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Wolverson E, Dunning R, Crowther G, Russell G, Underwood BR. The Characteristics and Outcomes of People with Dementia in Inpatient Mental Health Care: A Review. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-20. [PMID: 35897148 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2104145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Inpatient mental health beds for people with dementia are a limited resource. Practitioners need an understanding of this population to provide high-quality care and design services. This review examines the characteristics, care, and outcomes of people with dementia admitted to inpatient mental health services. METHODS Systematic searches of key databases were undertaken up to November 2021. Findings were grouped into categories and then synthesized into a narrative review. RESULTS The review identified 36 international papers, the majority of which were retrospective audits. The literature describes significant psychiatric and medical comorbidity and significant risk of change in residence and death associated with admission. CONCLUSIONS We found a limited literature describing the characteristics, care, and outcomes of people with dementia in inpatient mental health services. The lack of research is striking given the complexity and vulnerability of this client group. More research is needed to describe the needs of this group, current and best practice to optimize care. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Professionals working in inpatient mental health services need to be aware of the evidence base available, consider how they evaluate patient outcomes, review their staffing and skills mix, and seek the views of patients and relatives in improving services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Wolverson
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust, Willerby Hill, Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Rebecca Dunning
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust, Willerby Hill, Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - George Crowther
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Leeds and York Partnership NHS Foundation Trust, Century Way, Leeds, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Leeds Institute of Health Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Gregor Russell
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Leeds Institute of Health Science, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Bradford District Care NHS Foundation Trust, Osprey House, Lynfield Mount Hospital, Hull, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Benjamin R Underwood
- Department of Clinical Psychology for Older People, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Windsor Unit, Fulbourn Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Rao WW, Zeng LN, Zhang JW, Zong QQ, An FR, Ng CH, Ungvari GS, Yang FY, Zhang J, Peng KZ, Xiang YT. Worldwide prevalence of falls in older adults with psychiatric disorders: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Psychiatry Res 2019; 273:114-120. [PMID: 30641340 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Falls are common in older adults with psychiatric disorders, but the epidemiological findings have been inconsistent. This meta-analysis examined the prevalence of falls in older psychiatric patients and its moderating factors. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases were independently searched by three investigators from their inception date to Nov 31, 2017. The random effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize the prevalence of falls, while meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the moderating factors. Sixteen of the 2061 potentially relevant papers met the entry criteria for the meta-analysis. The pooled lifetime prevalence of falls was 17.25% (95% confidence interval: 13.14%-21.35%). Neither univariate and nor multivariate meta-regression analyses revealed any moderating effects of the study region, duration, sample size, and quality on the prevalence of falls (P values > 0.05). Falls in older adults with psychiatric disorders are common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wang Rao
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, 3/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China
| | - Liang-Nan Zeng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, 3/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China; Department of Neurosurgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Sichuan province, China
| | - Ji-Wen Zhang
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zong
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, School of Mental Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Rong An
- The National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, School of Mental Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chee H Ng
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabor S Ungvari
- The University of Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia; Division of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Fang-Yu Yang
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- Faculty of Education, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Kelly Z Peng
- Department of Business Administration, Hong Kong Shue Yan University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu-Tao Xiang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Macau, 3/F, Building E12, Macao SAR, China.
