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Wallis C, Solmi F, Pesci I, Desforges N, Holcombe LJ. Development of Yorkshire Terrier Dentition. Vet Sci 2023; 10:406. [PMID: 37505812 PMCID: PMC10384937 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of dentition in dogs has been associated with several problems including tooth over-crowding, missing permanent dentition, and persistent deciduous teeth (PDT). Information on dentition development in different breeds is lacking. This study of 61 Yorkshire terriers aimed to determine the (i) average age at deciduous tooth exfoliation, (ii) average age at permanent tooth eruption, (iii) PDT incidence, and influencing factors such as body weight. The ages of exfoliation of deciduous teeth and eruption of permanent dentition were influenced by body weight and tooth type. These dentition changes tended to occur later in dogs ≤ 3 kg versus dogs > 5 kg. Generally, incisors were exfoliated first, followed by premolars and then canines. At a body weight of 4.5 kg, the middle of the data range, the estimated age at loss of deciduous teeth (with 95% confidence intervals) was 21.9 (21.1, 22.9) weeks for incisors, 26.1 (24.9, 27.4) weeks for canines, and 23.9 (22.9, 24.9) weeks for premolar. The estimated age at eruption of permanent dentition was 22.3 (21.6, 23.0) weeks for incisors, 23.8 (23.0, 24.6) weeks for canines, 24.7 (24.0, 25.5) weeks for premolars, and 26.4 (25.5, 27.3) for molar teeth. However, this sequence was disrupted in dogs ≤ 3 kg. Yorkshire terriers had a high incidence of PDT. At a body weight of 4.5 kg, the estimated proportion of PDT was: incisors 0.86% (0.32, 2.31), canines 15.62% (7.62, 29.37) and premolars 3.57% (1.62, 7.66). Canines constituted the most frequently retained tooth type, with 89.1% retained in dogs ≤ 3 kg compared to 12.0% in dogs > 5 kg. This information will enable veterinarians to provide personalised advice regarding the oral care requirements for Yorkshire terriers and highlights the need to regularly monitor this breed between the ages of two and seven months, during the active phases of tooth development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corrin Wallis
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
| | - Francesca Solmi
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-Biostat), Data Science, Hasselt University, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Ilaria Pesci
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
| | - Neil Desforges
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
| | - Lucy J Holcombe
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK
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Wang C, Tian Z, Wen D, Qu W, Xu R, Liu Y, Jia H, Tang X, Li J, Zha L, Liu Y. Preliminary study on genetic factors related to Demirjian's tooth age estimation method based on genome-wide association analysis. Int J Legal Med 2023:10.1007/s00414-023-03008-y. [PMID: 37133749 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-023-03008-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The age determination of individuals, especially minors, is critical in forensic research. In forensic practice, dental age estimation is one of the most commonly used methods for determining age as teeth are easy to preserve and relatively resistant to environmental factors. Tooth development is affected and regulated by genetic factors; however, these are not incorporated into current commonly used tooth age inference methods, leading to unreliable results. Here, we established a Demirjian and a Cameriere tooth age estimation-based methods suitable for use in children in southern China. By using the difference between the inferred age and the actual age (MD) as the phenotype, we identified 65 and 49 SNPs related to tooth age estimation from 743,722 loci among 171 children in southern China through a genome-wide association analysis (p<0.0001). We also conducted a genome-wide association study on dental development stage (DD) using the Demirjian tooth age estimation method and screened two sets of SNP sites (52 and 26) based on whether age difference was considered. The gene function enrichment analysis of these SNPs found that they were related to bone development and mineralization. Although SNP sites screened based on MD seem to improve the accuracy of tooth age estimation, there is little correlation between these SNPs and an individual's Demirjian morphological stage. In conclusion, we found that individual genotypes can affect tooth age estimation, and based on different phenotypic analysis models, we have identified some novel SNP sites related to tooth age inference and Demirjian's tooth development stage. These studies provide a reference for subsequent phenotypic selection based on tooth age inference analysis, and the results could possibly be used in the future to make forensic age estimation more accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chudong Wang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - ZhiKai Tian
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiangya Hospital of Stomatology, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Weifeng Qu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Xu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Jia
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Tang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jienan Li
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China
| | - Lagabaiyila Zha
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No. 172 Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Xiangya Hospital of Stomatology, Central South University, No. 72 Xiangya Road, Kaifu District, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.
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Singh DS, Chokkalingam DTS, Pillai DJP, Basavaraj Urs DA. Does third molar impaction affect age estimation in adolescent and young adults? A radiographic population based study. Med Leg J 2022; 90:156-160. [PMID: 35624541 DOI: 10.1177/00258172221077725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Few studies consider the effects of impaction, resulting in inaccurate estimation of age using third molar. We aimed to assess the significance of impaction in estimating age using Modified Demirjian's method. 200 orthopantomograms of patients between 16-25 years were collected comprising 171 tests and 212 controls. Chronologic age (CA) and estimated age (EA) were calculated. Independent sample t-test, chi-square test, paired t-test and Kolmogrov-Smirnov test of normality were used. The mean difference between the CA and EA in both the tests and control samples were significant (mean difference test group = 2.6 ± 2.07, control group = 2.0 ± 1.8; p = 0.01). It provided a difference of 0.6 which is equal to 7.2 months. The results of our study indicate that impacted mandibular third molars are susceptible to undergo slower mineralization, leading to erroneous lower age estimation. These results in an Indian population are noteworthy. However further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dr Shivani Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Dr Aadithya Basavaraj Urs
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Gopalaiah H, Gurram A, Chaitanya NCSK, Sharma S, Gattu A, Rathore K, Ali SH, Parvathala P, Reesu GV, Mula AP, Balla SB. Is there any difference in the development of mandibular third molars according to the type of impaction: An orthopantomographic study in south Indian children and adolescents. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2022; 57:102055. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2022.102055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Age Estimation in Children by the Measurement of Open Apices in Teeth: A Study in the Western Indian Population. Int J Dent 2022; 2022:9513501. [PMID: 35140790 PMCID: PMC8818425 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9513501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In forensic sphere and clinical dentistry, age estimation is a topic of utmost importance. Various techniques are employed in children to determine age; however, dental development has proven to be an appropriate method because of its low variability. Cameriere's method is a widely accepted method of age estimation in children, which is carried out by measuring the projections of open apices and also the heights of developing permanent teeth seen on panoramic radiographs. The aim of this study is to establish a new formula for age estimation in the Western Indian population by measuring the open apices of mandibular teeth using Cameriere's European formula. For this study, we included 311 panoramic radiographs of healthy children living in Western India (Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Goa) aged 4–15 years which were analysed by two independent researchers. Seven left permanent mandibular teeth were assessed for length and width of open apices. Dental maturity was evaluated using measurements of the left seven permanent mandibular teeth (xi = Ai/Li, i = 1,…, 7), the sum of the normalized open apices (s), and the number (N0) of teeth with complete root formation. A linear relationship between open apices, N0, age, and other factors was evaluated with the aid of a stepwise multiple regression model. A stepwise linear regression showed that all parameters, gender, s, N0, and x5, were significantly associated with age (R = 85%). No statistically significant difference was found between the predicted and actual chronological age of children in the age group of 4–13 years using the regression equation for the Western Indian population. The present research suggests that the new regression formula developed will be more accurate for age assessment in the Western Indian population.
