, Dama E, Baronio M, Ranghiero A, Barberis M, Bernard L, Bertalot G, Giavazzi R, Testa G, Bianchi F, Cavallaro U. Integrated molecular profiling of patient-derived ovarian cancer models identifies clinically relevant signatures and tumor vulnerabilities. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:240-254. [PMID: 35218560 PMCID: PMC9310611 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High‐grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is a highly aggressive and intractable neoplasm, mainly because of its rapid dissemination into the abdominal cavity, a process that is favored by tumor‐associated peritoneal ascites. The precise molecular alterations involved in HGSOC onset and progression remain largely unknown due to the high biological and genetic heterogeneity of this tumor. We established a set of different tumor samples (termed the As11‐set) derived from a single HGSOC patient, consisting of peritoneal ascites, primary tumor cells, ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSC) and serially propagated tumor xenografts. The As11‐set was subjected to an integrated RNA‐seq and DNA‐seq analysis which unveiled molecular alterations that marked the different types of samples. Our profiling strategy yielded a panel of signatures relevant in HGSOC and in OCSC biology. When such signatures were used to interrogate the TCGA dataset from HGSOC patients, they exhibited prognostic and predictive power. The molecular alterations also identified potential vulnerabilities associated with OCSC, which were then tested functionally in stemness‐related assays. As a proof of concept, we defined PI3K signaling as a novel druggable target in OCSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Lupia
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Melocchi
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Francesca Bizzaro
- Laboratory of Tumor Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Lo Riso
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Dama
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Micol Baronio
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Barberis
- Pathology Unit, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Loris Bernard
- Clinical Genomics Lab, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bertalot
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaella Giavazzi
- Laboratory of Tumor Metastasis Therapeutics, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri-IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Testa
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Department of Oncology and Haemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Bianchi
- Unit of Cancer Biomarkers, Fondazione IRCCS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Ugo Cavallaro
- Unit of Gynaecological Oncology Research, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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25
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Wang G, Zhuang Z, Shen S, Yang F, Jiang Z, Liu Z, Wang T, Hua L. Regulation of PTEN and ovarian cancer progression by an E3 ubiquitin ligase RBCK1. Hum Cell 2022; 35:896-908. [PMID: 35174471 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00681-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies worldwide, with the 5-year survival is less than 50%. Although some clinical achievements have been achieved, the overall survival rate has remained unchanged over the past 20 years. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to develop the potential modifiers and therapeutic approach to improve the overall survival rate in ovarian cancer patients. RBCK1 is an RING protein E3 ubiquitin ligase, which was revealed to involve in the progression of several cancers through its ubiquitination function. In this research, we report that RBCK1 expression is significantly elevated in human ovarian cancer and strongly associated with poor patients' prognosis. RBCK1 deficiency induces cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation and migration in ovarian cancer cells. In terms of molecular mechanism, we report that RBCK1 interacts with PTEN and promotes PTEN degradation in K48-linked ubiquitination. Our study suggests a new and interesting regulatory mechanism that RBCK1 facilitates PTEN degradation, which could be a new potential therapeutic target for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zi Zhuang
- Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Shen
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Jiang
- Institute of Nervous System Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ziping Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianshi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.
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26
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Oncogenic Events Dictate the Types and Locations of Gynecological Malignancies Originating from Krt8+ Mesothelial and Müllerian-Derived Epithelial Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030841. [PMID: 35159108 PMCID: PMC8834519 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Ovarian and uterine cancers are the most common gynecological malignancies in women. The early detection, prevention, and treatment of these gynecological cancers can benefit from a better understanding of how tumor-initiating cells in them are formed from their corresponding target cell populations in the female reproductive system. To study this, we utilized a genetic approach in mice to introduce driver mutations commonly found in these cancers to Keratin 8 positive (K8+) mesothelial and epithelial cells in the ovary, fallopian tube, and uterus. We found that p53-loss appears to preferentially affect K8+ epithelial cells, leading to the development of uterine and ovarian malignancies, whereas PTEN-loss may preferentially affect mesothelial cells, leading to the development of ovarian endometrioid malignancies or adenoma on the fallopian tube surface. Collectively, our data suggest that oncogenic driver mutations may dominantly determine the locations and types of gynecological malignancies developed from K8+ mesothelial and epithelial cells in the female reproductive system. Abstract Ovarian and uterine cancers are the most prevalent types of gynecological malignancies originating from mesothelial and/or Müllerian-derived epithelial cells. Recent genomic studies have identified common mutations in them that affect signaling pathways such as p53, PTEN/PI3K, RAS, and WNT pathways. However, how these mutations and their corresponding deregulated pathways affect gynecological cancer development from their cells-of-origin remains largely elusive. To address this, we performed the intrabursal injection of Cre-expressing adenovirus under the control of Krt8 promoter (Ad-K8-Cre) to mice carrying combinations of various conditional alleles for cancer genes. We found that Ad-K8-Cre specifically targeted mesothelial cells, including ovarian surface epithelial (OSE) cells (mainly the LGR5+ subset of OSE cells) and mesothelial cells lining the fallopian tube (FT) serosa; the injected Ad-K8-Cre also targeted Müllerian-derived epithelial cells, including FT epithelial cells and uterine endometrial epithelial cells. The loss of p53 may preferentially affect Müllerian-derived epithelial cells, leading to the development of uterine and ovarian malignancies, whereas PTEN-loss may preferentially affect mesothelial cells, leading to the development of ovarian endometrioid malignancies (upon KRAS-activation or APC-loss) or adenoma on the FT surface (upon DICER-loss). Overall, our data suggest that different Krt8+ mesothelial and epithelial cell types in the female reproductive system may have different sensitivities toward oncogenic mutations and, as a result, oncogenic events may dominantly determine the locations and types of the gynecological malignancies developed from them.
