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Woods-Giscombe CL, Williams KP, Conklin J, Dodd A, Bravo L, Anderson AM, Frazier T, Bey G, Robinson MN, Warren BJ, Wight KD, Felix AS, Anderson CM, Hood DB. A scoping review of the concept of resilience among African American women. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 46:107-120. [PMID: 37813493 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Resilience, thriving in the face of adversity, is a critical component of well-being in African American women. However, traditional definitions and approaches to operationalize resilience may not capture race- and gender-related resilience experiences of African American women. A more complete conceptualization of resilience may help facilitate future investigation of the mechanisms through which resilience influences health in this group. Our team conducted a scoping review of the literature published during twenty years, between 2000 and 2019, on resilience and health in African American women. We included a multidisciplinary set of databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Social Work Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, Academic Search Premier). Using Covidence software a multi-step review process was conducted; 904 abstracts were initially screened for eligibility, 219 full-text studies were screened in stage two, and 22 remaining studies were reviewed for extraction. The studies reviewed revealed limitations of unidimensional approaches to conceptualizing/operationalizing resilience in African American women. The review highlighted culturally-relevant components of resilience including spirituality/religion, strength, survival, active coping, and social support. Findings highlight the importance of operationalizing resilience as a multidimensional construct so it can be optimally included in research designed to investigate the quality of life, cardiovascular risk, and other health outcomes in African American women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jamie Conklin
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Adam Dodd
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Lilian Bravo
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | | | - Taleah Frazier
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
| | - Ganga Bey
- The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States of America
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2
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Garrett SB, Simon MA. The Social Contexts of Birthing People with Public- and Private-Payer Prenatal Care: Illuminating an Understudied Aspect of the Patient Experience. Health Equity 2022; 6:898-908. [PMID: 36636111 PMCID: PMC9811847 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2021.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In pursuit of more equitable and person-centered health care, patients and professional medical societies increasingly call for better clinician understanding of patients' perspectives and social contexts. A foundational but understudied aspect of patients' social contexts are the ideas they encounter about health-related behaviors. We investigated this aspect of the social contexts of birthing people, comparing those with public versus private insurance to discover setting-specific insights. Methods Based on ethnographic fieldwork, we created an original survey featuring 29 statements about 12 prenatal, perinatal, and postpartum health behaviors (e.g., drinking alcohol, epidural use, breastfeeding). Participants were 248 individuals receiving prenatal care in Northern California in 2009-2011, split evenly between public- and private-payer coverage. Participants reported whether they were familiar or unfamiliar with each statement. Results Ninety-eight percent of all participants had heard contradictory ideas about ≥1 health behavior (mean=3.9 behaviors for public- and 5.4 for private-coverage respondents). For 20 of the 29 behavior-related ideas, exposure varied significantly by coverage type. Among other differences, public-coverage respondents were much more familiar with ideas related to risk and constrained autonomy (e.g., that serious perinatal complications are common; that new mothers should try to breastfeed even if they do not want to). Conclusions Birthing people are exposed to a wide range of ideas about health behaviors, many of which vary by the structural systems in which they are embedded. Understanding and engaging this complexity can help clinicians to provide more respectful, person-centered, and equitable maternity care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B. Garrett
- Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.,*Address correspondence to: Sarah B. Garrett, PhD, Philip R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, 490 Illinois Street, Floor 7, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA,
| | - Melissa A. Simon
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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3
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Fleming V, Frank F, Meyer Y, Pehlke-Milde J, Zsindely P, Thorn-Cole H, de Labrusse C. Giving birth: A hermeneutic study of the expectations and experiences of healthy primigravid women in Switzerland. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0261902. [PMID: 35120125 PMCID: PMC8815900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Switzerland experiences one of the highest caesarean section rates in Europe but it is unclear why and when the decision is made to perform a caesarean section. Many studies have examined from a medical and physiological point of view, but research from a women’s standpoint is lacking. Our aim was to develop a model of the emerging expectations of giving birth and the subsequent experiences of healthy primigravid women, across four cantons in Switzerland. This longitudinal study included 30 primigravidae from the German speaking, 14 from the French speaking and 14 from the Italian speaking cantons who were purposively selected. Data were collected by semi-structured interviews taking place around 22 and 36 weeks of pregnancy and six weeks and six months postnatally. Following Gadamer’s hermeneutic, which in this study comprised 5 stages, a model was developed. Four major themes emerged: Decisions, Care, Influences and Emotions. Their meandering paths and evolution demonstrate the complexity of the expectations and experiences of women becoming mothers. In this study, women’s narrated mode of birth expectations did not foretell how they gave birth and their lived experiences. A hermeneutic discontinuity arises at the 6 week postnatal interview mark. This temporary gap illustrates the bridge between women’s expectations of birth and their actual lived experiences, highlighting the importance of informed consent, parent education and ensuring women have a positive birth and immediate postnatal experiences. Other factors than women’s preferences should be considered to explain the increasing caesarean section rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Fleming
- Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Franziska Frank
- School of Sociology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Yvonne Meyer
- School of Midwifery, University of Health Sciences of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Pehlke-Milde
- Research Unit for Midwifery Science, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Piroska Zsindely
- Research Unit for Midwifery Science, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Harriet Thorn-Cole
- School of Midwifery, University of Health Sciences of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire de Labrusse
- School of Midwifery, University of Health Sciences of Western Switzerland, Lausanne, Switzerland
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4
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Ponting C, Urizar GG, Dunkel Schetter C. Psychological Interventions for Prenatal Anxiety in Latinas and Black Women: A Scoping Review and Recommendations. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:820343. [PMID: 35370831 PMCID: PMC8965279 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.820343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety symptoms are common among pregnant women worldwide. In the United States, prenatal anxiety symptoms tend to be elevated among Black and Latin American women as compared to non-Latina White women. Despite the high prevalence of anxiety and associations with adverse maternal and offspring outcomes, interventions have not been developed or tailored sufficiently to Black women or Latinas who need efficacious treatment. This article provides a scoping review of articles published since 2017 that test the effects of randomized and non-randomized psychological interventions designed to reduce prenatal anxiety in samples comprised primarily of ethnic/racial minority women. We also review published protocols of planned psychological interventions to reduce prenatal anxiety in order to highlight novel approaches. In addition to summarizing intervention efficacy and participant acceptability, we highlight gaps in the literature which, if addressed, could improve perinatal mental health equity. Finally, we discuss future directions in prenatal anxiety intervention science beginning preconception including intervention design and prevention models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn Ponting
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Guido G Urizar
- Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, United States
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5
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Stanhope KK, Comeau DL, Ulloa M, Leon JS, Suglia SF, Hogue CJR, Kramer MR. Perceptions of stress and resilience among Latina women enrolled in prenatal care in Metro Atlanta through an ecosocial lens. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:e348-e358. [PMID: 33756040 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Stress across the life course is highly prevalent, particularly among immigrant and racial/ethnic minority women who face adversities associated with structural and interpersonal racism. Understanding how women perceive and describe stress and resilience can provide cultural context to inform interventions to improve health among pregnant women facing adversity. The goal of this project was to examine how external stressors and coping strategies prior to and during pregnancy are reflected in Latina women's narratives about their lives through an Ecosocial framework. This mixed methods research study explores pregnant Latina women's psychosocial well-being before and during pregnancy based on Ecosocial theory. We conducted 111 surveys with Latina women receiving prenatal care in Atlanta, Georgia in 2017-2018. We conducted 24 in-depth interviews, chosen purposively from survey respondents, collecting narratives of stress and resilience over the course of pregnancy. We purposively sampled equal numbers of women who did and did not report an ongoing stressor in the survey. The survey and interview guide were focused on domains of stress, psychosocial being, coping and resilience. The majority of survey participants spoke Spanish (86%) and were born in Mexico (42%) or Guatemala (27%). Less than half (37%) reported ongoing stress, most commonly from a loved one's illness or work-related problem. The majority of women felt they should control emotional responses to external stressors during pregnancy to protect their baby's health. Women described motherhood and previous challenges as sources of maturity and improved coping. Familial financial and emotional support were perceived as critical to women's successful coping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn K Stanhope
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dawn L Comeau
- Department of Behavior Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Monica Ulloa
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Juan S Leon
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shakira F Suglia
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carol J R Hogue
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michael R Kramer
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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6
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Moore JE, McLemore MR, Glenn N, Zivin K. Policy Opportunities To Improve Prevention, Diagnosis, And Treatment Of Perinatal Mental Health Conditions. Health Aff (Millwood) 2021; 40:1534-1542. [PMID: 34606359 DOI: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
