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Jyothi Meka N, Ugrappa S, Velpula N, Kumar S, Naik Maloth K, Kodangal S, Ch L, Goyal S. Quantitative Immunoexpression of EGFR in Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: Oral Leukoplakia and Oral Submucous Fibrosis. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2015; 9:166-74. [PMID: 26697149 PMCID: PMC4682013 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2015.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims. Many oral squamous cell carcinomas develop from potentially malignant disorders (PMDs)which include a variety of lesions and conditions characterized by an increased risk for malignant transformation. Thisstudy evaluated the quantitative expression of EGFR in normal oral mucosa, oral leukoplakia and oral submucous fibrosis to predict the malignant risk in compliance with the intensity of staining with EGFR. Materials and methods. Thirty subjects were included in the study, consisting of 10 oral leukoplakia (OL), 10 oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and 10 normal oral mucosa (NOM) as the control group. Owing to the histopathological confirmation of precancerous state of tissue, 4-μm-thick sections of tissue were taken from paraffin-embedded wax blocks for immunohistochemical staining for EGFR. Results. All the control cases showed positive expression for EGFR, while 20% of oral leukoplakia and 40% of OSMF cases showed strong expression (3+), 40% of OL and 30% of OSMF cases showed weak expression (2+), and 40% of OLand 30% of OSMF cases showed poor expression (1+) compared to controls (P=0.012). Conclusion. EGFR expression levels in the premalignant lesion appear to be a sensitive factor in predicting the neoplastic potential. This suggests that EGFR may serve as a biological marker to identify high-risk subgroups and guide prophylactic therapy with chemopreventive drugs or surgical intervention to prevent progression to carcinoma. Hence, further investigations in the direction of chemopreventive trials with a larger sample size are suggested to determine its role in the head and neck tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naga Jyothi Meka
- Senior lecturer, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Aditya dental college, India
| | - Sridevi Ugrappa
- Lecturer, faculty of dentistry, Aimst Dental Institute, Aimst University, Semeling, 08100, Bedong, Malaysia
| | - Nagalaxmi Velpula
- Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, India
| | - Sravan Kumar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, India
| | - Kotya Naik Maloth
- Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Mamata Dental College, India
| | - Srikanth Kodangal
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, India
| | - Lalitha Ch
- Assistant professor, department of oral medicine and radiology, Sri Sai College of dental surgery, India
| | - Stuti Goyal
- Assistant professor, department of oral medicine and radiology, Sri Sai College of dental surgery, India
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HER2/neu: an increasingly important therapeutic target. Part 2: Distribution of HER2/neu overexpression and gene amplification by organ, tumor site and histology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4155/cli.14.62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sardari Y, Pardis S, Tadbir AA, Ashraf MJ, Fattahi MJ, Ebrahimi H, Purshahidi S, Khademi B, Hamzavi M. HER2/neu Expression in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients is not Significantly Elevated. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:2891-6. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.6.2891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Bussu F, Ranelletti FO, Gessi M, Graziani C, Lanza P, Lauriola L, Paludetti G, Almadori G. Immunohistochemical expression patterns of the HER4 receptors in normal mucosa and in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas: Antioncogenic significance of the HER4 protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2012; 122:1724-33. [DOI: 10.1002/lary.23311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Prognostic significance and clinical relevance of the expression of the HER family of type I receptor tyrosine kinases in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Eur J Cancer 2010; 46:1144-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2010.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 12/24/2009] [Accepted: 01/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Her-2 immunohistochemical expression in oral squamous cell carcinomas is associated with polysomy of chromosome 17, not Her-2 amplification. Head Neck Pathol 2009; 3:263-70. [PMID: 20596843 PMCID: PMC2811573 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-009-0134-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2009] [Accepted: 07/27/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Based on the prognostic role of Her-2 amplification and protein overexpression in breast cancer, various studies have been performed in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) with inconsistent results. As in invasive breast carcinomas Her-2 overexpression has been related to an increased number of chromosome 17 copies, a common chromosomal alteration in OSCC, we evaluated the association between polysomy 17 and Her-2 protein expression in a series of primary OSCC. Forty-one incisional biopsies of primary OSCC were included in the study. Protein expression was evaluated immunochistochemically with CB11 mouse monoclonal anti-human antibody. The reaction was arbitrarily characterized as absent, faint, moderate, and strong, and staining pattern as cytoplasmic and membranous. Positive cases were analyzed by chromogenic in situ hybridisation (CISH) to access Her-2 status. The association between polysomy 17 and Her-2 expression was checked by Fisher's exact test. Four cases were negative and 37 cases were positive for Her-2. Staining was faint in 15 cases and moderate in 22 cases. CISH showed that all cases with faint staining were diploid, while from the cases with moderate staining 10 were diploid and 12 polysomic for chromosome 17. Thirteen cases showed purely cytoplasmic staining, while in 24 there were areas of both cytoplasmic and membranous staining. There was a statistically significant correlation between intensity of the reaction and polysomy 17 (P = 0.0036), in particular for cases with both cytoplasmic and membranous staining (P = 0.0128). In some OSCC Her-2 immunohistochemical expression may be associated with chromosome 17 polysomy and not Her-2 amplification.
