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Sadek BN, Hendy A, Alhowaymel FM, Abaoud AF, Alenezi A, Hendy A, Ali EA. Are pediatric nurses prepared to respond to monkeypox outbreak? PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300225. [PMID: 38603680 PMCID: PMC11008830 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emphasizing the crucial significance of maintaining a national nursing workforce well-prepared with the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities to respond effectively is the growing frequency of natural and environmental disasters, coupled with public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. So, the study aimed to explore pediatric nurses' preparedness to monkeypox outbreak, and their stress during this outbreak in Egypt. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a 416 nurses direct care for children at selected governmental hospitals in Egypt. Demographic form, Questionnaire for Infectious Disease Outbreak Readiness & Preparedness, factors affecting nurses' preparedness, and the generalized anxiety disorders scale-7 were the tools of the study. RESULTS (81.5%) of studied nurses had unsatisfactory level of preparedness to monkeypox outbreak. (96.4%) and (95.4%) of them were affected their preparedness by high workload and inconsistent income with the of risk of infection factors. Also, (57.2%) of them had high stress level. CONCLUSIONS The study revealed the importance of ensuring adequate supplies of PPE are available and provided, and protocols must be implemented to ensure availability in case of an outbreak. Moreover, nurse staffing levels and workload distribution should be regularly reviewed to create reasonable nurse-patient ratios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bothayna Nader Sadek
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty Nursing Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz Hendy
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty Nursing Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fahad M. Alhowaymel
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz F. Abaoud
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atallah Alenezi
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hendy
- Department of Computational Mathematics and Computer Science, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russian Federation
| | - Eman A. Ali
- Pediatric Nursing Department, Faculty Nursing Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Wasim A, Truong J, Bakshi S, Majid U. A systematic review of fear, stigma, and mental health outcomes of pandemics. J Ment Health 2023; 32:920-934. [PMID: 35791727 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2091754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the mental health of people globally. Despite substantial research on the short-term psychological impact of COVID-19, its long-term consequences on mental health remain relatively unexplored. AIMS We aimed to examine mental health literature on prior outbreaks to provide recommendations for developing effective strategies to mitigate the short- and long-term psychological impact of the current pandemic. METHODS We conducted a narrative review of 41 studies to analyze the adverse impact of the following epidemics and pandemics on the mental health of individuals, groups, and communities: Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Influenza A/H1N1, and Ebola Virus Disease. RESULTS We noted that these past epidemics and pandemics escalated stress, distress, anxiety, fear, and stigma that persisted in countries and communities. We also identified the role of misinformation in propagating discrimination and prejudice towards certain groups. CONCLUSIONS We discuss how the mental health outcomes of previous pandemics differed from the COVID-19 outbreak. We believe that strategies that reduce misinformation, educational initiatives, and mental health programs when introduced at the individual and community level have the potential to effectively diminish the negative psychological impact of COVID-19. PRISMA This study followed the PRISMA guidance and was not registered in PROSPERO. This is a narrative review that used qualitative thematic analysis. Publishing a protocol on a protocol repository for such reviews is not the standard of practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aghna Wasim
- BSc Undergraduate Psychology Program, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judy Truong
- Research & Development, MaRS Discovery District, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simran Bakshi
- BSc Undergraduate Science Program, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Umair Majid
- Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Hanratty J, Keenan C, O'Connor SR, Leonard R, Chi Y, Ferguson J, Axiaq A, Miller S, Bradley D, Dempster M. Psychological and psychosocial determinants of COVID Health Related Behaviours (COHeRe): An evidence and gap map. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2023; 19:e1336. [PMID: 37361553 PMCID: PMC10286725 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has resulted in illness, deaths and societal disruption on a global scale. Societies have implemented various control measures to reduce transmission of the virus and mitigate its impact. Individual behavioural changes are crucial to the successful implementation of these measures. Common recommended measures to limit risk of infection include frequent handwashing, reducing the frequency of social interactions and the use of face coverings. It is important to identify those factors that can predict the uptake and maintenance of these protective behaviours. Objectives We aimed to identify and map the existing evidence (published and unpublished) on psychological and psychosocial factors that determine uptake and adherence to behaviours aimed at reducing the risk of infection or