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Baltariu IC, Enea V, de Jong PJ, Aan Het Rot M. Associations between alcohol consumption and empathy in a non-clinical sample: drinking motives as a moderator. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10993. [PMID: 38744834 PMCID: PMC11094050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
People consume alcohol for multiple reasons. Negative motives are often associated with alcohol-related problems. These problems might be explained by negative effects of high alcohol consumption on empathy. Past studies have associated alcohol use disorder (AUD) with reduced cognitive and affective empathy. Few studies have focused on non-clinical samples and considered behavioral empathy. We examined the links between alcohol consumption and multiple aspects of empathy, and if these links were moderated by negative drinking motives. We collected online data of 520 unselected individuals. All completed the AUD Identification Test (AUDIT) and a Drinking Motives Questionnaire. Affective and cognitive empathy were assessed using the Empathy Quotient. Behavioral empathy was assessed by asking participants how likely they would help the person in each of 24 scenarios involving pain. Helping others in pain was positively predicted by affective and cognitive empathy. Higher AUDIT scores were associated with helping others less, particularly among participants who scored higher on drinking to cope with negative affect. People who drink more and do so to cope with negative affect appear to have less behavioral empathy. This supports the view that negative drinking motives contribute to AUD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C Baltariu
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Iași, Romania.
| | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Iași, Romania
| | - Peter J de Jong
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Aan Het Rot
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands
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2
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Collier ES, Blomqvist J, Bendtsen M. Satisfaction with a digital support tool targeting alcohol consumption: perspectives from participants in a randomized control trial. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agad070. [PMID: 37930790 PMCID: PMC10783947 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agad070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Intervention design may be improved through evaluating the feedback from those who have been exposed to such interventions. As such, here the perspectives of the intervention group from a recent randomized control trial investigating the effectiveness of a digital alcohol intervention, in terms of perceived suitability and usefulness of the support tool they engaged with, were investigated. METHODS Respondents (N=475; 45% of the intervention group) answered five quantitative questions addressing user experience, completed the 10-item System Useability Scale, and were offered the opportunity to write free-text feedback. Quantitative measures were analysed using ordinal and linear regression with baseline characteristics as predictors, and free-text responses were evaluated using content analysis. RESULTS Overall, respondents were positive towards the intervention in terms of it fitting their needs, the usefulness of the tools included, and the usefulness of text message content. The intervention was perceived as more helpful by respondents with lower total weekly alcohol consumption, higher self-reported confidence in their ability to reduce their drinking, and the perceived importance there of, at baseline. The free-text comments revealed the value of reminders as prompts to reflect on one's own drinking behaviour. Nonetheless, criticisms of the intervention were voiced, primarily highlighting the repetitive nature of the reminders and the lack of individuation in advice. Some also feltlike the intervention was impersonal and targeted only a specific drinking pattern. CONCLUSIONS Experiences of the intervention group in this trial were generally positive, though there may be demand for more individualised, targeted intervention design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Collier
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Division of Bioeconomy and Health, Department of Material and Surface Design, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Blomqvist
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Marcus Bendtsen
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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3
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Nowakowska-Domagała K, Podlecka M, Stecz P, Lewandowska A, Sipowicz K, Kosmalski M, Pietras T, Mokros Ł. The Relationship between Selected Factors (Temperament, Bipolar Traits, Sleep Quality, Severity of Addiction) and Depressive Symptoms in Alcohol-Dependent Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4072. [PMID: 36901082 PMCID: PMC10001749 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated a relationship between alcohol addiction and mood disorders. Alcohol-dependent patients with depression tend to demonstrate clinically more severe manic symptoms, which complicates the process of diagnosis and therapy. However, the predictors indicating the risk of mood disorders in addicted patients remain unclear. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between personal dispositions, bipolar traits, depth of addiction, quality of sleep, and depressive symptoms in alcohol-dependent men. The study group comprised 70 men (age M = 46.06, SD = 11.29) diagnosed with alcohol addiction. The participants completed a battery of questionnaires: BDI, HCL-32, PSQI, EPQ-R and MAST. The results were tested using Pearson's correlation quotient and general linear model. The findings indicate that some of the studied patients are likely to have mood disorders of clinically significant severity. High neuroticism and poor sleep quality are independent predictors of depressive symptoms in alcohol-dependent patients. Among the components of sleep quality, problems with falling asleep and waking up at night appear to be most strongly associated with depressive symptoms. The intensity of depressive symptoms may relate to the intensity of certain bipolar features, such as risk-taking activity and irritability. High neuroticism and poor sleep quality are independent predictors of depressive symptoms in the studied group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Nowakowska-Domagała
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, Al. Rodzeństwa Scheiblerów 2, 90-128 Lodz, Poland
| | - Marlena Podlecka
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Department of Neurosis, Personality and Eating Disorders, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Patryk Stecz
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, Al. Rodzeństwa Scheiblerów 2, 90-128 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Lewandowska
- J. Babiński Specialist Psychiatric Health Care Team, Psychiatric Ward for Children, Aleksandrowska 159, 02-229 Lodz, Poland
| | - Kasper Sipowicz
- Department of Interdisciplinary Disability Studies, The Maria Grzegorzewska University in Warsaw, Szczęśliwicka 40, 02-353 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kosmalski
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego Street 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Pietras
- Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Second Department of Psychiatry, Sobieskiego Street 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Mokros
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Lodz, Kopcinskiego Street 22, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
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Fisher S, Hsu WW, Adams Z, Arsenault C, Milich R. The effect of impulsivity and drinking motives on alcohol outcomes in college students: a 3-year longitudinal analysis. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1624-1633. [PMID: 33048641 PMCID: PMC8232038 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1817033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Substance use is a public health concern and cross-sectional studies have found that impulsivity and drinking motives influence substance use in emerging adults. Despite these findings, longitudinal studies with nuanced measures of impulsivity and drinking motives are needed. Participants: The current study investigated the three-year relationship between impulsivity-related traits, drinking motives, sex, and drinking outcomes in a sample of 509 college students (47.47% male; 81% White). Methods: The effects of impulsivity traits and drinking motives on problematic drinking outcomes were evaluated using linear mixed effects models. Results: The results confirmed the hypothesized relationship between traits of impulsivity, drinking motives, and alcohol outcomes over time. Further, sex significantly interacted with drinking motives longitudinally in its relationship with alcohol use outcomes. Conclusions: These results indicate that intervention efforts may need to be tailored to specific individual attributes to target direct correlates of alcohol use behavior to increase effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sycarah Fisher
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA USA
| | - Wei-Wen Hsu
- Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, Manhattan KS, USA
| | - Zachary Adams
- Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Chelsea Arsenault
- Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA
| | - Richard Milich
- Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA
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Hoyer D, Corriea CJ. General Drinking Motives and Alcohol Consumption across Three Contexts: Drinking Games, Tailgating, and in Stadium. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1171-1176. [PMID: 35506338 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2064504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol consumption across specific events and contexts has been identified as an important area of research related to college student drinking. Contexts associated with increased risk for negative outcomes include drinking games and football games at large universities. Additionally, drinking motives have been linked to increased consumption and consequences. The current study aimed to assess the role of general drinking motives across a variety of specific contexts. METHODS Self-report measures related to general alcohol consumption, general drinking motives, and context-specific consumption were completed by a final sample of 553 predominantly female and white students. Three sets of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to measure relations between drinking motives and the number of drinks consumed in the contexts of drinking games, tailgating outside of the stadium prior to home football games, and while inside the football stadium during home games, after accounting for the number of times participating in each respective context. RESULTS Concerning tailgates, conformity and enhancement motives were positively related to the number of drinks consumed. Conformity motives were associated with greater consumption in the contexts of drinking games and in-stadium drinking. Social motives were inversely related to the number of drinks consumed in-stadium. CONCLUSION Different general drinking motives may contribute to individuals' alcohol consumption across specific contexts. While conformity motives are not traditionally viewed as a unique risk factor for problematic use, the relation between conformity motives and consumption while playing drinking games and within the stadium provides novel results about their potential role in alcohol-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Hoyer
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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Alexander SM, Howard AL, Maggs JL. Personality and Alcohol Use across College: Examining Context-Dependent Pathways toward Alcohol Problems. Subst Use Misuse 2022; 57:1450-1461. [PMID: 35762138 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2022.2091146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND College life is characterized by marked increases in alcohol consumption. Extraversion and neuroticism are associated with alcohol use problems in college and throughout adulthood, each with alcohol use patterns consistent with an externalizing and internalizing pathway respectively. Students higher in extraversion drink more frequently and consume more alcohol, while neuroticism is paradoxically not consistently associated with elevated alcohol use. OBJECTIVE This study examined whether students higher in neuroticism may drink the day before stressors, namely tests and assignment deadlines. METHOD Multilevel generalized linear models were performed using data from a longitudinal study of first-time, first-year undergraduates assessing alcohol use across four years of college, with daily diary bursts each semester. RESULTS Students higher in extraversion had heavier alcohol use and greater alcohol use problems in their fourth year of college. Neuroticism was not associated with drinking behaviors or with drinking before a test or assignment, but was associated with greater fourth year alcohol problems. Students lower in extraversion who reduced heavy drinking the day before academic events had fewer alcohol use problems at the fourth year of college relative to students higher in extraversion. CONCLUSIONS Students higher in extraversion appear to exhibit a continuity of established alcohol use patterns from adolescence, predisposing them to a more hazardous trajectory of college alcohol use. Characteristics of low extraversion may afford some protection from alcohol-positive college culture. High neuroticism appears associated with a hazardous trajectory of college alcohol use, but continued research into situational factors of alcohol use in high neuroticism is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Alexander
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea L Howard
- Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer L Maggs
- Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA
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7
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Martin KP, Benca-Bachman CE, Palmer RHC. Risk for alcohol use/misuse among entering college students: The role of personality and stress. Addict Behav Rep 2021; 13:100330. [PMID: 33437859 PMCID: PMC7787922 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2020.100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined unique and joint effects of stress and personality on alcohol misuse. Factor-level Neuroticism is not uniquely associated with more alcohol misuse. Higher Neuroticism—Depression facet scores are associated with more alcohol misuse. Neuroticism—Depression moderates the association between stress and alcohol misuse.