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Meghana RV, Mallempalli P, Kondakamalli S, Boringi M, Vaddeswarapu RM, Kairamkonda CR, Gurram A, Balla SB, Angelakopoulos N. A test to study the influence of impaction on mandibular third molar development and forensic age estimation in a sample of south Indian children and young adults. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2021; 54:101998. [PMID: 34896837 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2021.101998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It has been argued that the impaction of the third molars could result in delayed maturation, which, in turn, could affect age estimations in criminal proceedings. In view of this, the present study was undertaken to determine whether the impaction status could delay the chronological process of third molar mineralization in a sample of south Indian children and young adults. The orthopantomograms (OPGs) of 915 children and young adults of south Indian origin aged between 15 and 22 years were evaluated. Mineralisation stage and impaction status were determined for all lower third molars. Descriptive statistics were performed at stages D to H of Demirjian staging system. The results of independent t-test show that the impaction resulted in statistically significant slower mineralization in impacted lower third molars at stages D to F in both sexes. It was ascertained that the mean ages with the impacted lower third molars at stage G were 0.98-1.38 years higher in males and 0.50-0.80 years higher in females than those with non-impacted lower third molars. For stage H, the mean ages were 0.14-0.21 years higher in males and 0.25-0.44 years higher in females. The probabilities of being 18 years and above is higher for non-impacted lower third molars at stages G and H than those with impacted ones. It is concluded that the impaction could result in delayed maturation in the lower third molars of the studied sample. Further studies are warranted in a more diverse sample.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mamatha Boringi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, India.
| | | | - Charan Raj Kairamkonda
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, India.
| | | | - Sudheer B Balla
- Department of Forensic Odontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana.
| | - Nikolaos Angelakopoulos
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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7
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Oz E. Dental age estimation using three different methods in monozygotic and dizygotic twins. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2021.2005143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esra Oz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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Lewis AJ, Sreekumar C, Srikant N, Boaz K, Nandita KP, Manaktala N, Yellapurkar S. Estimation of Age by Evaluating the Occlusal Tooth Wear in Molars: A Study on Dakshina Kannada Population. Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2021; 13:429-440. [PMID: 34703320 PMCID: PMC8526367 DOI: 10.2147/ccide.s313587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Assessment of teeth to estimate age in the living as well as the dead is well documented in the literature. Though applied in conjunction with other parameters in Gustafson’s technique, attrition of teeth solely is an underexplored indicator for age estimation mainly in India. Most of the studies using attrition of teeth have been conducted in bioarchaeology, and in populations where studies are being conducted in forensic contexts, the results are debatable. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of age estimation using the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method by Li and Ji in adults of the Dakshina Kannada region. Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study assessed the degree of attrition in both maxillary and mandibular first and second molars of 136 adults of Dakshina Kannada origin (age range: 20–70 years) according to the 10 stages given by Li and Ji to derive population-specific linear regression equations. Results Univariate analysis of prediction of age with attrition showed a significant association of attrition score with age, stratified by sex, arch as well as in total (p-value <0.001) with a standard error of estimate of 9.231 years. The estimated age was within ±5 years of the actual age in 44.2% of the females and 50.0% of the males. A comparative review of 23 studies done to estimate age from attrition score clinically is documented in the manuscript. Conclusion The findings of this study suggest that evaluation of tooth wear by the Average Stage of Attrition (ASA) method can be used as a non-invasive means to aid in the determination of age in adults of Dakshina Kannada origin. Although the error increases with age, this method provides a measurable means of seriation into older and younger categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amitha J Lewis
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Chandni Sreekumar
- Department of Periodontics, Srinivas Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka, 574 146, India
| | - N Srikant
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Karen Boaz
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - K P Nandita
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Nidhi Manaktala
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Shweta Yellapurkar
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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Legal age determined by a new threshold value of third molar maturity index in subjects with impacted mandibular third molars: An orthopantomographic study in south Indian adolescents. Int J Legal Med 2021; 136:251-259. [PMID: 34633500 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Third molars are one of the few biological markers available for age estimation in juveniles, especially for the estimation of the 18-year-age threshold. Literature has indicated that impaction has an influence on the development of third molars, which could possibly result in age misclassifications. The present study is intended to identify an alternative cut-off value of the third molar maturity index (I3M) in impacted mandibular third molars and also to evaluate its applicability in estimating the major (≥ 18 years)/minor (< 18 years) status. A total of 1330 digital orthopantomograms (OPGs) of 665 male and 665 female south Indian adolescents aged from 15 to 22 years were collected and assessed. Eight hundred forty OPGs (63.1%) represented test sample, and 490 OPGs (36.9%) represented validation sample. I3M was measured for the total sample. Logistic regression, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and Youden's index were used to test the performance of the method in the test sample. An alternative cut-off value of I3M < 0.17 was established for the highest value of the Youden's index of 0.598 for both sexes. When tested in validation sample, it has resulted in sensitivity and specificity values of 0.91 (95% CI; 0.86-0.95) and 0.90 (95% CI; 0.78-0.91) in males and 0.86 (95% CI; 0.80-0.92) and 0.90 (95% CI; 0.83-0.95) in females. In conclusion, cut-off value of I3M < 0.17 could accurately discriminate adults from minors with impacted mandibular third molars. However, more work is needed to be done among a more diverse sample to confirm these findings.
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Pinares Toledo J, Retamal Yermani R, Ortega Pinto A, Villanueva Conejeros R. Development of the third molar in Chileans: A radiographic study on chronological age. FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL: REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsir.2021.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Curtailing of Myths and Misconceptions Regarding Oral Health among Indian Adult Population through Health Education and Promotion -Cross Sectional Survey. BALKAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/bjdm-2021-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Summary
Background/Aim: Myths related to oral diseases and oral health-related practices are very common among the population. Inadequate knowledge along with the persisting myths regarding the etiology, course and outcome of oral diseases makes it difficult to initiate health behavioural changes. Present study scrutinizes various myths and misconceptions regarding oral health among the outpatients. The aim of this study was to assess myths and misconceptions about oral health and imparting education regarding the same.
