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Engstrom T, Lobo EH, Watego K, Nelson C, Wang J, Wong H, Kim SL, Oh SI, Lawley M, Gorse AD, Ward J, Sullivan C. Indigenous data governance approaches applied in research using routinely collected health data: a scoping review. NPJ Digit Med 2024; 7:68. [PMID: 38491156 PMCID: PMC10943072 DOI: 10.1038/s41746-024-01070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, there is a growing acknowledgment of Indigenous Peoples' rights to control data related to their communities. This is seen in the development of Indigenous Data Governance standards. As health data collection increases, it's crucial to apply these standards in research involving Indigenous communities. Our study, therefore, aims to systematically review research using routinely collected health data of Indigenous Peoples, understanding the Indigenous Data Governance approaches and the associated advantages and challenges. We searched electronic databases for studies from 2013 to 2022, resulting in 85 selected articles. Of these, 65 (77%) involved Indigenous Peoples in the research, and 60 (71%) were authored by Indigenous individuals or organisations. While most studies (93%) provided ethical approval details, only 18 (21%) described Indigenous guiding principles, 35 (41%) reported on data sovereignty, and 28 (33%) addressed consent. This highlights the increasing focus on Indigenous Data Governance in utilising health data. Leveraging existing data sources in line with Indigenous data governance principles is vital for better understanding Indigenous health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teyl Engstrom
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | - Elton H Lobo
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
| | - Kristie Watego
- Institute for Urban Indigenous Health, Windsor, QLD, Australia
| | - Carmel Nelson
- Institute for Urban Indigenous Health, Windsor, QLD, Australia
| | - Jinxiang Wang
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Howard Wong
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Sungkyung Linda Kim
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Soo In Oh
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | | | | | - James Ward
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Clair Sullivan
- Queensland Digital Health Centre, Centre for Health Services Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, QLD, Australia
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Ager EE, Sturdavant W, Curry Z, Ahmed F, DeJonckheere M, Gutting AA, Merchant RC, Kocher KE, Solnick RE. Mixed-methods Evaluation of an Expedited Partner Therapy Take-home Medication Program: Pilot Emergency Department Intervention to Improve Sexual Health Equity. West J Emerg Med 2023; 24:993-1004. [PMID: 37788042 PMCID: PMC10527844 DOI: 10.5811/westjem.59506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Treatment for partners of patients diagnosed with sexually transmitted infections (STI), referred to as expedited partner therapy (EPT), is infrequently used in the emergency department (ED). This was a pilot program to initiate and evaluate EPT through medication-in-hand ("take-home") kits or paper prescriptions. In this study we aimed to assess the frequency of EPT prescribing, the efficacy of a randomized best practice advisory (BPA) on the uptake, perceptions of emergency clinicians regarding the EPT pilot, and factors associated with EPT prescribing. Methods: We conducted this pilot study at an academic ED in the midwestern US between August-October 2021. The primary outcome of EPT prescription uptake and the BPA impact was measured via chart abstraction and analyzed through summary statistics and the Fisher exact test. We analyzed the secondary outcome of barriers and facilitators to program implementation through ED staff interviews (physicians, physician assistants, and nurses). We used a rapid qualitative assessment method for the analysis of the interviews. Results: During the study period, 52 ED patients were treated for chlamydia/gonorrhea, and EPT was offered to 25% (95% CI 15%-39%) of them. Expedited partner therapy was prescribed significantly more often (42% vs 8%; P < 0.01) when the interruptive pop-up alert BPA was shown compared to not shown. Barriers identified in the interviews included workflow constraints and knowledge of EPT availability. The BPA was viewed positively by the majority of participants. Conclusion: In this pilot EPT program, expedited partner therapy was provided to 25% of ED patients who appeared eligible to receive it. The interruptive pop-up alert BPA significantly increased EPT prescribing. Barriers identified to EPT prescribing should be the subject of future interventions to improve provision of EPT from the emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Ager
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - William Sturdavant
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Zoe Curry
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Fahmida Ahmed
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Melissa DeJonckheere
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Andrew A Gutting
- University of Michigan, Michigan Medicine, Department of Clinical Quality, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Keith E Kocher
