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Pleskač P, Fargeas CA, Veselska R, Corbeil D, Skoda J. Emerging roles of prominin-1 (CD133) in the dynamics of plasma membrane architecture and cell signaling pathways in health and disease. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:41. [PMID: 38532366 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00554-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Prominin-1 (CD133) is a cholesterol-binding membrane glycoprotein selectively associated with highly curved and prominent membrane structures. It is widely recognized as an antigenic marker of stem cells and cancer stem cells and is frequently used to isolate them from biological and clinical samples. Recent progress in understanding various aspects of CD133 biology in different cell types has revealed the involvement of CD133 in the architecture and dynamics of plasma membrane protrusions, such as microvilli and cilia, including the release of extracellular vesicles, as well as in various signaling pathways, which may be regulated in part by posttranslational modifications of CD133 and its interactions with a variety of proteins and lipids. Hence, CD133 appears to be a master regulator of cell signaling as its engagement in PI3K/Akt, Src-FAK, Wnt/β-catenin, TGF-β/Smad and MAPK/ERK pathways may explain its broad action in many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration or intercellular communication. Here, we summarize early studies on CD133, as they are essential to grasp its novel features, and describe recent evidence demonstrating that this unique molecule is involved in membrane dynamics and molecular signaling that affects various facets of tissue homeostasis and cancer development. We hope this review will provide an informative resource for future efforts to elucidate the details of CD133's molecular function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Pleskač
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Christine A Fargeas
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Renata Veselska
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Jan Skoda
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
- International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Zheng W, Peng W, Qian F, Zhang M, Duan B, Fan Z, Xie Y, Fu X. Vitamin D suppresses CD133+/CD44 + cancer stem cell stemness by inhibiting NF-κB signaling and reducing NLRP3 expression in triple-negative breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00280-024-04660-w. [PMID: 38456956 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the role of Vitamin D (VD) in regulating the stemness and survival of CD133+/CD44 + breast cancer stem cells, and to explore the role of NLRP3 in this process. METHODS Breast cancer tissues were collected for RXRα and VDR expression analysis. A triple-negative breast cancer cell line was cultured and stem-like cells (CD133 + CD44+) isolated using flow cytometry. These cells were treated with VD, analyzing their stem-like properties, apoptosis and proliferation, as well as P65 nuclear expression and NLRP3 expression. After NLRP3 inflammasome activator treatment, the parameters were reassessed. RXRα and VDR interaction was confirmed using co-immunoprecipitation (CoIP). Finally, a subcutaneous xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer was treated with VD and subsequently analyzed for stem-like properties, proliferation, apoptosis, and NLRP3 expression levels. RESULTS CD133+/CD44 + stem cells expressed high levels of SOX2 and OCT4. VD treatment resulted in a significant decrease in SOX2 and OCT4 expression, fewer sphere-forming colonies, lower proliferation ability, and more apoptosis. Additionally, VD treatment inhibited NF-κB signaling and reduced NLRP3 expression. The NLRP3 activator BMS-986,299 counteracted the effects of VD in vitro. In vivo, VD inhibited the growth of breast cancer stem cells, reducing both tumor volume and weight, and decreased NLRP3, SOX2, and OCT4 expression within tumor tissues. CONCLUSION Findings elucidate that VD mediates the modulation of stemness in CD133+/CD44 + breast cancer stem cells through the regulation of NLRP3 expression. The research represents novel insights on the implications for the application of VD in cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zheng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China.
