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Pastena P, Perera H, Martinino A, Kartsonis W, Giovinazzo F. Unraveling Biomarker Signatures in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review for Targeted Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2559. [PMID: 38473804 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer, marked by poor outcomes and dismal prognosis. Due to the absence of targetable receptors, chemotherapy still represents the main therapeutic option. Therefore, current research is now focusing on understanding the specific molecular pathways implicated in TNBC, in order to identify novel biomarker signatures and develop targeted therapies able to improve its clinical management. With the aim of identifying novel molecular features characterizing TNBC, elucidating the mechanisms by which these molecular biomarkers are implicated in the tumor development and progression, and assessing the impact on cancerous cells following their inhibition or modulation, we conducted a literature search from the earliest works to December 2023 on PubMed, Scopus, and Web Of Science. A total of 146 studies were selected. The results obtained demonstrated that TNBC is characterized by a heterogeneous molecular profile. Several biomarkers have proven not only to be characteristic of TNBC but also to serve as potential effective therapeutic targets, holding the promise of a new era of personalized treatments able to improve its prognosis. The pre-clinical findings that have emerged from our systematic review set the stage for further investigation in forthcoming clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Pastena
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | - Hiran Perera
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | | | - William Kartsonis
- Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, Brookhaven, NY 11794, USA
| | - Francesco Giovinazzo
- Department of Surgery, Saint Camillus Hospital, 31100 Treviso, Italy
- Department of Surgery, UniCamillus-Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Department of Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Ma S, Wei H, Wang C, Han J, Chen X, Li Y. MiR-26b-5p inhibits cell proliferation and EMT by targeting MYCBP in triple-negative breast cancer. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2021; 26:52. [PMID: 34895159 PMCID: PMC8903572 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-021-00288-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study was designed to elucidate the association and functional roles of miR-26b-5p and c-MYC binding protein (MYCBP) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Method Luciferase reporter assay was used to confirm the relationship between miR-26b-5p and MYCBP in TNBC cells. The expression levels of miR-26b-5p and MYCBP in tissue specimens and cell lines were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed using CCK-8 assay, colony formation and transwell assay. Results We first observed that miR-26b-5p directly targets the 3′-UTR of MYCBP to inhibit MYCBP expression in MDA-MB-468 and BT-549 cells. The expression of miR-26b-5p was inversely correlated with MYCBP expression in TNBC tissues. We further demonstrated that MYCBP knockdown suppressed the proliferation, migration and invasion of TNBC cells. Furthermore, MYCBP overexpression counteracted the suppressive effect of miR-26b-5p on TNBC cell behaviors. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the E-cadherin protein level was increased, while protein levels of N-cadherin and vimentin were decreased in cells transfected with miR-26b-5p, which were all reversed by ectopic expression of MYCBP. Conclusions In summary, our findings revealed the tumor suppressive role of miR-26b-5p in regulating TNBC cell proliferation and mobility, possibly by targeting MYCBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugang Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Hui Wei
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Jixia Han
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Xiumin Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Jinan Sixth People's Hospital, No. 1920 Huiquan Road, Zhangqiu District, Jinan, 250200, Shandong, China.