Material and Methods: The calculated sample size was 200. A pre –tested closed ended questionnaire was prepared in both English and local language (Kannada). It comprised of four sections with 24 questions. The Content validity index value of 0.9 suggested a good validity. A Chi square test was applied and significance level was fixed at p< 0.05.
Results: We had 100% response rate. In our study half of the participants visited dental hospital for the very first time (57.5%). About 45.2% of subjects believed 3rd molar eruption is the sign of intelligence, while 64.8% had a notion that all dental procedures are painful.
Conclusions: Myths and misconceptions related to oral health are still prevalent among the population. However, small steps like compulsory education about oral health in the school curriculum, available and affordable oral care also effective use of mass media could be the steps to reduce oral health burden to the society.
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Yang Z, Wen D, Xiao J, Liu Q, Sun S, Kureshi A, Chang Y, Zha L. Application of Cameriere's method for dental age estimation in children in South China. Forensic Sci Res 2021; 7:106-114. [PMID: 35784412 PMCID: PMC9246020 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2020.1830515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Cameriere’s European formula for age estimation in children in South China and to adapt the formula to establish a more suitable formula for these children. Moreover, the performance of dental age estimation based on Cameriere’s method combining the developmental information of permanent teeth (PT) and third molar (TM) was also analysed. Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed. The samples of Group A were divided into training dataset 1 and test dataset 1, and the samples of Group B were also divided into training dataset 2 and test dataset 2. A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1. Additionally, a PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2. The Cameriere’s European formula underestimated chronological age with a mean difference (ME) of −0.47 ± 1.11 years in males and −0.69 ± 1.19 years in females. However, the South China-specific formula underestimated chronological age, with a mean difference (ME) of −0.02 ± 0.71 years in males and −0.14 ± 0.73 years in females. Compared with PT model and TM model, the PT and TM combined model obtained the smallest root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.29 years in males and 0.93 years in females. In conclusion, the South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.Key points Orthopantomographs of 720 healthy children in Group A, and orthopantomographs of 320 children and 280 subadults in Group B were assessed. A South China-specific formula was established based on the training dataset 1, and the comparison of accuracy between the Cameriere’s European formula and the South China-specific formula was conducted with the test dataset 1. A PT regression model, a TM regression model, and a combined regression model (PT + TM) were established based on the training dataset 2, and the performance of these three models were validated on the test dataset 2. The South China-specific formula was more suitable for assessing the dental age of children in South China, and the PT and TM combined model can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedeng Yang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan Wen
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiao Xiao
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qianying Liu
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shule Sun
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | | | - Yunfeng Chang
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lagabaiyila Zha
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Timme M, Karch A, Shay D, Ottow C, Schmeling A. Zur Altersdiagnostik lebender Personen: der Einfluss des sozioökonomischen Status auf die Skelett- und Zahnentwicklung in einer deutschen Studienkohorte. Rechtsmedizin (Berl) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00194-020-00444-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungDie forensische Altersdiagnostik kann ein entscheidendes Instrument zur Durchführung rechtstaatlicher Verfahren sein. Bei der Altersdiagnostik wird die Entwicklung von Skelett- und Zahnmerkmalen einer zu begutachtenden Person mit Daten von Referenzpopulationen verglichen. Als möglicher Einflussfaktor auf die Altersdiagnose ist der sozioökonomische Status (SES) der zu begutachtenden Person zu berücksichtigen. Allerdings ist die Studienlage zu diesem Einflussfaktor bislang spärlich. Prospektiv wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der Skelett- bzw. Zahnentwicklung und dem SES innerhalb einer deutschen Studienpopulation aus freiwilligen Teilnehmern ermittelt. Dazu wurde die Entwicklung der medialen Epiphyse des Schlüsselbeins, der distalen Epiphyse des Radius, der distalen Epiphyse des Femurs, der proximalen Epiphyse der Tibia und des linken unteren dritten Molaren bei 294 Frauen und 287 Männern im Alter von 12 bis 24 Jahren mittels 3‑Tesla-Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) untersucht. Zusätzlich wurde der SES der Teilnehmer erfasst. Hierzu wurde das Bildungsniveau der Eltern erfragt. Der Einfluss des SES auf die Einzelmerkmale sowie die Gesamtheit der untersuchten Skelettmerkmale wurde mittels linearer Regression ermittelt. Für alle untersuchten Merkmale und Kombinationen konnte keine Evidenz für einen Zusammenhang festgestellt werden. Es wurde geschlussfolgert, dass sich die Lebensumstände der Studienteilnehmer offenbar nicht ausreichend stark unterschieden, um einen Einfluss des SES auf das Skelettalter darzustellen.
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Yassin SM. Accuracy of Demirjian’s four methods of dental age estimation in a sample of Saudi Arabian population. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2020.1766110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syed M. Yassin
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Khare P, Li J, Velandia Palacio LA, Galić I, Ferrante L, Cameriere R. Validation of the third molar maturity index cut-off value of <0.08 for indicating legal age of 18 years in Eastern Chinese region. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2019; 42:101645. [PMID: 31891866 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Having a reliable, inexpensive and simple method to estimate 18 years of age would be of help in the forensic field. This study aimed to test the accuracy of the third molar maturity index (I3M) in indicating the legal adult age of 18 years. This retrospective cross-sectional study analysed 450 digital panoramic images of Eastern Chinese children and young adults (226 females and 224 males) aged between 14 and 22 years. A cut-off value of I3M < 0.08 was tested in discriminating adults from minors for both sex. For females, the sensitivity of the test (Se) was 75.0%, with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of 67.5% to 82.5%. The specificity of the test (Sp) was 100%. The proportion accurately classified (Ac) individuals was 85.8% (95%CI, 81.3% to 90.4%). The Bayes post-test probability was 100% (93.6% to 100%). For males, Se, Sp and Ac were 91.9% (95%CI, 87.1% to 96.7%), 92.0%(95%CI, 86.7% to 97.3%) and 92% (95%CI, 88.4% to 95.5%), respectively. The Bayes post-test probabilities was 92% (95%CI, 88.4% to 95.5%). Males were ahead in the development of third molars comparing to females according to I3M. A stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that both I3M and sex contribute to the regression model to discriminate adults (≥18 years) from minors (<18 years), while a receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis indicated some better accuracy of I3M < 0.12 in females, without statistically significant difference when compared to I3M < 0.08. The results of this study show that the cut-off value of I3M < 0.08 may help to discriminate Eastern Chinese adults from minors. However, further study should evaluate the usefulness and possible variability of I3M cut-off value in a specific population before used for legal and forensic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Khare
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | - Jiang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine No. 639, Zhi Zao Ju Road, Shanghai 200011, China.
| | | | - Ivan Galić
- AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Via Don Minzoni, 9, 62100, Italy; Department of Oral Surgery, University of Split, School of Medicine and University Hospital Centre, Split, Spinčićeva 2, 21000 Split, Croatia.
| | - Luigi Ferrante
- Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Medical Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via conca 71, 60020 Torrette di Ancona, Italy.
| | - Roberto Cameriere
- AgEstimation Project, University of Macerata, Via Don Minzoni, 9, 62100, Italy.
