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Davidson A, Souza P. Relationships Between Auditory Processing and Cognitive Abilities in Adults: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024; 67:296-345. [PMID: 38147487 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-22-00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The contributions from the central auditory and cognitive systems play a major role in communication. Understanding the relationship between auditory and cognitive abilities has implications for auditory rehabilitation for clinical patients. The purpose of this systematic review is to address the question, "In adults, what is the relationship between central auditory processing abilities and cognitive abilities?" METHOD Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to identify, screen, and determine eligibility for articles that addressed the research question of interest. Medical librarians and subject matter experts assisted in search strategy, keyword review, and structuring the systematic review process. To be included, articles needed to have an auditory measure (either behavioral or electrophysiologic), a cognitive measure that assessed individual ability, and the measures needed to be compared to one another. RESULTS Following two rounds of identification and screening, 126 articles were included for full analysis. Central auditory processing (CAP) measures were grouped into categories (behavioral: speech in noise, altered speech, temporal processing, binaural processing; electrophysiologic: mismatch negativity, P50, N200, P200, and P300). The most common CAP measures were sentence recognition in speech-shaped noise and the P300. Cognitive abilities were grouped into constructs, and the most common construct was working memory. The findings were mixed, encompassing both significant and nonsignificant relationships; therefore, the results do not conclusively establish a direct link between CAP and cognitive abilities. Nonetheless, several consistent relationships emerged across different domains. Distorted or noisy speech was related to working memory or processing speed. Auditory temporal order tasks showed significant relationships with working memory, fluid intelligence, or multidomain cognitive measures. For electrophysiology, relationships were observed between some cortical evoked potentials and working memory or executive/inhibitory processes. Significant results were consistent with the hypothesis that assessments of CAP and cognitive processing would be positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS Results from this systematic review summarize relationships between CAP and cognitive processing, but also underscore the complexity of these constructs, the importance of study design, and the need to select an appropriate measure. The relationship between auditory and cognitive abilities is complex but can provide informative context when creating clinical management plans. This review supports a need to develop guidelines and training for audiologists who wish to consider individual central auditory and cognitive abilities in patient care. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24855174.
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English BA, Ereshefsky L. Experimental Medicine Approaches in Early-Phase CNS Drug Development. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 30:417-455. [PMID: 36928860 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21054-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, Phase 1 clinical trials were largely conducted in healthy normal volunteers and focused on collection of safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic data. However, in the CNS therapeutic area, with more drugs failing in later phase development, Phase 1 trials have undergone an evolution that includes incorporation of novel approaches involving novel study designs, inclusion of biomarkers, and early inclusion of patients to improve the pharmacologic understanding of novel CNS-active compounds early in clinical development with the hope of improving success in later phase pivotal trials. In this chapter, the authors will discuss the changing landscape of Phase 1 clinical trials in CNS, including novel trial methodology, inclusion of pharmacodynamic biomarkers, and experimental medicine approaches to inform early decision-making in clinical development.
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Predictive Power of Cognitive Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Disease Drug Development: Utility of the P300 Event-Related Potential. Neural Plast 2022; 2022:2104880. [PMID: 36398135 PMCID: PMC9666049 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2104880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), and their associated deterioration of cognitive function are common causes of disability. The slowly developing pathology of neurodegenerative diseases necessitates early diagnosis and monitored long-term treatment. Lack of effective therapies coupled with an improved rate of early diagnosis in our aging population have created an urgent need for the development of novel drugs, as well as the need for reliable biomarkers for treatment response. These issues are especially relevant for AD, in which the rate of clinical trial drug failures has been very high. Frequently used biomarker evaluation procedures, such as positron emission tomography or cerebrospinal fluid measurements of phospho-tau and amyloid beta, are invasive and costly, and not universally available or accessible. This review considers the functionality of the event-related potential (ERP) P300 methodology as a surrogate biomarker for predicting the procognitive potential of drugs in clinical development for neurocognitive disorders. Through the application of standardized electroencephalography (EEG) described here, ERP P300 can be reliably measured. The P300 waveform objectively measures large-scale neuronal network functioning and working memory processes. Increased ERP P300 latency has been reported throughout the literature in disorders of cognition, supporting the potential utility of ERP P300 as a biomarker in many neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including AD. Specifically, evidence presented here supports ERP P300 latency as a quantitative, unbiased measure for detecting changes in cognition in patients with AD dementia through the progression from mild to moderate cognitive impairment and after drug treatment.
