1
|
Przegaliński E, Witek K, Wydra K, Kotlińska JH, Filip M. 5-HT2C Receptor Stimulation in Obesity Treatment: Orthosteric Agonists vs. Allosteric Modulators. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061449. [PMID: 36986191 PMCID: PMC10058696 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a substantial health and economic issue, and serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter system involved in the regulation of body weight. The 5-HT2C receptors (5-HT2CRs), one of 16 of the 5-HT receptor (5-HTRs) subtypes, play a significant role in food intake and body weight control. In this review, we focused on the 5-HTR agonists, such as fenfluramines, sibutramine, and lorcaserin, which act directly or indirectly at 5-HT2CRs and have been introduced into the clinic as antiobesity medications. Due to their unwanted effects, they were withdrawn from the market. The 5-HT2CR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) can be potentially safer active drugs than 5-HT2CR agonists. However, more in vivo validation of PAMs is required to fully determine if these drugs will be effective in obesity prevention and antiobesity pharmacology treatment. Methodology strategy: This review focuses on the role of 5-HT2CR agonism in obesity treatment, such as food intake regulation and weight gain. The literature was reviewed according to the review topic. We searched the PubMed and Scopus databases and Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute open-access scientific journals using the following keyword search strategy depending on the chapter phrases: (1) “5-HT2C receptor” AND “food intake”, and (2) “5-HT2C receptor” AND “obesity” AND “respective agonists”, and (3) “5-HT2C receptor” AND “PAM”. We included preclinical studies (only present the weight loss effects) and double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials published since the 1975s (mostly related to antiobesity treatment), and excluded the pay-walled articles. After the search process, the authors selected, carefully screened, and reviewed appropriate papers. In total, 136 articles were included in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Przegaliński
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kacper Witek
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
| | - Jolanta H. Kotlińska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki Street 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Department of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna Street 12, 31-343 Krakow, Poland; (K.W.); (K.W.); (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Namballa HK, Madapa S, Sigalapalli DK, Harding WW. Semisynthetic Transformations on (+)-Boldine Reveal a 5-HT 2A/2CR Antagonist. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2022; 85:2149-2158. [PMID: 36001775 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aporphine alkaloids have shown affinity for serotonin receptors (5-HTRs), and there has been a recent upsurge of interest in aporphines as 5-HT2CR ligands. 1,2,9,10-Tetraoxygenated aporphine alkaloids in particular have demonstrated good affinity for 5-HTRs. In continued efforts to understand the impacts of structural modification of the 1,2,9,10-tetraoxygenated aporphine template on affinity, selectivity, and activity at 5-HT2R subtypes, we used (+)-boldine (8) as a semisynthetic feedstock in the preparation of C-2-alkoxylated (+)-predicentrine analogues. Compound 10n, which contains a benzyloxy group at C-2, has been identified as a novel 5-HT2CR ligand with strong affinity (4 nM) and moderate selectivity versus 5-HT2BR and 5-HT2AR (12-fold and 6-fold, respectively). Compound 10n functions as an antagonist at 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors. Computational experiments indicate that several hydrophobic interactions as well as strong H-bond and salt bridge interactions between the protonated amine moiety in 10n and Asp134 are responsible for the potent 5-HT2CR affinity of this compound. Furthermore, compound 10n displays favorable predicted drug-like characteristics, which is encouraging toward future optimization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hari K Namballa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Sudharshan Madapa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Dilep K Sigalapalli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vignan Pharmacy College, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Vadlamudi 522213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hadizadeh H, Flores J, Nunes E, Mayerson T, Potenza MN, Angarita GA. Novel Pharmacological Agents for the Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorder. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-022-00246-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
4
|