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
| | - Fuyong Qian
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
| | - Mingshuai Zhang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
| | - Bofeng Duan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
| | - Zhifeng Fan
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
| | - Yi Xie
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Fu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Shenzhen (The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), 29 Bulan Road, Longgang District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518112, PR China
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Moreno-Londoño AP, Robles-Flores M. Functional Roles of CD133: More than Stemness Associated Factor Regulated by the Microenvironment. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:25-51. [PMID: 37922108 PMCID: PMC10799829 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-023-10647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
CD133 protein has been one of the most used surface markers to select and identify cancer cells with stem-like features. However, its expression is not restricted to tumoral cells; it is also expressed in differentiated cells and stem/progenitor cells in various normal tissues. CD133 participates in several cellular processes, in part orchestrating signal transduction of essential pathways that frequently are dysregulated in cancer, such as PI3K/Akt signaling and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CD133 expression correlates with enhanced cell self-renewal, migration, invasion, and survival under stress conditions in cancer. Aside from the intrinsic cell mechanisms that regulate CD133 expression in each cellular type, extrinsic factors from the surrounding niche can also impact CD33 levels. The enhanced CD133 expression in cells can confer adaptive advantages by amplifying the activation of a specific signaling pathway in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we do not only describe the CD133 physiological functions known so far, but importantly, we analyze how the microenvironment changes impact the regulation of CD133 functions emphasizing its value as a marker of cell adaptability beyond a cancer-stem cell marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Patricia Moreno-Londoño
- Department of Biochemistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Martha Robles-Flores
- Department of Biochemistry, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Gisina A, Kim Y, Yarygin K, Lupatov A. Can CD133 Be Regarded as a Prognostic Biomarker in Oncology: Pros and Cons. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17398. [PMID: 38139228 PMCID: PMC10744290 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The CD133 cell membrane glycoprotein, also termed prominin-1, is expressed on some of the tumor cells of both solid and blood malignancies. The CD133-positive tumor cells were shown to exhibit higher proliferative activity, greater chemo- and radioresistance, and enhanced tumorigenicity compared to their CD133-negative counterparts. For this reason, CD133 is regarded as a potential prognostic biomarker in oncology. The CD133-positive cells are related to the cancer stem cell subpopulation in many types of cancer. Recent studies demonstrated the involvement of CD133 in the regulation of proliferation, autophagy, and apoptosis in cancer cells. There is also evidence of its participation in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition associated with tumor progression. For a number of malignant tumor types, high CD133 expression is associated with poor prognosis, and the prognostic significance of CD133 has been confirmed in a number of meta-analyses. However, some published papers suggest that CD133 has no prognostic significance or even demonstrate a certain correlation between high CD133 levels and a positive prognosis. This review summarizes and discusses the existing evidence for and against the prognostic significance of CD133 in cancer. We also consider possible reasons for conflicting findings from the studies of the clinical significance of CD133.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa Gisina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, V. N. Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119121 Moscow, Russia
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Bhattacharya S, Yin J, Huo W, Chaum E. Loss of Prom1 impairs autophagy and promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in mouse retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2373-2389. [PMID: 37610047 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the Prominin-1 (Prom1) gene disrupt photoreceptor disk morphogenesis, leading to macular dystrophies. We have shown that human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) homeostasis is under the control of Prom1-dependent autophagy, demonstrating that Prom1 plays different roles in the photoreceptors and RPE. It is unclear if retinal and macular degeneration caused by the loss of Prom1 function is a cell-autonomous feature of the RPE or a generalized disease of photoreceptor degeneration. In this study, we investigated whether Prom1 is required for mouse RPE (mRPE) autophagy and phagocytosis, which are cellular processes essential for photoreceptor survival. We found that Prom1-KO decreases autophagy flux, activates mTORC1, and concomitantly decreases transcription factor EB (TFEB) and Cathepsin-D activities in mRPE cells. In addition, Prom1-KO reduces the clearance of bovine photoreceptor outer segments in mRPE cells due to increased mTORC1 and reduced TFEB activities. Dysfunction of Prom1-dependent autophagy correlates with both a decrease in ZO-1 and E-cadherin and a concomitant increase in Vimentin, SNAI1, and ZEB1 levels, consistent with induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in Prom1-KO mRPE cells. Our results demonstrate that Prom1-mTORC1-TFEB signaling is a central driver of cell-autonomous mRPE homeostasis. We show that Prom1-KO in mRPE leads to RPE defects similar to that seen in atrophic age-related macular degeneration and opens new avenues of investigation targeting Prom1 in retinal degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujoy Bhattacharya
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jinggang Yin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Weihong Huo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Edward Chaum
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Coni P, Piras M, Piludu M, Lachowicz JI, Matteddu A, Coni S, Reali A, Fanos V, Jaremko M, Faa G, Pichiri G. Exploring cell surface markers and cell-cell interactions of human breast milk stem cells. J Public Health Res 2023; 12:22799036221150332. [PMID: 36712902 PMCID: PMC9880586 DOI: 10.1177/22799036221150332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Breakthrough studies have shown that pluripotent stem cells are present in human breast milk. The expression of pluripotency markers by breast milk cells is heterogeneous, relating to cellular hierarchy, from early-stage multi-lineage stem cells to fully differentiated mammary epithelial cells, as well as weeks of gestation and days of lactation. Design and methods Here, we qualitatively analyze cell marker expression in freshly isolated human breast milk cells, without any manipulation that could influence protein expression. Moreover, we use electron microscopy to investigate cell-cell networks in breast milk for the first time, providing evidence of active intercellular communication between cells expressing different cellular markers. Results The immunocytochemistry results of human breast milk cells showed positive staining in all samples for CD44, CD45, CD133, and Ki67 markers. Variable positivity was present with P63, Tβ4 and CK14 markers. No immunostaining was detected for Wt1, nestin, Nanog, OCT4, SOX2, CK5, and CD34 markers. Cells isolated from human breast milk form intercellular connections, which together create a cell-to-cell communication network. Conclusions Cells freshly isolated form human breast milk, without particular manipulations, show heterogeneous expression of stemness markers. The studied milk staminal cells show "pluripotency" at different stages of differentiation, and are present as single cells or grouped cells. The adjacent cell interactions are evidenced by electron microscopy, which showed the formation of intercellular connections, numerous contact regions, and thin pseudopods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierpaolo Coni
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Monica Piras
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Marco Piludu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences,
University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Joanna Izabela Lachowicz
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy,Joanna Izabela Lachowicz, Department of
Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cittadella
Universitaria, Monserrato, Cagliari 09048, Italy.