transmission of COVID-19. Search Methods Our extensive search included electronic databases (n = 12), web searches, conference proceedings, government reports, other repositories including both published peer reviewed, pre-prints and grey literature. The search strategy was built around three concepts of interest including (1) context (terms relating to COVID-19), (2) behaviours of interest and (3) terms related to psychological and psychosocial determinants of COVID Health-Related Behaviours and adherence or compliance with recommended behaviours, to capture both malleable and non-malleable determinants (i.e. determinants that could be changed and those that could not). Selection Criteria This Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) includes all types of studies examining determinants of common recommended behaviours aimed at mitigating human-to-human spread of COVID-19. All potential malleable and non-malleable determinants of one or more behaviours are included in the map. As part of the mapping process, categories are used to group determinants. The mapping categories were based on a previous rapid review by Hanratty 2021. These include: 'behaviour', 'cognition', 'demographics', 'disease', 'emotions', 'health status', 'information', 'intervention', and 'knowledge'. Those not suitable for categorisation in any of these groups are included in the map as 'other' determinants. Data Collection and Analysis Results were imported to a bibliographic reference manager where duplications of identical studies gathered from multiple sources were removed. Data extraction procedures were managed in EPPI-Reviewer software. Information on study type, population, behaviours measured and determinants measured were extracted. We appraised the methodological quality of systematic reviews with AMSTAR-2. We did not appraise the quality of primary studies in this map. Main Results As of 1 June 2022 the EGM includes 1034 records reporting on 860 cross-sectional, 68 longitudinal, 78 qualitative, 25 reviews, 62 interventional, and 39 other studies (e.g., mixed-methods approaches). The map includes studies that measured social distancing (n = 487), masks and face coverings (n = 382), handwashing (n = 308), physical distancing (n = 177), isolation/quarantine (n = 157), respiratory hygiene/etiquette (n = 75), cleaning surfaces (n = 59), and avoiding touching the T-zone (n = 48). There were 333 studies that assessed composite measures of two or more behaviours. The largest cluster of determinants was 'demographics' (n = 730 studies), followed by 'cognition' (n = 496 studies) and determinants categorised as 'other' (n = 447). These included factors such as 'beliefs', 'culture' and 'access to resources'. Less evidence is available for some determinants such as 'interventions' (n = 99 studies), 'information' (n = 101 studies), and 'behaviour' (149 studies). Authors' Conclusions This EGM provides a valuable resource for researchers, policy-makers and the public to access the available evidence on the determinants of various COVID-19 health-related behaviours. The map can also be used to help guide research commissioning, by evidence synthesis teams and evidence intermediaries to inform policy during the ongoing pandemic and potential future outbreaks of COVID-19 or other respiratory infections. Evidence included in the map will be explored further through a series of systematic reviews examining the strength of the associations between malleable determinants and the uptake and maintenance of individual protective behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Hanratty
- School of PsychologyQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
- Centre for Effective ServicesBelfastUK
| | | | | | | | - Yuan Chi
- Cochrane Global AgeingShanghaiChina
| | - Janet Ferguson
- School of PsychologyQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
- Applied Behaviour Research ClinicUniversity of GalwayGalwayIreland
| | - Ariana Axiaq
- School of PsychologyQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
| | - Sarah Miller
- School of Education, Social Sciences and Social WorkQueen's University BelfastBelfastUK
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Ibrahim PK, Abdulrahman DS, Ali HM, Haji RM, Ahmed SK, Ahmed NA, Abdulqadir SO, Karim SA, Mohammed Amin Kamali AS. The 2022 monkeypox outbreak — Special attention to nurses' protection should be a top priority. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022; 82:104615. [PMID: 36124215 PMCID: PMC9482123 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Alqahtani JS, Aldhahir AM, AlRabeeah SM, Alsenani LB, Alsharif HM, Alshehri AY, Alenazi MM, Alnasser M, Alqahtani AS, AlDraiwiesh IA, Alghamdi SM, Siraj RA, Alqahtani HS, Sreedharan JK, Alqahtani AS, Alzahrani EM. Future Acceptability of Respiratory Virus Infection Control Interventions in General Population to Prevent Respiratory Infections. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58070838. [PMID: 35888557 PMCID: PMC9318605 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58070838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In both pandemic and non-pandemic situations, nonpharmaceutical public health measures may offer easy, low-cost, and effective means of reducing the spread and impact of acute respiratory infections. It is unknown whether such measures would be acceptable to the Saudi community beyond the current pandemic. Materials and Methods: A validated survey was used to test community acceptance of the measures. Respondents were asked which infection control practices they planned to maintain and which they believed should be policies for the community as a whole after the COVID-19 pandemic has subsided. Results: The survey was completed by 2057 people (95% completion rate), 1486 (72%) of whom were female, 259 (12.5%) of whom were current smokers, and 72 (3.5%) of whom had chronic lung disease. The most prevalent age groups