Desrochers SS, Nautiyal KM. Serotonin 1B receptor effects on response inhibition are independent of inhibitory learning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2022; 187:107574. [PMID: 34902574 PMCID: PMC8900532 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2021.107574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Impulsivity is defined in terms of deficits in instrumental response inhibition, when the inability to withhold an action produces a negative outcome. However, there are many behavioral and cognitive constructs which theoretically could contribute to disordered impulsivity, including Pavlovian responding, which few studies have considered in this context. In the present set of studies, we examine Pavlovian inhibitory learning and excitatory responding in a mouse model for dysregulated impulsivity, specifically, mice lacking the serotonin 1B receptor (5-HT1BR). Consistent with previous results, we show that these mice display increased impulsivity as measured by premature responding in the operant 5-choice serial reaction time test. In a Pavlovian conditioned inhibition paradigm, they also show a decreased ability to withhold responding, but importantly have an intact ability to learn inhibitory associations. In a Pavlovian appetitive conditioning experiment, 5-HT1BR knockout mice show normal responding under a positive contingency schedule, however, they display increased responding to cues presented on an independent schedule from reinforcement in a zero contingency schedule. Interestingly this difference does not occur when the cues are explicitly unpaired in a negative contingency schedule, nor during a 25% reinforcement schedule. Overall, while our results show that the deficits in operant response inhibition in mice lacking 5-HT1BR are likely not due to Pavlovian inhibitory or excitatory learning, it is relevant to consider associative learning in the context of dysregulated impulsive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katherine M. Nautiyal
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755,To whom correspondence should be addressed: Katherine M. Nautiyal, PhD, 6207 Moore Hall, Hanover, NH 03755, 603-646-2778,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang J, Pham M, Panenka WJ, Honer WG, Barr AM. Chronic Treatment With Psilocybin Decreases Changes in Body Weight in a Rodent Model of Obesity. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:891512. [PMID: 35664477 PMCID: PMC9157591 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.891512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are currently relatively few effective pharmacological treatments for obesity, and existing ones may be associated with limiting side-effects. In the search for novel anti-obesity agents, drugs that modify central serotonergic systems have historically proven to be effective in promoting weight loss. Psilocin, which is rapidly metabolized from psilocybin, is an agonist at multiple serotonin receptors. In the present study we assessed the effects of psilocybin and a positive control (metformin) on changes in body weight in a rat model of obesity. METHODS Five groups of adult male rats were pre-conditioned with a cafeteria diet until obese (>600 g) and then treated with either psilocybin (0.1, 1, or 5 mg/kg, i.p.), metformin (300 mg/kg, p.o.) or vehicle control. Treatments were for 27 consecutive weekdays, and body weights and high calorie food intake were recorded daily. Fasting glucose levels were recorded after 11 days of treatment. At the end of treatment rats completed a glucose tolerance test, and multiple fat pads were dissected out to assess adiposity. RESULTS The medium dose psilocybin group had to be terminated from the study prematurely. Both the low and high dose psilocybin groups caused a significant decrease in changes in body weight compared to controls. The metformin group produced a greater decrease in change in body weight than either psilocybin groups or controls. Both high dose psilocybin and metformin decreased consumption of the high calorie diet, and exhibited decreased central adiposity. CONCLUSION Psilocybin demonstrated modest but significant effects on weight gain. Further study is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Michelle Pham
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William J Panenka
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Mental Health & Substance Use Services Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - William G Honer
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Mental Health & Substance Use Services Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alasdair M Barr
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,British Columbia Mental Health & Substance Use Services Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Luzi L, Gandini S, Massarini S, Bellerba F, Terruzzi I, Senesi P, Macrì C, Ferrulli A. Reduction of impulsivity in patients receiving deep transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment for obesity. Endocrine 2021; 74:559-570. [PMID: 34173157 PMCID: PMC8571225 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-021-02802-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aims of the present study were to investigate a wide array of psychological symptoms through validated psychometric tests, before and after 5 weeks of deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) in individuals with obesity, and to identify possible relationships with neuroendocrine parameters. METHODS Forty-five patients with obesity (33 F, 12 M; age 48.8 ± 9.9 years; body wt 97.6 ± 14.2 Kg; BMI 36.2 ± 4.2) were randomized into two groups: 26 received high frequency (HF) dTMS and 19 Sham stimulation for 5 weeks. At baseline and after the 5-week treatment, all patients