One in five pregnant or postpartum people has a diagnosed mood or anxiety disorder, which are the most common mental health illnesses that occur during the perinatal period. Untreated perinatal mental health conditions, encompassing pregnancy and the first five years of a child's life, carry a societal burden of $14 billion per year in the US. This overview article describes the prevalence of perinatal mental health conditions; the implications of those conditions; and associated barriers to screening, treatment, and bias associated with mental health conditions. We offer six policy opportunities designed to overcome the barriers and support overall sexual and reproductive health: extending Medicaid coverage through twelve months postpartum; redesigning care and reimbursement through co-location of services; establishing coverage for home visiting and peer support programs; enhancing telehealth policies that support access and coverage beyond the COVID-19 pandemic; enhancing data, research, and accountability; and enacting social and economic policies that support families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Moore
- Jennifer E. Moore is the founding executive director of the Institute for Medicaid Innovation, in Washington, D.C., and a research professor in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, in Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Monica R McLemore
- Monica R. McLemore is an associate professor in the Department of Family Health Care Nursing, University of California San Francisco, in San Francisco, California
| | - Nadia Glenn
- Nadia Glenn is the deputy executive director of the Institute for Medicaid Innovation
| | - Kara Zivin
- Kara Zivin is a professor in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, a research career scientist at the Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System, and a senior health researcher at Mathematica, all in Ann Arbor, Michigan
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7
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Reno R, Burch J, Stookey J, Jackson R, Joudeh L, Guendelman S. Preterm birth and social support services for prenatal depression and social determinants. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255810. [PMID: 34388192 PMCID: PMC8362957 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB; <37 weeks gestation), is a leading cause of infant mortality and morbidity. Among those born preterm, risk increases as gestational age at birth decreases. Psychosocial factors such as depression symptoms and social determinants of health (SDH) may increase risk for PTB. Research is needed to understand these risk factors and identify effective interventions. This retrospective cohort study recruited English- and Spanish-speaking women presenting symptoms of preterm labor or admitted for PTB from an urban county hospital in the San Francisco Bay Area (n = 47). We used an iterative analytic approach by which qualitative data informed an exploratory quantitative analysis. Key exposures were presence of self-reported depression symptoms during pregnancy, SDH along eight domains, and receipt of behavioral health services. The outcome was gestational age at birth. T-tests, Wilcoxon rank sum tests, and linear regression models were used to test associations between the exposures and gestational age. Most participants were Black (25.5%) or Latina (59.6%). After adjusting for covariates, participants with depression symptoms had an average gestational age 3.1 weeks shorter (95% CI: -5.02, -1.20) than women reporting no symptoms. After adjusting for covariates, high number of adverse social determinants (≥ 4) suggested an association with shorter gestational age (p = 0.07, 1.65 weeks, 95% CI: -3.44, 0.14). Receipt of behavioral health services was associated with a significantly later gestational age; the median difference was 5.5 weeks longer for depression symptoms, 3.5 weeks longer for high social determinants, and 6 weeks longer for depression symptoms and high social determinants. Among a cohort of high-risk pregnant women, both depression symptoms during pregnancy and co-occurring with exposure to high adverse SDH are associated with shorter gestational age at birth, after controlling for psychosocial factors. Receipt of behavioral health services may be an effective intervention to address disparities in PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Reno
- Center of Excellence in Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Johanna Burch
- Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jodi Stookey
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Jackson
- Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Layla Joudeh
- Dept. of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Sylvia Guendelman
- Center of Excellence in Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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8
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Logan RG, Daley EM, Vamos CA, Louis-Jacques A, Marhefka SL. "When Is Health Care Actually Going to Be Care?" The Lived Experience of Family Planning Care Among Young Black Women. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2021; 31:1169-1182. [PMID: 33622078 PMCID: PMC8114454 DOI: 10.1177/1049732321993094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
While family planning care (FPC) visits may serve as opportunities to address gaps in knowledge and access to limited resources, young Black women may also face structural barriers (i.e., racism, discrimination, bias) to engaging in care due to the intersections of racial identity, age, and socioeconomic status. Findings from interviews with 22 Black women, ages 18 to 29 years, about the lived experience of FPC highlighted dynamic patient-provider encounters. Women's narratives uncovered the following essences: silence around sex impedes engagement in care, patient-provider racial concordance as protection from harm, providers as a source of discouragement and misinformation, frustration as a normative experience, decision making excludes discussion and deliberation, medical mistrust is pervasive and a part of Black consciousness, and meaningful and empathic patient-provider encounters are elusive. Health systems should prioritize developing and enhancing young Black women's relationship with FPC providers to help mitigate persistent inequities that perpetuate disadvantage among this population.