Introduction Excessive alcohol use amongst college students is associated with low grades, poor mental health, and risks to physical safety. Neuroticism, characterized by emotional instability and anxiety, and self-reported stress have both been shown to be strong predictors of alcohol use and misuse, however, previous studies have shown that measures of stress and Neuroticism are frequently confounded. This study tests the hypothesis that personality traits, and Neuroticism in particular, predict alcohol use/misuse in matriculating freshmen above and beyond reported levels of stress. Methods Data were collected as part of an IRB-approved longitudinal study, MAPme, examining behavioral health in college. Participants were 303 first-year college students (70% female) with an average age of 18.58 (SD = 0.39). Data were collected during the first eight weeks of the first semester at college. Results Overall, domain-level Neuroticism was not associated with alcohol use/misuse above and beyond perceived levels of stress and other Big Five domains (β = 0.14, p = 0.088). Notably, the depression facet of Neuroticism (Neuroticism—Depression), was positively associated with alcohol use/misuse when accounting for the shared effects of stress. Results demonstrated that the Neuroticism—Depression facet moderated the relationship between stress and alcohol use/misuse (β = 0.18, p = 0.020). Conclusions The Neuroticism—Depression facet is a better predictor of alcohol use/misuse than the Neuroticism domain, even when accounting for stress and other personality domains. At low levels of the Depression facet, stress was negatively associated with alcohol use/misuse, but at high levels of the Depression facet, stress was positively associated with alcohol use/misuse. Taken together, our results shed new light into the combined and independent effects of Neuroticism and stress on alcohol use/misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen P Martin
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Psychology and interdisciplinary Sciences Building, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Chelsie E Benca-Bachman
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Psychology and interdisciplinary Sciences Building, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Rohan H C Palmer
- Behavioral Genetics of Addiction Laboratory, Department of Psychology at Emory University, Psychology and interdisciplinary Sciences Building, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
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Blevins CE, Marsh EL, Stein MD, Schatten HT, Abrantes AM. Project CHOICE: Choosing healthy options in coping with emotions, an EMA/EMI plus in-person intervention for alcohol use. Subst Abus 2020; 42:569-576. [PMID: 32870129 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2020.1806182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging adulthood (18-25 years) represents a risky time for mental health and substance use. Emerging adults are particularly susceptible to problematic patterns of substance use, especially if they experience anxiety and/or depression and use substances as a way to cope with such issues. However, many mental health treatments do not address substance use. We developed an ecological momentary assessment and intervention (EMA/EMI) to specifically target the motive of drinking to cope with anxiety/depression. Methods: Project CHOICE was a 6-week intervention that paired in-person normative feedback with daily EMA and, if an individual reported negative affect and intent to drink, an EMI was immediately sent to their phone (a personally-chosen coping skill). We recruited n = 20 (55% female, mean age 21.74, 85% Caucasian and 75% non-Hispanic/Latino) individuals from a psychiatric partial hospitalization program for a 6-week open trial of the CHOICE intervention and re-assessed at the 6-week follow-up point. Results: Results indicated that drinking variables and coping motives were highly correlated at baseline. Days of drinking, alcohol-related problems, and coping motives significantly decreased over time following the intervention. Results indicated high levels of feasibility and acceptability. Conclusions: This open pilot represents a feasible, acceptable, and promising direction in delivering interventions in the moment when risk is highest, utilizing smartphone capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire E Blevins
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Michael D Stein
- Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Heather T Schatten
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ana M Abrantes
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Horváth Z, Román N, Elekes Z, Griffiths MD, Demetrovics Z, Urbán R. Alcohol consumption and risk for feeding and eating disorders in adolescence: The mediating role of drinking motives. Addict Behav 2020; 107:106431. [PMID: 32289746 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A complex and bidirectional association has been assumed between feeding and eating disorders (FEDs) and alcohol consumption. Previous research has demonstrated that alcohol use among individuals with different forms of FEDs is more frequently motivated by two subtypes of internal drinking motives: coping and enhancement motives. Namely, these individuals might use alcohol primarily to regulate internal states, such as to mitigate negative emotions or enhance positive emotions. OBJECTIVES The present study investigated the mediating role of internal drinking motives on the association between risk for FEDs and alcohol consumption over the effects of relevant covariates, such as depressive symptoms or body mass index (BMI). METHODS Hungarian data of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) from 2015 were used. The final sample included responses from 5457 adolescents (50% males; mean age: 16.62 years). Validated self-report psychometric instruments assessed the level of alcohol use, depressive symptoms and risk for FEDs, and drinking motives. RESULTS Risk for FEDs presented a significant positive relationship with internal drinking motives and alcohol use. In the mediation analysis, a significant indirect effect was identified between risk for FEDs and alcohol use via internal drinking motives among females. CONCLUSIONS Results demonstrated that risk for FEDs was positively associated with internal drinking motives and alcohol use. An indirect effect of risk for FEDs on alcohol consumption via internal drinking motives was discriminated over the impact of depressive symptoms. However, the latter relationship was only found among females which may highlight the gender differences in the relationship between risk for FEDs and alcohol use.