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27
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Lin MT, Zheng G, Rodriguez E, Tseng LH, Parini V, Xian R, Zou Y, Gocke CD, Eshleman JR. Double PIK3CA Alterations and Parallel Evolution in Colorectal Cancers. Am J Clin Pathol 2022; 157:244-251. [PMID: 34519764 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To demonstrate clinicopathologic features and evaluate the clonality of double PIK3CA alterations in colorectal cancers (CRCs). METHODS Clonality was examined in 13 CRCs with double PIK3CA alterations (1.7% of CRCs or 9.6% of PIK3CA-mutated CRCs). Multiregional analyses were performed to confirm subclonal PIK3CA alterations. RESULTS PIK3CA alterations were detected within exon 9 (51%), exon 20 (23%), exon 1 (15%), and exon 7 (6.0%). CRCs with exon 7 alterations showed a significantly higher incidence of double PIK3CA alterations. Most double PIK3CA alterations consisted of a hotpsot alteration and an uncommon alteration; they were often clonal and present within a single tumor population. Multiregional analyses of CRCs with predicted subclonal double-alterations revealed multiclonal CRCs with divergent PIK3CA variant status originating from a common APC- and KRAS-mutated founder lineage of adenoma. CONCLUSIONS The findings supported multiclonal CRCs resulting from parallel evolution during the progression from adenoma to adenocarcinoma within the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, as previously demonstrated, or the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. Further studies are warranted to elucidate clinical significance and potential targeted therapy for CRC patients with double PIK3CA alterations and impacts on clinical decision-making in patients with multiclonal CRCs harboring divergent PIK3CA mutational status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Tseh Lin
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erika Rodriguez
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Li-Hui Tseng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vamsi Parini
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rena Xian
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ying Zou
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher D Gocke
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James R Eshleman
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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28
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Dunn E, Chitcholtan K, Sykes P, Garrill A. The Anti-Proliferative Effect of PI3K/mTOR and ERK Inhibition in Monolayer and Three-Dimensional Ovarian Cancer Cell Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020395. [PMID: 35053555 PMCID: PMC8773481 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In ovarian cancer patients the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathways are frequently dysregulated, making them potential targets of therapeutic inhibitors. In this study, we used four human ovarian cancer cell lines grown in two- and three-dimensional models to investigate the potential efficacy of combining two inhibitors, which target these pathways, against ovarian cancer. The inhibitor combination was found to have cell line- and model-dependent synergistic antiproliferative effect. Abstract Most ovarian cancer patients are diagnosed with advanced stage disease, which becomes unresponsive to chemotherapeutic treatments. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR and the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK kinase signaling pathways are attractive targets for potential therapeutic inhibitors, due to the high frequency of mutations to PTEN, PIK3CA, KRAS and BRAF in several ovarian cancer subtypes. However, monotherapies targeting one of these pathways have shown modest effects in clinical trials. This limited efficacy of the agents could be due to upregulation and increased signaling via the adjacent alternative pathway. In this study, the efficacy of combined PI3K/mTOR (BEZ235) and ERK inhibition (SCH772984) was investigated in four human ovarian cancer cell lines, grown as monolayer and three-dimensional cell aggregates. The inhibitor combination reduced cellular proliferation in a synergistic manner in OV-90 and OVCAR8 monolayers and in OV-90, OVCAR5 and SKOV3 aggregates. Sensitivity to the inhibitors was reduced in three-dimensional cell aggregates in comparison to monolayers. OV-90 cells cultured in large spheroids were sensitive to the inhibitors and displayed a robust synergistic antiproliferative response to the inhibitor combination. In contrast, OVCAR8 spheroids were resistant to the inhibitors. These findings suggest that combined PI3K/mTOR and ERK inhibition could be a useful strategy for overcoming treatment resistance in ovarian cancer and warrants further preclinical investigation. Additionally, in some cell lines the use of different three-dimensional models can influence cell line sensitivity to PI3K/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Dunn
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (E.D.); (A.G.)
| | - Kenny Chitcholtan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; (K.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Peter Sykes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; (K.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Ashley Garrill
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
- Correspondence: (E.D.); (A.G.)
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29
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Johnson RL, Cummings M, Thangavelu A, Theophilou G, de Jong D, Orsi NM. Barriers to Immunotherapy in Ovarian Cancer: Metabolic, Genomic, and Immune Perturbations in the Tumour Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6231. [PMID: 34944851 PMCID: PMC8699358 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A lack of explicit early clinical signs and effective screening measures mean that ovarian cancer (OC) often presents as advanced, incurable disease. While conventional treatment combines maximal cytoreductive surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy, patients frequently develop chemoresistance and disease recurrence. The clinical application of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) aims to restore anti-cancer T-cell function in the tumour microenvironment (TME). Disappointingly, even though tumour infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with superior survival in OC, ICB has offered limited therapeutic benefits. Herein, we discuss specific TME features that prevent ICB from reaching its full potential, focussing in particular on the challenges created by immune, genomic and metabolic alterations. We explore both recent and current therapeutic strategies aiming to overcome these hurdles, including the synergistic effect of combination treatments with immune-based strategies and review the status quo of current clinical trials aiming to maximise the success of immunotherapy in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Racheal Louise Johnson
- Department Gynaecological Oncology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (A.T.); (G.T.); (D.d.J.)
| | - Michele Cummings
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (M.C.); (N.M.O.)
| | - Amudha Thangavelu
- Department Gynaecological Oncology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (A.T.); (G.T.); (D.d.J.)
| | - Georgios Theophilou
- Department Gynaecological Oncology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (A.T.); (G.T.); (D.d.J.)
| | - Diederick de Jong
- Department Gynaecological Oncology, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (A.T.); (G.T.); (D.d.J.)
| | - Nicolas Michel Orsi
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, St. James’s University Hospital, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK; (M.C.); (N.M.O.)