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9
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Gur RE, White LK, Waller R, Barzilay R, Moore TM, Kornfield S, Njoroge WF, Duncan AF, Chaiyachati BH, Parish-Morris J, Maayan L, Himes MM, Laney N, Simonette K, Riis V, Elovitz MA. The Disproportionate Burden of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Pregnant Black Women. Psychiatry Res 2020; 293:113475. [PMID: 33007683 PMCID: PMC7513921 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted the well-being of vulnerable populations in the US, including Black people. The impact on pregnant women is of special concern for the intrauterine and post-natal development of their offspring. We evaluated in an online survey a sample of 913 pregnant women, 216 Black, 571 White, 126 Other, during a 2-week stay-at-home mandate in the Philadelphia region. We applied logistic regression models and analysis of covariance to examine general and pregnancy-specific worries and negative consequences arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and resilience. Black pregnant women reported greater likelihood of having their employment negatively impacted, more concerns about a lasting economic burden, and more worries about their prenatal care, birth experience, and post-natal needs. In the full sample, 11.1% of women met screening criteria for anxiety and 9.9% met criteria for depression. Black women were more likely to meet criteria for depression than White women, but this difference was not significant accounting for covariates. Resilience factors including self-reliance and emotion regulation were higher in Black women. Racial disparities related to COVID-19 in pregnant women can advance the understanding of pregnancy related stressors and improve early identification of mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel E. Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Corresponding author
| | - Lauren K. White
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca Waller
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ran Barzilay
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tyler M. Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sara Kornfield
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Wanjiku F.M. Njoroge
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Policy Lab, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Andrea F. Duncan
- Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Barbara H. Chaiyachati
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Julia Parish-Morris
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Center for Autism Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lawrence Maayan
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Megan M Himes
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Nina Laney
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA,Lifespan Brain Institute, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Keri Simonette
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Valerie Riis
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michal A. Elovitz
- Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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10
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McLemore MR, Berkowitz RL, Oltman SP, Baer RJ, Franck L, Fuchs J, Karasek DA, Kuppermann M, McKenzie-Sampson S, Melbourne D, Taylor B, Williams S, Rand L, Chambers BD, Scott K, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL. Risk and Protective Factors for Preterm Birth Among Black Women in Oakland, California. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2020; 8:1273-1280. [PMID: 33034878 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This project examines risk and protective factors for preterm birth (PTB) among Black women in Oakland, California. Women with singleton births in 2011-2017 (n = 6199) were included. Risk and protective factors for PTB and independent risk groups were identified using logistic regression and recursive partitioning. Having less than 3 prenatal care visits was associated with highest PTB risk. Hypertension (preexisting, gestational), previous PTB, and unknown Women, Infant, Children (WIC) program participation were associated with a two-fold increased risk for PTB. Maternal birth outside of the USA and participation in WIC were protective. Broad differences in rates, risks, and protective factors for PTB were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica R McLemore
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, UCSF School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, N431H, San Francisco, CA, 94134, USA.
| | - Rachel L Berkowitz
- School of Public Health, UC Berkeley, 2121 Berkeley Way, #5302, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| | - Scott P Oltman
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Baer
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSD, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Linda Franck
- Department of Family Health Care Nursing, UCSF School of Nursing, 2 Koret Way, N431H, San Francisco, CA, 94134, USA
| | - Jonathan Fuchs
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, 101 Grove Street, San Francisco, 94102, USA
| | - Deborah A Karasek
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Miriam Kuppermann
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Safyer McKenzie-Sampson
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Daphina Melbourne
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, 101 Grove Street, San Francisco, 94102, USA
| | - Briane Taylor
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, 101 Grove Street, San Francisco, 94102, USA
| | - Shanell Williams
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, 101 Grove Street, San Francisco, 94102, USA
| | - Larry Rand
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, 101 Grove Street, San Francisco, 94102, USA
| | - Brittany D Chambers
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, 101 Grove Street, San Francisco, 94102, USA
| | - Karen Scott
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski
- California Preterm Birth Initiative, UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
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