| | - Anna Matteddu
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Stefano Coni
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Reali
- Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di
Cagliari, Terapia Intesiva Neonatale (TIN), P.O. Duilio Casula di Monserrato,
Cagliari, Italy
| | - Vassilios Fanos
- Department of Surgical Sciences,
University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red
Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environ-mental Sciences and
Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST),
Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Pichiri
- Department of Medical Sciences and
Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Pietrus M, Pitynski K, Waligora M, Milian-Ciesielska K, Bialon M, Ludwin A, Skrzypek K. CD133 Expression in the Nucleus Is Associated with Endometrial Carcinoma Staging and Tumor Angioinvasion. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2144. [PMID: 34063525 PMCID: PMC8156002 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND (1) Endometrial cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women, with a growing incidence. To better understand the different behaviors associated with endometrial cancer, it is necessary to understand the changes that occur at a molecular level. CD133 is one of the factors that regulate tumor progression, which is primarily known as the transmembrane glycoprotein associated with tumor progression or cancer stem cells. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of subcellular CD133 expression on the clinical course of endometrial cancer. (2) Methods: CD133 expression in the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm was assessed by immunohistochemical staining in a group of 64 patients with endometrial cancer representing FIGO I-IV stages, grades 1-3 and accounting for tumor angioinvasion. (3) Results: Nuclear localization of CD133 expression was increased in FIGO IB-IV stages compared to FIGO IA. Furthermore, CD133 expression in the nucleus and plasma membrane is positively and negatively associated with a higher grade of endometrial cancer and angioinvasion, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest that positive nuclear CD133 expression in the tumor may be related to a less favorable prognosis of endometrial carcinoma patients and has emerged as a useful biomarker of a high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milosz Pietrus
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Kazimierz Pitynski
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Marcin Waligora
- Center for Innovative Medical Education, Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Milian-Ciesielska
- Department of Pathomorphology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-531 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Monika Bialon
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Artur Ludwin
- Department of Gynecology and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland; (M.P.); (K.P.); (M.B.); (A.L.)
| | - Klaudia Skrzypek
- Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-663 Krakow, Poland
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LncRNAs and microRNAs as Essential Regulators of Stemness in Breast Cancer Stem Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11030380. [PMID: 33802575 PMCID: PMC7998729 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is an aggressive disease with a high incidence in women worldwide. Two decades ago, a controversial hypothesis was proposed that cancer arises from a subpopulation of “tumor initiating cells” or “cancer stem cells-like” (CSC). Today, CSC are defined as small subset of somatic cancer cells within a tumor with self-renewal properties driven by the aberrant expression of genes involved in the maintenance of a stemness-like phenotype. The understanding of the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the maintenance of CSC subpopulation are fundamental in the development and persistence of breast cancer. Nowadays, the hypothesis suggests that genetic and epigenetic alterations give rise to breast cancer stem cells (bCSC), which are responsible for self-renewal, tumor growth, chemoresistance, poor prognosis and low survival in patients. However, the prominence of bCSC, as well as the molecular mechanisms that regulates and promotes the malignant phenotypes, are still poorly understood. The role of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes has been recently highlighted by a plethora of studies in breast cancer. These ncRNAs positively or negatively impact on different signaling pathways that govern the cancer hallmarks associated with bCSC, making them attractive targets for therapy. In this review, we present a current summary of the studies on the pivotal roles of lncRNAs and microRNAs in the regulation of genes associated to stemness of bCSC.
