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Nguyen LH, Leiser SC, Song D, Brunner D, Roberds SL, Wong M, Bordey A. Inhibition of MEK-ERK signaling reduces seizures in two mouse models of tuberous sclerosis complex. Epilepsy Res 2022; 181:106890. [PMID: 35219048 PMCID: PMC8930622 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.106890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a monogenic disorder characterized by hyperactivation of the mTOR signaling pathway and developmental brain malformations leading to intractable epilepsy. Although treatment with the recently approved mTOR inhibitor, everolimus, results in clinically relevant seizure suppression in up to 40% of TSC patients, seizures remain uncontrolled in a large number of cases, underscoring the need to identify novel treatment targets. The MEK-ERK signaling pathway has been found to be aberrantly activated in TSC and inhibition of MEK-ERK activity independently of mTOR rescued neuronal dendrite overgrowth in mice modeling TSC neuropathology. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of MEK-ERK inhibition on seizures in two mouse models of TSC. We found that treatment with the MEK inhibitor PD0325901 (mirdametinib) significantly reduced seizure activity in both TSC mouse models. These findings support inhibiting MEK-ERK activity as a potential alternative strategy to treat seizures in TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena H. Nguyen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Steven C. Leiser
- Department of Translational EEG, PsychoGenics, Inc., Paramus, NJ, USA
| | - Dekun Song
- Department of Translational EEG, PsychoGenics, Inc., Paramus, NJ, USA
| | | | | | - Michael Wong
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Angelique Bordey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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2
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Cuddy LK, Prokopenko D, Cunningham EP, Brimberry R, Song P, Kirchner R, Chapman BA, Hofmann O, Hide W, Procissi D, Hanania T, Leiser SC, Tanzi RE, Vassar R. Aβ-accelerated neurodegeneration caused by Alzheimer's-associated ACE variant R1279Q is rescued by angiotensin system inhibition in mice. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/563/eaaz2541. [PMID: 32998969 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz2541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies identified the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) as an Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk locus. However, the pathogenic mechanism by which ACE causes AD is unknown. Using whole-genome sequencing, we identified rare ACE coding variants in AD families and investigated one, ACE1 R1279Q, in knockin (KI) mice. Similar to AD, ACE1 was increased in neurons, but not microglia or astrocytes, of KI brains, which became elevated further with age. Angiotensin II (angII) and angII receptor AT1R signaling were also increased in KI brains. Autosomal dominant neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation occurred with aging in KI hippocampus, which were absent in the cortex and cerebellum. Female KI mice exhibited greater hippocampal electroencephalograph disruption and memory impairment compared to males. ACE variant effects were more pronounced in female KI mice, suggesting a mechanism for higher AD risk in women. Hippocampal neurodegeneration was completely rescued by treatment with brain-penetrant drugs that inhibit ACE1 and AT1R. Although ACE variant-induced neurodegeneration did not depend on β-amyloid (Aβ) pathology, amyloidosis in 5XFAD mice crossed to KI mice accelerated neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation, whereas Aβ deposition was unchanged. KI mice had normal blood pressure and cerebrovascular functions. Our findings strongly suggest that increased ACE1/angII signaling causes aging-dependent, Aβ-accelerated selective hippocampal neuron vulnerability and female susceptibility, hallmarks of AD that have hitherto been enigmatic. We conclude that repurposed brain-penetrant ACE inhibitors and AT1R blockers may protect against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah K Cuddy
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Dmitry Prokopenko
- Genetics and Aging Unit and McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Eric P Cunningham
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ross Brimberry
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Peter Song
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rory Kirchner
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brad A Chapman
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Oliver Hofmann
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Winston Hide
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Daniele Procissi
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | | | - Rudolph E Tanzi
- Genetics and Aging Unit and McCance Center for Brain Health, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02129, USA.