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van der Merwe J, Biagio-de Jager L, Mahomed-Asmail F, Hall JW. Documentation of Peripheral Auditory Function in Studies of the Auditory P300 Response. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. A critical review was conducted to examine whether the peripheral hearing status of participants with neurological and psychological disorders was documented in published clinical studies of the auditory P300 response. Literature searches were conducted with three databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Studies of participants with seven neurological or psychological disorders were included in the study. Each disorder was coupled with the main search phrase in separate searches on each database. Of the total 102 papers which met the inclusion criteria, the majority (64%) did not describe the peripheral hearing sensitivity of participants. In this review with studies that included participants at risk for hearing impairment, particularly age-related hearing loss, only a single publication adequately described formal hearing evaluation. Peripheral hearing status is rarely defined in studies of the P300 response. The inclusion of participants with a hearing loss likely affects the validity of findings for these studies. We recommend formal hearing assessment prior to inclusion of participants in studies of the auditory P300 response. The findings of this study may increase the awareness among researchers outside the field of audiology of the effects of peripheral hearing loss on the auditory P300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janushca van der Merwe
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Leigh Biagio-de Jager
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Faheema Mahomed-Asmail
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
- Virtual Hearing Lab, Collaborative Initiative between University of Colorado and the University of Pretoria, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - James W. Hall
- Department of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
- George Osborne College of Audiology, Salus University, Elkins Park, PA, USA
- Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
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Napierała M, Suwalska A, Pucher B, Rybakowski JK. Speech Understanding in Manic and Depressive Episodes of Mood Disorders. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 34:414-421. [PMID: 35414193 DOI: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.21050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the perception of speech in adverse acoustic conditions during manic and depressive episodes of mood disorders. METHODS Forty-three patients with bipolar disorder (mania, N=20; depression, N=23) and 32 patients with unipolar depression were included for analyses. Thirty-five participants served as the control group. The study of speech understanding was carried out using the Polish Sentence Matrix Test, allowing for the determination of the speech reception threshold (SRT). The test was performed in the clinical groups both during an acute episode and remission; during remission, patients underwent audiometric evaluation. RESULTS Compared with control subjects, patients with mood disorders had worse speech understanding (higher SRT), regardless of the episode or remission. A manic episode in the course of bipolar disorder was not associated with worse speech understanding compared with remission of mania. However, an episode of depression in the course of both bipolar disorder and unipolar depression was associated with worse speech understanding compared with remission of depression. In bipolar depression, this correlated with age, duration of the disorder, number of episodes, and number of hospitalizations, as well as in remission with age and duration of illness. In unipolar depression, poor speech understanding was more severe in individuals with hearing impairment. CONCLUSIONS These findings revealed that patients with mood disorders had impaired speech understanding, even while in remission, and manic episodes in the course of bipolar disorder were not associated with impaired speech understanding compared with mania remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Napierała
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Suwalska
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Beata Pucher
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Janusz K Rybakowski
- Departments of Mental Health (Napierała, Suwalska), Adult Psychiatry (Napierała, Rybakowski), and Paediatric Otolaryngology (Pucher), Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Treatment effects on event-related EEG potentials and oscillations in Alzheimer's disease. Int J Psychophysiol 2022; 177:179-201. [PMID: 35588964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD) is the most diffuse neurodegenerative disorder belonging to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia in old persons. This disease is provoked by an abnormal accumulation of amyloid-beta and tauopathy proteins in the brain. Very recently, the first disease-modifying drug has been licensed with reserve (i.e., Aducanumab). Therefore, there is a need to identify and use biomarkers probing the neurophysiological underpinnings of human cognitive functions to test the clinical efficacy of that drug. In this regard, event-related electroencephalographic potentials (ERPs) and oscillations (EROs) are promising candidates. Here, an Expert Panel from the Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area of the Alzheimer's Association and Global Brain Consortium reviewed the field literature on the effects of the most used symptomatic drug against ADD (i.e., Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors) on ERPs and EROs in ADD patients with MCI and dementia at the group level. The most convincing results were found in ADD patients. In those patients, Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors partially normalized ERP P300 peak latency and amplitude in oddball paradigms using visual stimuli. In these same paradigms, those drugs partially normalize ERO phase-locking at the theta band (4-7 Hz) and spectral coherence between electrode pairs at the gamma (around 40 Hz) band. These results are of great interest and may motivate multicentric, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled clinical trials in MCI and ADD patients for final cross-validation.
