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Speck ML, Gomes ALA, Rojas CS, Willig JB, Herrmann AP, Pilger DA, Rates SMK. Environmental enrichment affects behavioral and pharmacological response to antidepressants in CF1 mice. Neurosci Lett 2023; 813:137432. [PMID: 37549865 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been described that environmental enrichment (EE) exerts beneficial effects on cognitive and emotional performances, dendritic branching, synaptic density, neurogenesis and modulation of neurotrophic systems and neurotransmitters in rodents. However, the influence of EE on pharmacological and behavioral responses in animal models of psychiatric disorders has not been fully established. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exposure to EE on mice behavior in the open field test (OFT) and forced swimming tests (FST), as well as the response to antidepressant drugs (fluoxetine 30 mg/kg and bupropion 30 mg/kg, p.o.). CF1 mice were exposed to an enriched housing condition at different developmental stages: from mating to postnatal day (PND) 55 (lifelong enrichment), from mating to PND21 (perinatal enrichment) and from PND21 to PND55 (post-weaning enrichment). At PND58 the male offspring were evaluated in the OFT and FST. BDNF gene expression in the hippocampus was determined through qPCR. Mice exposed to perinatal enrichment remained longer in the peripheral zone of the OFT and performed fewer grooming than mice housed under standard condition, and these effects were independent of drug treatment. Post-weaning and lifelong enrichment increased grooming behavior. Bupropion reduced grooming in all groups except in perinatal enriched. In turn, fluoxetine decreased grooming only in post-weaning enriched group. None of the enriched housing conditions altered the immobility time in the FST, which indicates that EE had no antidepressant-like effect. However, all enriched housing conditions abolished the anti-immobility effect of bupropion. None of the EE protocols affected BDNF hippocampal expression. The main conclusion is that mice behavior in the OFT is sensitive to alterations in the housing environment and depends on the developmental stage of exposure. Bupropion and fluoxetine yielded divergent responses depending on the housing condition, which suggests that EE modulates monoaminergic neurotransmission pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Lorena Speck
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90610000, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Azevedo Gomes
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90610000, Brazil
| | - Camila Schafer Rojas
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90610000, Brazil
| | - Julia Biz Willig
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90610000, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Herrmann
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Federal University of: Rio Grande do Sul. Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90035003, Brazil.
| | - Diogo André Pilger
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90610000, Brazil.
| | - Stela Maris Kuze Rates
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Avenida Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS ZIP CODE 90610000, Brazil.
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Moragrega I, Ríos JL. Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Depression: Evidence from Preclinical Studies. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:656-685. [PMID: 33434941 DOI: 10.1055/a-1338-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants and their extracts are natural remedies with enormous potential for treating various diseases, including depression and anxiety. In the case of depression, hundreds of plants have traditionally been used in folk medicine for generations. Different plant extracts and natural products have been analyzed as potential antidepressant agents with validated models to test for antidepressant-like effects in animals, although other complementary studies have also been employed. Most of these studies focus on the possible mediators implicated in these potential effects, with dopamine, serotonin, and noradrenaline being the principal neurotransmitters implicated, both through interference with receptors and with their metabolism by monoamino oxidases, as well as through neuro-endocrine and neuroprotective effects. There are approximately 650 reports of antidepressant-like medicinal plants in PubMed; 155 of them have been compiled in this review, with a relevant group yielding positive results. Saffron and turmeric are the most relevant species studied in both preclinical and clinical studies; St. John's wort or kava have also been tested extensively. To the best of our knowledge, no review to date has provided a comprehensive understanding of the biomolecular mechanisms of action of these herbs or of whether their potential effects could have real benefits. The purpose of this narrative review is to provide an update regarding medicinal plants from the year 2000 to the present to examine the therapeutic potential of these antidepressant-like plants in order to contribute to the development of new therapeutic methods to alleviate the tremendous burden that depression causes worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Moragrega
- Departament de Psicobiologia, Facultat de Psicologia, Universitat de València
| | - José Luis Ríos
- Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València