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Paz Cortés MM, Rojo R, Mourelle Martínez MR, Dieguez Pérez M, Prados-Frutos JC. Evaluation of the accuracy of the Nolla method for the estimation of dental age of children between 4–14 years old in Spain: A radiographic study. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 301:318-325. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Gannepalli A, Balla SB, Pacha VB, Gandhi Babu DB, Vinay BH, Perkari S. Applicability of Cameriere European formula for age estimation of 10-15 years legal threshold in South Indian population. J Forensic Dent Sci 2019; 11:78-83. [PMID: 32082042 PMCID: PMC7006307 DOI: 10.4103/jfo.jfds_72_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between chronological age (CA) and the measurement of the open apices in teeth and also assess the accuracy of Cameriere methods on dental age (DA) estimation in the South Indian population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A sample of 200 orthopantomographs of children aged between 10 and 15 years were collected. The seven left permanent mandibular teeth were evaluated with Cameriere method. RESULTS Regression analysis was carried out which derived the following linear regression formula: Age = 14.117 - 0.01 g - 1.732W3 + 0.016N0 - 0.289 × 5 - 0.099.s. N0. The equation explained 88.3% (R 2 = 0.883) of the total deviance. The accuracy of the European formula and South Indian formula was determined by the difference between the estimated DA and CA. Cameriere formula produced 32% and 18% of absolute residuals falls within the range of ± 1 and ± 0.5 years, whereas the new regression formula produced 72% and 35% within range of ± 1 and ± 0.5 years. CONCLUSION This further highlight the importance of population-specific formula keeping in mind about variation in dental maturation across different regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashalata Gannepalli
- Department of Oral Pathology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Sudheer B. Balla
- Department of Forensic Odontology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Venkat Baghirath Pacha
- Department of Oral Pathology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - DB Gandhi Babu
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - B. Hari Vinay
- Department of Oral Pathology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shilpa Perkari
- Department of Oral Pathology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Genetic and environmental influences on third molar root mineralization. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:220-225. [PMID: 30508675 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the genetic and environmental influences on the variability of human third molar (M3) root mineralization stages via a twin study. DESIGN The study sample consisted of 162 same-sex twins (66 dizygotic and 96 monozygotic, mean age: 17.9 years) with normal growth and development. Panoramic radiographs were evaluated to assess root mineralization stages of the upper and lower third molars, using the method of Demirijian et al. (1973). Zygosity was established using 15 specific DNA markers. RESULTS Females developed their third molar roots earlier in life than males. Monozygotic twins (MZ) demonstrated higher intra-pair correlations for M3 root development stages than did DZ twins. An ACE model with additive genes, as well as common and specific environmental factors, provided the best explanation of variation in M3 root development. The mineralization of M3 roots showed highly additive genetic determination, varying from 60 to 63%, whereas a common environment contributed from 25 to 27%, and a specific environment only accounted 14% of the total variation, at most. CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of the total variability of the third molar root mineralization rate can be attributed to additive genetic effects, while common and specific environmental effects have a smaller, yet significant, impact.
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Is the third molar maturity index (I 3M) useful for a genetic isolate population? Study of a Sardinian sample of children and young adults. Int J Legal Med 2018; 132:1787-1794. [PMID: 30232544 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1933-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This work aims to assess the validity of the cut-off value (0.08) of the third molar maturity index (I3M) for discriminating minors from adults in Sardinian population. A sample of 336 digital panoramic radiographs of healthy Sardinian children and young minors (165 females and 171 males), aged between 15 and 23 years (mean age, 19.35 years in females and 18.80 years in males), was retrospectively evaluated. The left lower third molars were analysed by applying a specific cut-off value of 0.08 determined by Cameriere et al. in 2008. The reliability and reproducibility of the test was also studied: the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.89-0.93) and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86-0.90), for the intra- and inter-observer reliability, respectively. The I3M gradually decreased as the real age gradually increased in both sexes. According to the pooled results of the diagnostic test, the accuracy (ACC) was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.89); the proportion of correctly classified subjects (Se = sensitivity) was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.86); and specificity (Sp = specificity) was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.89-0.97). The positive predictive values (PPV) and the negative predictive values (NPVs) were 0.97 (95% CI, 0.94-0.99) and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.62-0.77). The LR+ and the LR- were 17.12 (95% CI, 7.27 to 40.36) and 0.19 (95% CI, 0.14 to 0.25). In spite of this, significant differences in the early mineralisation of the third molar were found between sexes as well as in the results of the diagnostic test, showing a better sensitivity in males than in females. The results showed that, although the third molar teeth are highly variable in development, and with differences between females and males as compare to other teeth, the I3M is a reliable method to distinguish between minors and adults even in such a genetic isolate population.
