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Thoolen B, Maronpot RR, Harada T, Nyska A, Rousseaux C, Nolte T, Malarkey DE, Kaufmann W, Küttler K, Deschl U, Nakae D, Gregson R, Vinlove MP, Brix AE, Singh B, Belpoggi F, Ward JM. Proliferative and nonproliferative lesions of the rat and mouse hepatobiliary system. Toxicol Pathol 2011; 38:5S-81S. [PMID: 21191096 DOI: 10.1177/0192623310386499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 398] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The INHAND Project (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions in Rats and Mice) is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP) and North America (STP) to develop an internationally-accepted nomenclature for proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature and differential diagnosis for classifying microscopic lesions observed in the hepatobiliary system of laboratory rats and mice, with color microphotographs illustrating examples of some lesions. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document is also available for society members electronically on the internet (http://goreni.org). Sources of material included histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world. Content includes spontaneous and aging lesions as well as lesions induced by exposure to test materials. A widely accepted and utilized international harmonization of nomenclature for lesions of the hepatobiliary system in laboratory animals will decrease confusion among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and provide a common language to increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bob Thoolen
- Global Pathology Support, The Hague, The Netherlands.
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Miyata K, Sukata T, Kushida M, Ogata K, Suzuki M, Ozaki M, Ozaki K, Uwagawa S. Spontaneous iron accumulation in hepatocytes of a 7-week-old female rat. J Toxicol Pathol 2009; 22:199-203. [PMID: 22271995 PMCID: PMC3252042 DOI: 10.1293/tox.22.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous iron accumulation in hepatocytes was observed in a 7-week-old female Han Wistar GALAS rat. Very fine yellowish brown pigments, which showed a positive reaction with Berlin Blue stain, were apparent in the cytoplasm close to the bile canaliculi, with a diminishing periportal-to-centrilobular gradient. There were also differences in distribution between and within lobes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed cytosolic ferritin and pericanalicular siderosomes in hepatocytes. No degeneration or necrotic changes were observed, and non-hepatocyte cells did not demonstrate any obvious accumulation of iron. There were no abnormalities in the animal other than this finding in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Miyata
- Environmental Health Science Lab., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Tokuo Sukata
- Environmental Health Science Lab., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kushida
- Environmental Health Science Lab., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Keiko Ogata
- Environmental Health Science Lab., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Manabu Suzuki
- Animal Clinic Support Center, Sumika Technoservice Corporation, 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-8558 Japan
| | - Masakazu Ozaki
- Animal Clinic Support Center, Sumika Technoservice Corporation, 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka, 554-8558 Japan
| | - Keisuke Ozaki
- Environmental Health Science Lab., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
| | - Satoshi Uwagawa
- Environmental Health Science Lab., Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1–98, Kasugadenaka 3-chome, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-8558, Japan
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Age-related changes in iron homeostasis in mouse ferroxidase mutants. Biometals 2009; 22:827-34. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-009-9229-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/16/2009] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Matsushima S, Hoshimoto M, Torii M, Ozaki K, Narama I. Iron lactate-induced osteopenia in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Toxicol Pathol 2001; 29:623-9. [PMID: 11794378 DOI: 10.1080/019262301753385951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Osteopenia was induced in rats fed a diet containing 50,000 ppm (5%) iron lactate for 2 or 4 weeks. Blood chemistry, urinalysis, and bone histomorphometry of the proximal tibial metaphysis were performed. Urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline and the osteoclast number per bone surface were selected for the measurement of dynamic resorption. The osteoclast surface, eroded surface, and osteoblast surface increased at both ends of the exposure periods, and bone resorption and formation both increased. The bone volume, trabecular thickness, and trabecular number decreased, and the secondary spongiosa of proximal metaphysis showed a marked bone loss. However, no mineralization defect was observed. At the end of the 2-week exposure period, biomarkers of osteoclasts and osteoblasts had increased the most, and the osteoblast surface, osteoclast surface, and osteoclast number per bone surface increased with prolonged exposure. The pathological changes of the bone lesion in iron lactate-overloaded rats were similar to those in rats of the osteoporotic model, because they consisted of changes reflecting the increase of bone resorption and formation without an osteomalacic change. However, the decline of serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels was different from that of the osteoporosis model rat. We concluded iron-induced bone lesions probably differ from those of low turnover bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Matsushima
- Pathology Section, Drug Safety, Evaluation, Developmental Research Laboratories, Shionogi & Co, Ltd, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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Johnson MS, Holladay SD, Lippenholz KS, Jenkins JL, McCain WC. Effects of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene in a holistic environmental exposure regime on a terrestrial salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum. Toxicol Pathol 2000; 28:334-41. [PMID: 10805152 DOI: 10.1177/019262330002800214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a defense-related environmental contaminant present at high concentrations in soil at some military installations. Tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum, family Ambystomatidae) were exposed to TNT in a soil matrix and fed earthworms that had also been exposed to TNT via contaminated soil. Such exposure was previously shown to result in significant accumulation of both TNT and TNT metabolites by salamanders. Following 14 days of combined oral and dermal exposures, salamanders were evaluated for signs of toxicity. Control and TNT-exposed salamanders gained weight (p < 0.025). In addition, organ to body weight ratios (kidney, liver, and spleen) were not affected by treatment. The function of splenic phagocytic cells was evaluated because these cells are sensitive to certain environmental chemical exposures. Neither the chemiluminescence response (H2O2 production) nor the phagocytic capacity of such cells were different between controls and treatment groups. In like manner, no changes were seen in the peripheral hematologic parameters investigated. Histopathologic evaluations were inconclusive, yet the liver revealed the presence of heavily pigmented iron-rich phagocytes (melanomacrophages). This investigation presents a realistic approach and preliminary data for investigating the effects of xenobiotic exposure in a soil matrix on a terrestrial vertebrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Johnson
- US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21010-5403, USA.
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