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Hussain AR, Siraj AK, Ahmed M, Bu R, Pratheeshkumar P, Alrashed AM, Qadri Z, Ajarim D, Al-Dayel F, Beg S, Al-Kuraya KS. XIAP over-expression is an independent poor prognostic marker in Middle Eastern breast cancer and can be targeted to induce efficient apoptosis. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:640. [PMID: 28893228 PMCID: PMC5594504 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females and is ranked second in cancer-related deaths all over the world in women. Despite improvement in diagnosis, the survival rate of this disease has still not improved. X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis (XIAP) has been shown to be over-expressed in various cancers leading to poor overall survival. However, the role of XIAP in breast cancer from Middle Eastern region has not been fully explored. Methods We examined the expression of XIAP in more than 1000 Middle Eastern breast cancer cases by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry. Protein expression was determined by western blotting. Finally, in vivo studies were performed on nude mice following xenografting and treatment with inhibitors. Results XIAP was found to be over-expressed in 29.5% of cases and directly associated with clinical parameters such as tumor size, extra nodal extension, triple negative breast cancer and poorly differentiated breast cancer subtype. In addition, XIAP over-expression was also significantly associated with PI3-kinase pathway protein; p-AKT, proliferative marker; Ki-67 and anti-apoptotic marker; PARP. XIAP over-expression in our cohort of breast cancer was an independent poor prognostic marker in multivariate analysis. Next, we investigated inhibition of XIAP using a specific inhibitor; embelin and found that embelin treatment led to inhibition of cell viability and induction of apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Finally, breast cancer cells treated with combination of embelin and PI3-kinase inhibitor; LY294002 synergistically induced apoptosis and caused tumor growth regression in vivo. Conclusion These data suggest that XIAP may be playing an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer and can be therapeutically targeted either alone or in combination with PI3-kinase inhibition to induce efficient apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3627-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azhar R Hussain
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Khalid Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maqbool Ahmed
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rong Bu
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Zeeshan Qadri
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dahish Ajarim
- Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaham Beg
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Cancer, MBC#98-16, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh, 11211, Saudi Arabia. .,AlFaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Overholser J, Ambegaokar KH, Eze SM, Sanabria-Figueroa E, Nahta R, Bekaii-Saab T, Kaumaya PTP. Anti-Tumor Effects of Peptide Therapeutic and Peptide Vaccine Antibody Co-targeting HER-1 and HER-2 in Esophageal Cancer (EC) and HER-1 and IGF-1R in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Vaccines (Basel) 2015; 3:519-43. [PMID: 26350593 PMCID: PMC4586465 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines3030519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the promise of targeted therapies, there remains an urgent need for effective treatment for esophageal cancer (EC) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Current FDA-approved drugs have significant problems of toxicity, safety, selectivity, efficacy and development of resistance. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that rationally designed peptide vaccines/mimics are a viable therapeutic strategy for blocking aberrant molecular signaling pathways with high affinity, specificity, potency and safety. Specifically, we postulate that novel combination treatments targeting members of the EGFR family and IGF-1R will yield significant anti-tumor effects in in vitro models of EC and TNBC possibly overcoming mechanisms of resistance. We show that the combination of HER-1 and HER-2 or HER-1 and IGF-1R peptide mimics/vaccine antibodies exhibited enhanced antitumor properties with significant inhibition of tumorigenesis in OE19 EC and MDA-MB-231 TNBC cell lines. Our work elucidates the mechanisms of HER-1/IGF-1R and HER-1/HER-2 signaling in these cancer cell lines, and the promising results support the rationale for dual targeting with HER-1 and HER-2 or IGF-1R as an improved treatment regimen for advanced therapy tailored to difference types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Overholser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Kristen Henkins Ambegaokar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Siobhan M Eze
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Eduardo Sanabria-Figueroa
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Rita Nahta
- Department of Pharmacology, Emory University and Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Tanios Bekaii-Saab
- James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Pravin T P Kaumaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
- James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Gheytanchi E, Mehrazma M, Madjd Z. Expression of Ki-67, p53 and VEGF in pediatric neuroblastoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 15:3065-70. [PMID: 24815448 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.7.3065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB), is a neuroectodermal tumor derived from neural crest cells, and it is the second most common pediatric malignant tumor. The biological and clinical behavior of NB is very heterogeneous. This study was conducted to evaluate the expression of Ki-67, p53 and VEGF markers in tissues obtained from NB patients with different histologic types and stage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Tissue microarray (TMA) blocks were constructed from paraffin blocks of the NB tissues. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on TMA sections to detect the expression of Ki-67, p53 and VEGF markers. The association between the expression of these markers and clinicopathological parameters were then analyzed. RESULTS We had 18 patients with NB, one patient with ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) and one with ganglioneuroma. Ki-67 was expressed in 13 (65%) tumors, and negatively correlated with age, prognosis, histologic type and stage of NB (all p<0.05). High and moderate expression of VEGF was found in 5% (1/20) and 65% (13/20) of the tumors, respectively; and it was positively correlated with age, prognosis and histologic types (all p<0.05) and negatively correlated with MKI (mitosis-karyorrhexis index). p53 expression was observed in 10% (2/20) of the tumors, which showed a relative correlation with MKI (p value=0.07). CONCLUSIONS VEGF as a candidate for anti-angiogenic targeted therapy was correlated with the development and progression of NB; therefore, VEGF along with Ki-67 can serve as a valuable marker for the prognosis of this tumor type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmira Gheytanchi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran E-mail :
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