were 18−30 years (933; 45.4%) and 31−40 years (483; 23.5%), with 641 individuals over 40 years old. Of the responses, 93% indicated that they would continue washing their hands more often; 92% wanted both clinicians and patients to wear masks in hospitals; 86% would continue avoiding smoking in indoor and outdoor areas; 73% would continue wearing a face covering on public transportation; 70% indicated that they would continue wearing a face covering in indoor public places. Regarding the respiratory virus infection control measures, 85% (11/13) received significant support (≥70% acceptability level) for continuation as policies in the future. Wearing face coverings outdoors and social distancing outdoors received little support (45% and 66%, respectively). Of the respiratory virus infection control measures, 54% received less support from current smokers than non-smokers (acceptability level < 70%). People with chronic respiratory disease supported 77% of the measures being regarded as policies in the future. Conclusion: The Saudi community supports nonpharmacological respiratory infection control measures that reduce the likelihood of infection. Public health campaigns should target smokers to increase awareness of the importance of these measures in lowering infections. Based on the findings of this study, nonpharmacological treatments should be presented and included in future recommendations for both the public and patients diagnosed with chronic respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaber S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Abdulelah M. Aldhahir
- Respiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Saad M. AlRabeeah
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
- Correspondence: (J.S.A.); (S.M.A.)
| | - Lujain B. Alsenani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Haifa M. Alsharif
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Amani Y. Alshehri
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Mayadah M. Alenazi
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Musallam Alnasser
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ibrahim A. AlDraiwiesh
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Saeed M. Alghamdi
- Clinical Technology Department, Respiratory Care Program, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21961, Saudi Arabia;
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW7 2BX, UK
| | - Rayan A. Siraj
- Respiratory Therapy Department, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hussain S. Alqahtani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Jithin K. Sreedharan
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Abdullah S. Alqahtani
- Department of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia; (L.B.A.); (H.M.A.); (A.Y.A.); (M.M.A.); (M.A.); (A.S.A.); (I.A.A.); (J.K.S.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Eidan M. Alzahrani
- Physical Therapy Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi Arabia;
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Chia JMX, Goh ZZS, Chua ZY, Ng KYY, Ishak D, Fung SM, Ngeow JYY, Griva K. Managing cancer in context of pandemic: a qualitative study to explore the emotional and behavioural responses of patients with cancer and their caregivers to COVID-19. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e041070. [PMID: 33518518 PMCID: PMC7852065 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Having to access life-sustaining treatment during the emerging COVID-19 outbreak has placed patients with cancer at an especially vulnerable position notwithstanding their immunocompromised condition. The present study aimed to elucidate cancer patients' and their caregivers' experiences during this outbreak. DESIGN Face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted. SETTING A tertiary cancer care facility. PARTICIPANTS 16 patients with cancer and 14 caregivers. Inclusions criteria were: (A) diagnosed with cancer, (B) receiving active treatment or follow-ups, (C) aged 21 years and above and (D) fluent in English or Mandarin. RESULTS Thematic analysis was conducted. Five themes were identified: heightened sense of threat, impact on healthcare experience, responsibility falls on oneself, striving for normalcy and sense of safety and trust. Heightened threat of COVID-19 was more pronounced in patients and linked to vulnerability and fear, uncertainty and actions of socially irresponsible others. Dominant in their healthcare experience was prioritising cancer and treatment amidst heightened threat and anticipatory worry about treatment disruptions. Both noted on the importance of taking responsibility for one's health, with caregivers reporting a reinforced sense of duty towards patients. They strived to maintain normalcy by viewing COVID-19 as beyond personal control, downplaying and living life as usual. Their resolve was supported by a sense of safety from the actions of authorities, hospitals and trust towards healthcare providers. CONCLUSIONS Cancer intensifies threat and the emotional impact of COVID-19 and may trigger specific concerns related to treatment. Psychoeducation interventions led by healthcare providers over digital platforms could help address cancer-specific concerns and support patients and caregivers during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jace Ming Xuan Chia
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zack Zhong Sheng Goh
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zi Yang Chua
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kennedy Yao Yi Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Diana Ishak
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Si Ming Fung
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joanne Yuen Yie Ngeow
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
- Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore
| | - Konstadina Griva