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Wessels AM, Edgar CJ, Nathan PJ, Siemers ER, Maruff P, Harrison J. Cognitive Go/No-Go decision-making criteria in Alzheimer's disease drug development. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1330-1336. [PMID: 33486115 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Go/No-Go decision making in early phase clinical trials is challenging for drug developers working in Alzheimer's disease. Recent negative trial results have been attributed to a lack of efficacy and important safety concerns. Furthermore, demonstrated target engagement has rarely translated into demonstrable clinical efficacy. Cognitive data might provide valuable insights at various points during drug development, and a thoughtful and robust set of decision-making criteria, specified a priori, can and should be applied under many circumstances. This review provides insights into how to utilize cognitive data for Go/No-Go decisions, with an emphasis on how these cognitive criteria differ depending on the context (e.g., stage of development, mechanism of action and trial design).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pradeep J Nathan
- Lundbeck, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Australia
| | | | | | - John Harrison
- Metis Cognition Ltd, Kilmington Common, UK; Alzheimer Center AUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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Waninger S, Berka C, Meghdadi A, Karic MS, Stevens K, Aguero C, Sitnikova T, Salat DH, Verma A. Event-related potentials during sustained attention and memory tasks: Utility as biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 10:452-460. [PMID: 30263929 PMCID: PMC6156804 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The objective of the study is to validate attention and memory tasks that elicit event-related potentials (ERPs) for utility as sensitive biomarkers for early dementia. METHODS A 3-choice vigilance task designed to evaluate sustained attention and standard image recognition memory task designed to evaluate attention, encoding, and image recognition memory were administered with concurrent electroencephalography acquisition to elicit ERPs in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy cohorts. ERPs were averaged, and mean or maximum amplitude of components was measured and compared between and within cohorts. RESULTS There was significant suppression of the amplitude of the late positive potential in the MCI cohort compared with the healthy controls during 3-choice vigilance task, predominantly over occipital and right temporal-parietal region, and standard image recognition memory task over all regions. During standard image recognition memory task, diminished performance showed strong correlation with electroencephalography measurements. The old/new effects observed in the healthy controls cohort correlated with performance and were lost in MCI. DISCUSSION ERPs obtained during cognitive tasks may provide a powerful tool for assessing MCI and have strong potential as sensitive and robust biomarkers for tracking disease progression and evaluating response to investigative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shani Waninger
- Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA,Corresponding author. Tel.: 760-476-0099; Fax: 760-476-3620.
| | - Chris Berka
- Advanced Brain Monitoring, Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Kimberly Stevens
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Cinthya Aguero
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Tatiana Sitnikova
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - David H. Salat
- MGH/MIT/HMS Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
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Laursen B, Bundgaard CH, Graversen C, Grupe M, Sanchez C, Leiser SC, Sorensen HBD, Drewes AM, Bastlund JF. Acute dosing of vortioxetine strengthens event-related brain activity associated with engagement of attention and cognitive functioning in rats. Brain Res 2017; 1664:37-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Laursen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark.