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Ko CCH, Chia WK, Selvarajah GT, Cheah YK, Wong YP, Tan GC. The Role of Breast Cancer Stem Cell-Related Biomarkers as Prognostic Factors. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10090721. [PMID: 32961774 PMCID: PMC7555329 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10090721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide, and its incidence is on the rise. A small fraction of cancer stem cells was identified within the tumour bulk, which are regarded as cancer-initiating cells, possess self-renewal and propagation potential, and a key driver for tumour heterogeneity and disease progression. Cancer heterogeneity reduces the overall efficacy of chemotherapy and contributes to treatment failure and relapse. The cell-surface and subcellular biomarkers related to breast cancer stem cell (BCSC) phenotypes are increasingly being recognised. These biomarkers are useful for the isolation of BCSCs and can serve as potential therapeutic targets and prognostic tools to monitor treatment responses. Recently, the role of noncoding microRNAs (miRNAs) has extensively been explored as novel biomarker molecules for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis with high specificity and sensitivity. An in-depth understanding of the biological roles of miRNA in breast carcinogenesis provides insights into the pathways of cancer development and its utility for disease prognostication. This review gives an overview of stem cells, highlights the biomarkers expressed in BCSCs and describes their potential role as prognostic indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarence Ching Huat Ko
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia;
| | - Wai Kit Chia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
| | - Gayathri Thevi Selvarajah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia;
- Institute of Biosciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Malaysia;
- Institute of Biosciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Yin Ping Wong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.W.); (G.C.T.); Tel.: +603-91459508 (Y.P.W.); +603-91455362 (G.C.T.)
| | - Geok Chin Tan
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (C.C.H.K.); (W.K.C.)
- Correspondence: (Y.P.W.); (G.C.T.); Tel.: +603-91459508 (Y.P.W.); +603-91455362 (G.C.T.)
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Corbeil D, Santos MF, Karbanová J, Kurth T, Rappa G, Lorico A. Uptake and Fate of Extracellular Membrane Vesicles: Nucleoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Late Endosomes as a New Gate to Intercellular Communication. Cells 2020; 9:cells9091931. [PMID: 32825578 PMCID: PMC7563309 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular membrane vesicles (EVs) are emerging as new vehicles in intercellular communication, but how the biological information contained in EVs is shared between cells remains elusive. Several mechanisms have been described to explain their release from donor cells and the initial step of their uptake by recipient cells, which triggers a cellular response. Yet, the intracellular routes and subcellular fate of EV content upon internalization remain poorly characterized. This is particularly true for EV-associated proteins and nucleic acids that shuttle to the nucleus of host cells. In this review, we will describe and discuss the release of EVs from donor cells, their uptake by recipient cells, and the fate of their cargoes, focusing on a novel intracellular route wherein small GTPase Rab7+ late endosomes containing endocytosed EVs enter into nuclear envelope invaginations and deliver their cargo components to the nucleoplasm of recipient cells. A tripartite protein complex composed of (VAMP)-associated protein A (VAP-A), oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)-related protein-3 (ORP3), and Rab7 is essential for the transfer of EV-derived components to the nuclear compartment by orchestrating the particular localization of late endosomes in the nucleoplasmic reticulum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Corbeil
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.K.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-(0)351-463-40118 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-3942 (A.L.); Fax: +49-(0)351-463-40244 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-1758 (A.L.)
| | - Mark F. Santos
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Jana Karbanová
- Biotechnology Center (BIOTEC) and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering (CMCB), Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47-49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (J.K.)
| | - Thomas Kurth
- Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden and CMCB, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.K.)
| | - Germana Rappa
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
| | - Aurelio Lorico
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, 874 American Pacific Drive, Henderson, NV 89014, USA; (M.F.S.); (G.R.)
- Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, Via Penninazzo, 11, 95029 Viagrande, Italy
- Correspondence: (D.C.); (A.L.); Tel.: +49-(0)351-463-40118 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-3942 (A.L.); Fax: +49-(0)351-463-40244 (D.C.); +1-(702)-777-1758 (A.L.)