- Centre for Population Health Sciences, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, Singapore
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Zhao CH, Wu HT, Che HB, Song YN, Zhao YZ, Li KY, Xiao HJ, Zhai YZ, Liu X, Lu HX, Li TS. Prediction of fatal adverse prognosis in patients with fever-related diseases based on machine learning: A retrospective study. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:583-589. [PMID: 32044816 PMCID: PMC7065855 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fever is the most common chief complaint of emergency patients. Early identification of patients at an increasing risk of death may avert adverse outcomes. The aim of this study was to establish an early prediction model of fatal adverse prognosis of fever patients by extracting key indicators using big data technology. Methods A retrospective study of patients’ data was conducted using the Emergency Rescue Database of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. Patients were divided into the fatal adverse prognosis group and the good prognosis group. The commonly used clinical indicators were compared. Recursive feature elimination (RFE) method was used to determine the optimal number of the included variables. In the training model, logistic regression, random forest, adaboost and bagging were selected. We also collected the emergency room data from December 2018 to December 2019 with the same inclusion and exclusion criterion. The performance of the model was evaluated by accuracy, F1-score, precision, sensitivity and the areas under receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC-AUC). Results The accuracy of logistic regression, decision tree, adaboost and bagging was 0.951, 0.928, 0.924, and 0.924, F1-scores were 0.938, 0.933, 0.930, and 0.930, the precision was 0.943, 0.938, 0.937, and 0.937, ROC-AUC were 0.808, 0.738, 0.736, and 0.885, respectively. ROC-AUC of ten-fold cross-validation in logistic and bagging models were 0.80 and 0.87, respectively. The top six coefficients and odds ratio (OR) values of the variables in the Logistic regression were cardiac troponin T (CTnT) (coefficient=0.346, OR = 1.413), temperature (T) (coefficient=0.235, OR = 1.265), respiratory rate (RR) (coefficient= –0.206,OR = 0.814), serum kalium (K) (coefficient=0.137, OR = 1.146), pulse oxygen saturation (SPO2) (coefficient= –0.101, OR = 0.904), and albumin (ALB) (coefficient= –0.043, OR = 0.958). The weights of the top six variables in the bagging model were: CTnT, RR, lactate dehydrogenase, serum amylase, heartrate, and systolic blood pressure. Conclusions The main clinical indicators of concern included CTnT, RR, SPO2, T, ALB and K. The bagging model and logistic regression model had better diagnostic performance comprehesively. Those may be conducive to the early identification of critical patients with fever by physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Hong Zhao
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hui-Tao Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Medical Big Data Application Technology, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - He-Bin Che
- National Engineering Laboratory for Medical Big Data Application Technology, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Ya-Nan Song
- National Engineering Laboratory for Medical Big Data Application Technology, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yu-Zhuo Zhao
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Kai-Yuan Li
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hong-Ju Xiao
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yong-Zhi Zhai
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Hong-Xi Lu
- Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Tan-Shi Li
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China.,Department of Emergency, The First Medical Center to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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Lam SKK, Kwong EWY, Hung MSY, Pang SMC, Chiang VCL. Nurses' preparedness for infectious disease outbreaks: A literature review and narrative synthesis of qualitative evidence. J Clin Nurs 2018; 27:e1244-e1255. [PMID: 29193397 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore the core components that constitute nurses' preparedness in an epidemic event. BACKGROUND Healthcare service providers have worked to augment efforts to protect the public from the impact of epidemic events. While constituting the major healthcare taskforce, nurses are frequently tasked with fronting the response to an infectious disease outbreak. Given the crucial role of nurses in the management of prevailing epidemics, the constituents of their preparedness in epidemic events should be identified. DESIGN A systematic search was undertaken to identify eligible studies from the literature. A narrative synthesis approach was employed to extract and synthesise findings of the reviewed qualitative studies. METHODS Seven qualitative studies on nurses' experience and perceptions of epidemic events were examined for scientific quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Qualitative Checklist. Findings of these studies were synthesised adopting a narrative synthesis approach. RESULTS Three interplaying themes were identified as follows: (i) personal resources, (ii) workplace resources and (iii) situational influences. The findings suggest that an effective epidemic outbreak response would require further effort to reinforce the interplay between individual nurses, healthcare institutions and the governments. CONCLUSIONS The practical interplay among individual nurses, healthcare institutions and the governments is crucial in establishing an effective epidemic response. Further research on the understanding of the dynamic process of preparedness development is recommended to set future directions in research. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study offers important insights for devising future strategies in enhancing nurses' preparedness and response to an epidemic event. These include recommendations on providing education and training to nurses regarding infectious diseases, fostering institutional assistance and support in an outbreak and revising government policies and planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley K K Lam