| | - Cecilie H Bundgaard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 349, Oersteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carina Graversen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten Grupe
- Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Steven C Leiser
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Helge B D Sorensen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 349, Oersteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn M Drewes
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jesper F Bastlund
- Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
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Cholinergic modulation of auditory P3 event-related potentials as indexed by CHRNA4 and CHRNA7 genotype variation in healthy volunteers. Neurosci Lett 2016; 623:36-41. [PMID: 27109789 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2016.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunction within the realm of attentional processing. Reduced P3a and P3b event-related potentials (ERPs), indexing involuntary and voluntary attentional processing respectively, have been consistently observed in SZ patients who also express prominent cholinergic deficiencies. The involvement of the brain's cholinergic system in attention has been examined for several decades; however, further inquiry is required to further comprehend how abnormalities in this system affect neighbouring neurotransmitter systems and contribute to neurocognitive deficits. The objective of this pilot study was to examine the moderating role of the CHRNA4 (rs1044396), CHRNA7 (rs3087454), and SLC5A7 (rs1013940) genes on ERP indices of attentional processing in healthy volunteers (N=99; Caucasians and non-Caucasians) stratified by genotype and assessed using the auditory P300 "oddball" paradigm. Results indicated significantly greater P3a and P3b-indexed attentional processing for CT (vs. CC) CHRNA4 carriers and greater P3b for AA (vs. CC) CHRNA7 carriers. SLC5A7 allelic variants did not show significant differences in P3a and P3b processing. These findings expand our knowledge on the moderating effect of cholinergic genes on attention and could help inform targeted drug developments aimed at restoring attention deficits in SZ patients.
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Leroy C, Bourriez JL, Dujardin K, Molaee-Ardekani B, Babiloni C, Deplanque D, Ponchel A, Hennion S, Plomhause L, Devanne H, Deguil J, Payoux P, Blin O, Méligne D, Micallef J, Chauveau N, Lanteaume L, Vervueren C, Guimont F, Thalamas C, Cassé-Perrot C, Rouby F, Bordet R, Derambure P. A 15-day course of donepezil modulates spectral EEG dynamics related to target auditory stimuli in young, healthy adult volunteers. Clin Neurophysiol 2015; 130:863-875. [PMID: 26699666 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify possible electroencephalographic (EEG) markers of donepezil's effect on cortical activity in young, healthy adult volunteers at the group level. METHODS Thirty subjects were administered a daily dose of either 5mg donepezil or placebo for 15days in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over trial. The electroencephalogram during an auditory oddball paradigm was recorded from 58 scalp electrodes. Current source density (CSD) transformations were applied to EEG epochs. The event-related potential (ERP), inter-trial coherence (ITC: the phase consistency of the EEG spectrum) and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP: the EEG power spectrum relative to the baseline) were calculated for the target (oddball) stimuli. RESULTS The donepezil and placebo conditions differed in terms of the changes in delta/theta/alpha/beta ITC and ERSP in various regions of the scalp (especially the frontal electrodes) but not in terms of latency and amplitude of the P300-ERP component. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that ITC and ERSP analyses can provide EEG markers of donepezil's effects in young, healthy, adult volunteers at a group level. SIGNIFICANCE Novel EEG markers could be useful to assess the therapeutic potential of drug candidates in Alzheimer's disease in healthy volunteers prior to the initiation of Phase II/III clinical studies in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Leroy
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France.
| | - Jean-Louis Bourriez
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Kathy Dujardin
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Neurology and Movement Disorders, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Behnam Molaee-Ardekani
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Claudio Babiloni
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Rome, Italy
| | - Dominique Deplanque
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; CIC 1403 INSERM-CHU, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Amélie Ponchel
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Sophie Hennion
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Lucie Plomhause
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Hervé Devanne
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; ULCO, Calais, France
| | - Julie Deguil
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Payoux
- INSERM UMR 825 Brain Imaging and Neurological Dysfunctions, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Blin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and CNRS UMR 7289, CIC-CPCET, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Déborah Méligne
- INSERM UMR 825 Brain Imaging and Neurological Dysfunctions, Toulouse, France
| | - Joëlle Micallef
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and CNRS UMR 7289, CIC-CPCET, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Chauveau
- INSERM UMR 825 Brain Imaging and Neurological Dysfunctions, Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Lanteaume
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and CNRS UMR 7289, CIC-CPCET, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Céline Vervueren
- INSERM UMR 825 Brain Imaging and Neurological Dysfunctions, Toulouse, France
| | - François Guimont
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and CNRS UMR 7289, CIC-CPCET, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Claire Thalamas
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, INSERM CIC 1436, Toulouse University Medical Center, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Cassé-Perrot
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and CNRS UMR 7289, CIC-CPCET, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Franck Rouby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, and CNRS UMR 7289, CIC-CPCET, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Régis Bordet