- University of Michigan, School of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- University of Michigan, Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Leston J, Wenger H, Reilley B, Craig Rushing S, Rink E, Warren H, Howe J, Bloomquist P, Tah T, Jeffries I, Iralu J, Thorpe P, Apostolou A, Taylor MM. Creating a path forward: understanding the context of sexual health and sexually transmitted infections in American Indian/Alaska Native populations – a review. Sex Health 2022; 19:286-298. [PMID: 35760766 PMCID: PMC11081199 DOI: 10.1071/sh22040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review assessed sexual health and sexually transmitted infection (STI) burden among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) peoples within the context of current clinical and public health services. We conducted a review of published literature about sexual health and bacterial STIs among AI/AN populations in the United States using Medline (OVID), CINAHL (EbscoHost) and Scopus. Peer-reviewed journals published during 1 January 2005-2 December 2021 were included and supplemented by other publicly available literature. A total of 138 articles from reference lists met inclusion criteria, including 85 peer-review articles and 53 additional references. Results indicate a disproportionate burden of STIs is carried by AI/AN populations compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Risk for STIs in AI/AN people has origins in historical trauma and structural and social determinants of health. STI services are available for AI/AN populations, but many barriers to care exist. Community-based sexual health programming has been successful, but has thus far focused primarily on adolescents and young adults. A myriad of factors contributes to high rates of STIs among AI/AN populations. Longstanding disparities show a clear need to increase the availability of integrated, low-barrier STI prevention and treatment services. Implementation of multi-level (individual, physician, clinic, healthcare organisation, and/or community level), culturally relevant sexual health and STI interventions should be community-based and person-centred, acknowledge social determinants of health, and grounded in deep respect and understanding of AI/AN histories and cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Leston
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Brigg Reilley
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | | | - Hannah Warren
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Jean Howe
- Northern Navajo Medical Center, Indian Health Service, Shiprock, NM, USA
| | | | - Tina Tah
- Indian Health Service Headquarters, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Itai Jeffries
- Northwest Portland Area Indian Health Board, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Jonathan Iralu
- Gallup Indian Medical Center, Indian Health Service, Gallup, NM, USA
| | - Phoebe Thorpe
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of STD Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Melanie M. Taylor
- U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Geisler WM, Hocking JS, Darville T, Batteiger BE, Brunham RC. Diagnosis and Management of Uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in Adolescents and Adults: Summary of Evidence Reviewed for the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 74:S112-S126. [PMID: 35416965 PMCID: PMC9006972 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To prepare for the development of the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sexually transmitted infections treatment guidelines, the CDC convened a committee of expert consultants in June 2019 to discuss recent abstracts and published literature on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of sexually transmitted infections.This paper summarizes the key questions, evidence, and recommendations for the diagnosis and management of uncomplicated Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections in adolescents and adults that were reviewed and discussed for consideration in developing the guidelines. The evidence reviewed mostly focused on efficacy of doxycycline and azithromycin for urogenital, rectal, and oropharyngeal CT infection, CT risk factors in women, performance of CT nucleic acid amplification tests on self-collected meatal specimens in men, and performance of newer CT point-of-care tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Geisler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine and Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jane S Hocking
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Byron E Batteiger
- Department of Medicine and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert C Brunham
- Vaccine Research Laboratory, University of British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada
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Overcoming the Challenges of Studying Expedited Partner Therapy in the Real World. Sex Transm Dis 2020; 46:693-696. [PMID: 31299038 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000001047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Improving Women's Health and Combatting Sexually Transmitted Infections Through Expedited Partner Therapy. Obstet Gynecol 2019; 133:416-422. [PMID: 30741802 DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000003088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STI), including Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, have reached record high rates in the United States. Sexually transmitted infections disproportionately affect reproductive-aged females aged 15-44 years, who account for 65% and 42% of the total reported C trachomatis and N gonorrhoeae cases, respectively. Undiagnosed STIs can result in serious health complications that put women at an increased risk for pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, and tubal factor infertility. Many of these women are seen by physicians (eg, obstetrician-gynecologists, family medicine doctors, pediatricians) or other clinicians (eg, nurse practitioners, midwives, physician assistants) who care for women. These clinicians have the opportunity to help curb the continued increase in STI incidence rates with the implementation and use of expedited partner therapy. Expedited partner therapy is a proven effective health care practice that allows clinicians to give patients medications or prescriptions to distribute to their partners. Despite expedited partner therapy's proven effectiveness, there are barriers to its implementation that must be understood to enhance STI treatment and prevention efforts. In this commentary, we discuss these barriers, and appeal to women's health clinicians to implement or increase use of expedited partner therapy for the treatment of women with STIs and their sexual partners.