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30
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Jin N, Keam B, Cho J, Lee MJ, Kim HR, Torosyan H, Jura N, Ng PK, Mills GB, Li H, Zeng Y, Barbash Z, Tarcic G, Kang H, Bauman JE, Kim MO, VanLandingham NK, Swaney DL, Krogan NJ, Johnson DE, Grandis JR. Therapeutic implications of activating noncanonical PIK3CA mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:e150335. [PMID: 34779417 PMCID: PMC8592538 DOI: 10.1172/jci150335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpelisib selectively inhibits the p110α catalytic subunit of PI3Kα and is approved for treatment of breast cancers harboring canonical PIK3CA mutations. In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), 63% of PIK3CA mutations occur at canonical hotspots. The oncogenic role of the remaining 37% of PIK3CA noncanonical mutations is incompletely understood. We report a patient with HNSCC with a noncanonical PIK3CA mutation (Q75E) who exhibited a durable (12 months) response to alpelisib in a phase II clinical trial. Characterization of all 32 noncanonical PIK3CA mutations found in HNSCC using several functional and phenotypic assays revealed that the majority (69%) were activating, including Q75E. The oncogenic impact of these mutations was validated in 4 cellular models, demonstrating that their activity was lineage independent. Further, alpelisib exhibited antitumor effects in a xenograft derived from a patient with HNSCC containing an activating noncanonical PIK3CA mutation. Structural analyses revealed plausible mechanisms for the functional phenotypes of the majority of the noncanonical PIK3CA mutations. Collectively, these findings highlight the importance of characterizing the function of noncanonical PIK3CA mutations and suggest that patients with HNSCC whose tumors harbor activating noncanonical PIK3CA mutations may benefit from treatment with PI3Kα inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jin
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Bhumsuk Keam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Janice Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michelle J. Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hye Ryun Kim
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Natalia Jura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute and
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patrick K.S. Ng
- Institute for Personalized Cancer Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gordon B. Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yan Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Hyunseok Kang
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Julie E. Bauman
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Mi-Ok Kim
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and
| | - Nathan K. VanLandingham
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Danielle L. Swaney
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nevan J. Krogan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute (QBI), University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- J. David Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Daniel E. Johnson
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Grandis
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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Xu L, Wang P, Zhang W, Li W, Liu T, Che X. Dual-Specificity Phosphatase 11 Is a Prognostic Biomarker of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2021; 11:757498. [PMID: 34660327 PMCID: PMC8513537 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.757498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), including intrahepatic (iCCA), perihilar (pCCA), and distal (dCCA) CCA, is a highly aggressive malignancy originating from bile duct. The prognosis of CCA is very poor, and the biomarker study is unsatisfactory compared with other common cancers. Materials and methods In our study, we investigated the expression of dual-specificity phosphatase 11(DUSP11) in eight pairs of iCCAs, pCCAs, and dCCAs, and their corresponding tumor-adjacent tissues, as well as their tumor-adjacent tissues with qPCR. Moreover, we investigated the expression of DUSP11 in 174 cases of CCAs with immunohistochemistry, including 74 iCCAs, 64 pCCAs, and 36 dCCAs. We classified these patients into subsets with low and high expressions of DUSP11, and evaluated the correlations between the DUSP11 subsets and clinicopathological factors. With univariate and multivariate analyses, we assessed the correlation between DUSP11 and the overall survival (OS) rates in these CCA patients. Results In all the CCA subtypes, DUSP11 was elevated in CCAs compared with their paired adjacent tissues. In iCCA, pCCA, and dCCA, the percentages of DUSP11 high expression were 44.59%, 53.85%, and 55.56%, respectively. In iCCA, high DUSP11 expression was significantly associated with an advanced T stage and a poor prognosis. However, the prognostic value of DUSP11 in pCCA and dCCA was not significant. To decrease the statistical error caused by the small sample size of the dCCA cohort, we merged pCCA and dCCA into extracellular CCA (eCCA). In the 101 cases of eCCA, DUSP11 expression was also not significantly associated with the prognosis. Conclusions DUSP11 expression was associated with tumor infiltration and the OS rate in iCCA, but not in pCCA and dCCA. DUSP11 was an independent biomarker of iCCA indicating a poor prognosis. Our results suggested that a high expression of DUSP11 was a post-operational risk factor, and detecting DUSP11 could guide the individual treatment for patients with CCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weiran Li
- Department of Oncology Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Oncology Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xu Che
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital & Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Leng J, Li H, Niu Y, Chen K, Yuan X, Chen H, Fu Z, Zhang L, Wang F, Chen C, Héroux P, Yang J, Zhu X, Lu W, Xia D, Wu Y. Low-dose mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate promotes ovarian cancer development through PPARα-dependent PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 790:147990. [PMID: 34380243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and its hydrolysate mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) are major toxicants from plastics, but their association with hormone-dependent cancers has been controversial. We treated the human ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV3 and A2780 with low concentrations of DEHP/MEHP, and found that although no significant effect on cell proliferation was observed, ovarian cancer cell migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were promoted by submicromolar MEHP but not DEHP. Next, ovarian cancer patient data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were obtained and subjected to Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) supported enrichment and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses, which identified PI3K/Akt pathway as a pivotal signaling pathway in ovarian cancer. We found that 500 nM MEHP treatment significantly increased PIK3CA expression, which could be reversed by the knockdown of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα). Silencing PIK3CA significantly suppressed the MEHP-induced migration, invasion and EMT. In addition, we validated that MEHP treatment promoted phosphorylation of Akt and degradation of IκB-α, thereby activating NF-κB and enhancing NF-κB nuclear translocation. In nude mice, MEHP exposure significantly promoted the metastasis of ovarian cancer xenografts, which could be suppressed by the treatment of PPARα inhibitor GW6471. Our findings showed that low-dose MEHP promoted ovarian cancer progression through activating PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway, in a PPARα-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Leng
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongyi Li
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Scientific Research Department, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuequn Niu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kelie Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yuan
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanwen Chen
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqin Fu
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyi Chen
- Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Paul Héroux
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Uterine Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy Research of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinqiang Zhu
- Central Laboratory of the Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
| | - Weiguo Lu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dajing Xia
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihua Wu