underwent the following psychometric evaluations: Food Cravings Questionnaire-Trait (FCQ-T) and its subscales, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-y1 and STAI-y2), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Hormonal and neuroendocrine markers were assessed at the first and last dTMS session. RESULTS By adjusting for baseline variables and treatment arms, a significant decrease in body wt and BMI was found in HF group, both with univariate (p = 0.019) and multivariate analyses (p = 0.012). Impulsivity significantly decreased in HF group, both with univariate (p = 0.031) and multivariate analyses (p = 0.011). A positive association between the impulsivity score change and the leptin level variation (p = 0.031) was found. CONCLUSION The decrease of impulsivity together with the BMI reduction in individuals with obesity, treated with real stimulation, suggests that impulsivity may be a risk factor for obesity. Treatment with dTMS revealed to be effective in reducing both BMI and impulsivity by enhancing inhibitory capacity of Pre-Frontal Cortex (PFC), and modulating neuroendocrine system, especially leptin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Gandini
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Massarini
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Bellerba
- Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Pamela Senesi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Concetta Macrì
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Ferrulli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Sesto San Giovanni, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Georgescu T, Lyons D, Heisler LK. Role of serotonin in body weight, insulin secretion and glycaemic control. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e12960. [PMID: 33909316 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are key healthcare challenges of the 21st century. Subsequent to its discovery in 1948, serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) has emerged as a principal modulator of energy homeostasis and body weight, prompting it to be a target of weight loss medications (eg, fenfluramine, D-fenfluramine, fenfluramine-phentermine and sibutramine). The potential risk of off-target effects led to these medications being withdrawn from clinical use and spurred drug discovery into 5-HT receptor selective ligands. The serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2C R) is the primary receptor through which 5-HT impacts feeding and body weight and 5-HT2C R agonist lorcaserin was released for obesity treatment in 2012. Obese patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed medications that produce weight loss commonly observe improvements in type 2 diabetes. However, recent research has provided compelling evidence that 5-HT2C R agonists produce effects on blood glucose and insulin sensitivity independent of weight loss. As such, neuroactive 5-HT2C R agonists are a potential new category of type 2 diabetes medications. 5-HT is also expressed within pancreatic β cells, is co-released with insulin and may have a role in modulating insulin secretion. This review highlights the latest advances in the function of 5-HT in body weight, insulin release and glycaemic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Georgescu
- Department of Anatomy, Centre for Neuroendocrinology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Lyons
- School of Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Whole-brain activation signatures of weight-lowering drugs. Mol Metab 2021; 47:101171. [PMID: 33529728 PMCID: PMC7895844 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The development of effective anti-obesity therapeutics relies heavily on the ability to target specific brain homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms controlling body weight. To obtain further insight into neurocircuits recruited by anti-obesity drug treatment, the present study aimed to determine whole-brain activation signatures of six different weight-lowering drug classes. METHODS Chow-fed C57BL/6J mice (n = 8 per group) received acute treatment with lorcaserin (7 mg/kg; i.p.), rimonabant (10 mg/kg; i.p.), bromocriptine (10 mg/kg; i.p.), sibutramine (10 mg/kg; p.o.), semaglutide (0.04 mg/kg; s.c.) or setmelanotide (4 mg/kg; s.c.). Brains were sampled two hours post-dosing and whole-brain neuronal activation patterns were analysed at single-cell resolution using c-Fos immunohistochemistry and automated quantitative three-dimensional (3D) imaging. RESULTS The whole-brain analysis comprised 308 atlas-defined mouse brain areas. To enable fast and efficient data mining, a web-based 3D imaging data viewer was developed. All weight-lowering drugs demonstrated brain-wide responses with notable similarities in c-Fos expression signatures. Overlapping c-Fos responses were detected in discrete homeostatic and non-homeostatic feeding centres located in the dorsal vagal complex and hypothalamus with concurrent activation of several limbic structures as well as the dopaminergic system. CONCLUSIONS Whole-brain c-Fos expression signatures of various weight-lowering drug classes point to a discrete set of brain regions and neurocircuits which could represent key neuroanatomical targets for future anti-obesity therapeutics.