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Motivation for alcohol consumption or abstinence during pregnancy: A clinical-qualitative study in Brazil. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0223351. [PMID: 31584967 PMCID: PMC6777787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Brazil, alcohol consumption is estimated to range from 7 to 40% in pregnant women. This research investigated the motivation for alcohol consumption or abstinence during pregnancy in a purposive sample of Brazilian women. Methods Clinical-qualitative research was conducted, in which 14 women participated, identified as risk-drinkers during pregnancy by the T-ACE screening tool. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews. Reports were recorded, transcribed and investigated by a thematic content analysis approach. The results were discussed based on a comprehensive and interpretive framework. Results Sixteen themes were extracted and these were then classified into three thematic categories: (a) general motives for alcohol use, (b) specific motives for drinking during pregnancy, and (c) reasons for partly or fully abstaining from drinking during pregnancy. Social motives were the most relevant, particularly due to deeply rooted cultural values. Enhancement motives were widely mentioned and associated with a hedonic posture. Consumption also aimed to deal with negative emotions, characterizing two types of coping specifically to pregnancy: first, perceiving pregnancy as a period of less opportunity for social interaction and, therefore, drinking alcohol at home to compensate; secondly, perceiving pregnancy as a period of greater irritability, and hence experiencing difficulties to abstain. On the other hand, concern about fetal health, disapproval of consumption by relatives and health professionals, as well as the social construction of mothering were reported as reasons to abstain. Conclusions Some specificities influence the decision to continue or discontinue alcohol consumption during pregnancy. To reduce consumption, we suggest educational actions based on a collective health perspective, articulated with individualized measures that allow identification and proper intervention for women at risk.
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Horn-Hofmann C, Trost Z, Hublet A, Mrug S, Van Damme J, Vervoort T. The Relationship Between Pain Severity and Alcohol Use Among School-Aged Children and Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Drinking Motives. PAIN MEDICINE 2019; 19:284-296. [PMID: 28340189 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnx016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective Evidence from adult samples suggests a co-occurrence between pain and alcohol abuse. However, studies in adolescents are scarce and results are inconsistent, with some studies observing heightened and others observing reduced alcohol consumption in adolescents suffering from pain. We hypothesized that in adolescents the association between pain and alcohol use will be moderated by drinking motives. Methods Data from a large representative sample of Flemish school children and adolescents (N = 10,650, 50.8% boys, age range = 10-21 years, Mage = 14.33 years) were collected as part of the World Health Organization collaborative Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey. Pain severity was graded based on a pediatric pain classification system that accounts for both pain intensity and disability. Alcohol consumption was operationalized using two variables: frequency of drinking and drunkenness. The Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised was used to capture drinking motives; it assesses four motive categories (enhancement, coping, social, and conformity). Results Findings indicated that higher pain severity was associated with greater frequency of alcohol use and drunkenness. However, drinking motives moderated this association. The positive association between pain severity and drinking frequency was stronger in case of high conformity motives. Likewise, the association between pain severity and drunkenness frequency was stronger at high levels of conformity motives and reached significance only at high levels of coping motives. Conclusions Our findings suggest that specific drinking motives are linked to problematic alcohol use in adolescents with pain. Future studies using a longitudinal design are needed to draw conclusions about direction of effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zina Trost
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Sylvie Mrug
- Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | | | - Tine Vervoort
- Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Ashton K, Bellis MA, Davies AR, Hughes K, Winstock A. Do emotions related to alcohol consumption differ by alcohol type? An international cross-sectional survey of emotions associated with alcohol consumption and influence on drink choice in different settings. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016089. [PMID: 29158427 PMCID: PMC5701978 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the emotions associated with drinking different types of alcohol, explore whether these emotions differ by sociodemographics and alcohol dependency and whether the emotions associated with different drink types influence people's choice of drinks in different settings. DESIGN International cross-sectional opportunistic survey (Global Drug Survey) using an online anonymous questionnaire in 11 languages promoted through newspapers, magazines and social media from November 2015 to January 2016. STUDY POPULATION Individuals aged 18-34 years who reported consumption of beer, spirits, red and white wine in the previous 12 months and were resident in countries with more than 200 respondents (n=21 countries; 29 836 respondents). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Positive and negative emotions associated with consumption of different alcoholic beverages (energised, relaxed, sexy, confident, tired, aggressive, ill, restless and tearful) over the past 12 months in different settings. RESULTS Alcoholic beverages vary in the types of emotions individuals report they elicit, with spirits more frequently eliciting emotional changes of all types. Overall 29.8% of respondents reported feeling aggressive when drinking spirits, compared with only 7.1% when drinking red wine (p<0.001). Women more frequently reported feeling all emotions when drinking alcohol, apart from feelings of aggression. Respondents' level of alcohol dependency was strongly associated with feeling all emotions, with the likelihood of aggression being significantly higher in possible dependent versus low risk drinkers (adjusted OR 6.4; 95% CI 5.79 to 7.09; p<0.001). The odds of feeling the majority of positive and negative emotions also remained highest among dependent drinkers irrespective of setting. CONCLUSION Understanding emotions associated with alcohol consumption is imperative to addressing alcohol misuse, providing insight into what emotions influence drink choice between different groups in the population. The differences identified between sociodemographic groups and influences on drink choice within different settings will aid future public health practice to further comprehend individuals' drinking patterns and influence behaviour change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Ashton