- Department of Toxicology of School of Public Health and Department of Gynecologic Oncology of Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Research Unit of Intelligence Classification of Tumor Pathology and Precision Therapy, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU042), Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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Schachter NF, Adams JR, Skowron P, Kozma KJ, Lee CA, Raghuram N, Yang J, Loch AJ, Wang W, Kucharczuk A, Wright KL, Quintana RM, An Y, Dotzko D, Gorman JL, Wojtal D, Shah JS, Leon-Gomez P, Pellecchia G, Dupuy AJ, Perou CM, Ben-Porath I, Karni R, Zacksenhaus E, Woodgett JR, Done SJ, Garzia L, Sorana Morrissy A, Reimand J, Taylor MD, Egan SE. Single allele loss-of-function mutations select and sculpt conditional cooperative networks in breast cancer. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5238. [PMID: 34475389 PMCID: PMC8413298 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25467-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The most common events in breast cancer (BC) involve chromosome arm losses and gains. Here we describe identification of 1089 gene-centric common insertion sites (gCIS) from transposon-based screens in 8 mouse models of BC. Some gCIS are driver-specific, others driver non-specific, and still others associated with tumor histology. Processes affected by driver-specific and histology-specific mutations include well-known cancer pathways. Driver non-specific gCIS target the Mediator complex, Ca++ signaling, Cyclin D turnover, RNA-metabolism among other processes. Most gCIS show single allele disruption and many map to genomic regions showing high-frequency hemizygous loss in human BC. Two gCIS, Nf1 and Trps1, show synthetic haploinsufficient tumor suppressor activity. Many gCIS act on the same pathway responsible for tumor initiation, thereby selecting and sculpting just enough and just right signaling. These data highlight ~1000 genes with predicted conditional haploinsufficient tumor suppressor function and the potential to promote chromosome arm loss in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan F Schachter
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica R Adams
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patryk Skowron
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katelyn J Kozma
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian A Lee
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nandini Raghuram
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Joanna Yang
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda J Loch
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Kucharczuk
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katherine L Wright
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rita M Quintana
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Natera, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yeji An
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Dotzko
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Gorman
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daria Wojtal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Juhi S Shah
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Leon-Gomez
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Giovanna Pellecchia
- The Center for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam J Dupuy
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Charles M Perou
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, Departments of Genetics and Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Ittai Ben-Porath
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rotem Karni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research Israel Canada (IMRIC), Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eldad Zacksenhaus
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jim R Woodgett
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Susan J Done
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Laboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Livia Garzia
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Cancer Research Program, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - A Sorana Morrissy
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Calgary and Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jüri Reimand
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Computational Biology Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Program in Developmental & Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sean E Egan
- Program in Cell Biology, The Peter Gilgan Center for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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The Mechanism of Xiaoyao San in the Treatment of Ovarian Cancer by Network Pharmacology and the Effect of Stigmasterol on the PI3K/Akt Pathway. DISEASE MARKERS 2021; 2021:4304507. [PMID: 34306252 PMCID: PMC8263223 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4304507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This study was aimed at exploring the regulatory mechanism of Xiaoyao San (XYS) and its main compound, Stigmasterol, in the biological network and signaling pathway of ovarian cancer (OC) through network pharmacology-based analyses and experimental validation. Methods The active compounds and targets of XYS were studied by the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP). The GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to screen common targets of XYS in the treatment of OC. Combined with the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.6.0, the core compounds and targets of XYS were obtained. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of core target genes were carried out by using the Metascape and DAVID databases. Molecular docking has been achieved by using the AutoDock Vina program to discuss the interaction of the core targets and compounds of XYS in the treatment of OC. The effect of Stigmasterol on proliferation and migration were assessed by CCK8 and wound healing assay. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to analyze the protein and mRNA expressions of PI3K, Akt, and PTEN after treatment of Stigmasterol. Results A total of 113 common targets of XYS for the treatment of OC were obtained from 975 targets related to OC and 239 targets of XYS's effect. The main compounds of XYS include Quercetin, Naringenin, Isorhamnetin, and Stigmasterol, which mainly regulate the targets such as TP53, Akt1, and MYC and PI3K/Akt, p53, and cell cycle signal pathways. At the same time, molecular docking showed that Stigmasterol and Akt1 had good docking conformation. Stigmasterol inhibited OC cell proliferation and migration in vitro and reduced the protein and mRNA expressions of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusion Stigmasterol as the one of the main compounds of XYS suppresses OC cell activities through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.
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Yum MK, Han S, Fink J, Wu SHS, Dabrowska C, Trendafilova T, Mustata R, Chatzeli L, Azzarelli R, Pshenichnaya I, Lee E, England F, Kim JK, Stange DE, Philpott A, Lee JH, Koo BK, Simons BD. Tracing oncogene-driven remodelling of the intestinal stem cell niche. Nature 2021; 594:442-447. [PMID: 34079126 PMCID: PMC7614896 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03605-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between tumour cells and the surrounding microenvironment contribute to tumour progression, metastasis and recurrence1-3. Although mosaic analyses in Drosophila have advanced our understanding of such interactions4,5, it has been difficult to engineer parallel approaches in vertebrates. Here we present an oncogene-associated, multicolour reporter mouse model-the Red2Onco system-that allows differential tracing of mutant and wild-type cells in the same tissue. By applying this system to the small intestine, we show that oncogene-expressing mutant crypts alter the cellular organization of neighbouring wild-type crypts, thereby driving accelerated clonal drift. Crypts that express oncogenic KRAS or PI3K secrete BMP ligands that suppress local stem cell activity, while changes in PDGFRloCD81+ stromal cells induced by crypts with oncogenic PI3K alter the WNT signalling environment. Together, these results show how oncogene-driven paracrine remodelling creates a niche environment that is detrimental to the maintenance of wild-type tissue, promoting field transformation dominated by oncogenic clones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyu Yum
- Wellcome Trust-Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Seungmin Han
- Wellcome Trust-Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juergen Fink
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Szu-Hsien Sam Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School at the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Catherine Dabrowska
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Teodora Trendafilova
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roxana Mustata
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lemonia Chatzeli
- Wellcome Trust-Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Roberta Azzarelli
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Irina Pshenichnaya
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eunmin Lee
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Frances England
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Daniel E Stange
- Department of Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna Philpott
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Hutchison-MRC Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Joo-Hyeon Lee
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bon-Kyoung Koo
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria.