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CD133 in Breast Cancer Cells: More than a Stem Cell Marker. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7512632. [PMID: 31636668 PMCID: PMC6766124 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7512632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Initially correlated with hematopoietic precursors, the surface expression of CD133 was also found in epithelial and nonepithelial cells from adult tissues in which it has been associated with a number of biological events. CD133 is expressed in solid tumors as well, including breast cancer, in which most of the studies have been focused on its use as a surface marker for the detection of cells with stem-like properties (i.e., cancer stem cells (CSCs)). Differently with other solid tumors, very limited and in part controversial are the information about the significance of CD133 in breast cancer, the most common malignancy among women in industrialized countries. In this review, we summarize the latest findings about the implication of CD133 in breast tumors, highlighting its role in tumor cells with a triple negative phenotype in which it directly regulates the expression of proteins involved in metastasis and drug resistance. We provide updates about the prognostic role of CD133, underlining its value as an indicator of increased malignancy of both noninvasive and invasive breast tumor cells. The molecular mechanisms at the basis of the regulation of CD133 levels in breast tumors have also been reviewed, highlighting experimental strategies capable to restrain its level that could be taken into account to reduce malignancy and/or to prevent the progression of breast tumors.
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12
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Singer D, Thamm K, Zhuang H, Karbanová J, Gao Y, Walker JV, Jin H, Wu X, Coveney CR, Marangoni P, Lu D, Grayson PRC, Gulsen T, Liu KJ, Ardu S, Wann AK, Luo S, Zambon AC, Jetten AM, Tredwin C, Klein OD, Attanasio M, Carmeliet P, Huttner WB, Corbeil D, Hu B. Prominin-1 controls stem cell activation by orchestrating ciliary dynamics. EMBO J 2018; 38:embj.201899845. [PMID: 30523147 PMCID: PMC6331727 DOI: 10.15252/embj.201899845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Proper temporal and spatial activation of stem cells relies on highly coordinated cell signaling. The primary cilium is the sensory organelle that is responsible for transmitting extracellular signals into a cell. Primary cilium size, architecture, and assembly-disassembly dynamics are under rigid cell cycle-dependent control. Using mouse incisor tooth epithelia as a model, we show that ciliary dynamics in stem cells require the proper functions of a cholesterol-binding membrane glycoprotein, Prominin-1 (Prom1/CD133), which controls sequential recruitment of ciliary membrane components, histone deacetylase, and transcription factors. Nuclear translocation of Prom1 and these molecules is particularly evident in transit amplifying cells, the immediate derivatives of stem cells. The absence of Prom1 impairs ciliary dynamics and abolishes the growth stimulation effects of sonic hedgehog (SHH) treatment, resulting in the disruption of stem cell quiescence maintenance and activation. We propose that Prom1 is a key regulator ensuring appropriate response of stem cells to extracellular signals, with important implications for development, regeneration, and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Singer
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Kristina Thamm
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heng Zhuang
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jana Karbanová
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Yan Gao
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | - Heng Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiangnan Wu
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Clarissa R Coveney
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute, Nuffield Department for Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dongmei Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Tulay Gulsen
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Karen J Liu
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stefano Ardu
- Division of Cariology & Endodontology, Dental School, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Angus Kt Wann
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis, Kennedy Institute, Nuffield Department for Orthopaedics, Rheumatology, and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Shouqing Luo
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | | | - Anton M Jetten
- Cell Biology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Massimo Attanasio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Peter Carmeliet
- Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Angiogenesis and Vascular Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wieland B Huttner
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany
| | - Denis Corbeil
- Tissue Engineering Laboratories, Biotechnology Center and Center for Molecular and Cellular Bioengineering, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bing Hu
- Peninsula Dental School, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
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13
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Hussain S, Saxena S, Shrivastava S, Mohanty AK, Kumar S, Singh RJ, Kumar A, Wani SA, Gandham RK, Kumar N, Sharma AK, Tiwari AK, Singh RK. Gene expression profiling of spontaneously occurring canine mammary tumours: Insight into gene networks and pathways linked to cancer pathogenesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208656. [PMID: 30517191 PMCID: PMC6281268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneously occurring canine mammary tumours (CMTs) are the most common neoplasms of unspayed female dogs leading to thrice higher mortality rates than human breast cancer. These are also attractive models for human breast cancer studies owing to clinical and molecular similarities. Thus, they are important candidates for biomarker studies and understanding cancer pathobiology. The study was designed to explore underlying molecular networks and pathways in CMTs for deciphering new prognostic factors and therapeutic targets. To gain an insight into various pathways and networks associated with the development and pathogenesis of