- Policy, Research and International Development, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Mark A Bellis
- Policy, Research and International Development, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Alisha R Davies
- Policy, Research and International Development, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Karen Hughes
- Policy, Research and International Development, Public Health Wales NHS Trust, Cardiff, Wales
| | - Adam Winstock
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, King's College London, Addiction Sciences Building, London, UK
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Peacock A, Droste N, Pennay A, Miller P, Lubman DI, Bruno R. Typology of alcohol mixed with energy drink consumers: motivations for use. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2015; 39:1083-92. [PMID: 25988585 DOI: 10.1111/acer.12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research on alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED) has shown that use is typically driven by hedonistic, social, functional, and intoxication-related motives, with differential associations with alcohol-related harm across these constructs. There has been no research looking at whether there are subgroups of consumers based on patterns of motivations. Consequently, the aims were to determine the typology of motivations for AmED use among a community sample and to identify correlates of subgroup membership. In addition, we aimed to determine whether this structure of motivations applied to a university student sample. METHODS Data were used from an Australian community sample (n = 731) and an Australian university student sample (n = 594) who were identified as AmED consumers when completing an online survey about their alcohol and ED use. Participants reported their level of agreement with 14 motivations for AmED use; latent classes of AmED consumers were identified based on patterns of motivation endorsement using latent class analysis. RESULTS A 4-class model was selected using data from the community sample: (i) taste consumers (31%): endorsed pleasurable taste; (ii) energy-seeking consumers (24%): endorsed functional and taste motives; (iii) hedonistic consumers (33%): endorse pleasure and sensation-seeking motives, as well as functional and taste motives; and (iv) intoxication-related consumers (12%): endorsed motives related to feeling in control of intoxication, as well as hedonistic, functional, and taste motives. The consumer subgroups typically did not differ on demographics, other drug use, alcohol and ED use, and AmED risk taking. The patterns of motivations for the 4-class model were similar for the university student sample. CONCLUSIONS This study indicated the existence of 4 subgroups of AmED consumers based on their patterns of motivations for AmED use consistently structured across the community and university student sample. These findings lend support to the growing conceptualization of AmED consumers as a heterogeneous group in regard to motivations for use, with a hierarchical and cumulative class order in regard to the number of types of motivation for AmED use. Prospective research may endeavor to link session-specific motives and outcomes, as it is apparent that primary consumption motives may be fluid between sessions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Peacock
- School of Medicine (Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Nicolas Droste
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amy Pennay
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health (Centre for Health Equity), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter Miller
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dan I Lubman
- Turning Point, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raimondo Bruno
- School of Medicine (Psychology), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
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Chen Y, Li X, Shen Z, Zhou Y, Tang Z. Drinking reasons and alcohol problems by work venue among female sex workers in Guangxi, China. Subst Use Misuse 2015; 50:642-52. [PMID: 25594829 PMCID: PMC5041136 DOI: 10.3109/10826084.2014.997827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Alcohol use is a key determinant of sexual risk behaviors, but pathways to alcohol use in the context of commercial sex still remain unclear. The present study explores reasons for drinking and their roles on alcohol use problems among female sex workers (FSWs) in different types of commercial sex venues. METHOD In 2009, a sample of 1,022 FSWs from Guangxi, China completed a survey containing a 10-item Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and a 28-item measure of reasons for drinking. Factor analysis revealed five reasons for drinking: suppression, disinhibition, work requirement, sexual enhancement, and confidence booster. RESULTS All identified reasons except confidence booster appeared to be related to a higher tendency of developing alcohol use problems among FSWs. Types of commercial sex venues moderated the relationship between work requirement and alcohol use problems. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol-risk reduction interventions among this population need to provide them with alternative approaches to regulate emotions and modify their misconceptions about alcohol's sexual enhancing function. More attention is needed to FSWs' vulnerability to the negative influence of occupational drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Chen
- 1Wayne State University , Detroit, Michigan , USA
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Droste N, Tonner L, Zinkiewicz L, Pennay A, Lubman DI, Miller P. Combined Alcohol and Energy Drink Use: Motivations as Predictors of Consumption Patterns, Risk of Alcohol Dependence, and Experience of Injury and Aggression. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2014; 38:2087-95. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.12438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Droste
- School of Psychology; Deakin University; Level 3; Geelong Victoria Australia
| | - Lorraine Tonner
