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Wallis C, Solmi F, Pesci I, Desforges N, Holcombe LJ. Development of Yorkshire Terrier Dentition. Vet Sci 2023; 10:406. [PMID: 37505812 PMCID: PMC10384937 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of dentition in dogs has been associated with several problems including tooth over-crowding, missing permanent dentition, and persistent deciduous teeth (PDT). Information on dentition development in different breeds is lacking. This study of 61 Yorkshire terriers aimed to determine the (i) average age at deciduous tooth exfoliation, (ii) average age at permanent tooth eruption, (iii) PDT incidence, and influencing factors such as body weight. The ages of exfoliation of deciduous teeth and eruption of permanent dentition were influenced by body weight and tooth type. These dentition changes tended to occur later in dogs ≤ 3 kg versus dogs > 5 kg. Generally, incisors were exfoliated first, followed by premolars and then canines. At a body weight of 4.5 kg, the middle of the data range, the estimated age at loss of deciduous teeth (with 95% confidence intervals) was 21.9 (21.1, 22.9) weeks for incisors, 26.1 (24.9, 27.4) weeks for canines, and 23.9 (22.9, 24.9) weeks for premolar. The estimated age at eruption of permanent dentition was 22.3 (21.6, 23.0) weeks for incisors, 23.8 (23.0, 24.6) weeks for canines, 24.7 (24.0, 25.5) weeks for premolars, and 26.4 (25.5, 27.3) for molar teeth. However, this sequence was disrupted in dogs ≤ 3 kg. Yorkshire terriers had a high incidence of PDT. At a body weight of 4.5 kg, the estimated proportion of PDT was: incisors 0.86% (0.32, 2.31), canines 15.62% (7.62, 29.37) and premolars 3.57% (1.62, 7.66). Canines constituted the most frequently retained tooth type, with 89.1% retained in dogs ≤ 3 kg compared to 12.0% in dogs > 5 kg. This information will enable veterinarians to provide personalised advice regarding the oral care requirements for Yorkshire terriers and highlights the need to regularly monitor this breed between the ages of two and seven months, during the active phases of tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrin Wallis
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
| | - Francesca Solmi
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-Biostat), Data Science, Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ilaria Pesci
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
| | - Neil Desforges
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
| | - Lucy J Holcombe
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
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Çoban B, Kansu L, Dolgun A. Türkiye’nin güneyinde yaşayan çocuklarda süt dişlerinin erüpsiyon zamanı ve sekansı. ACTA MEDICA ALANYA 2018. [DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.432277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Verma N, Bansal A, Tyagi P, Jain A, Tiwari U, Gupta R. Eruption Chronology in Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017; 10:278-282. [PMID: 29104389 PMCID: PMC5661043 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims and objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the appropriate reference standard for eruption timing of primary teeth in infants and preschool children of Bhopal city and to determine the role of various factors affecting the eruption of primary dentition. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among the infants and preschool children (4-36 months) attending the local government or private hospitals, and vaccination centers. Prior to the study, Institutional Ethical Committee clearance and informed written consent from the parents were obtained. The data were collected from full-term infants and preschool children of 4 to 36 months from Bhopal city. Oral examination was done under adequate natural light by a single examiner using mouth mirror and probe. Teeth present in the oral cavity were noted by using Federation Dentaire Internationale system of nomenclature in the preformed pro-forma. The teeth were considered as erupted, when any part of its crown had penetrated the gingiva and was visible in the oral cavity. Height, weight, birth weight, and other close-ended questions in questionnaire were asked from parents. Results and conclusion The data collected were statistically analyzed and it was observed that significant relation exists between tooth eruption and birth weight, feeding habits, socioeconomic status, and body mass index (BMI). Based on the findings, it may be concluded that Indian children experienced delayed eruption of primary teeth when compared with children of different countries and standard norms. How to cite this article Verma N, Bansal A, Tyagi P, Jain A, Tiwari U, Gupta R. Eruption Chronology in Children: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(3):278-282.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Verma
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arpana Bansal
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Parimala Tyagi
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ankur Jain
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Utkarsh Tiwari
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchika Gupta
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Żądzińska E, Sitek A, Rosset I. Relationship between pre-natal factors, the perinatal environment, motor development in the first year of life and the timing of first deciduous tooth emergence. Ann Hum Biol 2015; 43:25-33. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2015.1006140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Keirse MJNC, Master M, Plutzer K. In the literature: dispelling hallucinations about birthweight: how hard is it? Birth 2012; 39:258-62. [PMID: 23281908 DOI: 10.1111/j.1523-536x.2012.00555.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Birthweight is an important determinant of perinatal outcome and future health well into adulthood. Before weighing newborn infants became enshrined in practice, birthweights tended to be based on an educated guess or, as alleged by Roederer in 1753, on hallucination. Two centuries later, they led to a Babylonic confusion between weight and maturity at birth. Even nowadays, hallucinations about birthweight and its effect on infant health have not entirely disappeared. New hallucinations still emerge and remain as difficult to dispel as they once were.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc J N C Keirse