| | - Robert Vassar
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. .,Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer's Disease, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Han Z, Chen C, Christiansen A, Ji S, Lin Q, Anumonwo C, Liu C, Leiser SC, Meena, Aznarez I, Liau G, Isom LL. Antisense oligonucleotides increase Scn1a expression and reduce seizures and SUDEP incidence in a mouse model of Dravet syndrome. Sci Transl Med 2021; 12:12/558/eaaz6100. [PMID: 32848094 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz6100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dravet syndrome (DS) is an intractable developmental and epileptic encephalopathy caused largely by de novo variants in the SCN1A gene, resulting in haploinsufficiency of the voltage-gated sodium channel α subunit NaV1.1. Here, we used Targeted Augmentation of Nuclear Gene Output (TANGO) technology, which modulates naturally occurring, nonproductive splicing events to increase target gene and protein expression and ameliorate disease phenotype in a mouse model. We identified antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) that specifically increase the expression of productive Scn1a transcript in human cell lines, as well as in mouse brain. We show that a single intracerebroventricular dose of a lead ASO at postnatal day 2 or 14 reduced the incidence of electrographic seizures and sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) in the F1:129S-Scn1a +/- × C57BL/6J mouse model of DS. Increased expression of productive Scn1a transcript and NaV1.1 protein was confirmed in brains of treated mice. Our results suggest that TANGO may provide a unique, gene-specific approach for the treatment of DS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Han
- Stoke Therapeutics Inc., Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Chunling Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Sophina Ji
- Stoke Therapeutics Inc., Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Qian Lin
- Stoke Therapeutics Inc., Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Charles Anumonwo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Chante Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Meena
- Stoke Therapeutics Inc., Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | | | - Gene Liau
- Stoke Therapeutics Inc., Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Lori L Isom
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Laursen B, Bundgaard CH, Graversen C, Grupe M, Sanchez C, Leiser SC, Sorensen HBD, Drewes AM, Bastlund JF. Acute dosing of vortioxetine strengthens event-related brain activity associated with engagement of attention and cognitive functioning in rats. Brain Res 2017; 1664:37-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Laursen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark; Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark.
| | - Cecilie H Bundgaard
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 349, Oersteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Carina Graversen
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Morten Grupe
- Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Steven C Leiser
- Brintellix Science Team, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Helge B D Sorensen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Building 349, Oersteds Plads, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Asbjørn M Drewes
- Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital, Mølleparkvej 4, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Jesper F Bastlund
- Department of Synaptic Transmission In vivo, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
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Amat-Foraster M, Leiser SC, Herrik KF, Richard N, Agerskov C, Bundgaard C, Bastlund JF, de Jong IE. The 5-HT6 receptor antagonist idalopirdine potentiates the effects of donepezil on gamma oscillations in the frontal cortex of anesthetized and awake rats without affecting sleep-wake architecture. Neuropharmacology 2017; 113:45-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Leiser SC, Iglesias-Bregna D, Westrich L, Pehrson AL, Sanchez C. Differentiated effects of the multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine on sleep architecture: Part 2, pharmacological interactions in rodents suggest a role of serotonin-3 receptor antagonism. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:1092-105. [PMID: 26174134 PMCID: PMC4579402 DOI: 10.1177/0269881115592347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Antidepressants often disrupt sleep. Vortioxetine, a multimodal antidepressant acting through serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) inhibition, 5-HT3, 5-HT7 and 5-HT1D receptor antagonism, 5-HT1B receptor partial agonism, and 5-HT1A receptor agonism, had fewer incidences of sleep-related adverse events reported in depressed patients. In the accompanying paper a polysomnographic electroencephalography (sleep-EEG) study of vortioxetine and paroxetine in healthy subjects indicated that at low/intermediate levels of SERT occupancy, vortioxetine affected rapid eye movement (REM) sleep differently than paroxetine. Here we investigated clinically meaningful doses (80-90% SERT occupancy) of vortioxetine and paroxetine on sleep-EEG in rats to further elucidate the serotoninergic receptor mechanisms mediating this difference. Cortical EEG, electromyography (EMG), and locomotion were recorded telemetrically for 10 days, following an acute dose, from rats receiving vortioxetine-infused chow or paroxetine-infused water and respective controls. Sleep stages were manually scored into active wake, quiet wake, and non-REM or REM sleep. Acute paroxetine or vortioxetine delayed REM onset latency (ROL) and decreased REM episodes. After repeated administration, vortioxetine yielded normal sleep-wake rhythms while paroxetine continued to suppress REM. Paroxetine, unlike vortioxetine, increased transitions from non-REM to wake, suggesting fragmented sleep. Next, we investigated the role of 5-HT3 receptors in eliciting these differences. The 5-HT3 receptor antagonist ondansetron significantly reduced paroxetine's acute effects on ROL, while the 5-HT3 receptor agonist SR57227A significantly increased vortioxetine's acute effect on ROL. Overall, our data are consistent with the clinical findings that vortioxetine impacts REM sleep differently than paroxetine, and suggests a role for 5-HT3 receptor antagonism in mitigating these differences.
