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Watanabe K, Hasunuma R, Horikoshi T, Yamana H, Maruyama H, Fujiwara N, Kumazawa Y, Yano I. Induction of hypersensitivity to endotoxin lethality in mice by treatment with trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate but not with 2,3,6,6′-tetraacyl trehalose 2′-sulfate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519990050011601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism by which priming with trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate (TDM, cord factor) induced hypersensitivity to endotoxin lethality was investigated. C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice primed with TDM succumbed to endotoxin shock, but BALB/c IFN-γ knock-out (IFN-γ —/—) mice showed resistance to LPS lethality. The levels of serum IFN-γ peaked on day 4 after priming with TDM and kept significant levels, indicating that IFN-γ plays a critical role for inducing hypersensitivity to LPS lethality. After challenge with LPS, TDM-primed mice produced higher amounts of serum TNFα and soluble CD14. A sulfolipid (SL, 2,3,6,6′-tetraacyl trehalose 2′-sulfate) did not induce the hypersensitivity and, conversely, suppressed the activity of TDM when administered together. Administration of TDM induced infiltration of mononuclear cells in liver, and apoptosis of cells present in the liver sinus was observed after LPS challenge. These results suggest that the hypersensitivity to LPS lethality is due to overproduction of cytokines and other molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan, Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Hasunuma
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tomoko Horikoshi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hironobu Yamana
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hiroko Maruyama
- Department of Pathology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Nagatoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshio Kumazawa
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan, -u.ac.jp
| | - Ikuya Yano
- Department of Bacteriology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
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Hasunuma R, Morita H, Tanaka S, Ryll R, Freudenberg MA, Galanos C, Kumazawa Y. Differential clearance and induction of host responses by various administered or released lipopolysaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/09680519010070060501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The clearance and activity of different types of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released during infection with Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. When highly purified preparations differing in their specific endotoxin activity were administered intravenously to mice, the clearance of rough (R)-form LPS preparations from Salmonella minnesota and Escherichia coli was much faster than that of a smooth (S)-form LPS preparation from Salmonella abortus equi, but slower than that of lipooligosaccharides (LOS) preparations from Bordetella pertussis and Helicobacter pylori. After intraperitoneal infection with 107and 108CFU E. coli O111:B4, relatively high levels of LPS were detected dose-dependently in the plasma of infected mice and persisted for a long time. In addition, plasma sCD14 levels in infected mice were higher than in LPS-administered mice. These results indicate that continuously higher levels of plasma LPS followed by stronger host responses occur during infection and suggest that these differences between LPS-administered and infected mice should be taken into consideration when analyzing host responses induced by LPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoichi Hasunuma
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | | | - Roland Ryll
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | | | - Chris Galanos
- Max-Planck-Institute for Immunobiology, Freiburg/Breisgau, Germany
| | - Yoshio Kumazawa
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan, -u.ac.jp
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Morita H, Hasunuma R, Kawaguchi K, Adachi Y, Tanaka S, Kumazawa Y. Limitation of Polymyxin B on Suppression of Endotoxin Shock Induced by Salmonella Infection in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2004; 27:1840-3. [PMID: 15516734 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.27.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The protective effects of an antibiotic polymyxin B (PLB), having lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-binding activity, on infection-induced endotoxin shock in mice were investigated. Infection with 10(8) colony forming units of an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium aroA strain caused lethal endotoxin shock to ddY mice. Treatment with PLB 1 h post infection (p.i.) resulted in significant reduction of mortality and bacterial numbers in livers. In addition, treatment with PLB 1 h p.i. resulted in a transient increase at the early stage and gradual decline in plasma LPS levels. Although plasma levels of sCD14 and high mobility group box chromosomal protein-1 (HMGB-1) increased according with progression of infection, increases in plasma levels of sCD14 and HMGB-1 were downregulated by treatment with PLB 1 h p.i. However, the lethal shock was not blocked by treatment with anti-CD14 monoclonal antibody at 3 h and 6 h p.i. Interestingly, administration of PLB 6 h p.i. did not show any protective activities, indicating that a time window for effective PLB action is present.
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Kawaguchi K, Kikuchi S, Hasegawa H, Maruyama H, Morita H, Kumazawa Y. Suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor-release and liver injury in mice by naringin. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 368:245-50. [PMID: 10193661 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00867-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Suppressive effects of naringin on lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF) release followed by liver injury were investigated. Intraperitoneal (i.p.) treatment with naringin prior to an intravenous (i.v.) challenge of lipopolysaccharide significantly reduced serum TNF levels in a dose-dependent manner and was the most effective when administered 60 min prior to lipopolysaccharide challenge. Treatment with naringin 3 h prior to lipopolysaccharide challenge resulted in complete protection from lipopolysaccharide lethality in D-galactosamine-sensitized mice. Histological estimation revealed that massive cell infiltration followed by severe injury developed in the livers of lipopolysaccharide-treated and D-galactosamine-treated mice unless they had been pretreated with naringin. Appearance of apoptotic cells was also found to decrease by treatment with naringin. Increases in serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase, responsible for lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury, blocked by naringin administration and the levels were nearly to the normal level. These results indicate that action of naringin is mediated through suppression of lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF production.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Kawaguchi
- Medicinal Plant Garden, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
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