- School of Psychology; Deakin University; Level 3; Geelong Victoria Australia
| | - Lucy Zinkiewicz
- School of Psychology; Deakin University; Level 3; Geelong Victoria Australia
| | - Amy Pennay
- Centre for Alcohol Policy Research; Turning Point; Eastern Health; Fitzroy Victoria Australia
- Centre for Health and Society; School of Population and Global Health; University of Melbourne; Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Dan I. Lubman
- Turning Point; Eastern Health; Fitzroy Victoria Australia
- Eastern Health Clinical School; Monash University; Clayton Victoria Australia
| | - Peter Miller
- School of Psychology; Deakin University; Level 3; Geelong Victoria Australia
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Mediational relations of substance use risk profiles, alcohol-related outcomes, and drinking motives among young adolescents in the Netherlands. Drug Alcohol Depend 2013; 133:571-9. [PMID: 23998377 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the mediation by drinking motives of the association between personality traits (negative thinking, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) and alcohol frequency, binge drinking, and alcohol-related problems using a sample of students (n=3053) aged between 13 and 15, who reported lifetime use of alcohol. METHOD Structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationship between personality traits and alcohol-related outcomes. The Model Indirect approach was used to examine the hypothesized mediation by drinking motives of the association between personality traits and alcohol-related outcomes. RESULTS In this study among young adolescents, coping motives, social motives and enhancement motives played a prominent mediating role between personality and the alcohol outcomes. Multi-group analyses revealed that the role of drinking motives in the relation between personality and alcohol outcomes were largely similar between the sexes, though there were some differences found for binge drinking. More specifically, for young males, enhancement motives seems to play a more prominent mediation role between personality and binge drinking, while for young females, coping motives play a more mediating role between personality and binge drinking. Few mediation associations were found for conformity motives, and no relationships were found between anxiety sensitivity and drinking motives. DISCUSSION Already in early adolescence, personality traits are found to be associated with drinking motives, which in turn are related to alcohol use. This study provides indications that it is important to intervene in early adolescence with interventions focusing on personality traits in combination with drinking motives.
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Janse van Rensburg C, Surujlal J. Gender differences related to the health and lifestyle patterns of university students. Health SA 2013. [DOI: 10.4102/hsag.v18i1.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the transitions from adolescence to adulthood is the admission of students to a university setting. Accompanying this transition is a new-found independence which results in university students having more autonomy over their lifestyles and behaviours. The assumption in this setting is that many students are likely to engage in unhealthy and risky lifestyle behaviours which include alcohol abuse, tobacco use, physical inactivity and unhealthy dietary practices which may adversely affect their health in the long-term. In South Africa, research with regard to health and lifestyle patterns amongst both male and female young adults remains limited. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to investigate whether male and female students differed in relation to their health and lifestyles, as well as the related consequences thereof. A convenience sampling technique was used, where questionnaires were administered to 400 students at three university campuses in the Gauteng province of South Africa. An exploratory data analysis for health factors was used in order to retrieve relevant factors from a factor and regression analysis. Differences in gender were tested by using cross-tabulation for descriptive statistics and Chi-square analysis. The study found no statistically-significant differences between genders relating to the three emerging health factors, namely Gastrointestinal, Upper Respiratory Infections and Total Health Problems. However, descriptive statistics of lifestyle habits revealed that more female students exercised, smoked and binged on food than their male counterparts. It was also found that female students reported a higher incidence of stress than male students. It was concluded that university students do indeed engage in behaviours and lifestyles that place them at risk for serious health problems.In die oorgang van adolessensie na jong volwassene, bevind studente hulself binne ’n universiteitsomgewing. Gepaartgaande met hierdie oorgang word nuutgevonde vryheid verkry, wat veroorsaak dat universiteitstudente meer beheer oor hul lewenstyl en gedrag uitoefen. Die waarskynlikheid bestaan dat baie studente in hierdie omgewing betrokke sal raak by ’n ongesonde en gewaagde lewenstyl, wat alkohol misbruik, tabak gebruik, fisieke onaktiwiteit en ongesonde eetgewoontes insluit. Bogenoemde is faktore wat student se gesondheid oor die langtermyn nadelig sal beïnvloed. Navorsing in Suid-Afrika oor gesondheid en lewenstylpatrone van verskillende geslagsgroepe onder jong volwassenes is skaars. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus om ondersoek in te stel aangaande geslagsverskille in gesondheid en lewenstyl van studente, asook die betrokke nagevolge daarvan. ’n Gerieflikheids-steekproeftegniek is gebruik waartydens 400 vraelyste aan studente by drie verskillende universiteitskampusse in die Gauteng provinsie in Suid-Afrika versprei is. ’n Ondersoekende data analiese vir gesondheidsfakore is gebruik om toepaslike faktore te verkry vanuit ’n faktor- en regressie analiese. Geslagsverskille is getoets deur gebruik te maak van kruis-tabulering vir beskrywende statistiek asook ’n ‘Chi-square’ analiese. Die studie het geen statisties-betekenisvolle verskille tussen geslagte getoon ten opsigte van die drie gesondheidsfaktore naamlik Gastro-intestinale, Boonste Asemhalingstelsel en Totale Gesondheid Probleme nie. Nietemin het beskrywende statistiek ten opsigte van lewenstyl gewoontes egter onthul dat meer vroulike studente aan fisieke aktiwiteit delneem, rook en hul vergryp aan kos. Daar is ook gevind dat vroulike studente meer gevalle van spanning gerapporteer het as manlike studente. Die gevolgtrekking is dus dat universiteitstudente wel betrokke raak by gedrag en lewenstyle wat hul in gevaar stel vir ernstige gesondheidsprobleme.