- Professor of obstetrics and gynaecology at Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Gaur R, Kumar P. Effect of undernutrition on deciduous tooth emergence among Rajput children of Shimla District of Himachal Pradesh, India. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2012; 148:54-61. [DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Sajjadian N, Shajari H, Jahadi R, Barkett MG, Sajjadian A. Relationship between birth weight and time of first deciduous tooth eruption in 143 consecutively born infants. Pediatr Neonatol 2010; 51:235-237. [PMID: 20713288 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-9572(10)60044-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2009] [Revised: 09/14/2009] [Accepted: 09/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deciduous teeth play an important role in the proper alignment, spacing and occlusion of permanent teeth. The calcification of deciduous teeth begins during the fourth prenatal month, and calcification of all deciduous teeth begin by the end of the sixth prenatal month. The eruption date varies and is genetically influenced. Delayed eruption of deciduous teeth, especially the first teeth, causes nutritional problems for the infants. It also results in parental concerns. In this study, we compared the timing of eruption of the first deciduous teeth in infants in relation to their birth weight. METHODS A total of 143 infants born at Shariati Hospital in Tehran from December 2004 to December 2005 were included in the study. Data on sex, birth weight, gestational age, and time of first tooth eruption were collected. RESULTS The mean birth weight was 3220 +/- 420 g with 5.5% of infants weighing less than 2500 g, and 19.9% weighing more than 3500 g. Patients were monitored weekly from the third month of age until the time of first tooth eruption. The mean age of first tooth eruption was 7.68 +/- 1.84 months. CONCLUSION There was a negative linear correlation between the time of first deciduous tooth eruption and birth weight, suggesting that delayed tooth eruption may be related to lower birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Sajjadian
- Department of Neonatology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - H Shajari
- Department of Neonatology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Jahadi
- Department of Craniofacial Surgery, 15 Khordad Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael G Barkett
- Biomedical Studies, La Sierra University, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Ali Sajjadian
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Aesthetic Plastic Surgery Satellite Centers, Private Practice, Orange County, California, USA
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Sahin F, Camurdan AD, Camurdan MO, Olmez A, Oznurhan F, Beyazova U. Factors affecting the timing of teething in healthy Turkish infants: a prospective cohort study. Int J Paediatr Dent 2008; 18:262-6. [PMID: 18298545 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-263x.2007.00893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teething is a developmental process and occurs over a broad chronological age range. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding pattern and growth parameters on teething time of healthy infants. METHODS A total of 1200 term newborn infants followed up in Gazi University well-child clinic infants were evaluated, and their growth parameters, feeding patterns, and timing of the eruption of the first tooth were noted. The routine visit times of the clinic were chosen as the cut-off values for teeth eruption for logistic regression analysis for investigating factors that determine the timing of teeth eruption. RESULTS Timing of the eruption of the first tooth ranged from 4 to 13 months. On the sixth month visit, 24.3%, and on the ninth month visit 84.5% of all infants had at least one tooth. Height-adjusted weight and height percentiles being less than 50, being fed by cow's milk or by formula in the first year, were independent factors negatively influencing teeth eruption by the sixth month, while all but height-adjusted weight percentiles being less than 50 had negative impact on tooth eruption by the ninth month. CONCLUSION Growth parameters and feeding pattern may be determinants of the timing of teeth eruption in healthy infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Figen Sahin
- Department of Social Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Holman DJ, Yamaguchi K. Longitudinal analysis of deciduous tooth emergence: IV. Covariate effects in Japanese children. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2005; 126:352-8. [PMID: 15386238 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.10420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of the deciduous teeth is generally considered to be robust to moderate environmental insults, malnutrition, and disease. Consequently, deciduous tooth emergence has been used to assess growth and development and for age estimation in children. In this paper, we examine the way in which nutritional status and other covariates affect deciduous tooth emergence in a sample of 114 Japanese children born in Tokyo in 1914 and 1924. Parametric survival analysis was used to quantify the effects of nutritional status, breastfeeding behavior, and sex on the hazard of deciduous tooth emergence. Children of poor nutritional status exhibited significantly delayed emergence of all deciduous teeth, with effects that ranged from 14-29% increases in mean emergence times. Children of medium nutritional status exhibited increases in mean emergence times of 5-9% for the canines and lower molars, and 13-17% for the incisors. Partial breastfeeding had no effect on tooth emergence, but children who were not breastfed at all showed delayed emergence of the upper incisors. No significant sex differences in emergence were found. The findings contradict the idea that moderate malnutrition has little effect on deciduous tooth emergence. Furthermore, nutritional differences may account for some of the observed differences among populations in the timing of tooth emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darryl J Holman
- Department of Anthropology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
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Abstract
From among age estimation procedures we chose two for comparison. One of them is the standard method based on root dentin transparency; the other one is based on coronal pulp cavity heigth. The material consisted of X-ray photographs and longitudinally sectioned teeth of 276 individuals (174 males and 102 females) of known age. The comparison shows that the poorly known TCI method is at least as precise as the most widely applied and acknowledged procedure based on longitudinal sections of teeth.
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Holman DJ, Jones RE. Longitudinal analysis of deciduous tooth emergence in Indonesian children. I. Life table methodology. Am J Hum Biol 1991; 3:389-403. [DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.1310030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/1990] [Revised: 04/05/1991] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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