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Derambure
- INSERM U1171, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Lille University Medical Center, Lille, France
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Vaitkevičius A, Kaubrys G, Audronytė E. Distinctive Effect of Donepezil Treatment on P300 and N200 Subcomponents of Auditory Event-Related Evoked Potentials in Alzheimer Disease Patients. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1920-7. [PMID: 26138001 PMCID: PMC4501636 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Latency of P300 subcomponent of event-related potentials (ERPs) increases in Alzheimer disease (AD) patients, which correlate well with cognitive impairment. Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) reduce P300 latency in AD patients with parallel improvement in cognition. It is not known whether N200 response to ChEIs is similar to that of P300. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare characteristics of P300 and N200 in AD patients, treatment-naïve and on stable donepezil treatment, matched by age, education, sex, and cognitive function. Material/Methods We recruited 22 consecutive treatment-naïve AD patients (AD-N group), 22 AD patients treated with a stable donepezil dose of 10 mg/day for at least 3 months (AD-T group), and 50 healthy controls were recruited. Neuropsychological testing (MMSE, ADAS-Cog, and additional tests) and ERP recording was performed and analyzed. Results All groups did not differ according to age, duration of education, or sex (p>0.05). AD-N and AD-T groups did not differ according to cognitive function. The AD-T group had longer duration of disease than the AD-N group (p<0.001). The AD-T and AD-N groups did not differ in P300 latencies (p=0.49). N200 latency was longer in the AD-T group (p<0.001). The general linear model showed that significant predictors of P300 latency were age (p=0.019) and AD treatment status (p<0.001). Duration of AD was a significant predictor of N200 latency (p=0.004). Conclusions The response of N200 latency to donepezil treatment differs from the response of P300. P300 is a better marker of ChEI treatment-dependent cognitive functions. N200 is more dependent on the duration of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arūnas Vaitkevičius
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gintaras Kaubrys
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eglė Audronytė
- Clinic of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Center of Neurology, Vilnius University Hospital Santariskiu Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Chang YS, Chen HL, Hsu CY, Tang SH, Liu CK. Parallel improvement of cognitive functions and P300 latency following donepezil treatment in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a case-control study. J Clin Neurophysiol 2014; 31:81-5. [PMID: 24492450 DOI: 10.1097/01.wnp.0000436899.48243.5e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of donepezil, one of the cholinesterase inhibitors, on P300 measurements in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and investigate the relationship between the subfactors of cognitive performance and P300 components. METHODS One hundred outpatients with AD were evaluated for cognitive function (cognitive ability screening instrument) and event-related potentials before and after 22 to 23 weeks of treatment with donepezil (5 mg/day). Twenty age-matched normal control subjects were recruited. RESULTS The patients with AD showed prolonged P300 and N200 latency, no significant differences in N100 and P200 components, and poor performance in neuropsychological assessments compared with control subjects at baseline. After donepezil treatment, the patients with AD had reduction in P300 latency at Pz lead, which was associated with a parallel improvement in cognitive function in terms of remote memory, recent memory, visual instruction, and orientation. The pre-post treatment difference of P300 latency significantly correlated with the cognitive ability screening instrument score difference and recent memory score difference, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The patients with AD still had intact early sensory processing but impaired higher-level cognitive processes that could influence behavior deviation. The donepezil treatment, which enhances higher-level cognitive processing time, revealed that P300 latency decreases as cognitive capability increases, especially improved in recent memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-San Chang
- *Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Faculty of Nursing Department, Meiho University, Pingtung, Taiwan; †Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; and ††Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
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Comparison of Effects of Valsartan and Amlodipine on Cognitive Functions and Auditory P300 Event-Related Potentials in Elderly Hypertensive Patients. Clin Neuropharmacol 2014; 37:129-32. [DOI: 10.1097/wnf.0000000000000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Deguil J, Ravasi L, Auffret A, Babiloni C, Bartres Faz D, Bragulat V, Cassé-Perrot C, Colavito V, Herrero Ezquerro MT, Lamberty Y, Lanteaume L, Pemberton D, Pifferi F, Richardson JC, Schenker E, Blin O, Tarragon E, Bordet R. Evaluation of symptomatic drug effects in Alzheimer's disease: strategies for prediction of efficacy in humans. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2014; 10:e329-42. [PMID: 24179995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In chronic diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), the arsenal of biomarkers available to determine the effectiveness of symptomatic treatment is very limited. Interpretation of the results provided in literature is cumbersome and it becomes difficult to predict their standardization to a larger patient population. Indeed, cognitive assessment alone does not appear to have sufficient predictive value of drug efficacy in early clinical development of AD treatment. In recent years, research has contributed to the emergence of new tools to assess brain activity relying on innovative technologies of imaging and electrophysiology. However, the relevance of the use of these newer markers in treatment response assessment is waiting for validation. This review shows how the early clinical assessment of symptomatic drugs could benefit from the inclusion of suitable pharmacodynamic markers. This review also emphasizes the importance of re-evaluating a step-by-step strategy in drug development.