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7
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Leiser SC, Li Y, Pehrson AL, Dale E, Smagin G, Sanchez C. Serotonergic Regulation of Prefrontal Cortical Circuitries Involved in Cognitive Processing: A Review of Individual 5-HT Receptor Mechanisms and Concerted Effects of 5-HT Receptors Exemplified by the Multimodal Antidepressant Vortioxetine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2015; 6:970-86. [PMID: 25746856 DOI: 10.1021/cn500340j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been known for several decades that serotonergic neurotransmission is a key regulator of cognitive function, mood, and sleep. Yet with the relatively recent discoveries of novel serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtypes, as well as an expanding knowledge of their expression level in certain brain regions and localization on certain cell types, their involvement in cognitive processes is still emerging. Of particular interest are cognitive processes impacted in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is critical to normal cognitive processes, including attention, impulsivity, planning, decision-making, working memory, and learning or recall of learned memories. Furthermore, serotonergic dysregulation within the PFC is implicated in many neuropsychiatric disorders associated with prominent symptoms of cognitive dysfunction. Thus, it is important to better understand the overall makeup of serotonergic receptors in the PFC and on which cell types these receptors mediate their actions. In this Review, we focus on 5-HT receptor expression patterns within the PFC and how they influence cognitive behavior and neurotransmission. We further discuss the net effects of vortioxetine, an antidepressant acting through multiple serotonergic targets given the recent findings that vortioxetine improves cognition by modulating multiple neurotransmitter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yan Li
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey 07650, United States
| | - Alan L. Pehrson
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey 07650, United States
| | - Elena Dale
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey 07650, United States
| | - Gennady Smagin
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey 07650, United States
| | - Connie Sanchez
- Lundbeck Research USA, Paramus, New Jersey 07650, United States
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8
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Leiser SC, Foraster MA, Herrik KF, Bastlund JF, Jong IE. P2‐319: The 5‐ht
6
receptor antagonist idalopirdine in combination with donepezil potentiates theta and gamma eeg oscillations in the frontal cortex of the freely moving rat. Alzheimers Dement 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2015.06.861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Leiser SC, Pehrson AL, Robichaud PJ, Sanchez C. Multimodal antidepressant vortioxetine increases frontal cortical oscillations unlike escitalopram and duloxetine--a quantitative EEG study in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 171:4255-72. [PMID: 24846338 PMCID: PMC4241092 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 04/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose EEG studies show that 5-HT is involved in regulation of sleep–wake state and modulates cortical oscillations. Vortioxetine is a 5-HT3, 5-HT7, and 5-HT1D receptor antagonist, 5-HT1B partial agonist, 5-HT1A agonist, and 5-HT transporter inhibitor. Preclinical (animal) and clinical studies with vortioxetine show positive impact on cognitive metrics involving cortical function. Here we assess vortioxetine's effect on cortical neuronal oscillations in actively awake rats. Experimental Approach Telemetric EEG recordings were obtained with the following treatments (mg·kg−1, s.c.): vehicle, vortioxetine (0.1, 1.0, 3.0, 10), 5-HT1A agonist flesinoxan (2.5), 5-HT3 antagonist ondansetron (0.30), 5-HT7 antagonist SB-269970-A (10), escitalopram (2.0), duloxetine (10) and vortioxetine plus flesinoxan. Target occupancies were determined by ex vivo autoradiography. Key Results Vortioxetine dose-dependently increased wakefulness. Flesinoxan, duloxetine, ondansetron, but not escitalopram or SB-269970-A increased wakefulness. Quantitative