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Borsoi M, Nunes LED, Barbosa AR, Lima MS, Medeiros I, Pranke MA, Antonio CB, Rates SMK, Neves GA. Intermittent repeated stress but not ketamine changes mice response to antidepressants. Neurosci Lett 2020; 741:135452. [PMID: 33166638 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine has been considered one of the most important advances in major depressive disorder treatment. Several studies report a significant benefit to patients that lasts up to 19 days after treatment. However, concerns arise from the long-term use of ketamine, thus a safe and effective strategy for maintaining its antidepressant effect is still necessary. To this end, our work assessed the effects of imipramine and fluoxetine after repeated ketamine treatment in male mice. Ketamine (30 mg/kg/day for 14 days) induced an anti-immobility effect in the forced swimming (FS) paradigm, detected 1 and 3 days after treatment. Seven days after the last ketamine injection, mice received imipramine (20 mg/kg) or fluoxetine (30 mg/kg). Imipramine and fluoxetine did not change mice's immobility time, regardless of the pre-treatment (saline or ketamine). Since both drugs' anti-immobility effect was demonstrated in the classical FS test, we can assume that repeated exposure to intermittent stress inhibited the antidepressant drugs' anti-immobility effects. Moreover, pre-exposure to ketamine did not counteract stress-induced changes in mice response to antidepressants. Since exposure to forced swim and i.p. injections are stressful to rodents, each stressor's contribution to the blunted response to antidepressants was investigated. Our data demonstrated that both stressors (FS and i.p. injections) influenced the reported effect. In summary, our results showed that exposure to intermittent repeated stress inhibited the anti-immobility effect of imipramine and fluoxetine in mice and corroborated findings demonstrating that exposure to stress can blunt patients' response to antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milene Borsoi
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, sala 503-B, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Luis Eduardo D Nunes
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco J, sala J1-029, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Amanda R Barbosa
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco J, sala J1-029, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana S Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco J, sala J1-029, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Medeiros
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco J, sala J1-029, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Pranke
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, sala 503-B, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Camila B Antonio
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, sala 503-B, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Stela M K Rates
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, sala 503-B, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Gilda A Neves
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychopharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, sala 503-B, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil; Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, bloco J, sala J1-029, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP 21941-902, Brazil.
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Neves G, Borsoi M, Antonio CB, Pranke MA, Betti AH, Rates SMK. Is Forced Swimming Immobility a Good Endpoint for Modeling Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia? - Study of Sub-Anesthetic Ketamine Repeated Administration Effects. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:1655-1669. [PMID: 28832723 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Immobility time in the forced swimming has been described as analogous to emotional blunting or apathy and has been used for characterizing schizophrenia animal models. Several clinical studies support the use of NMDA receptor antagonists to model schizophrenia in rodents. Some works describe the effects of ketamine on immobility behavior but there is variability in the experimental design used leading to controversial results. In this study, we evaluated the effects of repeated administration of ketamine sub-anesthetic doses in forced swimming, locomotion in response to novelty and novel object recognition, aiming a broader evaluation of the usefulness of this experimental approach for modeling schizophrenia in mice. Ketamine (30 mg/kg/day i.p. for 14 days) induced a not persistent decrease in immobility time, detected 24h but not 72h after treatment. This same administration protocol induced a deficit in novel object recognition. No change was observed in mice locomotion. Our results confirm that repeated administration of sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine is useful in modeling schizophrenia-related behavioral changes in mice. However, the immobility time during forced swimming does not seem to be a good endpoint to evaluate the modeling of negative symptoms in NMDAR antagonist animal models of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilda Neves
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Milene Borsoi
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila B Antonio
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Pranke
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Andresa H Betti
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stela M K Rates
- Laboratório de Psicofarmacologia Experimental, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, 90610-000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Stein AC, Müller LG, Ferreira AG, Braga A, Betti AH, Centurião FB, Scherer EB, Kolling J, von Poser GL, Wyse AT, Rates SM. Uliginosin B, a natural phloroglucinol derivative with antidepressant-like activity, increases Na+,K+-ATPase activity in mice cerebral cortex. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Ulrich-Lai YM, Ryan KK. Neuroendocrine circuits governing energy balance and stress regulation: functional overlap and therapeutic implications. Cell Metab 2014; 19:910-25. [PMID: 24630812 PMCID: PMC4047143 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Significant comorbidities between obesity-related metabolic disease and stress-related psychological disorders suggest important functional interactions between energy balance and brain stress integration. Largely overlapping neural circuits control these systems, and this anatomical arrangement optimizes opportunities for mutual influence. Here we first review the current literature identifying effects of metabolic neuroendocrine signals on stress regulation, and vice versa. Next, the contributions of reward-driven food intake to these metabolic and stress interactions are discussed. Lastly, we consider the interrelationships between metabolism, stress, and reward in light of their important implications in the development of therapies for metabolism- or stress-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne M Ulrich-Lai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA
| | - Karen K Ryan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA.