Collapse
|
9
|
Escartín Pérez RE, Mancilla Díaz JM, Cortés Salazar F, López Alonso VE, Florán Garduño B. CB1/5-HT/GABA interactions and food intake regulation. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 259:177-196. [PMID: 33541676 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Despite historically the serotonergic, GABAergic, and cannabinoid systems have been shown to play a crucial role in the central regulation of eating behavior, interest in the study of the interactions of these neurotransmission systems has only now been investigated. Current evidence suggests that serotonin may influence normal and pathological eating behavior in significantly more complex ways than was initially thought. This knowledge has opened the possibility of exploring the potential clinical utility of new therapeutic strategies more effective and safer than the current approaches to treat pathological eating behavior. Furthermore, the nature and complexity of the interactions between these neurotransmitter systems have provided a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms not only of eating behavior and eating disorders but also of some of the comorbidities associated with modulation of cortical circuits, which are involved in high order cognitive processes. Accordingly, in the present chapter, the clinical and experimental findings of the interactions between serotonin, GABA, and cannabinoids are synthesized, emphasizing the pharmacological, neurophysiological, and neuroanatomical aspects that could potentially improve the current therapeutic approaches against pathological eating behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Erick Escartín Pérez
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México.
| | - Juan Manuel Mancilla Díaz
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México
| | - Felipe Cortés Salazar
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México
| | - Verónica Elsa López Alonso
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México
| | - Benjamín Florán Garduño
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, División de Investigación y Posgrado, Laboratorio de Neurobiología de la Alimentación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, México
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Johns SE, Keyser-Marcus L, Abbate A, Boone E, Van Tassell B, Cunningham KA, Anastasio NC, Poklis JL, Ramey T, Moeller FG. Safety and Preliminary Efficacy of Lorcaserin for Cocaine Use Disorder: A Phase I Randomized Clinical Trial. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:666945. [PMID: 34276440 PMCID: PMC8283411 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.666945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Preclinical studies show serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2C receptor (5-HT2CR) agonists reduce cocaine-seeking and cocaine intake. This study examined safety of the 5-HT2CR agonist lorcaserin administered with cocaine in participants with cocaine use disorder (CocUD). Secondarily, subjective response to cocaine and choice of cocaine vs. money were examined. Methods: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 25 inpatient non-treatment seeking participants with CocUD. Participants were randomized to either lorcaserin (n = 17) or placebo (n = 8). Primary outcome measures included cardiovascular measures and plasma cocaine levels. Secondary measures of subjective response to cocaine were assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS) and cocaine vs. money progressive ratio choice sessions. Results: Thirteen randomized participants were included in the final analysis. No serious or unexpected adverse events were related to lorcaserin. There were no significant interactions between cocaine and lorcaserin on cardiovascular measures, plasma cocaine, or subjective ratings. After multiple comparisons correction, cocaine significantly increased blood pressure, heart rate, and QTc. Lorcaserin significantly decreased VAS ratings of "feel irritable," "feel hungry," and "I am craving." For the cocaine vs. money choice procedure, there was a significant interaction between choice (cocaine vs. money) and lorcaserin. Participants treated with lorcaserin were more likely to choose cocaine. Discussion and Conclusions: This study showed safety of lorcaserin administered with cocaine but lack of efficacy to reduce the reinforcing effects of cocaine. Scientific Significance: This study is the first to show a disconnect between effects of 5-HT2CR agonists on craving and cocaine choice in human cocaine users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sade E Johns