spectral analyses showed vortioxetine alone and with flesinoxan increased θ (4–8 Hz), α (8–12 Hz) and γ (30–50 Hz) power. Duloxetine had no effect on θ and γ, but decreased α power, while escitalopram produced no changes. Ondansetron and SB-269970 (≈31–35% occupancy) increased θ power. Flesinoxan (≈41% occupancy) increased θ and γ power. Conclusions and Implications Vortioxetine increased wakefulness and increased frontal cortical activity, most likely because of its 5-HT7 and 5-HT3 antagonism and 5-HT1A agonism. Vortioxetine differs from escitalopram and duloxetine by increasing cortical θ, α and γ oscillations. These preclinical findings suggest a role of vortioxetine in modulating cortical circuits known to be recruited during cognitive behaviours and warrant further investigation as to their clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Leiser
- Department of BioAnalysis & Physiology, Lundbeck Research USA, Inc., Paramus, NJ, USA
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10
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Dale E, Zhang H, Leiser SC, Xiao Y, Lu D, Yang CR, Plath N, Sanchez C. Vortioxetine disinhibits pyramidal cell function and enhances synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampus. J Psychopharmacol 2014; 28:891-902. [PMID: 25122043 PMCID: PMC4230848 DOI: 10.1177/0269881114543719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Vortioxetine, a novel antidepressant with multimodal action, is a serotonin (5-HT)3, 5-HT7 and 5-HT1D receptor antagonist, a 5-HT1B receptor partial agonist, a 5-HT1A receptor agonist and a 5-HT transporter (SERT) inhibitor. Vortioxetine has been shown to improve cognitive performance in several preclinical rat models and in patients with major depressive disorder. Here we investigated the mechanistic basis for these effects by studying the effect of vortioxetine on synaptic transmission, long-term potentiation (LTP), a cellular correlate of learning and memory, and theta oscillations in the rat hippocampus and frontal cortex. Vortioxetine was found to prevent the 5-HT-induced increase in inhibitory post-synaptic potentials recorded from CA1 pyramidal cells, most likely by 5-HT3 receptor antagonism. Vortioxetine also enhanced LTP in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. Finally, vortioxetine increased fronto-cortical theta power during active wake in whole animal electroencephalographic recordings. In comparison, the selective SERT inhibitor escitalopram showed no effect on any of these measures. Taken together, our results indicate that vortioxetine can increase pyramidal cell output, which leads to enhanced synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. Given the central role of the hippocampus in cognition, these findings may provide a cellular correlate to the observed preclinical and clinical cognition-enhancing effects of vortioxetine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yixin Xiao
- Shanghai Chempartner Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Dunguo Lu
- Shanghai Chempartner Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
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Wilson FJ, Leiser SC, Ivarsson M, Christensen SR, Bastlund JF. Can pharmaco-electroencephalography help improve survival of central nervous system drugs in early clinical development? Drug Discov Today 2013; 19:282-8. [PMID: 23954252 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaco-electroencephalography has significant yet unrealised promise as a translatable intermediate biomarker of central pharmacodynamic activity that could help reduce Phase 2 attrition in the development of central nervous system drugs. In an effort to understand its true potential, a framework for decision-making was proposed and the utility of pharmaco-electroencephalography was assessed through several case studies. A key finding was that lack of standardisation reduces the value of data pooling and meta-analyses and renders assessment of translatability difficult, limiting utility in all but simple cases. Pre-competitive collaboration is essential both to improving understanding of translation and developing modern signal processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick J Wilson
- Medical Imaging and Physiological Measurements Consultant, Canterbury, Kent, UK.