CMTs, comparative cDNA microarray expression profiling was performed using CMT tissues and healthy mammary gland tissues. Upon analysis, 1700 and 1287 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, P ≤ 0.05) were identified in malignant and benign tissues, respectively. DEGs identified from microarray analysis were further annotated using the Ingenuity Systems Pathway Analysis (IPA) tool for detection of deregulated canonical pathways, upstream regulators, and networks associated with malignant, as well as, benign disease. Top scoring key networks in benign and malignant mammary tumours were having central nodes of VEGF and BUB1B, respectively. Cyclins & cell cycle regulation and TREM1 signalling were amongst the top activated canonical pathways in CMTs. Other cancer related significant pathways like apoptosis signalling, dendritic cell maturation, DNA recombination and repair, Wnt/β-catenin signalling, etc. were also found to be altered. Furthermore, seven proteins (ANXA2, APOCII, CDK6, GATC, GDI2, GNAQ and MYH9) highly up-regulated in malignant tissues were identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and MALDI-TOF PMF studies which were in concordance with microarray data. Thus, the study has uncovered ample number of candidate genes associated with CMTs which need to be further validated as therapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Hussain
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Sonal Saxena
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
- * E-mail: (SON); (SAM); (RKS)
| | - Sameer Shrivastava
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
- * E-mail: (SON); (SAM); (RKS)
| | - Ashok Kumar Mohanty
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute [Deemed University], Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Sudarshan Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute [Deemed University], Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Rajkumar James Singh
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) BHU, Varanasi, India
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Miyapur, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Tiwari
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
| | - Raj Kumar Singh
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute [Deemed University], Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India
- * E-mail: (SON); (SAM); (RKS)
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15
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Turano M, Costabile V, Cerasuolo A, Duraturo F, Liccardo R, Delrio P, Pace U, Rega D, Dodaro CA, Milone M, Izzo P, De Rosa M. Characterisation of mesenchymal colon tumour-derived cells in tumourspheres as a model for colorectal cancer progression. Int J Oncol 2018; 53:2379-2396. [PMID: 30272331 PMCID: PMC6203159 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular plasticity, the ability of cells to switch from an epitheial phenotype to a mesenchymal one and vice versa, plays a crucial role in tumour progression and metastases development. In 20-25% of patients with colon cancer and in 18% of patients with rectal cancer, metastases are present at the time of the first diagnosis. They are the first cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related mortality, defining stage IV CRC, which is characterized by a relatively short overall survival. We previously isolated two primary colon adenocarcinoma cell cultures that had undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), one with a high microsatellite instability phenotype (T88) and one with a chromosomal instability phenotype (T93). The aim of this study was to establish a model with which to study EMT, stemness features and cell plasticity in cancer progression and to examine the effects of incubation with lithium chloride (LiCl), a specific glycogen synthase kinase 3 β (GSK-3β) inhibitor, on these cellular processes. Indeed, GSK3β is an important regulator of cell survival, which promotes tumourigenesis in colon cells by facilitating the crosstalk between colorectal cancer pathways. Thus, we further characterized our system of adherent primary mesenchymal colon cancer cells and their paired tumourspheres by examining the expression and localisation of a panel of markers, including E- and N‑cadherin, CD133, CD44v6, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and leucine-rich repeat‑containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5). We also characterised the molecular features of these tumourspheres and examined their response to LiCl. Furthermore, we explored the effects of LiCl on cell motility and plasticity. We demonstrated that LiCl reduced cell migration, stemness features and cell plasticity. We also observed the atypical nuclear localisation of membrane proteins, including N‑cadherin, CD133 and CD44v6 in mesenchymal tumour cells. Of note, CD133 and CD44v6 appeared to localise at the plasma membrane in cells with a more epithelial phenotype, suggesting that the cytoplasmic/nuclear localisation of these proteins could favour and characterize cell plasticity in colorectal cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mimmo Turano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Costabile
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerasuolo
- Molecular Biology and Viral Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori, 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Duraturo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Liccardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Delrio
- Colorectal Surgical Oncology - Abdominal Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori, 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ugo Pace
- Colorectal Surgical Oncology - Abdominal Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori, 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Rega
- Colorectal Surgical Oncology - Abdominal Oncology Department, Istituto Nazionale per lo studio e la cura dei tumori, 'Fondazione Giovanni Pascale' IRCCS, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Anna Dodaro
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Milone
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Izzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marina De Rosa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
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16