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Carpar E, McCarthy G, Adamis D, Donmezler G, Cesur E, Fistikci N. Socio-demographic characteristics and factors associated with hospitalization in psychiatry of old age patients: an international comparison between Ireland and Turkey. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:651-660. [PMID: 28808907 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taking predictors of hospitalization characteristics into consideration internationally would broaden our understanding of this population on a local basis. AIMS We aimed to examine and compare socio-demographic profiles along with hospitalization characteristics including length of hospital stay (LOS), reasons for admission and diagnoses among older adult inpatients hospitalized in Ireland and Turkey, and to assess factors predicting these features. METHODS The admission charts of 356 psychiatric inpatients over 65 years of age who were admitted to two different acute psychiatric hospitals (Sligo/Ireland and Istanbul/Turkey) were analysed by means of descriptive modalities and logistic regression. RESULTS There were significant differences in several domains of socio-demographics, reasons of admission and diagnoses. LOS was significantly longer in Ireland. Living alone was the only significant predictor for longer LOS in both countries, whereas in addition to living alone, younger age was also a contributor for longer LOS in Turkey. DISCUSSION Given that the only factor predicting LOS both in Turkey and Ireland was living alone, helping to identify more acceptable ways of providing social support for living arrangements constitutes an important service to shorten LOS in old age psychiatric population. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to infer that independent from the cultural diversities, living arrangement is a consistent entity to influence length of hospital stay in older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Carpar
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Geraldine McCarthy
- Departmant of Psychiatry, Sligo Leitrim South Donegal Mental Health Service, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios Adamis
- Departmant of Psychiatry, Sligo Leitrim South Donegal Mental Health Service, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Gizem Donmezler
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ender Cesur
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Fistikci
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Research and Training Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Zuhuratbaba, 34147, Istanbul, Turkey
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Powell-Cope G, Quigley P, Besterman-Dahan K, Smith M, Stewart J, Melillo C, Haun J, Friedman Y. A qualitative understanding of patient falls in inpatient mental health units. J Am Psychiatr Nurses Assoc 2014; 20:328-39. [PMID: 25288601 DOI: 10.1177/1078390314553269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are the leading cause of injury-related deaths among people age 65 and older, and fractures are the major category of serious injuries produced by falls. OBJECTIVE Determine market segment-specific recommendations for "selling" falls prevention in acute inpatient psychiatry. DESIGN Descriptive using focus groups. SETTING One inpatient unit at a Veterans' hospital in the Southeastern United States and one national conference of psychiatric and mental health nurses. PATIENTS A convenience sample of 22 registered nurses and advanced practice nurses, one physical therapist and two physicians participated in one of six focus groups. INTERVENTION None. MEASUREMENTS Focus groups were conducted by expert facilitators using a semistructured interview guide. Focus groups were recorded and transcribed. Content analysis was used to organize findings. RESULTS Findings were grouped into fall risk assessment, clinical fall risk precautions, programmatic fall prevention, and "selling" fall prevention in psychiatry. Participants focused on falls prevention instead of fall injury prevention, were committed to reducing risk, and were receptive to learning how to improve safety. Participants recognized unique features of their patients and care settings that defined risk, and were highly motivated to work with other disciplines to keep patients safe. CONCLUSIONS Selling fall injury prevention to staff in psychiatric settings is similar to selling fall injury prevention to staff in other health care settings. Appealing to the larger construct of patient safety will motivate staff in psychiatric settings to implement best practices and customize these to account for unique population needs characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Powell-Cope
- Gail Powell-Cope, PhD, ARNP, FAAN, VISN 8 Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Quigley
- Patricia Quigley, PhD, ARNP, CRRN, FAAN, FAANP, VISN 8 Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Karen Besterman-Dahan
- Karen Besterman-Dahan, PhD, VISN 8 Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Maureen Smith
- Maureen Smith, ARNP, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jonathan Stewart
- Jonathan Stewart, MD, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Christine Melillo
- Christine Melillo, RN, MPH, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jolie Haun
- Jolie Haun, PhD, VISN 8 Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yvonne Friedman
- Yvonne Friedman, MA, OTR/L, CCRC, VISN 8 Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, James A. Haley Veterans' Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA
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Manu P, Al-Dhaher Z, Khan S, Kane JM, Correll CU. Elevated blood urea nitrogen and medical outcome of psychiatric inpatients. Psychiatr Q 2014; 85:111-20. [PMID: 24136084 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-013-9274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is associated with increased severity of illness and mortality, but its predictive value has not been studied in patients admitted to free-standing psychiatric hospitals. To determine the clinical outcome of psychiatric inpatients with elevated BUN on admission and to create a quantitative method of using BUN for predicting deteriorations requiring transfers of psychiatric inpatients to a general hospital we conducted a retrospective cohort study of 939 adults consecutively admitted to a free-standing psychiatric hospital in 2010. Transfer to a general hospital was used as a proxy marker for poor medical outcome. The score Age (years) plus BUN (mg/dL) was used in sensitivity analyses to identify patients with medical deterioration in derivation (N = 523) and validation (N = 414) samples. Fifty-two (5.5%) patients had admission azotemia (BUN >25 mg/dL). Medical deteriorations requiring emergency transfer to a general hospital occurred in 24 (46.2%; 95% confidence interval = 32.6-49.8%) of azotemic patients and 112 (12.6%; 95% confidence interval = 10.4-14.8%) of those with normal BUN (p < 0.0001). Age + BUN ≥ 90 identified 51 transferred patients and had positive and negative predictive values of 39.8 and 89.5%, respectively, in the entire sample. We conclude that psychiatric inpatients with BUN >25 mg/dL or Age + BUN ≥ 90 are at risk for medical deterioration. Free-standing psychiatric hospitals should develop models of care requiring frequent, scheduled medical follow-up and enhanced monitoring for this vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Manu
- Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore - Long Island Jewish Health System, 75-59 263rd Street, Glen Oaks, NY, 11004, USA,
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