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Hilbert SM, Reno HEL. Management of Patients with Sexually Transmitted Infections in the Emergency Department. Emerg Med Clin North Am 2018; 36:767-776. [PMID: 30297003 DOI: 10.1016/j.emc.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are very common infections in the United States. Most patients with STIs are evaluated and treated in primary care settings; however, many also present to the Emergency Department (ED) for initial care. Management of STIs in the ED includes appropriate testing and treatment per CDC Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines. Although most patients with STIs are asymptomatic or may only exhibit mild symptoms, serious complications from untreated infection are possible. Pregnant women with STIs are particularly vulnerable to serious complications; therefore, empiric ED treatment combined with close follow-up care and referral to obstetrics are paramount.
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Affiliation(s)
- SueLin M Hilbert
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 S. Euclid Campus Box 8072, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Hilary E L Reno
- Division of Infectious Disease, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 8051, 4523 Clayton Avenue, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Friedman EE, Dean HD, Duffus WA. Incorporation of Social Determinants of Health in the Peer-Reviewed Literature: A Systematic Review of Articles Authored by the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention. Public Health Rep 2018; 133:392-412. [PMID: 29874147 DOI: 10.1177/0033354918774788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Social determinants of health (SDHs) are the complex, structural, and societal factors that are responsible for most health inequities. Since 2003, the National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP) has researched how SDHs place communities at risk for communicable diseases and poor adolescent health. We described the frequency and types of SDHs discussed in articles authored by NCHHSTP. METHODS We used the MEDLINE/PubMed search engine to systematically review the frequency and type of SDHs that appeared in peer-reviewed publications available in PubMed from January 1, 2009, through December 31, 2014, with a NCHHSTP affiliation. We chose search terms to identify articles with a focus on the following SDH categories: income and employment, housing and homelessness, education and schooling, stigma or discrimination, social or community context, health and health care, and neighborhood or built environment. We classified articles based on the depth of topic coverage as "substantial" (ie, one of ≤3 foci of the article) or "minimal" (ie, one of ≥4 foci of the article). RESULTS Of 862 articles authored by NCHHSTP, 366 (42%) addressed the SDH factors of interest. Some articles addressed >1 SDH factor (366 articles appeared 568 times across the 7 categories examined), and we examined them for each category that they addressed. Most articles that addressed SDHs (449/568 articles; 79%) had a minimal SDH focus. SDH categories that were most represented in the literature were health and health care (190/568 articles; 33%) and education and schooling (118/568 articles; 21%). CONCLUSIONS This assessment serves as a baseline measurement of inclusion of SDH topics from NCHHSTP authors in the literature and creates a methodology that can be used in future assessments of this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor E Friedman
- 1 Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health/CDC Public Health Fellowship Program, Atlanta, GA, USA.,2 Office of Health Equity, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.,3 Chicago Center for HIV Elimination and University of Chicago Department of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hazel D Dean
- 4 Office of the Director, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Wayne A Duffus
- 2 Office of Health Equity, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Hopson LM, Opiola McCauley S. Expedited Partner Therapy: A Review for the Pediatric Nurse Practitioner. J Pediatr Health Care 2017; 31:525-535. [PMID: 28202204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The rate of sexually transmitted infections in the United States increased in 2015 for the second year in a row. Adolescents bear an undue portion of this burden because of increased physiologic susceptibility, higher rates of reinfection, and developmental age. Despite expedited partner therapy (EPT) being legalized in 39 states, health care providers still report infrequently providing EPT to their adolescent patients. Patients who benefit most from EPT include those with high-risk sexual behavior, a steady relationship status, higher education level, or an established relationship with the provider. This article will review the barriers to providing EPT and factors associated with patient acceptance or refusal, highlight current legal issues, and discuss the role of the pediatric nurse practitioner addressing specific strategies for implementation in practice. EPT is a valuable tool for the pediatric nurse practitioner to promote treatment and prevent reinfection with sexually transmitted infections.