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Lori Keyser-Marcus
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Antonio Abbate
- Pauley Heart Center School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Edward Boone
- Department of Statistical Sciences and Operations Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Benjamin Van Tassell
- Pauley Heart Center School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Kathryn A Cunningham
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Noelle C Anastasio
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Addiction Research, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Justin L Poklis
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Tatiana Ramey
- Division of Therapeutics and Medical Consequences, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - F Gerard Moeller
- Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States.,C. Kenneth and Dianne Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Park CHK, Lee JW, Lee SY, Moon J, Jeon DW, Shim SH, Cho SJ, Kim SG, Lee J, Paik JW, Kim MH, You S, Jeon HJ, Rhee SJ, Kim MJ, Kim J, Ahn YM. Suicide risk factors across suicidal ideators, single suicide attempters, and multiple suicide attempters. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 131:1-8. [PMID: 32891923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have compared the three suicidality groups-suicidal ideators (SIs), single suicide attempters (SSAs), and multiple suicide attempters (MSAs)-in relation to the suicidal process. This cross-sectional study investigated trends and differences in suicide risk factors across suicidality groups. Using the baseline data of the Korean Cohort for the Model Predicting a Suicide and Suicide-related Behavior, we analyzed trends (Jonckheere-Terpstra or Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test) and differences (analysis of covariance or logistic regression) in sociodemographic and clinical factors, psychiatric diagnoses, as well as clinical rating scores on psychopathology (suicidal ideation, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and problem drinking), trait impulsiveness, and stress across suicidality groups. Across suicidality groups comprising 193 SIs, 207 SSAs, and 376 MSAs, we observed a decreasing trend in age and increasing trends in history of early trauma, familial histories of suicide attempts and suicide, most diagnoses and psychopathologies (suicidal ideation, anxiety symptoms, and problem drinking), trait impulsiveness, and stress-with MSAs more likely to have histories of early trauma and familial suicide, almost uniformly higher proportions of diagnoses, and higher psychopathology rating scores. Overall, increasing trends in suicide risk factors were found across all suicidality groups. Notably, MSAs presented greater proportions of most psychiatric diagnoses and higher degrees of most psychopathologies, motor impulsiveness, and stress, indicating they were at more severe clinical states and were closer to suicide. Mental health professionals should ascertain the number of suicide attempts to identify MSAs, implement more thorough evaluations, and employ additional measures for reducing motor impulsiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Hyung Keun Park
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Wonkwang University Hospital, 895 Muwangno, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, 54538, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungjoon Moon
- Department of Psychiatry, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
| | - Dong-Wook Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, 75 Bokji-ro, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, Republic of Korea.