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Lee MS, Lee SH, Moon EO, Moon YJ, Kim S, Kim SH, Jung IK. Neuropsychological correlates of the P300 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2013; 40:62-9. [PMID: 22940475 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2012] [Revised: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The P300 is a useful psychophysiological index that reflects cognitive functions; however, the relationship between P300 indices and neuropsychological tests in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is unclear. METHODS Thirty-one AD patients and 31 elderly normal control (NC) subjects were recruited. Age and education level were matched between the two groups. The relationship between the P300 and the Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's disease (CERAD-K) assessment packet (including 11 neuropsychological tests) was examined in AD patients. RESULTS Compared to the NC subjects, the AD patients exhibited significantly decreased P300 amplitudes; however, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of P300 latency. After a permutation-based correction for multiple tests, P300 amplitudes at the Cz and Pz electrodes were significantly correlated with performance on the word list recognition, constructional praxis, and word fluency neuropsychological tests in the AD patients. Additionally, P300 latencies at the Pz and C6 electrodes were also significantly correlated with performance on the Mini-Mental State Examination, CERAD-K version (MMSE-K), and Trail Making Test part A (TMT-A) neuropsychological tests in the AD patients. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the P300 is responsive to the deterioration of language, memory, and executive functions observed in AD patients. Although there was no significant difference between the AD patients and NC subjects in the P300 latency, P300 latency has been shown to reflect impaired global cognition and attention deficits associated with AD. Our results suggest that P300 indices could be used as biological markers that indicate impaired neuropsychological functions in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Soo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Parra MA, Ascencio LL, Urquina HF, Manes F, Ibáñez AM. P300 and neuropsychological assessment in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer dementia. Front Neurol 2012; 3:172. [PMID: 23227021 PMCID: PMC3514532 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a small proportion of individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) will convert to dementia. Methods currently available to identify risk for conversion do not combine enough sensitivity and specificity, which is even more problematic in low-educated populations. Current guidelines suggest the use of combined markers for dementia to enhance the prediction accuracy of assessment methods. The present study adhered to this proposal and investigated the sensitivity and specificity of the electrophysiological component P300 and standard neuropsychological tests to assess patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and MCI recruited from a low-income country. The neuropsychological battery comprised tests of memory, attention, language, praxis, and executive functions. The P300 was recorded using a classical visual odd-ball paradigm. Three variables were found to achieve sensitivity and specificity values above 80% (Immediate and Delayed recall of word list - CERAD - and the latency of P300) for both MCI and AD. When they entered the model together (i.e., combined approach) the sensitivity for MCI increased to 96% and the specificity remained high (80%). Our preliminary findings suggest that the combined use of sensitive neuropsychological tasks and the analysis of the P300 may offer a very useful method for the preclinical assessment of AD, particularly in populations with low socioeconomic and educational levels. Our results provide a platform and justification to employ more resources to convert P300 and related parameters into a biological marker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A. Parra
- Scottish Dementia Clinical Research NetworkPerth, Scotland, UK
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology Department, University of EdinburghEdinburgh, UK
- Neuropsy and Biomedical Unit, Health Faculty, Surcolombiana UniversityNeiva, Colombia
| | | | - Hugo Fenando Urquina
- Neuropsy and Biomedical Unit, Health Faculty, Surcolombiana UniversityNeiva, Colombia
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neurosciences, Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Favaloro UniversityBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Facundo Manes
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neurosciences, Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Favaloro UniversityBuenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín M. Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology and Neurosciences, Institute of Cognitive Neurology and Institute of Neuroscience, Favaloro UniversityBuenos Aires, Argentina
- Laboratory of Cognitive and Social Neuroscience, Universidad Diego PortalesSantiago, Chile
- National Scientific and Technical Research CouncilBuenos Aires, Argentina