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Angiero F, Sordo RD, Dessy E, Rossi E, Berenzi A, Stefani M, Sidoni A. Comparative analysis of c-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue: does over-expression exist? And what is its correlation with traditional diagnostic parameters? J Oral Pathol Med 2007; 37:145-50. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00603.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Weed DT, Gomez-Fernandez C, Yasin M, Hamilton-Nelson K, Rodriguez M, Zhang J, Carraway KL. MUC4 and ErbB2 expression in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: correlation with clinical outcomes. Laryngoscope 2004; 114:1-32. [PMID: 15284539 DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200408001-00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Expression of the membrane mucin MUC4 has been associated with a variety of malignancies, including squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. MUC4 modulates cell signaling pathways as an intramembrane ligand of ErbB2. The hypotheses of the study were that MUC4 expression would correlate with ErbB2 expression and that MUC4 expression would correlate with clinical outcomes in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective chart review was combined with immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded tumor specimens from patients treated with initial definitive surgical resection at an academic tertiary care medical center. METHODS MUC4 and ErbB2 receptor expression was localized by immunohistochemical studies using archival formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. A limited number of fresh-frozen tissues were further analyzed by Western blot. Clinical outcomes and histopathological parameters were determined by retrospective chart review and correlated with immunohistochemical findings. RESULTS One hundred fifty-four patients were analyzed with a median follow-up of 12 months among 54 patients who died and 49 months among 100 surviving patients. Membrane expression of MUC4 and ErbB2 was seen in 12% and 13% of tumors, respectively. MUC4 expression was not correlated with pathological grade. A significant correlation was found between MUC4 expression and ErbB2 expression. Multivariate survival analyses revealed that patients whose tumors exhibited MUC4 membrane expression had statistically significant improvement in survival and longer time to recurrence compared with patients whose tumors did not express MUC4 as defined by immunohistochemical staining patterns. No correlations between ErbB2 expression and survival or recurrence were observed. CONCLUSION Patients with tumors that retain MUC4 expression exhibit improved survival and decreased recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract. Correlations between MUC4 expression patterns and ErbB2 expression are also observed, suggesting that MUC4-ErbB2 mediated cell signaling pathways may provide insights into this clinical result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald T Weed
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
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Ulanovski D, Stern Y, Roizman P, Shpitzer T, Popovtzer A, Feinmesser R. Expression of EGFR and Cerb-B2 as prognostic factors in cancer of the tongue. Oral Oncol 2004; 40:532-7. [PMID: 15006627 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2003.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2003] [Accepted: 11/10/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is sometimes associated with local recurrence and regional metastases despite adequate surgical excision. The present study sought to determine if epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Cerb-B2 expression has prognostic or predictive value in SCC of the tongue, as with other epithelial malignancies. The study sample comprised of 27 patients with carcinoma of the tongue who underwent partial glossectomy and neck dissection between 1990 and 1999. Average follow-up was 54 months. Specimens from 23 patients were analyzed for growth factor expression using monoclonal antibodies specific for EGFR and Cerb-B2. Findings were correlated with the clinical course. EGFR and Cerb-B2 were expressed in 34% and 17% of the specimens, respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between EGFR expression and tumor differentiation, and a borderline correlation between Cerb-B2 expression and T stage. No association was found between growth factor expression and tumor depth, lymph node status, extracapsular invasion, recurrence, or survival. Overexpression of EGFR and Cerb-B2 cannot serve as a prognostic factor or predictor of survival and treatment success in SCC of the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Ulanovski
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petah Tiqva 49100, Israel