| | - Se-Hoon Shim
- Department of Psychiatry, Soon Chun Hyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soon Chun Hyang University, 31 Suncheonhyang 6-gil, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, 31151, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, 21 Namdong-daero 774 beon-gil, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 21565, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shin Gyeom Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soon Chun Hyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeewon Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Soon Chun Hyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon, Gyeonggi-do, 14584, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Woo Paik
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, 20 Ilsan-ro, Wonju, Gangwon-do, 26426, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sungeun You
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Seowon-gu, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, 28644, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hong Jin Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Depression Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 06351, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Jin Rhee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yong Min Ahn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The serotonergic modulation of feeding behaviour has been intensively studied in several invertebrate groups, including Arthropoda, Annelida, Nematoda and Mollusca. These studies offer comparative information on feeding regulation across divergent phyla and also provide general insights into the neural control of feeding. Specifically, model invertebrates are ideal for parsing feeding behaviour into component parts and examining the underlying mechanisms at the levels of biochemical pathways, single cells and identified neural circuitry. Research has found that serotonin is crucial during certain phases of feeding behaviour, especially movements directly underlying food intake, but inessential during other phases. In addition, while the serotonin system can be manipulated systemically in many animals, invertebrate model organisms also allow manipulations at the level of single cells and molecules, revealing limited and precise serotonergic actions. The latter highlight the importance of local versus global modulatory effects of serotonin, a potentially significant consideration for drug and pesticide design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann Jane Tierney
- Neuroscience Program, Psychological and Brain Sciences, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharp T, Barnes NM. Central 5-HT receptors and their function; present and future. Neuropharmacology 2020; 177:108155. [PMID: 32522572 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Since our review of central 5-HT receptors and their function twenty years ago, no new 5-HT receptor has been discovered and there is little evidence that this situation will change in the near future. Nevertheless, over this time significant progress has been made in our understanding of the properties of these receptors and in the clinical translation of this information, and some of these developments are highlighted herein. Such highlights include extensive mapping of 5-HT receptors in both animal and human brain, culminating in readily-accessible brain atlases of 5-HT receptor distribution, as well as emerging data on how 5-HT receptors are distributed within complex neural circuits. Also, a range of important pharmacological and genetic tools have been developed that allow selective 5-HT receptor manipulation, in cells through to whole organism models. Moreover, unexpected complexity in 5-HT receptor function has been identified including agonist-dependent signalling that goes beyond the pharmacology of canonical 5-HT receptor signalling pathways set down in the 1980s and 1990s. This new knowledge of 5-HT signalling has been extended by the discovery of combined signalling of 5-HT and co-released neurotransmitters, especially glutamate. Another important advance has been the progression of a large number of 5-HT ligands through to experimental medicine studies and clinical trials, and some such agents have already become prescribed therapeutic drugs. Much more needs to be discovered and understood by 5-HT neuropharmacologists, not least how the diverse signalling effects of so many 5-HT receptor types interact with complex neural circuits to generate neurophysiological changes which ultimately lead to altered cognitions and behaviour. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Serotonin Research: Crossing Scales and Boundaries'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Sharp
- University of Oxford, Department of Pharmacology, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3QT, UK.
| | - Nicholas M Barnes
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Higgins GA, Brown M, St John J, MacMillan C, Silenieks LB, Thevarkunnel S. Effects of 5-HT 2C receptor modulation and the NA reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine in tests of compulsive and impulsive behaviour. Neuropharmacology 2020; 170:108064. [PMID: 32222404 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug repositioning has gained strategic value as a reaction to high attrition rates of new drugs as they pass through the clinical development process. The 5-HT2C receptor agonist lorcaserin (Belviq®), and the selective NA reuptake inhibitor atomoxetine (Strattera®) represent two drugs FDA approved for obesity and ADHD respectively. Although both drugs are of differing pharmacological class, each share a property of regulating impulsive behaviours in preclinical studies, and thus represent candidates for consideration in clinical conditions labelled as 'impulsive-compulsive disorders'. The present studies investigated both drugs, as well as the highly selective 5-HT2C agonist CP-809101 in two tests of compulsive action: schedule-induced polydipsia (SIP) and increased perseverative [PSV] (and premature [PREM]) responses emitted during an extended ITI 5-choice task. While lorcaserin (0.06-0.6 mg/kg), CP-809101 (0.1-1 mg/kg) and atomoxetine (0.1-1 mg/kg) each reduced both PREM and PSV measures in the 5-choice task, at equivalent doses only lorcaserin and CP-809101 affected excessive water intake in the SIP task, atomoxetine (0.1-2 mg/kg) was essentially ineffective. Further evidence supporting a role of the 5-HT2C receptor as an important regulator of impulsive-compulsive behaviours, the selective antagonist SB-242084 produced the opposing effects to lorcaserin, i.e promoting both impulsive and compulsive behaviours. The profile of atomoxetine may suggest differences in the nature of compulsive action measured either as non-regulatory drinking in the SIP task, and PSV responses made in a 5-choice task. These studies support the consideration of 5-HT2C receptor agonists, typified by lorcaserin, and atomoxetine as potential treatments for clinical conditions categorised as 'impulsive-compulsive disorders'. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Serotonin Research: Crossing Scales and Boundaries'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy A Higgins
- InterVivo Solutions Inc., PO Box 248, Fergus, ON, N1M 1N0, Canada; Dept Pharmacology & Toxicology, U. Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 4K2, Canada.