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Nibali L. Development of the gingival sulcus at the time of tooth eruption and the influence of genetic factors. Periodontol 2000 2017; 76:35-42. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Galić I, Pacifici A, Carbone D, Pacifici L, Jerončić A, Cameriere R. Age estimation by the Cameriere’s normalized measurements (CNM) of the single permanent mandibular tooth on a panoramic radiograph. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2017; 26:65-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Viciano J, De Luca S, Irurita J, Alemán I. Age Estimation of Infants Through Metric Analysis of Developing Anterior Deciduous Teeth. J Forensic Sci 2017; 63:20-30. [PMID: 28382630 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study provides regression equations for estimation of age of infants from the dimensions of their developing deciduous teeth. The sample comprises 97 individuals of known sex and age (62 boys, 35 girls), aged between 2 days and 1,081 days. The age-estimation equations were obtained for the sexes combined, as well as for each sex separately, thus including "sex" as an independent variable. The values of the correlations and determination coefficients obtained for each regression equation indicate good fits for most of the equations obtained. The "sex" factor was statistically significant when included as an independent variable in seven of the regression equations. However, the "sex" factor provided an advantage for age estimation in only three of the equations, compared to those that did not include "sex" as a factor. These data suggest that the ages of infants can be accurately estimated from measurements of their developing deciduous teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Viciano
- Operative Unit of Anthropology, Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University of Chieti-Pescara, Piazza Trento e Trieste 1, Chieti, 66100, Italy
| | - Stefano De Luca
- Unidad Especial de Identificación Forense, Servicio Médico Legal, Avenida La Paz 1012, Comuna de Independencia, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Javier Irurita
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Physical Anthropology, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Granada, 18071, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Alemán
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology and Physical Anthropology, University of Granada, Avenida de la Investigación 11, Granada, 18071, Spain
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Hegde S, Patodia A, Dixit U. Staging of third molar development in relation to chronological age of 5-16 year old Indian children. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 269:63-69. [PMID: 27883981 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The usefulness of the developmental status of the third molar has been studied in assessment of the chronological age of adolescents in whom the development of the other permanent teeth is nearly complete. However, little is known about the timing and pattern of third-molar development in the Indian population. AIM This study aimed to stage the third molar development in relation to chronological age of 5-16year old Indian children. DESIGN In this cross-sectional observational study, the status of third molar development in relation to chronological age of 1139 Indian children aged 5-16 years was evaluated radiographically, using Orhan's modification of Demirjian's method. RESULTS The frequency of occurrence of the third molars varied from 47% to 70%. Crypt formation, crown completion and root completion occurred as early as 5.4, 8.7 and 15.0 years, respectively. No significant differences based on gender or side were observed in third-molar development (p>0.05). For most stages, maxillary third molars were slightly more advanced than their mandibular counterparts (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Considering the high degree of variability observed in third molar genesis and development, the usefulness of this tooth in age determination studies may be very limited in the age group studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sapna Hegde
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Akash Patodia
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Pacific Dental College and Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Uma Dixit
- Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Dr. D.Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Navi, Mumbai, India
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Cao D, Zhu L, Chen Y, Xie L, Yan B, Sun Z. Buccally impacted maxillary canines increase the likelihood of root separation in adjacent first premolars. Oral Dis 2016; 23:36-41. [PMID: 27500892 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of maxillary impacted canines on the root morphology of adjacent premolars in a Chinese population. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A sample of 370 Chinese subjects with maxillary canine impaction and 370 control subjects were collected in this study. CBCT data of all subjects were collected and analyzed. The prevalence of separate-rooted maxillary premolars was compared between subjects with and without impacted canines. Then, the prevalence of separate-rooted maxillary premolars was compared between subjects with buccal canine impaction (BIC) and those with palatal impaction (PIC). RESULTS The prevalence of separate-rooted first premolars was significantly higher in the canine impaction group (P = 0.046), but the prevalence of separate-rooted second premolars was not different (P = 0.780). Furthermore, a significant higher prevalence of first premolar root separation was found on the impacted site in the BIC subgroup (P < 0.001), but not in the PIC subgroup (P = 0.508). Also, the prevalence of separate-rooted first premolars in the BIC subgroup was significantly higher than that of the control group (P = 0.008), but not so for the PIC subgroup (P = 0.097). CONCLUSIONS Buccally impacted maxillary canines are associated with an increased prevalence of root separation in the adjacent maxillary first premolars. This is likely because that buccally impacted canines encroach on the space needed for root development of the first premolars.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - L Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - B Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Z Sun
- Division of Orthodontics, The Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Columbus, OH, USA
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Steffensson B, Larsson JO, Fried I, El-Sayed E, Rydelius PA, Lichtenstein P. Genetic Disposition for Global Maturity: An Explanation for Genetic Effects on Parental Report on ADHD. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/016502599383865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been shown to be substantially influenced by genetic factors. However it is still not known how these effects are mediated. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether genetic disposition for global maturity could be a mediator of the well-known findings of genetic factors for ADHD symptoms. A total of 1480 pairs of twins aged 8-9 years were identified through the population-based Swedish Twin Registry. A mailed questionnaire with items from DSM-III-R for ADHD and items concerning global maturity were completed by the parents. The results showed that global maturity mediated part of genetic effects for ADHD for both boys and girls. There were also genetic, shared environmental, as well as nonshared environmental effects unique to ADHD not in common with global maturity. Thus, there are at least two pathways through which genetic effects can influence ADHD: one through predisposition for maturational lag and one unique to ADHD, possibly mediated by personality. The results indicate that maturational lag could be of importance for treatment and prognosis of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan-Olov Larsson
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Karolinska Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingegärd Fried
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Karolinska Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eman El-Sayed
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Karolinska Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Anders Rydelius
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, The Karolinska Hospital,
Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, The Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Ramirez Rozzi F. Diversity in tooth eruption and life history in humans: illustration from a Pygmy population. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27405. [PMID: 27305976 PMCID: PMC4910065 DOI: 10.1038/srep27405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Life history variables (LHV) in primates are closely correlated with the ages of tooth eruption, which are a useful proxy to predict growth and development in extant and extinct species. However, it is not known how tooth eruption ages interact with LHV in polymorphic species such as modern humans. African pygmies are at the one extreme in the range of human size variation. LHV in the Baka pygmies are similar to those in standard populations. We would therefore expect tooth eruption ages to be similar also. This mixed (longitudinal and cross-sectional) study of tooth eruption in Baka individuals of known age reveals that eruption in all tooth classes occurs earlier than in any other human population. Earlier tooth eruption can be related to the particular somatic growth in the Baka but cannot be correlated with LHV. The link between LHV and tooth eruption seems disrupted in H. sapiens, allowing adaptive variations in tooth eruption in response to different environmental constraints while maintaining the unique human life cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Ramirez Rozzi
- AMIS UMR 5288 CNRS - Université Paris V. Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France
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Elshehawi W, Alsaffar H, Roberts G, Lucas V, McDonald F, Camilleri S. Dental age assessment of Maltese children and adolescents. Development of a reference dataset and comparison with a United Kingdom Caucasian reference dataset. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 39:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dental age assessment in a northern Chinese population. J Forensic Leg Med 2016; 38:43-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Secular trend in the maturation of permanent teeth in a sample of Turkish children over the past 30 years. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 259:155-60. [PMID: 26773225 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the influence of secular trends on dental maturation among Turkish children over the past 30 years. Orthopantomograms of 757 (385 boys, 372 girls) Turkish children born in the 1980s, 1990s, and 2000s were evaluated. Three groups were formed based on decade with five subgroups by age from 9 to 13 years old for each gender. The number of samples in each age group and gender were matched. The mandibular left seven permanent teeth were evaluated based on formation stage to determine the overall dental maturity score. The groups were compared based on decade and gender. The Bonferroni-corrected Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical evaluation. Among 11-, 12-, and 13-year-olds born in the 2000s, girls exhibited significantly more mature dentition than did boys (p<0.01, p<0.05, and p<0.05, respectively). Twelve-year-old girls born in the 1990s and 2000s exhibited significantly more mature dentition than did girls born in the 1980s (p<0.01). Girls generally exhibited more mature dentition than boys. No significant positive secular trends in dental maturity were observed from the 1980s through the 2000s. Dental maturation among Turkish children was not affected by a secular trend.