| | - Steven C Leiser
- Lundbeck Research USA, Inc., 215 College Road, Paramus, NJ 07652, USA
| | - Magnus Ivarsson
- Science for Life Laboratory (SciLifeLab Stockholm), AstraZeneca Research and Development, Tomtebodavägen 23, S-171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Søren R Christensen
- Clinical Pharmacology, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
| | - Jesper F Bastlund
- Synaptic Transmission, H. Lundbeck A/S, Ottiliavej 9, DK-2500 Valby, Denmark
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Curtis AL, Leiser SC, Snyder K, Valentino RJ. Predator stress engages corticotropin-releasing factor and opioid systems to alter the operating mode of locus coeruleus norepinephrine neurons. Neuropharmacology 2011; 62:1737-45. [PMID: 22210331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2011.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The norepinephrine nucleus, locus coeruleus (LC), has been implicated in cognitive aspects of the stress response, in part through its regulation by the stress-related neuropeptide, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF). LC neurons discharge in tonic and phasic modes that differentially modulate attention and behavior. Here, the effects of exposure to an ethologically relevant stressor, predator odor, on spontaneous (tonic) and auditory-evoked (phasic) LC discharge were characterized in unanesthetized rats. Similar to the effects of CRF, stressor presentation increased tonic LC discharge and decreased phasic auditory-evoked discharge, thereby decreasing the signal-to-noise ratio of the sensory response. This stress-induced shift in LC discharge toward a high tonic mode was prevented by a CRF antagonist. Moreover, CRF antagonism during stress unmasked a large decrease in tonic discharge rate that was opioid mediated because it was prevented by pretreatment with the opiate antagonist, naloxone. Elimination of both CRF and opioid influences with an antagonist combination rendered LC activity unaffected by the stressor. These results demonstrate that both CRF and opioid afferents are engaged during stress to fine-tune LC activity. The predominant CRF influence shifts the operational mode of LC activity toward a high tonic state that is thought to facilitate behavioral flexibility and may be adaptive in coping with the stressor. Simultaneously, stress engages an opposing opioid influence that restrains the CRF influence and may facilitate recovery toward pre-stress levels of activity. Changes in the balance of CRF:opioid regulation of the LC could have consequences for stress vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andre L Curtis
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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Brown JT, Chin J, Leiser SC, Pangalos MN, Randall AD. Altered intrinsic neuronal excitability and reduced Na+ currents in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging 2011; 32:2109.e1-14. [PMID: 21794952 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2011.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 04/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Transgenic mice that overproduce beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides can exhibit central nervous system network hyperactivity. Patch clamp measurements from CA1 pyramidal cells of PSAPP and wild type mice were employed to investigate if altered intrinsic excitability could contribute to such network hyperfunction. At approximately 10 months, when PSAPP mice have a substantial central nervous system Aβ load, resting potential and input resistance were genotype-independent. However, PSAPP mice exhibited a substantially more prominent action potential (AP) burst close to the onset of weak depolarizing current stimuli. The spike afterdepolarization (ADP) was also larger in PSAPP mice. The rate of rise, width and height of APs were reduced in PSAPP animals; AP threshold was unaltered. Voltage-clamp recordings from nucleated macropatches revealed that somatic Na(+) current density was depressed by approximately 50% in PSAPP mice. K(+) current density was unaltered. All genotype-related differences were absent in PSAPP mice aged 5-7 weeks which lack a substantial Aβ load. We conclude that intrinsic neuronal hyperexcitability and changes to AP waveforms may contribute to neurophysiological deficits that arise as a consequence of Aβ accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon T Brown
- Pfizer Applied Neurophysiology Group, University of Bristol School of Physiology and Pharmacology, Bristol, UK
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14
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Leiser SC, Dunlop J, Bowlby MR, Devilbiss DM. Aligning strategies for using EEG as a surrogate biomarker: A review of preclinical and clinical research. Biochem Pharmacol 2011; 81:1408-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Leiser SC, Bowlby MR, Comery TA, Dunlop J. A cog in cognition: How the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is geared towards improving cognitive deficits. Pharmacol Ther 2009; 122:302-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/20/2009] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Leiser SC, Moxon KA. Responses of Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons during Natural Whisking Behaviors in the Awake Rat. Neuron 2007; 53:117-33. [PMID: 17196535 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2006.