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Centurião FB, Braga A, Machado FR, Tagliari B, Müller LG, Kolling J, Poser GV, Wyse ATS, Rates SMK. Study of antidepressant-like activity of an enriched phloroglucinol fraction obtained from Hypericum caprifoliatum. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2014; 52:105-110. [PMID: 24102122 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.816970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Hypericum caprifoliatum Cham & Schlecht (Guttiferae) extracts have a potential antidepressant-like effect in rodents. However, the molecular mechanisms by which these extracts exert this effect remain unclear. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the effect of HC1, a fraction obtained from H. caprifoliatum enriched in phloroglucinol derivatives, on the Na⁺, K⁺ ATPase activity in mouse brain and verified the influence of veratrine on the effect of HC1 in the forced swimming test (FST). MATERIALS AND METHODS Veratrine (0.06 mg/kg) and HC1 (360 mg/kg) were given alone or combined i.p. 60 and p.o. 30 min, respectively, before FST. The effect of single and repeated administration (once a day for 3 consecutive days) of HC1 (360 mg/kg) on Na⁺, K⁺ ATPase activity was evaluated ex vivo in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of mice subjected or not to FST. RESULTS HC1 reduced the immobility time (103.15 ± 18.67 s), when compared to the control group (183.6 ± 9.51 s). This effect was prevented by veratrine (151.75 ± 22.19 s). Mice repeatedly treated with HC1 presented a significant increase in Na⁺, K⁺ ATPase activity, both in cerebral cortex (46 ± 2.41 nmol Pi/min·mg protein) and hippocampus (49.83 ± 2.31 nmol Pi/min·mg protein), in relation to the respective controls (30 ± 2.66 and 29.83 ± 2.31 nmol Pi/min·mg protein respectively). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The HC1 antidepressant-like effect on FST might be related to its capacity to inhibit Na⁺ influx. HC1 increases hippocampal and cortical Na⁺, K⁺ ATPase activities possibly through long-term regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda B Centurião
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , Brasil and
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Nin MS, Ferri MK, Couto-Pereira NS, Souza MF, Azeredo LA, Agnes G, Gomez R, Barros HMT. The effect of intra-nucleus accumbens administration of allopregnanolone on δ and γ2 GABA(A) receptor subunit mRNA expression in the hippocampus and on depressive-like and grooming behaviors in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2012; 103:359-66. [PMID: 22981694 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in GABA(A) receptor expression have been associated with the allopregnanolone (3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one; 3α,5α-THP) antidepressant-like effect in rats. The present study aimed to verify the effect of bilateral, intra-nucleus accumbens core (intra-AcbC) administration of the neurosteroid allopregnanolone on behaviors in the forced swim and grooming microstructure tests and in the δ and γ2 GABA(A) receptor subunit mRNA expression in right and left hippocampus of rats. The results of this study showed that bilateral, intra-AcbC allopregnanolone administration (5μg/rat) presented antidepressant-like activity in the forced swim test concomitant with an increase in climbing. Allopregnanolone at doses of 1.25 and 5μg/rat also decreased the percentage of correct transitions in the grooming microstructure test. Both δ and γ2 GABA(A) subunit expressions increased in the rat hippocampus after allopregnanolone intra-AcbC treatment. Our findings point to asymmetrical GABA(A) receptor expression changes in the hippocampus of animals treated with allopregnanolone. Further investigation should evaluate the antidepressant-like effect of allopregnanolone not only in other directly infused regions but also with respect to changes in other brain areas of the limbic system to understand allopregnanolone's mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurício S Nin
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Sarmento Leite, 245, 90050-170, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Yaşar ŞN, Can ÖD, Öztürk N, Sagratini G, Ricciutelli M, Vittori S, Maggi F. Central Nervous System Activities of Hypericum origanifolium