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Stautz K, Cooper A. Impulsivity-related personality traits and adolescent alcohol use: A meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev 2013; 33:574-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 293] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2012] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Littlefield AK, Vergés A, Rosinski JM, Steinley D, Sher KJ. Motivational typologies of drinkers: do enhancement and coping drinkers form two distinct groups? Addiction 2013; 108:497-503. [PMID: 22994420 PMCID: PMC3563725 DOI: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.04090.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study used a person-centered approach to test whether drinking motive typologies could be identified. DESIGN Longitudinal study of college students within the intensive multivariate prospective alcohol college-transitions (IMPACTS) data set. SETTING University campus in the United States. PARTICIPANTS University students (baseline n reporting alcohol motives = 2158; baseline age = 18.60 years old). MEASUREMENTS The drinking motives questionnaire-revised (DMQ-R). FINDINGS Using Steinley & Brusco's cluster analysis approach [based on the theoretical ratio expected between the within sum of squares and the total sum of squares when the data are divided into two clusters when no cluster structure is present; the cut-off for the ratio is 0.25 for uniform (multivariate uniform) distributions and 0.36 for normal (multivariate normal) distributions], we examined whether there was evidence for distinct clusters of individuals that differed on their overall level of motives to drink. We tested the fit of a one-group (cluster) solution compared to multi-cluster solutions. Both cross-sectionally and prospectively, the data could not be partitioned into two or more clusters [regardless of whether the cut-off assuming a multivariate uniform distribution (i.e. 0.25) or the more liberal multivariate normal distribution (i.e., 0.36) was used]. These findings showed that enhancement and coping drinkers do not form two distinct groups but, rather, these motives exist on a continuum such that individuals who are high in one internal motive tend to be high in the other motive. CONCLUSIONS Coping and enhancement drinkers do not form two distinct groups. Variable-centered approaches to drinking motives may be a better alternative to classifying all drinkers as either enhancement or coping drinkers for both clinical and research endeavors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew K. Littlefield
- University of Missouri-Columbia and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, 200 South 7Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201
| | - Alvaro Vergés
- University of Missouri-Columbia and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, 200 South 7Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201
| | - Jenny M. Rosinski
- Veterans’ Affairs Eastern Kansas Health Care System, 4101 South 4th Street, Leavenworth, Kansas 66048
| | - Douglas Steinley
- University of Missouri-Columbia and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, 200 South 7Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201
| | - Kenneth J. Sher
- University of Missouri-Columbia and the Midwest Alcoholism Research Center, 200 South 7Street, Columbia, Missouri 65201
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MacLaren VV, Harrigan KA, Dixon M. Gambling motives and symptoms of problem gambling in frequent slots players. JOURNAL OF GAMBLING ISSUES 2012. [DOI: 10.4309/jgi.2012.27.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Motives for gambling were examined among patrons of slots venues who reported playing electronic gaming machines at least weekly (N=849). According to scores on the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI), there were 331 (39.0%) participants at low risk, 330 (38.9%) at moderate risk, and 188 (22.1%) at high risk of Pathological Gambling. Scores on the Coping and Enhancement scales of the Gambling Motives Questionnaire (GMQ) had independent effects on PGSI scores. Cluster analysis of Coping and Enhancement scores identified Low Emotion Regulation (LER; n=189), Primarily Enhancement (PE; n=338), and Coping and Enhancement (CE; n=322) subtypes. More CE gamblers (80.1%) had PGSI scores that suggested problem or Pathological Gambling than the PE (56.8%) or LE (36.0%) subtypes. Gamblers who frequently play slot machines are at elevated risk of Pathological Gambling if they play slots as a means of self-regulating their negative emotional states.
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Wolitzky-Taylor K, Bobova L, Zinbarg RE, Mineka S, Craske MG. Longitudinal investigation of the impact of anxiety and mood disorders in adolescence on subsequent substance use disorder onset and vice versa. Addict Behav 2012; 37:982-5. [PMID: 22503436 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2011] [Revised: 02/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large body of epidemiological research indicates that anxiety and mood disorders are highly comorbid with substance use disorders (SUDs). However, longitudinal research regarding their temporal relations is limited. The goal of this study was to assess whether emotional disorders (i.e., anxiety and mood disorders) predict the onset of SUDs, whether SUDs predict the onset of emotional disorders, or both. METHOD The current study used data from baseline assessment (N=627) and four years of follow-up assessments from the NU/UCLA Youth Emotion Project to examine this question. RESULTS In line with the self-medication hypothesis of emotional disorder/SUDs comorbidity, anxiety and unipolar mood disorders at baseline assessment were associated with later onsets of SUDs. In particular, social anxiety disorder (SAD) at baseline predicted onset of alcohol use disorders and PTSD predicted the onset of all SUDs. SUDs did not predict any anxiety or unipolar mood disorders with the exception that alcohol use disorders predicted the onset of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). CONCLUSIONS These findings, as well as the clinical implications and future directions for research, are discussed.