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Enid W Y Kwong
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | | | - Samantha M C Pang
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Vico C L Chiang
- School of Nursing, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Teasdale E, Santer M, Geraghty AWA, Little P, Yardley L. Public perceptions of non-pharmaceutical interventions for reducing transmission of respiratory infection: systematic review and synthesis of qualitative studies. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:589. [PMID: 24920395 PMCID: PMC4063987 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-pharmaceutical public health interventions may provide simple, low-cost, effective ways of minimising the transmission and impact of acute respiratory infections in pandemic and non-pandemic contexts. Understanding what influences the uptake of non-pharmaceutical interventions such as hand and respiratory hygiene, mask wearing and social distancing could help to inform the development of effective public health advice messages. The aim of this synthesis was to explore public perceptions of non-pharmaceutical interventions that aim to reduce the transmission of acute respiratory infections. Methods Five online databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, EMBASE and Web of Science) were systematically searched. Reference lists of articles were also examined. We selected papers that used a qualitative research design to explore perceptions and beliefs about non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce transmission of acute respiratory infections. We excluded papers that only explored how health professionals or children viewed non-pharmaceutical respiratory infection control. Three authors performed data extraction and assessment of study quality. Thematic analysis and components of meta-ethnography were adopted to synthesise findings. Results Seventeen articles from 16 studies in 9 countries were identified and reviewed. Seven key themes were identified: perceived benefits of non-pharmaceutical interventions, perceived disadvantages of non-pharmaceutical interventions, personal and cultural beliefs about infection transmission, diagnostic uncertainty in emerging respiratory infections, perceived vulnerability to infection, anxiety about emerging respiratory infections and communications about emerging respiratory infections. The synthesis showed that some aspects of non-pharmaceutical respiratory infection control (particularly hand and respiratory hygiene) were viewed as familiar and socially responsible actions to take. There was ambivalence about adopting isolation and personal distancing behaviours in some contexts due to their perceived adverse impact and potential to attract social stigma. Common perceived barriers included beliefs about infection transmission, personal vulnerability to respiratory infection and concerns about self-diagnosis in emerging respiratory infections. Conclusions People actively evaluate non-pharmaceutical interventions in terms of their perceived necessity, efficacy, acceptability, and feasibility. To enhance uptake, it will be necessary to address key barriers, such as beliefs about infection transmission, rejection of personal risk of infection and concern about the potential costs and stigma associated with some interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Teasdale
- Primary Care and Population Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
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Wu P, Cowling BJ, Wu JT, Lau EHY, Ip DKM, Nishiura H. The epidemiological and public health research response to 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1): experiences from Hong Kong. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2012; 7:367-82. [PMID: 22883352 PMCID: PMC3705741 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2012.00420.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Hong Kong has invested in research infrastructure to appropriately respond to novel infectious disease epidemics. Research from Hong Kong made a strong contribution to the international response to the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic (pH1N1). Summarizing, describing, and reviewing Hong Kong’s response to the 2009 pandemic, this article aimed to identify key elements of a real‐time research response. A systematic search in PubMed and EMBASE for research into the infection dynamics and natural history, impact, or control of pH1N1 in Hong Kong. Eligible articles were analyzed according to their scope. Fifty‐five articles were included in the review. Transmissibility of pH1N1 was similar in Hong Kong to elsewhere, and only a small fraction of infections were associated with severe disease. School closures were effective in reducing pH1N1 transmission, oseltamivir was effective for treatment of severe cases while convalescent plasma therapy has the potential to mitigate future pandemics. There was a rapid and comprehensive research response to pH1N1 in Hong Kong, providing important information on the epidemiology of the novel virus with relevance internationally as well as locally. The scientific knowledge gained through these detailed studies of pH1N1 is now being used to revise and update pandemic plans. The experiences of the research response in Hong Kong could provide a template for the research response to future emerging and reemerging disease epidemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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