| | - Benjamin D Simons
- Wellcome Trust-Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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4E-BP2-dependent translation in parvalbumin neurons controls epileptic seizure threshold. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2025522118. [PMID: 33876772 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025522118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) integrates multiple signals to regulate critical cellular processes such as mRNA translation, lipid biogenesis, and autophagy. Germline and somatic mutations in mTOR and genes upstream of mTORC1, such as PTEN, TSC1/2, AKT3, PIK3CA, and components of GATOR1 and KICSTOR complexes, are associated with various epileptic disorders. Increased mTORC1 activity is linked to the pathophysiology of epilepsy in both humans and animal models, and mTORC1 inhibition suppresses epileptogenesis in humans with tuberous sclerosis and animal models with elevated mTORC1 activity. However, the role of mTORC1-dependent translation and the neuronal cell types mediating the effect of enhanced mTORC1 activity in seizures remain unknown. The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) and 2 (4E-BP2) are translational repressors downstream of mTORC1. Here we show that the ablation of 4E-BP2, but not 4E-BP1, in mice increases the sensitivity to pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)- and kainic acid (KA)-induced seizures. We demonstrate that the deletion of 4E-BP2 in inhibitory, but not excitatory neurons, causes an increase in the susceptibility to PTZ-induced seizures. Moreover, mice lacking 4E-BP2 in parvalbumin, but not somatostatin or VIP inhibitory neurons exhibit a lowered threshold for seizure induction and reduced number of parvalbumin neurons. A mouse model harboring a human PIK3CA mutation that enhances the activity of the PI3K-AKT pathway (Pik3ca H1047R-Pvalb ) selectively in parvalbumin neurons shows susceptibility to PTZ-induced seizures. Our data identify 4E-BP2 as a regulator of epileptogenesis and highlight the central role of increased mTORC1-dependent translation in parvalbumin neurons in the pathophysiology of epilepsy.
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Mishra R, Patel H, Alanazi S, Kilroy MK, Garrett JT. PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer: Clinical Implications and Adverse Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3464. [PMID: 33801659 PMCID: PMC8037248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phospatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) pathway is a crucial intracellular signaling pathway which is mutated or amplified in a wide variety of cancers including breast, gastric, ovarian, colorectal, prostate, glioblastoma and endometrial cancers. PI3K signaling plays an important role in cancer cell survival, angiogenesis and metastasis, making it a promising therapeutic target. There are several ongoing and completed clinical trials involving PI3K inhibitors (pan, isoform-specific and dual PI3K/mTOR) with the goal to find efficient PI3K inhibitors that could overcome resistance to current therapies. This review focuses on the current landscape of various PI3K inhibitors either as monotherapy or in combination therapies and the treatment outcomes involved in various phases of clinical trials in different cancer types. There is a discussion of the drug-related toxicities, challenges associated with these PI3K inhibitors and the adverse events leading to treatment failure. In addition, novel PI3K drugs that have potential to be translated in the clinic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Joan T. Garrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0514, USA; (R.M.); (H.P.); (S.A.); (M.K.K.)
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Mei J, Tian H, Huang HS, Hsu CF, Liou Y, Wu N, Zhang W, Chu TY. Cellular models of development of ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma: A review of cell of origin and mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13029. [PMID: 33768671 PMCID: PMC8088460 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
High-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) is the most common and malignant histological type of epithelial ovarian cancer, the origin of which remains controversial. Currently, the secretory epithelial cells of the fallopian tube are regarded as the main origin and the ovarian surface epithelial cells as a minor origin. In tubal epithelium, these cells acquire TP53 mutations and expand to a morphologically normal 'p53 signature' lesion, transform to serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma and metastasize to the ovaries and peritoneum where they develop into HGSC. This shifting paradigm of the main cell of origin has revolutionarily changed the focus of HGSC research. Various cell lines have been derived from the two cellular origins by acquiring immortalization via overexpression of hTERT plus disruption of TP53 and the CDK4/RB pathway. Malignant transformation was achieved by adding canonical driver mutations (such as gain of CCNE1) revealed by The Cancer Genome Atlas or by noncanonical gain of YAP and miR181a. Alternatively, because of the extreme chromosomal instability, spontaneous transformation can be achieved by long passage of murine immortalized cells, whereas in humans, it requires ovulatory follicular fluid, containing regenerating growth factors to facilitate spontaneous transformation. These artificially and spontaneously transformed cell systems in both humans and mice have been widely used to discover carcinogens, oncogenic pathways and malignant behaviours in the development of HGSC. Here, we review the origin, aetiology and carcinogenic mechanism of HGSC and comprehensively summarize the cell models used to study this fatal cancer having multiple cells of origin and overt genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Huixiang Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hsuan-Shun Huang
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Che-Fang Hsu
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuligh Liou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Hunan Cancer Hospital, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Engineering Research Center of Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics, Ministry of Education, Changsha, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, China
| | - Tang-Yuan Chu
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Life Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC
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Organismal roles for the PI3Kα and β isoforms: their specificity, redundancy or cooperation is context-dependent. Biochem J 2021; 478:1199-1225. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PI3Ks are important lipid kinases that produce phosphoinositides phosphorylated in position 3 of the inositol ring. There are three classes of PI3Ks: class I PI3Ks produce PIP3 at plasma membrane level. Although D. melanogaster and C. elegans have only one form of class I PI3K, vertebrates have four class I PI3Ks called isoforms despite being encoded by four different genes. Hence, duplication of these genes coincides with the acquisition of coordinated multi-organ development. Of the class I PI3Ks, PI3Kα and PI3Kβ, encoded by PIK3CA and PIK3CB, are ubiquitously expressed. They present similar putative protein domains and share PI(4,5)P2 lipid substrate specificity. Fifteen years after publication of their first isoform-selective pharmacological inhibitors and genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) that mimic their complete and specific pharmacological inhibition, we review the knowledge gathered in relation to the redundant and selective roles of PI3Kα and PI3Kβ. Recent data suggest that, further to their redundancy, they cooperate for the integration of organ-specific and context-specific signal cues, to orchestrate organ development, physiology, and disease. This knowledge reinforces the importance of isoform-selective inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the leading cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality in the developed world. EOC is a heterogeneous disease represented by several histological and molecular subtypes. Therefore, exploration of relevant preclinical animal models that consider the heterogenic nature of EOC is of great importance for the development of novel therapeutic strategies that can be translated clinically to combat this devastating disease. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the development of preclinical mouse models for EOC study as well as their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Karakashev