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Brugnoli F, Grassilli S, Lanuti P, Marchisio M, Al-Qassab Y, Vezzali F, Capitani S, Bertagnolo V. Up-modulation of PLC-β2 reduces the number and malignancy of triple-negative breast tumor cells with a CD133 +/EpCAM + phenotype: a promising target for preventing progression of TNBC. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:617. [PMID: 28870198 PMCID: PMC5584040 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3592-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The malignant potential of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is also dependent on a sub-population of cells with a stem-like phenotype. Among the cancer stem cell markers, CD133 and EpCAM strongly correlate with breast tumor aggressiveness, suggesting that simultaneous targeting of the two surface antigens may be beneficial in treatment of TNBC. Since in TNBC-derived cells we demonstrated that PLC-β2 induces the conversion of CD133high to CD133low cells, here we explored its possible role in down-modulating the expression of both CD133 and EpCAM and, ultimately, in reducing the number of TNBC cells with a stem-like phenotype. Methods A magnetic step-by-step cell isolation with antibodies directed against CD133 and/or EpCAM was performed on the TNBC-derived MDA-MB-231 cell line. In the same cell model, PLC-β2 was over-expressed or down-modulated and cell proliferation and invasion capability were evaluated by Real-time cell assays. The surface expression of CD133, EpCAM and CD44 in the different experimental conditions were measured by multi-color flow cytometry immunophenotyping. Results A CD133+/EpCAM+ sub-population with high proliferation rate and invasion capability is present in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Over-expression of PLC-β2 in CD133+/EpCAM+ cells reduced the surface expression of both CD133 and EpCAM, as well as proliferation and invasion capability of this cellular subset. On the other hand, the up-modulation of PLC-β2 in the whole MDA-MB-231 cell population reduced the number of cells with a CD44+/CD133+/EpCAM+ stem-like phenotype. Conclusions Since selective targeting of the cells with the highest aggressive potential may have a great clinical importance for TNBC, the up-modulation of PLC-β2, reducing the number of cells with a stem-like phenotype, may be a promising goal for novel therapies aimed to prevent the progression of aggressive breast tumors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3592-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Brugnoli
- Signal Transduction Unit, Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvia Grassilli
- Signal Transduction Unit, Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Center of Aging Sciences and Translational Medicine (CeSI-MeT), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Yasamin Al-Qassab
- Signal Transduction Unit, Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.,College of Medicine, Department of Anatomy, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Federica Vezzali
- Signal Transduction Unit, Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Silvano Capitani
- Signal Transduction Unit, Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Valeria Bertagnolo
- Signal Transduction Unit, Division of Anatomy and Histology, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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17
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Chen YL, Lin PY, Ming YZ, Huang WC, Chen RF, Chen PM, Chu PY. The effects of the location of cancer stem cell marker CD133 on the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:474. [PMID: 28687090 PMCID: PMC5501948 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3460-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background CD133 (prominin-1) is widely believed to be a cancer stem cell marker in various solid tumor types, and CD133 has been correlated with tumor-initiating capacity. Recently, the nuclear location of CD133 expression in tumors has been discussed, but hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been included in these discussions. The goal of this study was to investigate the location of CD133 expression in HCC and this location’s potential value as a prognostic indicator of survival in patients with HCC. Methods We enrolled 119 cancerous tissues and pair-matched adjacent normal liver tissue from HCC patients. These tissues were obtained immediately after operation, and tissue microarrays were subsequently constructed. The expression of CD133 was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and the correlations between this expression and clinical characteristics and prognosis was estimated using statistical analysis. Results The results showed that the CD133 protein expression levels of HCC in both the cytoplasm and nucleus were significantly higher than adjacent normal liver tissue. Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses revealed that high CD133 expression in the cytoplasm was an independent predictor of poor prognosis for the overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) rates of HCC patients (P = 0.028 and P = 0.046, respectively). Surprisingly, high nuclear CD133 expression of HCC was an independent predictor of the good prognosis of the OS and RFS rates of HCC patients (P = 0.023 and P = 0.012, respectively). Conclusions The clinical evidence that revealed cytoplasmic CD133 expression was correlated with poor prognosis, while nuclear CD133 expression was significantly correlated with favorable prognosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3460-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Li Chen
- School of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Transplantation Center, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping-Yi Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Zi Ming
- Transplantation Center, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei-Chieh Huang
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County,, 350, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Rong-Fu Chen
- Research Assistant Center, Changhua Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ming Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County,, 350, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Research Assistant Center, Changhua Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No.542, Sec.1, Chung-Shang Road, Changhua City, Changhua County, 50008, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan, Taiwan.