| | - Matt Brown
- InterVivo Solutions Inc., PO Box 248, Fergus, ON, N1M 1N0, Canada
| | - Jessica St John
- InterVivo Solutions Inc., PO Box 248, Fergus, ON, N1M 1N0, Canada
| | - Cam MacMillan
- InterVivo Solutions Inc., PO Box 248, Fergus, ON, N1M 1N0, Canada
| | - Leo B Silenieks
- InterVivo Solutions Inc., PO Box 248, Fergus, ON, N1M 1N0, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Davies JR, Wilkinson LS, Isles AR, Humby T. Prader-Willi syndrome imprinting centre deletion mice have impaired baseline and 5-HT2CR-mediated response inhibition. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:3013-3023. [PMID: 31087031 PMCID: PMC6737253 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by deletion or inactivation of paternally expressed imprinted genes on human chromosome 15q11–q13. In addition to endocrine and developmental issues, PWS presents with behavioural problems including stereotyped behaviour, impulsiveness and cognitive deficits. The PWS genetic interval contains several brain-expressed small nucleolar (sno) RNA species that are subject to genomic imprinting, including snord115 that negatively regulates post-transcriptional modification of the serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT2CR) pre-mRNA potentially leading to a reduction in 5-HT2CR function. Using the imprinting centre deletion mouse model for PWS (PWSICdel) we have previously shown impairments in a number of behaviours, some of which are abnormally sensitive to 5-HT2CR-selective drugs. In the stop-signal reaction time task test of impulsivity, PWSICdel mice showed increased impulsivity relative to wild-type (WT) littermates. Challenge with the selective 5-HT2CR agonist WAY163909 reduced impulsivity in PWSICdel mice but had no effect on WT behaviour. This behavioural dissociation in was also reflected in differential patterns of immunoreactivity of the immediate early gene c-Fos, with a blunted response to the drug in the orbitofrontal cortex of PWSICdel mice, but no difference in c-Fos activation in the nucleus accumbens. These findings suggest specific facets of response inhibition are impaired in PWSICdel mice and that abnormal 5-HT2CR function may mediate this dissociation. These data have implications for our understanding of the aetiology of PWS-related behavioural traits and translational relevance for individuals with PWS who may seek to control appetite with the new obesity treatment 5-HT2CR agonist lorcaserin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R Davies
- Behavioural Genetics Group, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Schools of Medicine
| | - Lawrence S Wilkinson
- Behavioural Genetics Group, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Schools of Medicine.,Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Anthony R Isles
- Behavioural Genetics Group, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Schools of Medicine
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Higgins GA, Fletcher PJ, Shanahan WR. Lorcaserin: A review of its preclinical and clinical pharmacology and therapeutic potential. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 205:107417. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
17
|
Tchang BG, Abel B, Zecca C, Saunders KH, Shukla AP. An up-to-date evaluation of lorcaserin hydrochloride for the treatment of obesity. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 21:21-28. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1685496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Beverly G. Tchang
- Comprehensive Weight Control Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Katherine H. Saunders
- Comprehensive Weight Control Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alpana P. Shukla
- Comprehensive Weight Control Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dourish CT, Clifton PG. Multidisciplinary approaches to the study of eating disorders and obesity: Recent progress in research and development and future prospects. J Psychopharmacol 2017; 31:1383-1387. [PMID: 29157103 DOI: 10.1177/0269881117740779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|