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Kimiskidis VK, Papaliagkas VT. Event-related potentials for the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 6:15-26. [PMID: 23480617 DOI: 10.1517/17530059.2012.634795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the nosological entity of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) constitute a major public health concern. The diagnostic approach and therapeutic management of these disorders may be significantly improved by recent advances in the field of event-related potentials (ERPs). AREAS COVERED The authors performed a PubMed search in order to identify full-length, original research articles on the experimental and clinical application of ERPs in AD and MCI. The major part of the retrieved articles concerns the application of auditory and, to a lesser extent, visual ERPs for the early diagnosis of AD and MCI. Particular emphasis was placed on the role of ERPs in identifying the subgroup of MCI patients who will subsequently convert to AD. Other areas covered include the contribution of ERPs in the differential diagnosis of dementia types, the utility of ERPs for monitoring pharmacological treatment in AD and the correlation between ERPs and the results of neuropsychological testing. EXPERT OPINION The reviewed evidence suggests that ERPs hold promise as an electrophysiological tool for the early and accurate diagnosis of AD and MCI. However, certain methodological issues need to be resolved before ERPs enter the arena of clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasilios K Kimiskidis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Neurology III, George Papanicolaou Hospital , 57010 Exokhi, Thessaloniki , Greece +302313307333, +30 2310 99 23 59 ; +2313307331 ;
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van Deursen J, Vuurman E, Smits L, Verhey F, Riedel W. Response speed, contingent negative variation and P300 in Alzheimer’s disease and MCI. Brain Cogn 2009; 69:592-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2008] [Revised: 12/04/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Aminoff MJ, Goodin DS. Electrophysiological evaluation of dementia. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2008; 89:63-74. [PMID: 18631731 DOI: 10.1016/s0072-9752(07)01205-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Aminoff
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0114, USA.
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Irving EA, Upton N. Symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: identification of biomarkers to aid translation from bench to bedside. Biomark Med 2007; 1:93-110. [DOI: 10.2217/17520363.1.1.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the absence of robust pharmacodynamic markers, the potential success of novel therapeutic agents for the symptomatic relief of Alzheimer’s disease is largely unknown until the drugs enter relatively large studies, assessing clinical outcome over a 6-month period. In order to increase the efficiency of future clinical development there is, therefore, a need to identify pharmacodynamic markers of drug response, pharmacodynamic models that allow early prediction of efficacy and markers to aid the stratification of the patient population. Using literature available from cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine and Ginkgo biloba, this review focuses on the identification of potential pharmacodynamic markers/models and highlights the utility of these end points throughout the drug discovery process, from preclinical to clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine A Irving
- GlaxoSmithKline, Neurology and GI CEDD, New Frontiers Science Park North, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, UK
| | - Neil Upton
- GlaxoSmithKline, Neurology and GI CEDD, New Frontiers Science Park North, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, UK
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Chen F, Eckman EA, Eckman CB. Reductions in levels of the Alzheimer's amyloid beta peptide after oral administration of ginsenosides. FASEB J 2006; 20:1269-71. [PMID: 16636099 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-5530fje] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
For millennia, ginseng and some of its components have been used to treat a wide variety of medical conditions, including age-related memory impairment. Because of its purported effects and apparently low rate of side effects, ginseng remains one of the top selling natural product remedies in the United States. Given its potential role for improving age-related memory impairments and its common use in China for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease-like symptoms, we analyzed the effects of commercially available preparations of ginseng on the accumulation of the Alzheimer's amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) in a cell-based model system. In this model system, ginseng treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the levels of Abeta in the conditioned medium. We next examined the effects of several compounds isolated from ginseng and found that certain ginsenosides lowered Abeta concentration in a dose-dependent manner with ginsenoside Rg3 having an approximate IC50 of under 25 microM against Abeta42. Furthermore, we found that three of these isolated components, ginsenoside Rg1, Rg3, and RE, resulted in significant reductions in the amount of Abeta detected in the brains of animals after single oral doses of these agents. The results indicate that ginseng itself, or purified ginsenosides, may have similarly useful effects in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, Birdsall Bldg. Rm. 327, 4500 San Pablo Rd., Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