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ru-Gang Zhang
- Immunology, Microenvironment & Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. E-mail:
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Mukherjee R, Vanaja KG, Boyer JA, Gadal S, Solomon H, Chandarlapaty S, Levchenko A, Rosen N. Regulation of PTEN translation by PI3K signaling maintains pathway homeostasis. Mol Cell 2021; 81:708-723.e5. [PMID: 33606974 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K pathway regulates cell metabolism, proliferation, and migration, and its dysregulation is common in cancer. We now show that both physiologic and oncogenic activation of PI3K signaling increase the expression of its negative regulator PTEN. This limits the duration of the signal and output of the pathway. Physiologic and pharmacologic inhibition of the pathway reduces PTEN and contributes to the rebound in pathway activity in tumors treated with PI3K inhibitors and limits their efficacy. Regulation of PTEN is due to mTOR/4E-BP1-dependent control of its translation and is lost when 4E-BP1 is deleted. Translational regulation of PTEN is therefore a major homeostatic regulator of physiologic PI3K signaling and plays a role in reducing the pathway activation by oncogenic PIK3CA mutants and the antitumor activity of PI3K pathway inhibitors. However, pathway output is hyperactivated in tumor cells with coexistent PI3K mutation and loss of PTEN function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radha Mukherjee
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kiran G Vanaja
- Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, Orange, CT 06477, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Jacob A Boyer
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sunyana Gadal
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hilla Solomon
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andre Levchenko
- Yale Systems Biology Institute, Yale University, Orange, CT 06477, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | - Neal Rosen
- Program in Molecular Pharmacology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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Dasgupta K, Lessard S, Hann S, Fowler ME, Robling AG, Warman ML. Sensitive detection of Cre-mediated recombination using droplet digital PCR reveals Tg(BGLAP-Cre) and Tg(DMP1-Cre) are active in multiple non-skeletal tissues. Bone 2021; 142:115674. [PMID: 33031974 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2020.115674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In humans, somatic activating mutations in PIK3CA are associated with skeletal overgrowth. In order to determine if activated PI3K signaling in bone cells causes overgrowth, we used Tg(BGLAP-Cre) and Tg(DMP1-Cre) mouse strains to somatically activate a disease-causing conditional Pik3ca allele (Pik3caH1047R) in osteoblasts and osteocytes. We observed Tg(BGLAP-Cre);Pik3caH1047R/+ offspring were born at the expected Mendelian frequency. However, these mice developed cutaneous lymphatic malformations and died before 7 weeks of age. In contrast, Tg(DMP1-Cre);Pik3caH1047R/+ offspring survived and had no cutaneous lymphatic malformations. Assuming that Cre-activity outside of the skeletal system accounted for the difference in phenotype between Tg(BGLAP-Cre);Pik3caH1047R/+ and Tg(DMP1-Cre);Pik3caH1047R/+ mice, we developed sensitive and specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays to search for and quantify rates of Tg(BGLAP-Cre)- and Tg(DMP1-Cre)-mediated recombination in non-skeletal tissues. We observed Tg(BGLAP-Cre)-mediated recombination in several tissues including skin, muscle, artery, and brain; two CNS locations, hippocampus and cerebellum, exhibited Cre-mediated recombination in >5% of cells. Tg(DMP1-Cre)-mediated recombination was also observed in muscle, artery, and brain. Although we cannot preclude that differences in phenotype between mice with Tg(BGLAP-Cre)- and Tg(DMP1-Cre)-mediated PIK3CA activation are due to Cre-recombination being induced at different stages of osteoblast differentiation, differences in recombination at non-skeletal sites are the more likely explanation. Since unanticipated sites of recombination can affect the interpretation of data from experiments involving conditional alleles, we recommend ddPCR as a good first step for assessing efficiency, leakiness, and off-targeting in experiments that employ Cre-mediated or Flp-mediated recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnakali Dasgupta
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Samantha Lessard
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Steven Hann
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Megan E Fowler
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Alexander G Robling
- Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States of America
| | - Matthew L Warman
- Orthopedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America.
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Wang S, Gao J, Li Q, Ming W, Fu Y, Song L, Qin J. Study on the regulatory mechanism and experimental verification of icariin for the treatment of ovarian cancer based on network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 262:113189. [PMID: 32736044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herba Epimedii (Berberidaceae) has the advantages of "nourishing the kidney and reinforcing the Yang". Many species in this genus have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and have been used as anticancer drugs in traditional Chinese herbal medicine formulations. Icariin, a major flavonoid glycoside extracted from Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, has been widely proven to exert an inhibitory effect on ovarian cancer (OC), and icariin can induce apoptosis and inhibit invasion and migration. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, so further research is necessary to verify its traditional use. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to explore the regulatory mechanism of icariin in the biological network and signalling pathway of OC through network pharmacology and cytological experiments. METHODS Public databases and R × 3.6.2 software were adopted to predict the potential targets, construct the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and perform Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses. After the network pharmacological analysis, cytological experiments, real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot (WB) analyses were used to verify the key signalling pathway. RESULTS The targets related to treatment were TNF, MMP9, STAT3, PIK3CA, ERBB2, MTOR, IL2, PTGS2, KDR, and F2. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses indicated that various kinases and the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway were the most enriched molecules and pathways. Icariin inhibited OC SKOV3 cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and promoted apoptosis by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. CONCLUSION Icariin promotes apoptosis and suppresses SKOV3 cell activities through the PI3K-Akt signalling pathway. This research not only provides a theoretical and experimental basis for more in-depth studies but also offers an efficient method for the rational utilization of a series of icariin flavonoids as anti-tumour drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Qingyu Li