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2006] [Revised: 08/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rats use their whiskers to locate and discriminate tactile features of their environment. Mechanoreceptors surrounding each whisker encode and transmit sensory information from the environment to the brain via afferents whose cell bodies lie in the trigeminal ganglion (Vg). These afferents are classified as rapidly (RA) or slowly (SA) adapting by their response to stimulation. The activity of these cells in the awake behaving rat is yet unknown. Therefore, we developed a method to chronically record Vg neurons during natural whisking behaviors and found that all cells exhibited (1) no neuronal activity when the whiskers were not in motion, (2) increased activity when the rat whisked, with activity correlated to whisk frequency, and (3) robust increases in activity when the whiskers contacted an object. Moreover, we observed distinct differences in the firing rates between RA and SA cells, suggesting that they encode distinct aspects of stimuli in the awake rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Leiser
- Drexel University, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA
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Kiddoo DA, Valentino RJ, Zderic S, Ganesh A, Leiser SC, Hale L, Grigoriadis DE. Impact of state of arousal and stress neuropeptides on urodynamic function in freely moving rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 290:R1697-706. [PMID: 16439667 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00742.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) is a neurotransmitter in Barrington's nucleus neurons. These neurons can coregulate parasympathetic tone to the bladder (to modulate micturition) and brain noradrenergic activity (to affect arousal). To identify the role of CRF in the regulation of micturition, the effects of CRF agonists and antagonists on urodynamics in the unanesthetized rat were characterized. Rats were implanted with bladder and intrathecal or intraperitoneal catheters under isoflurane anesthesia. Cystometry was performed in the unanesthetized, unrestrained state at least 24 h later. In some cases, cortical electroencephalographic activity (EEG) was recorded simultaneously to assess arousal state. During cystometry, the state of arousal often shifted between waking and sleeping and urodynamic function changed depending on the state. Micturition threshold, bladder capacity, and micturition volume were all increased during sleep. The CRF1/CRF2 receptor agonists CRF and urocortin 2 increased bladder capacity and micturition volume in awake but not in sleeping rats. Conversely, the CRF1 receptor antagonists antalarmin and NBI-30775 increased urinary frequency and decreased bladder capacity in awake rats. The present results demonstrate a profound effect of the state of arousal on urodynamic function and suggest that simultaneous monitoring of EEG and cystometry may provide a useful model for studying nocturnal enuresis and other urinary disorders. In addition, the results provide evidence for an inhibitory influence of CRF in the spinal pathway on micturition. Targeting the CRF system in the spinal cord may provide a novel approach for treating urinary disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darcie A Kiddoo
- Department of Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 402C Abramson Bldg., Osler Cr., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Leiser SC, Moxon KA. Relationship between physiological response type (RA and SA) and vibrissal receptive field of neurons within the rat trigeminal ganglion. J Neurophysiol 2006; 95:3129-45. [PMID: 16421201 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00157.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells within the trigeminal ganglion (Vg) encode all the information necessary for the rat to differentiate tactile stimuli, yet it is the least-studied component in the rodent trigeminal somatosensory system. For example, extensive anatomical and electrophysiological investigations have shown clear somatotopic organization in the higher levels of this system, including VPM thalamus and SI cortex, yet whether this conserved schemata exists in the Vg is unknown. Moreover although there is recent interest in recording from vibrissae-responsive cells in the Vg, it is surprising to note that the locations of these cells have not even been clearly demarcated. To address this, we recorded extracellularly from 350 sensory-responsive Vg neurons in 35 Long-Evans rats. First, we determined three-dimensional locations of these cells and found a finer detail of somatotopy than previously reported. Cells innervating dorsal facial features, even within the whisker region, were more dorsal than midline and ventral features. We also show more cells with caudal than rostral whisker receptive fields (RF), similar to that found in VPM and SI. Next, for each vibrissal cell we determined its response type classified as either rapidly (RA) or slowly (SA) adapting. We examined the relationship between vibrissal RF and response type and demonstrate similar proportions of RA and SA cells responding to any whisker. These results suggest that if RA and SA cells encode distinct features of stimuli, as previously suggested, then at the basic physiological level each whisker has similar abilities to encode for such features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven C Leiser
- Department Neurobiology and Anatomy, Drexel University, School of Biomedical Engineering, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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