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18
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Tume L, Paco K, Ubidia-Incio R, Moya J. CD133 in breast cancer cells and in breast cancer stem cells as another target for immunotherapy. GACETA MEXICANA DE ONCOLOGÍA 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gamo.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Miyata T, Yoshimatsu T, So T, Oyama T, Uramoto H, Osaki T, Nakanishi R, Tanaka F, Nagaya H, Gotoh A. Cancer stem cell markers in lung cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmu.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Yang B, Lu Y, Zhang A, Zhou A, Zhang L, Zhang L, Gao L, Zang Y, Tang X, Sun L. Doxycycline Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Proliferation and Invasion of Human Cervical Carcinoma Stem Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129138. [PMID: 26111245 PMCID: PMC4482382 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be responsible for high recurrence rate in cervical carcinoma. Reagents that can suppress the proliferation and differentiation of CSCs would provide new opportunities to fight against tumor recurrence. Doxycycline has been reported as a potential anti-cancer compound. However, few studies investigated its inhibitory effect against cervical cancer stem cells. Methods HeLa cells were cultured in cancer stem cell conditional media in a poly-hema-treated dish. In this non-adhesive culture system, HeLa cells were treated with cisplatin until some cells survived and formed spheroids, which were then collected and injected into the immunodeficient mice. Cisplatin was administered every three days for five times. The tumor xenografts with CSC enrichment were cultured in cancer stem cell specific medium again to form tumorsphere, which we called HeLa-CSCs. Expression of cancer stem cell markers in HeLa-CSCs was measured by flow cytometry and qPCR. HeLa-CSCs were then treated with doxycycline. Proliferation and differentiation rates were determined by the size of spheres formed in vitro and tumor formed in vivo. Results We developed a new strategy to selectively enrich CSCs from human cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa, and these HeLa-CSCs are CD133+/CD49f+ cell populations with significantly enhanced expression of stem cell markers. When these HeLa-CSCs were treated with doxycycline, the colony formation, proliferation, migration and invasion, and differentiation were all suppressed. Meanwhile, stem cell markers SOX-2, OCT-4, NANOG, NOTCH and BMI-1 decreased in doxycycline treated cells, so as the surface markers CD133 and CD49f. Furthermore, proliferation markers Ki67 and PCNA were also decreased by doxycycline treatment in the in vivo xenograft mouse model. Conclusions Cancer stem cells are enriched from sphere-forming and chemoresistant HeLa-derived tumor xenografts in immunodeficient mice. Doxycycline inhibits proliferation, invasion, and differentiation, and also induces apoptosis of these HeLa-CSCs in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binlie Yang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yuping Lu
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Ai Zhang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Aizhi Zhou
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Lanrong Zhang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Limin Gao
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Yuhua Zang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Xiuhua Tang
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
| | - Liyan Sun
- Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, People Hospital of Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 20299, China
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Nunukova A, Neradil J, Skoda J, Jaros J, Hampl A, Sterba J, Veselska R. Atypical nuclear localization of CD133 plasma membrane glycoprotein in rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:65-72. [PMID: 25977066 PMCID: PMC4494592 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD133 (also known as prominin-1) is a cell surface glycoprotein that is widely used for the identification of stem cells. Furthermore, its glycosylated epitope, AC133, has recently been discussed as a marker of cancer stem cells in various human malignancies. During our recent experiments on rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS), we unexpectedly identified an atypical nuclear localization of CD133 in a relatively stable subset of cells in five RMS cell lines established in our laboratory. To the best of our knowledge, this atypical localization of CD133 has not yet been proven or analyzed in detail in cancer cells. In the present study, we verified the nuclear localization of CD133 in RMS cells using three independent anti-CD133 antibodies, including both rabbit polyclonal and mouse monoclonal antibodies. Indirect immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy followed by software cross-section analysis, transmission electron microscopy and cell fractionation with immunoblotting were also employed, and all the results undeniably confirmed the presence of CD133 in the nuclei of stable minor subpopulations of all five RMS cell lines. The proportion of cells showing an exclusive nuclear localization of CD133 ranged from 3.4 to 7.5%, with only minor differences observed among the individual anti-CD133 antibodies. Although the role of CD133 in the cell nucleus remains unclear, these results clearly indicate that this atypical nuclear localization of CD133 in a minor subpopulation of cancer cells is a common phenomenon in RMS cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Nunukova
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Neradil
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Skoda
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Jaros
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ales Hampl
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Sterba
- Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Veselska
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 61137 Brno, Czech Republic
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