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Cameriere R, Pacifici A, Pacifici L, Polimeni A, Federici F, Cingolani M, Ferrante L. Age estimation in children by measurement of open apices in teeth with Bayesian calibration approach. Forensic Sci Int 2016; 258:50-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Birchler FA, Kiliaridis S, Combescure C, Vazquez L. Dental age assessment on panoramic radiographs in a Swiss population: a validation study of two prediction models. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2015; 45:20150137. [PMID: 26250402 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20150137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental age assessment methods are widely used for age estimation. This study aimed to analyse the accuracy of a meta-analysis method to estimate dental age in Swiss individuals and to detect potential limitations of the method. Precision of repeated tooth staging using Demirjian's classification on maxillary and mandibular teeth was also assessed. METHODS Panoramic radiographs of 50 Swiss white healthy children were analysed. Developing teeth on the left maxilla and mandible and all third permanent molars were staged following Demirjian's classification. Dental age was calculated for each subject, using a random effects model and a fixed effect model, and compared with chronological age. RESULTS The mean error of the dental age ranged between -3 and +1 months for both the calculation models. Dental age calculated with the fixed effect model overestimated the age of the subjects (average + 0.10 y, ranging from -1.95 y to +2.16 y) compared with their chronological age, whereas the random effects model underestimated the age (average -0.32 y, ranging from -2.24 y to +1.61 y). CONCLUSIONS Demirjian's method allowed a precise repeated staging of maxillary and mandibular developing teeth. For both calculation models, dental age correlated well, on average, with chronological age of Swiss subjects younger than 12 years. The random effects model showed a better accuracy for these subjects than the fixed effect model. However, both models underestimated the chronological age in subjects older than 12 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia A Birchler
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stavros Kiliaridis
- 1 Department of Orthodontics, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Combescure
- 2 Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lydia Vazquez
- 3 Department of Orofacial Rehabilitation, Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Żądzińska E, Sitek A, Rosset I. Relationship between pre-natal factors, the perinatal environment, motor development in the first year of life and the timing of first deciduous tooth emergence. Ann Hum Biol 2015; 43:25-33. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2015.1006140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Schmidt S, Vieth V, Timme M, Dvorak J, Schmeling A. Examination of ossification of the distal radial epiphysis using magnetic resonance imaging. New insights for age estimation in young footballers in FIFA tournaments. Sci Justice 2015; 55:139-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Patnana AK, Vabbalareddy RS, V Vanga NR. Evaluating the reliability of three different dental age estimation methods in visakhapatnam children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2015; 7:186-91. [PMID: 25709299 PMCID: PMC4335110 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Dental age is important for treatment planning in the specialities of pedodontics and orthodontics. Although, Demirjian's method was considered standard for dental age estimation, it may not be reliable for all population. AIM The goal of the study was to evaluate the reliability of Demir-jian's, Haavikko's and Willems method of dental age estimation methods in Visakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh, India) children. STUDY DESIGN One hundred and two children of 6 to 14 years old who underwent panaromic digital radiography for routine diagnostic purposes were included. Dental age was calculated using Demirjian's, Haavikko's and Willems methods and compared with chronologic age for each patient. RESULTS Dental age showed a significant overestimation by Demirjian's method with a mean difference of 0.55 year and underestimation by Haavikko's and Willems methods with a mean difference of 1.95 and 0.20 year respectively when compared with chronologic age. The mean difference between dental age and chronologic age was not significant in Willems method which shows a close relation between dental and chronologic ages. CONCLUSION The dental age estimation by Willems method is found to be more accurate than Demirjian's and Haavikko's methods in Visakhapatnam children. How to cite this article: Patnana AK, Vabbalareddy RS, Vanga NRV. Evaluating the Reliability of Three Different Dental Age Estimation Methods in Visakhapatnam Children. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(3):186-191.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Patnana
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raja Sekhar Vabbalareddy
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Narasimha Rao V Vanga
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Bezerra ISQ, Topolski F, França SN, Brücker MR, Fernandes Â. Assessment of skeletal and dental ages of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100222. [PMID: 25627889 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the skeletal and dental ages of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients. Therefore, panoramic and hand-wrist radiographs of 82 patients, aged between 5 and 15 years, were collected and divided into case and control groups. The case group consisted of 41 panoramic and 41 hand-wrist radiographs of T1DM patients, whereas the control group consisted of 41 panoramic and 41 hand-wrist radiographs of patients without T1DM. Skeletal age was assessed according to the method of Greulich and Pyle (1999), whereas dental age was assessed according to the method of Nolla (1960). Chi-square tests revealed no statistically significant differences between skeletal and dental ages between the case and control groups (p > 0.05). However, in the case group, the skeletal age of females was greater than that of age-matched males (p = 0.005). Considering that skeletal and dental growth of the case and control groups were closely related, clinical interventions involving orthodontics and dentomaxillofacial orthopedics should be equally performed both for healthy and specific patient groups, such as those with T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francielle Topolski
- Department of Stomatolgy, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Suzana Nesi França
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rejane Brücker
- Department of Surgery, School of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ângela Fernandes
- Department of Stomatolgy, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Sharma K. Genetic determinants and dynamics of permanent teeth emergence in Northwest Indian twins: a chronogenetic study. HOMO-JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE HUMAN BIOLOGY 2014; 65:450-63. [PMID: 25451511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2014.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of the role of genetic factors in phenotypic variation in the emergence of secondary teeth in humans remains is incomplete. Dental emergence data based on a mixed longitudinal study were collected on 111 twin pairs from an urban population of Chandigarh. The observations over time on a single individual varied from one to nine, thus giving a total of 595 entities. Female twins manifested emergence priority over males. The differences between zygosities in mean emergence ages were significant for only 6 of 16 (37%) instances. Magnitude of variations seen between twins and singletons in their mean emergence timings and duration of the hiatus between two dental phases of emergence were of the order observed among different samples from the same population/ethnic group. Heritability estimates for the specified number of the teeth emerged showed age variations. These estimates were highest in the first two age groups (from 5 to 7 years), when the first molars and incisors emerged. Maxilla-mandible differences were seen for tooth emergence timings and sequence patterns. Heritability for tooth emergence timings was higher in maxilla than in mandible. Multifactorial model of inheritance was the best fit model to explain variations observed in dental emergence timings and dental sequence pattern polymorphisms and there were significant genetic components of variation for both of these. There were sex differences in heritability; females had higher estimates than males. Genetic factors accounted for about 60% of the total phenotypic variation in the length of hiatus interval between two active stages of permanent teeth emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Sharma
- Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