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A Review of Expedited Partner Therapy for the Management of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2017; 30:341-348. [PMID: 28167140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adolescents are at high risk of acquiring and becoming reinfected with sexually transmitted infections. Partner notification and treatment are essential to preventing the spread of sexually transmitted infections. Expedited partner therapy (EPT) is a method of partner treatment used by medical providers to treat patients' sexual partners without direct medical evaluation or counseling. The objective of this article is to review the current literature regarding EPT effectiveness, patients' attitudes and acceptance of EPT, and providers' views and practices surrounding the use of this method of partner treatment. In this article potential concerns associated with EPT use, current policy statements, and the legal status of EPT are discussed. EPT results in improved or equivalent rates of reinfection in adolescents and adults with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Overall, patients are accepting of this method of partner treatment, however, providers continue to have concerns that limit its routine use. Additional studies in adolescents will help providers better understand if EPT is a useful method to prevent reinfection in this population.
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The Expedited Partner Therapy Continuum: A Conceptual Framework to Guide Programmatic Efforts to Increase Partner Treatment. Sex Transm Dis 2016; 43:S63-75. [PMID: 26771402 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expedited partner therapy (EPT) is a partner treatment strategy wherein health care providers give patients antibiotics or a prescription to deliver to their sex partners as treatment, without an intervening medical evaluation. METHODS We used PubMed and the Cochrane database to systematically identify published articles about EPT after 2006 and randomized controlled trials before that date; we also sought conference abstracts and unpublished data from 2013 to 2014. We described key steps in a hypothetical "EPT continuum," beginning with diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a patient and ending with treatment for the patient's sex partner(s) with EPT. All reports were abstracted for a set of defined measures and related interventions. RESULTS We reviewed 100 published articles, unpublished data reports, and conference abstracts; 42 met the inclusion criteria and provided measures of the following: provider uptake and offer of EPT, patient acceptance and receipt of EPT, patient delivery of EPT to sex partners, and partner receipt of EPT and treatment. Implementation phase, populations, settings, and methodologies varied across reports. Providers' uptake and offer of EPT are rate-limiting steps in the EPT continuum and were the focus of all 5 programmatic interventions we identified. There were 7 population-based measures of patient receipt of EPT; however, several of the patient populations overlapped. CONCLUSIONS A heterogenous body of literature describes EPT, and variation in study population, setting, and metrics limit generalizability. Programs seeking to increase partner treatment should focus their efforts on provider uptake and offer and should use population-based measures to monitor EPT use.
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Predictors of index patient acceptance of expedited partner therapy for Chlamydia trachomatis infection and reasons for refusal, sexually transmitted disease clinics, New York City, 2011 to 2012. Sex Transm Dis 2015; 41:690-4. [PMID: 25299418 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expedited partner therapy (EPT) for Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) reduces repeat Ct infection and was legalized in New York State in 2009. It is a practice in which a Ct-infected index patient delivers medication or a prescription directly to sex partner(s), without those partners receiving medical evaluation. There have been few evaluations of EPT implementation assessing acceptance and uptake among index patients. We measured EPT acceptance among index patients, identified predictors of accepting EPT, and described reasons for declining EPT. METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis using electronic medical records from patients attending New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene STD clinics from July 2011 to October 2012. A multivariable model examined the associations between accepting EPT and patient and clinic-level characteristics. RESULTS Overall, 54.8% (1076/1964) of index patients accepted EPT when offered (55.9% of males and 54.4% of females [P = 0.55]). Predictors of EPT acceptance included having a male provider offer EPT (adjusted odds ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.12-1.83). Index patients who had a partner present at the clinic during the treatment visit were less likely to accept EPT (adjusted odds ratio, 0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.20-0.40). Among 888 patients who refused EPT, common reasons were as follows: "partner in clinic today for treatment" (26.3% [234/888]), "no longer with partner" (25.0% [222/888]), "partner already treated" (20.3% [180/888]), and "prefer medication be delivered by clinician" (19.6% [174/888]). Expedited partner therapy acceptance did not differ by patient age, sex, or race. Excluding persons whose partners were already treated and persons whose partners were in the clinic for treatment, EPT acceptance rates were 69.4%. CONCLUSIONS Expedited partner therapy acceptance rates were high among index patients whose partners were not otherwise treated.
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Taylor M. Treating Sexual Contacts of Gonorrhea and Chlamydia Cases: A Critical Component of STD Control Among AI/AN Populations. THE IHS PRIMARY CARE PROVIDER 2013; 68:68-70. [PMID: 31602173 PMCID: PMC6785741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Taylor
- Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
- Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, Arizona
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