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | | | - Yanjin Fu
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | | | - Jiajia Qin
- Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Castel P, Rauen KA, McCormick F. The duality of human oncoproteins: drivers of cancer and congenital disorders. Nat Rev Cancer 2020; 20:383-397. [PMID: 32341551 PMCID: PMC7787056 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-020-0256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Human oncoproteins promote transformation of cells into tumours by dysregulating the signalling pathways that are involved in cell growth, proliferation and death. Although oncoproteins were discovered many years ago and have been widely studied in the context of cancer, the recent use of high-throughput sequencing techniques has led to the identification of cancer-associated mutations in other conditions, including many congenital disorders. These syndromes offer an opportunity to study oncoprotein signalling and its biology in the absence of additional driver or passenger mutations, as a result of their monogenic nature. Moreover, their expression in multiple tissue lineages provides insight into the biology of the proto-oncoprotein at the physiological level, in both transformed and unaffected tissues. Given the recent paradigm shift in regard to how oncoproteins promote transformation, we review the fundamentals of genetics, signalling and pathogenesis underlying oncoprotein duality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Castel
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Katherine A Rauen
- MIND Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Frank McCormick
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Wu Y, Xia L, Guo Q, Zhu J, Deng Y, Wu X. Identification of Chemoresistance-Associated Key Genes and Pathways in High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer by Bioinformatics Analyses. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5213-5223. [PMID: 32636682 PMCID: PMC7335306 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s251622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies. This is mainly attributed to its high rates of chemoresistance. To date, few studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance to treatment in ovarian cancer patients. In this study, we aimed to explore these molecular mechanisms using bioinformatics analysis. Methods We analyzed microarray data set GSE51373, which included 16 platinum-sensitive HGSOC samples and 12 platinum-resistant control samples. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using RStudio. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID, and a DEG-associated protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using STRING. Hub genes in the PPI network were identified, and the prognostic value of the top ten hub genes was evaluated. MGP, one of the hub genes, was verified by immunohistochemistry. Results All samples were confirmed to be of high quality. A total of 109 DEGs were identified, and the top ten enriched GO terms and four KEGG pathways were obtained. Specifically, the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and the Rap1 signaling pathway were identified as having significant roles in chemoresistance in HGSOC. Furthermore, based on the PPI network, KIT, FOXM1, FGF2, HIST1H4D, ZFPM2, IFIT2, CCNO, MGP, RHOBTB3, and CDC7 were identified as hub genes. Five of these hub genes could predict the prognosis of HGSOC patients. Positive immunostaining signals for MGP were observed in the chemoresistant samples. Conclusion Taken together, the findings of this study may provide novel insights into HGSOC chemoresistance and identify important therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingfang Xia
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinhao Guo
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Martinez-Corral I, Zhang Y, Petkova M, Ortsäter H, Sjöberg S, Castillo SD, Brouillard P, Libbrecht L, Saur D, Graupera M, Alitalo K, Boon L, Vikkula M, Mäkinen T. Blockade of VEGF-C signaling inhibits lymphatic malformations driven by oncogenic PIK3CA mutation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2869. [PMID: 32513927 PMCID: PMC7280302 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16496-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are debilitating vascular anomalies presenting with large cysts (macrocystic) or lesions that infiltrate tissues (microcystic). Cellular mechanisms underlying LM pathology are poorly understood. Here we show that the somatic PIK3CAH1047R mutation, resulting in constitutive activation of the p110α PI3K, underlies both macrocystic and microcystic LMs in human. Using a mouse model of PIK3CAH1047R-driven LM, we demonstrate that both types of malformations arise due to lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-autonomous defects, with the developmental timing of p110α activation determining the LM subtype. In the postnatal vasculature, PIK3CAH1047R promotes LEC migration and lymphatic hypersprouting, leading to microcystic LMs that grow progressively in a vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C)-dependent manner. Combined inhibition of VEGF-C and the PI3K downstream target mTOR using Rapamycin, but neither treatment alone, promotes regression of lesions. The best therapeutic outcome for LM is thus achieved by co-inhibition of the upstream VEGF-C/VEGFR3 and the downstream PI3K/mTOR pathways. Lymphatic malformation (LM) is a debilitating often incurable vascular disease. Using a mouse model of LM driven by a disease-causative PIK3CA mutation, the authors show that vascular growth is dependent on the upstream lymphangiogenic VEGF-C signalling, permitting effective therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Martinez-Corral
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yan Zhang
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Milena Petkova
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Ortsäter
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sofie Sjöberg
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sandra D Castillo
- Vascular Signaling Laboratory, Institut d´Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pascal Brouillard
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Louis Libbrecht
- Center for Vascular Anomalies, Division of Pathology, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, University of Louvain, 10 avenue Hippocrate, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dieter Saur
- Department of Internal Medicine 2, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaningerstr. 22, 81675, München, Germany
| | - Mariona Graupera
- Vascular Signaling Laboratory, Institut d´Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), 08908L´Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Kari Alitalo
- Wihuri Research Institute and Translational Cancer Biology Program, Biomedicum Helsinki, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Laurence Boon
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Vascular Anomalies, Division of Plastic Surgery, Cliniques universitaires Saint Luc, University of Louvain, 10 avenue Hippocrate, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miikka Vikkula
- Human Molecular Genetics, de Duve Institute, University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.,Walloon Excellence in Lifesciences and Biotechnology (WELBIO), University of Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Taija Mäkinen
- Uppsala University, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Dag Hammarskjölds väg 20, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden.