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Ye X, Jiang F, Sheng X, Huang H, Shen X. Dental age assessment in 7-14-year-old Chinese children: comparison of Demirjian and Willems methods. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 244:36-41. [PMID: 25195126 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Several approaches have proven be valuable in estimating dental age in children. The Demirjian method, based on crown and root calcification, is the most frequently used tool. The Willems method is a modification of the Demirjian method. There are few studies regarding to compare the application of the two methods in China. This study aims to apply the two methods in a Han population as well as identify if there are some differences between two methods in estimating dental age versus chronological age. Nine hundred forty-one orthopantomograms of 410 boys and 531 girls between seven and 14 years of age were selected from our patient records database with defined standard, and the Demirjian and Willems methods of dental age estimation were applied. The seven left mandibular teeth were scored and calculated in order to obtain the Demirjian and Willems estimated dental ages. It is suggested that the Demirjian method overestimated chronological age by 1.68 years for boys and 1.28 years for girls. The discrepancy between the Demirjian estimate and the chronological age was most frequently observed between 1 and 3.5 years for boys and between 1 and 2 years for girls. While it is indicted that the Willems method overestimated chronological age by 0.35 years for boys and underestimated the age by 0.02 years for girls. The discrepancy between chronological age and Willems estimated age was most frequently observed between -0.5 and 0.5 years for boys and between -1 and 0.5 years for girls. It is demonstrated that the Willems method was more accurate in estimating dental age than the Demirjian method, with a mean absolute error of 0.98 years for boys and 0.93 years for girls. As a result, it is highly recommended that the Willems method should be applied when estimating dental age in Chinese Han population, further modifications to the method are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Ye
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai 200127, China; XinHua Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Xiaoyang Sheng
- XinHua Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hong Huang
- XinHua Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoming Shen
- XinHua Hospital, Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Irurita J, Alemán I, López-Lázaro S, Viciano J, Botella MC. Chronology of the development of the deciduous dentition in Mediterranean population. Forensic Sci Int 2014; 240:95-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Pechníková M, De Angelis D, Gibelli D, Vecchio V, Cameriere R, Zeqiri B, Cattaneo C. Twins and the paradox of dental-age estimations: a caution for researchers and clinicians. HOMO-JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE HUMAN BIOLOGY 2014; 65:330-7. [PMID: 24951409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchb.2014.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The biological age difference among twins is frequently an issue in studies of genetic influence on various dental features, particularly dental development. The timing of dental development is a crucial issue also for many clinicians and researchers. The aim of this study was therefore to verify within groups of twins how dental development differs, by applying Demirjian's method, Mincer's charts of development of third molars and two of Cameriere's methods for dental age estimation, which are among the most popular methods both in the clinical and the forensic scenario. The sample consisted of 64 twin pairs: 21 monozygotic, 30 dizygotic same-sex and 13 dizygotic opposite-sex with an age range between 5.8 and 22.6 years. Dental age was determined from radiographs using the mentioned methods. Results showed that dental age of monozygotic twins is not identical even if they share all their genes. The mean intra-pair difference of monozygotic pairs was low and similar to the difference in dizygotic same-sex twins; the maximum difference between monozygotic twins, however, was surprisingly large (nearly two years). This should lead to some circumspection in the interpretation of systematic estimations of dental age both in the clinical and forensic scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pechníková
- LABANOF - Laboratorio di Antropologia ed Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 37, 20133 Milano, Italy; Institute of Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 70103 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - D De Angelis
- LABANOF - Laboratorio di Antropologia ed Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 37, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - D Gibelli
- LABANOF - Laboratorio di Antropologia ed Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 37, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - V Vecchio
- LABANOF - Laboratorio di Antropologia ed Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 37, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - R Cameriere
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University of Macerata, 62100 Macerata, Italy
| | - B Zeqiri
- University Dental Clinical Center of Kosovo, Kosovo
| | - C Cattaneo
- LABANOF - Laboratorio di Antropologia ed Odontologia Forense, Sezione di Medicina Legale, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 37, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Zhang K, Dong XA, Chen XG, Zhang L, Deng ZH. The ossification of the ischial tuberosity for forensic age diagnostics in conventional radiography. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2014.891652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Esenlik E, Atak A, Altun C. Evaluation of dental maturation in children according to sagittal jaw relationship. Eur J Dent 2014; 8:38-43. [PMID: 24966744 PMCID: PMC4054030 DOI: 10.4103/1305-7456.126238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this retrospective study were to determine compliance with dental and chronological ages and to analyze the relationships between dental age and orthodontic sagittal anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 221 subjects between the ages of 7 and 15.9 years (165 girls and 156 boys) were included in the study. The dental age of seven left mandibular teeth was assessed according to the Demirjian method. The maxillary protrusion, mandibular protrusion, maxillo-mandibular and vertical plane angles were measured from cephalometric films. RESULTS The mean difference between the chronological age and dental age in female patients was 0.94 years and 0.33 years in male patients (P < 0.01). No differences between the sagittal classification groups were found. There was no relationship between dental age and the SNA° or the GoGn-SN°. A statistically significant negative relationship was found between dental age and the SNB° and there was a significant linear relationship between dental age and the ANB°. CONCLUSION Dental age in girls and boys has been estimated to be more advanced than chronological age in all classes and dental maturation advanced in cases with a tendency to develop Class II malocclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elcin Esenlik
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkiye
| | - Aslihan Atak
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkiye
| | - Ceyhan Altun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Centre of Dental Sciences, GMMA, Ankara, Turkiye
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Yan-Vergnes W, Vergnes JN, Dumoncel J, Baron P, Marchal-Sixou C, Braga J. Asynchronous dentofacial development and dental crowding: a cross-sectional study in a contemporary sample of children in France. J Physiol Anthropol 2013; 32:22. [PMID: 24252616 PMCID: PMC3843590 DOI: 10.1186/1880-6805-32-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The causes of dental crowding are not fully understood, but it may result from an evolutionary trend towards reduced facial volume, without a proportional reduction in tooth sizes. Most previous studies conducted among modern humans have revealed a very low or non-existent correlation between tooth size and jaw size. Cross-comparison between dental age and facial skeletal age could help to provide better knowledge of the dynamic process of dental crowding. The primary objective of this research was to study the synchronism of dental maturation and skeletal facial growth in a sample of modern children living in France. The secondary objective was to assess the link between dentofacial asynchronism and dental crowding. Results The random sample comprised 28 subjects (16 girls, 12 boys). Mean chronological age was 13.5 years (±2.1; range 9.2–17.6). Mean dental age was 14.2 years (±2.8; range 7.5–17) and mean facial skeletal age was 12.8 years (±2.6, range 7–22). In the estimations of dental age and facial skeletal age, there was no evidence of systematic bias. There were 10 subjects (9 girls, 1 boy) with asynchronous dentofacial development. Finally, there were 13 subjects (8 girls, 5 boys) with dental crowding. A significant association was found between delayed facial skeletal growth/advanced dental maturation and dental crowding (P = 0.01). Conclusions Dental maturation and facial growth are not necessarily synchronous. Further understanding of the interactions between dental maturation and facial growth could have crucial implications in biological anthropology, as well as for the clinical practice of orthodontists. From an anthropological perspective, this study suggests that asynchronous dentofacial development could, at least partially, explain the frequency of dental crowding in modern populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan-Vergnes
- Department of Orthodontics, Toulouse Dental Faculty, Paul Sabatier University, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, (3 chemin des maraîchers), Toulouse Cedex 04 31062, France.