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Beck KH, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB, Arria AM. Social contexts of drinking and subsequent alcohol use disorder among college students. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2012; 39:38-43. [PMID: 22746152 DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2012.694519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research has suggested important contextual factors that can differentiate problem and nonproblem drinkers. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the strength of the prospective association between social contexts of drinking and subsequent alcohol use disorder and drunk driving 2-3 years later. METHODS The sample consisted of 652 individuals who were originally recruited at college entry, had complete data on at least one social context subscale, met the minimum criteria for Year 1 drinking, and had nonmissing data on at least one of the outcome variables in Years 3 and/or 4. Social contexts of drinking were assessed in Year 1 by using previously validated scales measuring six different situational and motivational contexts in which alcohol is consumed. DSM-IV criteria for alcohol abuse and dependence and drunk driving were assessed annually. RESULTS Holding constant gender, race/ethnicity, and baseline drinking frequency, the frequency of drinking in a context of social facilitation, sex-seeking, or in a motor vehicle during Year 1 was significantly related to a greater likelihood of alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, and drunk driving in Years 3 and/or 4. Drinking in a context of emotional pain was related to alcohol dependence and drunk driving but not to alcohol abuse. CONCLUSIONS The Social Context of Drinking Scales have utility for identifying students who are at risk for developing alcohol-related problems. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE Identifying college students who might develop alcohol dependence requires an assessment of both situational and motivational factors that influence drinking, especially drinking in a motor vehicle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth H Beck
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA.
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Beck KH, Ahmed A, Farkas ZA. A descriptive analysis of the social context of drinking among first-time DUI offenders. TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION 2011; 12:306-311. [PMID: 21823937 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2011.564693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To understand the role of social context in contributing to the incidence of alcohol-impaired driving. METHODS Telephone interviews were conducted with 161 individuals who received a first-time DUI citation. They were predominantly white (70%), male (62%) and 21 to 45 years of age (62%). They were paid $25 for their participation. Questions were asked about their social network, the social context in which they typically drink, the specific location and circumstances where they were drinking at the time of their citation, risky driving behaviors, in the last month as well as the number of traffic tickets they received and crashes they have been involved in since they started to drive. RESULTS Two reliable social contexts of drinking were identified through principle components factors analysis: emotional pain and social facilitation. Analyses of variance showed that drinking in a context of emotional pain (eg, to deal with depression, stress) was related to drinking alone at this location and driving when they know they have had too much to drink. Drinking in a context of social facilitation (eg, with friends, to be sociable) was related to drinking more frequently and with others (versus alone) at this location. Social facilitation was also positively related to driving over the speed limit and running a red light/stop sign. CONCLUSIONS The social context of drinking is important for understanding the social network of drinking drivers, because most (86%) said that someone from their social network was with them at this drinking location. The need to understand how significant others influence the context of drinking as well as the likelihood of impaired driving is critical for program development. These results suggest that different types of interventions are needed for offenders depending on their social context of drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth H Beck
- University of Maryland School of Public Health, Department of Behavioral and Community Health, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
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Child maltreatment, alcohol use and drinking consequences among male and female college students: An examination of drinking motives as mediators. Addict Behav 2010; 35:636-9. [PMID: 20199849 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Although the relationship between child maltreatment and alcohol use and drinking problems is well established, the mechanisms involved in this relationship remain largely unknown and research has focused primarily on women. Using the Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised (M-DMQ-R; Grant, Stewart, O'Connor, Blackwell & Conrod, 2007), drinking motives were examined as mediators in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and alcohol consumption and consequences among male and female college student drinkers (N = 218, 60.6% women). Participants completed questionnaires assessing child maltreatment, drinking motives, alcohol consumption and alcohol consequences. Enhancement motives in particular mediated the relationship between childhood abuse and alcohol consequences for men, whereas coping-depression motives mediated this relationship for women. Implications of these findings for alcohol interventions and future research are discussed, along with limitations of the present study.
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Spera C, Franklin K, Uekawa K, Kunz JF, Szoc RZ, Thomas RK, Cambridge MH. Reducing drinking among junior enlisted Air Force members in five communities: early findings of the EUDL program's influence on self-reported drinking behaviors. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2010; 71:373-83. [PMID: 20409431 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2010.71.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the fall of 2006, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention awarded discretionary grants to five communities in four states as part of the Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws initiative. These 3-year grants were designed to support implementation of a set of interventions using an environmental strategies approach to reduce drinking and associated alcohol-related misconducts among active-duty Air Force members ages 18-25, with a specific focus on the underage population. The current article presents findings from Year 1 of the evaluation. METHOD Data on alcohol use were obtained from a large-scale, anonymous survey that fielded in the spring of 2006 (i.e., pretest) and the spring of 2008 (i.e., posttest) from a stratified random sample of Air Force members at five demonstration and five comparison communities. RESULTS The percentage of junior enlisted personnel at risk for an alcohol problem dropped 6.6% in the Air Force overall during the last 2 years but dropped as much as 13.6% and 9.8% in two Arizona demonstration communities that implemented the intervention. CONCLUSIONS The first-year results suggest that the Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws intervention may have been one factor that helped to reduce the percentage of junior enlisted Air Force members at risk for an alcohol problem in the demonstration communities.
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