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García-Carracedo D, Cai Y, Qiu W, Saeki K, Friedman RA, Lee A, Li Y, Goldberg EM, Stratikopoulos EE, Parsons R, Lu C, Efstratiadis A, Philipone EM, Yoon AJ, Su GH. PIK3CA and p53 Mutations Promote 4NQO-Initated Head and Neck Tumor Progression and Metastasis in Mice. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:822-834. [PMID: 32152233 PMCID: PMC7272268 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The PI3K signaling pathway is frequently mutated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), often via gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the PIK3CA gene. Here, we present novel genetically engineered mouse models (GEMM) carrying a GOF allele Loxp-STOP-Loxp(LSL)-PIK3CAH1047R (E20) alone or in combination with heterozygous LSL-p53+/R172H (p53) mutation with tissue-specific expression to interrogate the role of oncogenic PIK3CA in transformation of upper aerodigestive track epithelium. We demonstrated that the GOF PIK3CA mutation promoted progression of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in both E20 single mutant and E20/p53 double mutant mice, with frequent distal metastasis detected only in E20/p53 GEMM. Similar to in human OSCC, loss of p16 was associated with progression of OSCC in these mice. RNA-seq analyses revealed that among the common genes differentially expressed in primary OSCC cell lines derived from E20, p53, and E20/p53 GEMMs compared with those from the wild-type mice, genes associated with proliferation and cell cycle were predominantly represented, which is consistent with the progressive loss of p16 detected in these GEMMs. Importantly, all of these OSCC primary cell lines exhibited enhanced sensitivity to BYL719 and cisplatin combination treatment in comparison with cisplatin alone in vitro and in vivo, regardless of p53 and/or p16 status. Given the prevalence of mutations in p53 and the PI3K pathways in HNSCC in conjunction with loss of p16 genetically or epigenetically, this universal increased sensitivity to cisplatin and BYL719 combination therapy in cancer cells with PIK3CA mutation represents an opportunity to a subset of patients with HNSCC. IMPLICATIONS: Our results suggest that combination therapy of cisplatin and PI3K inhibitor may be worthy of consideration in patients with HNSCC with PIK3CA mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darío García-Carracedo
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yi Cai
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Wanglong Qiu
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Kiyoshi Saeki
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard A Friedman
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Andrew Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yinglu Li
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elizabeth M Goldberg
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Elias E Stratikopoulos
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Ramon Parsons
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Elizabeth M Philipone
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Angela J Yoon
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Gloria H Su
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
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48
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Gorelick AN, Sánchez-Rivera FJ, Cai Y, Bielski CM, Biederstedt E, Jonsson P, Richards AL, Vasan N, Penson AV, Friedman ND, Ho YJ, Baslan T, Bandlamudi C, Scaltriti M, Schultz N, Lowe SW, Reznik E, Taylor BS. Phase and context shape the function of composite oncogenic mutations. Nature 2020; 582:100-103. [PMID: 32461694 PMCID: PMC7294994 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancers develop as a result of driver mutations1,2 that lead to clonal outgrowth and the evolution of disease3,4. The discovery and functional characterization of individual driver mutations are central aims of cancer research, and have elucidated myriad phenotypes5 and therapeutic vulnerabilities6. However, the serial genetic evolution of mutant cancer genes7,8 and the allelic context in which they arise is poorly understood in both common and rare cancer genes and tumour types. Here we find that nearly one in four human tumours contains a composite mutation of a cancer-associated gene, defined as two or more nonsynonymous somatic mutations in the same gene and tumour. Composite mutations are enriched in specific genes, have an elevated rate of use of less-common hotspot mutations acquired in a chronology driven in part by oncogenic fitness, and arise in an allelic configuration that reflects context-specific selective pressures. cis-acting composite mutations are hypermorphic in some genes in which dosage effects predominate (such as TERT), whereas they lead to selection of function in other genes (such as TP53). Collectively, composite mutations are driver alterations that arise from context- and allele-specific selective pressures that are dependent in part on gene and mutation function, and which lead to complex-often neomorphic-functions of biological and therapeutic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander N Gorelick
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Yanyan Cai
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Craig M Bielski
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Evan Biederstedt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Philip Jonsson
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Allison L Richards
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neil Vasan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander V Penson
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noah D Friedman
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Ho
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timour Baslan
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chaitanya Bandlamudi
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nikolaus Schultz
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Scott W Lowe
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ed Reznik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Barry S Taylor
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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49
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Vasan N, Razavi P, Johnson JL, Shao H, Shah H, Antoine A, Ladewig E, Gorelick A, Lin TY, Toska E, Xu G, Kazmi A, Chang MT, Taylor BS, Dickler MN, Jhaveri K, Chandarlapaty S, Rabadan R, Reznik E, Smith ML, Sebra R, Schimmoller F, Wilson TR, Friedman LS, Cantley LC, Scaltriti M, Baselga J. Double PIK3CA mutations in cis increase oncogenicity and sensitivity to PI3Kα inhibitors. Science 2020; 366:714-723. [PMID: 31699932 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw9032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Activating mutations in PIK3CA are frequent in human breast cancer, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha (PI3Kα) inhibitors have been approved for therapy. To characterize determinants of sensitivity to these agents, we analyzed PIK3CA-mutant cancer genomes and observed the presence of multiple PIK3CA mutations in 12 to 15% of breast cancers and other tumor types, most of which (95%) are double mutations. Double PIK3CA mutations are in cis on the same allele and result in increased PI3K activity, enhanced downstream signaling, increased cell proliferation, and tumor growth. The biochemical mechanisms of dual mutations include increased disruption of p110α binding to the inhibitory subunit p85α, which relieves its catalytic inhibition, and increased p110α membrane lipid binding. Double PIK3CA mutations predict increased sensitivity to PI3Kα inhibitors compared with single-hotspot mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Vasan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedram Razavi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jared L Johnson
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hong Shao
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hardik Shah
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alesia Antoine
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erik Ladewig
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Gorelick
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ting-Yu Lin
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eneda Toska
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guotai Xu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abiha Kazmi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Barry S Taylor
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maura N Dickler
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Komal Jhaveri
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sarat Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raul Rabadan
- Departments of Systems Biology and Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ed Reznik
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Melissa L Smith
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert Sebra
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Icahn Institute for Data Science and Genomic Technology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maurizio Scaltriti
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - José Baselga
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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50
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Ying Z, Beronja S. Embryonic Barcoding of Equipotent Mammary Progenitors Functionally Identifies Breast Cancer Drivers. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:403-419.e4. [PMID: 32059806 PMCID: PMC7104873 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Identification of clinically relevant drivers of breast cancers in intact mammary epithelium is critical for understanding tumorigenesis yet has proven challenging. Here, we show that intra-amniotic lentiviral injection can efficiently transduce progenitor cells of the adult mammary gland and use that as a platform to functionally screen over 500 genetic lesions for functional roles in tumor formation. Targeted progenitors establish long-term clones of both luminal and myoepithelial lineages in adult animals, and via lineage tracing with stable barcodes, we found that each mouse mammary gland is generated from a defined number of ∼120 early progenitor cells that expand uniformly with equal growth potential. We then designed an in vivo screen to test genetic interactions in breast cancer and identified candidates that drove not only tumor formation but also molecular subtypes. Thus, this methodology enables rapid and high-throughput cancer driver discovery in mammary epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Ying
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Slobodan Beronja
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
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