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Xu YP, Zhao XQ, Sommer K, Moubayed P. Correlation of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -9, tissue inhibitor-1 of matrix metalloproteinase and CD44 variant 6 in head and neck cancer metastasis. JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY. SCIENCE 2003; 4:491-501. [PMID: 12861629 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2003.0491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism in tumor invasion and metastasis. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, -9 (MMP-2, MMP-9), tissue inhibitor-1 of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), cell adhesion molecule 44 variant 6 (CD44v6), HER2/neu and p53 was investigated in 154 patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by ABC and ImmunoMax immunohistochemical method. Their clinical relevance and correlation were analysed. The expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, CD44v6, HER2/neu and p53 was found in cancer cells in 87.01%, 85.71%, 68.18%, 98.05%, 55.19% and 50.65% cases respectively. Linear regression and correlation analysis revealed that there was close positive relationship (P<0.05) between the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, TIMP-1 and CD44v6, HER2/neu and MMP-9, MMP-2 and p53. Up-regulation of MMP-2 was accompanied by advanced T stage (P<0.01). There was also a trend of MMP-2 expression being related with tumor metastasis. Increased expression of HER2/neu was found in patients with tumor recurrence(P<0.05). The expression of TIMP-1 was higher in laryngeal cancer than that in pharyngeal cancer, and higher in keratinizing and non-keratinizing SCC than that in basaloid SCC(P<0.05). These findings suggested that MMP-2 and MMP-9, HER2/neu and MMP-9, MMP-2 and p53 had a coordinate function in aggression of tumor; that MMP-2 had a more important function than MMP-9 in tumor invasion and metastasis; and that HER2/neu might serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Xu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China.
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Yan J, Fang Y, Huang BJ, Liang QW, Wu QL, Zeng YX. Absence of evidence for HER2 amplification in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2002; 132:116-9. [PMID: 11850071 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(01)00542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
HER2 (c-erbB-2) has been suggested to be a prognostic factor in a variety of human cancers including breast, gastric and ovarian cancers. This study is therefore designed to identify changes of HER2 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), an epithelia-derived malignancy with strong racial and geographic distribution. Interphase FISH and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were used to analyze the gene copy number and protein expression of HER2 in 45 cases of NPC from Guangzhou, Southern China, an area with the highest incidence of NPC in the world. Our results, however, found no significant alterations in gene copy number for HER2, although IHC staining detected expression of HER2 oncoprotein in 33% of the 45 NPC tumors. No correlation was observed between HER2 expression and sex, age and clinical outcome of the patients, T stage, lymph node status, site and histopathological grading of the tumors. These results cast doubt on the value of HER2 as a prognostic factor for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yan
- Cancer Institute, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, 651 Dongfeng Road East, 510060, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Yazici H, Altun M, Alatli C, Dogan O, Dalay N. c-erbB-2 gene amplification in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Invest 2000; 18:6-10. [PMID: 10701361 DOI: 10.3109/07357900009023056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Amplification of the c-erbB-2 gene has been associated with poor prognosis in different types of cancer. However, there are no data on the c-erbB-2 expression levels in nasopharyngeal cancer. In this study, amplification of the gene has been investigated in the tumor tissue of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer by competitive polymerase chain reaction c-erbB-2 amplification was observed in 43.3% of the patients. The increase in the gene copy number correlated with the T stage. No correlation was found with lymph node involvement, histologic grade, differentiation, presence of metastases, or age and sex. We conclude that c-erbB-2 amplification may contribute to the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal cancer. Our report is the first study investigating the expression of the c-erbB-2 gene in nasopharyngeal cancer at the DNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yazici
- Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Turkey
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Abstract
Tumour progression is strongly associated with a series of specific genetic changes in protooncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. One of the potential factors involved in tumorogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas is protooncogene c-erbB-2 (also known as neu or HER2). The authors analysed the expression of c-erbB-2 oncoprotein in 154 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and its relationship to the clinical outcome of the patients. The difference in c-erbB-2 oncoprotein expression between the control group and cancer patients was on the statistical borderline (p = 0.0470). There was no significant correlation between c-erbB-2 expression and sex and age of the patients. T stage, lymph node status, site and histopathological grading of the tumour and clinical outcome of the patients. Univariate analysis revealed no correlation between c-erbB-2 expression and survival rates. We conclude that immunohistological examination of c-erbB-2 on paraffin section is not a valuable prognostic factor in laryngeal carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Krecicki
- Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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