Extract via GABAergic and Opioidergic Mechanisms. Phytother Res 2012; 27:877-84. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 07/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Şahin Nuri Yaşar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Özgür Devrim Can
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Nilgün Öztürk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy; Anadolu University; 26470 Eskişehir Turkey
| | - Gianni Sagratini
- School of Pharmacy; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
| | | | - Sauro Vittori
- School of Pharmacy; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy; University of Camerino; 62032 Camerino Italy
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Betti AH, Stein AC, Dallegrave E, Wouters ATB, Watanabe TTN, Driemeier D, Buffon A, Rates SMK. Acute and repeated-doses (28 days) toxicity study of Hypericum polyanthemum Klotzsch ex Reichardt (Guttiferare) in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:2349-55. [PMID: 22525862 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2011] [Revised: 04/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hypericum polyanthemum, a South Brazilian species showed antidepressant-like and antinociceptive effects in rodents. Since limited information is available on the toxicity and safety profile of the Hypericum genus, we therefore investigated whether H. polyanthemum cyclo-hexane extract (POL) treatment could be associated with toxicity in preclinical setting using mice as an experimental model. These toxicity studies were based on the guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD-guidelines 423 and 407). Animals received POL single dose (2000 mg/kg, p.o.) or daily for 28-days (90, 450 and 900 mg/kg, p.o.). Acute toxicity study did not detect any clinical signs, changes in behavior or mortality. In repeated dose toxicity study, POL affected the body weight gain and induced biochemical, hematological and liver histological changes at 450 and 900 mg/kg. Mice treated with POL 90 mg/kg did not show any toxicity signs. In conclusion H. polyanthemum can be classified as safe (category 5) according to OECD acute toxicity parameters. However, the alterations observed after repeated treatment with high doses suggest that the liver could be the target organ on potential H. polyanthemum toxicity and point to the need of further toxicity studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andresa Heemann Betti
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Can OD, Ozkay UD. Effects of Hypericum montbretti extract on the central nervous system and involvement of GABA (A)/Benzodiazepine receptors in its pharmacological activity. Phytother Res 2012; 26:1695-700. [PMID: 22395896 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.4629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to investigate the putative activity of a methanol extract of Hypericum montbretti (Guttiferae) on the central nervous system. Rutin (1519 ppm) and quercitrin (784 ppm) were identified as the major phenolic compounds in the extract. When administered at 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg doses, the extract decreased the total number of head-dipping behaviours performed by mice during a hole-board test. Administration of both the extract and diazepam (2 mg/kg) reduced spontaneous locomotory activity, potentiated hexobarbital (60 mg/kg)-induced sleeping parameters and prevented pentylenetetrazole (80 mg/kg)-induced seizures relative to the controls. These findings are the first to indicate the sedative and anticonvulsant activities of H. montbretti extract. Atropine (2 mg/kg) and naloxone (5 mg/kg) pre-treatment did not reverse the sedative effect, indicating that muscarinic and opioidergic mechanisms did not contribute to the pharmacological action. However, pre-treatment with flumazenil (a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist) reversed both the sedative and anticonvulsant effects induced by a 100 mg/kg dose of the extract, indicating the involvement of the GABA(A)-benzodiazepine receptor complex. In conclusion, H. montbretti extract is a novel candidate as a sedative and anticonvulsant drug for the treatment of sleep disorders and for the prevention of epileptic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozgür Devrim Can
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskisehir, Turkey.