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Irurita Olivares J, Alemán Aguilera I, Viciano Badal J, De Luca S, Botella López MC. Evaluation of the maximum length of deciduous teeth for estimation of the age of infants and young children: proposal of new regression formulas. Int J Legal Med 2013; 128:345-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-013-0903-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schmidt S, Schiborr M, Pfeiffer H, Schmeling A, Schulz R. Sonographic examination of the apophysis of the iliac crest for forensic age estimation in living persons. Sci Justice 2013; 53:395-401. [PMID: 24188340 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The present study examines the applicability of ultrasound diagnostics in assessing the ossification processes of the apophysis of the Crista iliaca of the pelvis for the purposes of forensic age diagnostics in living persons. To this end, the apophyseal ossification stages were determined in 307 female and 309 male study participants aged between 10 and 25 years. In females, ossification stage I was identifiable at an age of 10.1 years at the earliest (x¯=11.8), ossification stage II at 11.2 years at the earliest (x¯=14.6), ossification stage III at 14.7 years at the earliest (x¯ =18.6), and ossification stage IV at 17.9 years at the earliest (x¯=22.7). In males, ossification stage I was observable from an age of 10.0 years (x¯=11.8), ossification stage II from 10.5 years (x¯=14.9), ossification stage III from 15.6 years (x¯=18.9), and ossification stage IV from 17.4 years (x¯=22.6). In forensic age estimation procedures in living persons, sonographic examination of the iliac crest apophysis makes it possible to minimise exposure of the individual to radiation in accordance with the existing legal basis for the use of X-rays on humans. In application areas with no legal basis to justify X-ray examinations, the accuracy of an age diagnosis can be improved by integrating skeletal maturity as a criterion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schmidt
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Röntgenstraße 23, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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Age dependence of epiphyseal ossification of the distal radius in ultrasound diagnostics. Int J Legal Med 2013; 127:831-8. [PMID: 23708645 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-013-0871-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
By determining the ossification stage of the distal radial epiphysis, it is possible to gain important information to help clarify the question of whether various legally relevant age limits have been exceeded. Any examination of the hand by means of projection radiography such as that used in conventional skeletal age diagnostics is strictly regulated for reasons of radiation hygiene. In many areas of the law, there are no basic legal provisions authorising the performance of X-ray examinations. The present study examines the applicability of ultrasound diagnostics in assessing ossification processes in the distal radius. To this end, the ossification stages of the distal radial epiphysis were determined in 306 female and 309 male study participants aged between 10 and 25 years. In the female gender, ossification stage III was determined at an age of 13.4 years at the earliest, and ossification stage IV at 15.0 years at the earliest. In the male gender, ossification stage III was not observed until 14.3 years, and ossification stage IV not until 15.2 years. In the practice of forensic age estimation in living persons, sonographic examination of the distal radius in areas of application with no legal basis for authorising X-ray examinations makes it possible to improve the accuracy of age diagnosis by including criteria of skeletal maturation. In view of the existing legislative basis for the use of X-rays on human subjects, the exposure of individuals to radiation can be minimised.
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Jayaraman J, Wong HM, King N, Roberts G. Secular trends in the maturation of permanent teeth in 5 to 6 years old children. Am J Hum Biol 2013; 25:329-34. [PMID: 23529892 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Nigel King
- Oral Health Centre, University of Western Australia; Perth; Australia
| | - Graham Roberts
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; King's College London Dental Institute; London; United Kingdom
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Jayaraman J, Wong HM, King N, Roberts G. Secular Trends in the Maturation of Permanent Teeth in 5 to 6 Years Old Children. Am J Hum Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhb.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hai Ming Wong
- Paediatric Dentistry & Orthodontics; The University of Hong Kong; Hong Kong
| | - Nigel King
- Oral Health Centre, University of Western Australia; Perth; Australia
| | - Graham Roberts
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry; King's College London Dental Institute; London; United Kingdom
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Pinchi V, Norelli GA, Pradella F, Vitale G, Rugo D, Nieri M. Comparison of the applicability of four odontological methods for age estimation of the 14 years legal threshold in a sample of Italian adolescents. THE JOURNAL OF FORENSIC ODONTO-STOMATOLOGY 2012; 30:17-25. [PMID: 23474505 PMCID: PMC5734830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The 14-years age threshold is especially important in Italy for criminal, civil and administrative laws. Several methods relying on dental calcification of the teeth, up to the second molar, are used for the evaluation of age in childhood. The objective of the research was to compare the inter-rater agreement and accuracy of four common methods for the dental age estimation - Demirjian (D), Willems (W), Cameriere (C) and Haavikko (H) - in a sample of Italian adolescents between 11 and 16 years. The sensitivity and specificity, and the different level of probability, according to the peculiarities of Italian criminal and civil law, were compared for the methods examined, considering the threshold of 14 years. The sample was composed of 501 digital OPGs of Italian children (257 females and 244 males), aged from 11 years and 0 days to 15 years and 364 days. The maturation stage of the teeth was evaluated according to D, W, H and C methods by three independent examiners. Mixed statistical models were applied to compare the accuracy and the errors of each method. The inter-rater agreement was high for the four methods and the intraclass correlation coefficients were all ≥ 0.81. Methods H and C showed a general tendency to underestimate the age in the considered sample while the methods D and W tended to overestimate the child's age. In females, D and W were more accurate than C, which is more accurate than H. In the males, W is the most accurate method even though it over-estimated age. Considering the 14-years threshold, the sensitivity of D and W methods is quite high (range 0.80; 0.95) and specificity is low (range 0.61; 0.86). The principal findings of the research are: the W and D methods are much more accurate than C and H, but they tend to overestimate the age. The C method largely underestimates the age (by ~1 year) for both genders and for all operators. H is unsuitable for dental age estimation in the Italian population, while W and D yielded high sensitivity but low specificity, thus producing high rates of false positive results. The choice of method to estimate if an Italian child has reached the 14-years legal threshold should mainly be chosen according to the different legal milieu (if civil or criminal) and the gender of the examined individual. The age assessment in criminal case must be prudently managed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilma Pinchi
- Dept. Sec. Legal-Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.
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Feijóo G, Barbería E, De Nova J, Prieto JL. Dental age estimation in Spanish children. Forensic Sci Int 2012; 223:371.e1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2012.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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