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Pearlstein RD, Whitten C, Haerich P. Assessing neurocognitive dysfunction in cranial radiotherapy: can cognitive event-related potentials help? Technol Cancer Res Treat 2006; 5:109-25. [PMID: 16551131 DOI: 10.1177/153303460600500205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive changes are common sequelae of cancer and cancer treatment, particularly in patients receiving cranial radiotherapy (RT). These effects are typically assessed by subjective clinical examination or using objective neuropsychological tests. Biologically based neurophysiological methods have been increasingly applied to the study of cognitive processing in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders and as objective measures of cognitive status for patients with dementia. These methods detect the activation of neural circuits that directly mediate cognitive function in the human brain and include metabolic and electrophysiology based techniques. Neuroimaging procedures such as 18FDG PET and more recently fMRI, which detect metabolic activation associated with cognitive processing, provide excellent spatial resolution and can be directly correlated with neuroradiological findings associated with cranial RT neurotoxicity. Clinical electrophysiology procedures such as cognitive event-related potentials (ERP), which detect the neuronal electrical activity associated with cognitive processing, offer excellent temporal resolution at low cost. Cognitive ERP techniques are already being used to assess severity and progression of cognitive dysfunction in patients with vascular and degenerative dementias, but have been largely overlooked in studies of radiation-related cognitive impairments. We review these various electrophysiological methods in the context of their relevance to assessing cranial RT effects on cognitive function, and provide recommendations for a neurophysiological approach to supplement current neuropsychological tests for RT cognitive impairments. This technology is well suited for clinical assessment of neurocognitive sequelae of cancer and should provide new insights into the mechanism of RT-related cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Pearlstein
- Department of Surgery/Neurosurgery, Duke University and Medical Center, Box 3388 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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Iliadou V, Iakovides S. Contribution of psychoacoustics and neuroaudiology in revealing correlation of mental disorders with central auditory processing disorders. ANNALS OF GENERAL HOSPITAL PSYCHIATRY 2003; 2:5. [PMID: 12793908 PMCID: PMC162166 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2832-2-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2003] [Accepted: 05/20/2003] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Psychoacoustics is a fascinating developing field concerned with the evaluation of the hearing sensation as an outcome of a sound or speech stimulus. Neuroaudiology with electrophysiologic testing, records the electrical activity of the auditory pathways, extending from the 8th cranial nerve up to the cortical auditory centers as a result of external auditory stimuli. Central Auditory Processing Disorders may co-exist with mental disorders and complicate diagnosis and outcome. DESIGN: A MEDLINE search was conducted to search for papers concerning the association between Central Auditory Processing Disorders and mental disorders. The research focused on the diagnostic methods providing the inter-connection of various mental disorders and central auditory deficits. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The medline research revealed 564 papers when using the keywords 'auditory deficits' and 'mental disorders'. 79 papers were referring specifically to Central Auditory Processing Disorders in connection with mental disorders. 175 papers were related to Schizophrenia, 126 to learning disabilities, 29 to Parkinson's disease, 88 to dyslexia and 39 to Alzheimer's disease. Assessment of the Central Auditory System is carried out through a great variety of tests that fall into two main categories: psychoacoustic and electrophysiologic testing. Different specialties are involved in the diagnosis and management of Central Auditory Processing Disorders as well as the mental disorders that may co-exist with them. As a result it is essential that they are all aware of the possibilities in diagnostic procedures. CONCLUSIONS: Considerable evidence exists that mental disorders may correlate with CAPD and this correlation could be revealed through psychoacoustics and neuroaudiology. Mental disorders that relate to Central Auditory Processing Disorders are: Schizophrenia, attention deficit disorders, Alzheimer's disease, learning disabilities, dyslexia, depression, auditory hallucinations, Parkinson's disease, alcoholism, anorexia and childhood mental retardation. Clinical awareness should be high in order for doctors of the two specialties, psychiatry and otorhinolaryngology-audiology to collaborate.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Iliadou
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Greece
| | - S Iakovides
- 3Department of Psychiatry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Greece
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