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Stein AC, Viana AF, Müller LG, Nunes JM, Stolz ED, Do Rego JC, Costentin J, von Poser GL, Rates SMK. Uliginosin B, a phloroglucinol derivative from Hypericum polyanthemum: a promising new molecular pattern for the development of antidepressant drugs. Behav Brain Res 2011; 228:66-73. [PMID: 22155486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2011.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study we have demonstrated that cyclohexane extract of Hypericum polyanthemum (POL) and its main phloroglucinol derivative uliginosin B (ULI) present antidepressant-like activity in rodent forced swimming test (FST). The involvement of monoaminergic neurotransmission on the antidepressant-like activity of ULI was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. POL 90 mg/kg (p.o.) and ULI 10 mg/kg (p.o.) reduced the immobility time in the mice FST without altering locomotion activity in the open-field test. The combination of sub-effective doses of POL (45 mg/kg, p.o.) and ULI (5 mg/kg, p.o.) with sub-effective doses of imipramine (10 mg/kg, p.o.), bupropion (3 mg/kg, p.o.) and fluoxetine (15 mg/kg, p.o.) induced a significant reduction on immobility time in FST. The pretreatment with SCH 23390 (15 μg/kg, s.c., dopamine D1 receptor antagonist), sulpiride (50 mg/kg, i.p., dopamine D2 receptor antagonist), prazosin (1mg/kg, i.p., α1-adrenoceptor antagonist), yohimbine (1mg/kg, i.p., α2-adrenoceptor antagonist) and pCPA (100 mg/kg/day, i.p., p-chlorophenilalanine methyl ester, inhibitor of serotonin synthesis, for four consecutive days) before ULI administration (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly prevented the anti-immobility effect in FST. ULI was able to inhibit synaptosomal uptake of dopamine (IC50 = 90 ± 38 nM), serotonin (IC50 = 252 ± 13 nM) and noradrenaline (280 ± 48 nM), but it did not bind to any of the monoamine transporters. These data firstly demonstrated the antidepressant-like effect of POL and ULI, which depends on the activation of the monoaminergic neurotransmission in a different manner from the most antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Stein
- Graduate Studies Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Viana AF, Maciel IS, Dornelles FN, Figueiredo CP, Siqueira JM, Campos MM, Calixto JB. Kinin B1 receptors mediate depression-like behavior response in stressed mice treated with systemic E. coli lipopolysaccharide. J Neuroinflammation 2010; 7:98. [PMID: 21194425 PMCID: PMC3022820 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-7-98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 12/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinin B1 receptors are inducible molecules up-regulated after inflammatory stimuli. This study evaluated the relevance of kinin B1 receptors in a mouse depression behavior model. METHODS Mice were exposed to a 5-min swimming session, and 30 min later they were injected with E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Depression-like behavior was assessed by determining immobility time in a tail suspension test. Different brain structures were collected for molecular and immunohistochemical studies. Anhedonia was assessed by means of a sucrose intake test. RESULTS Our protocol elicited an increase in depression-like behavior in CF1 mice, as assessed by the tail-suspension test, at 24 h. This behavior was significantly reduced by treatment with the selective B1 receptor antagonists R-715 and SSR240612. Administration of SSR240612 also prevented an increase in number of activated microglial cells in mouse hippocampus, but did not affect a reduction in expression of mRNA for brain-derived neurotrophic factor. The increased immobility time following LPS treatment was preceded by an enhancement of hippocampal and cortical B1 receptor mRNA expression (which were maximal at 1 h), and a marked production of TNFα in serum, brain and cerebrospinal fluid (between 1 and 6 h). The depression-like behavior was virtually abolished in TNFα p55 receptor-knockout mice, and increased B1 receptor mRNA expression was completely absent in this mouse strain. Furthermore, treatment with SSR240612 was also effective in preventing anhedonia in LPS-treated mice, as assessed using a sucrose preference test. CONCLUSION Our data show, for the first time, involvement of kinin B1 receptors in depressive behavioral responses, in a process likely associated with microglial activation and TNFα production. Thus, selective and orally active B1 receptor antagonists might well represent promising pharmacological tools for depression therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Behavior, Animal/drug effects
- Behavior, Animal/physiology
- Brain/cytology
- Brain/metabolism
- Depression/physiopathology
- Humans
- Kinins
- Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Microglia/cytology
- Microglia/metabolism
- Receptor, Bradykinin B1/genetics
- Receptor, Bradykinin B1/metabolism
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/genetics
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I/metabolism
- Stress, Psychological
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors/metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice F Viana
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Izaque S Maciel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabiana N Dornelles
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Claudia P Figueiredo
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jarbas M Siqueira
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria M Campos
- Faculty of Dentistry, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Institute of Toxicology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - João B Calixto
- Pharmacology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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