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Benda N, Woode S, Niño de Rivera S, Kalish RB, Riley LE, Hermann A, Masterson Creber R, Costa Pimentel E, Ancker JS. Understanding Symptom Self-Monitoring Needs Among Postpartum Black Patients: Qualitative Interview Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e47484. [PMID: 38669066 PMCID: PMC11087860 DOI: 10.2196/47484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy-related death is on the rise in the United States, and there are significant disparities in outcomes for Black patients. Most solutions that address pregnancy-related death are hospital based, which rely on patients recognizing symptoms and seeking care from a health system, an area where many Black patients have reported experiencing bias. There is a need for patient-centered solutions that support and encourage postpartum people to seek care for severe symptoms. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine the design needs for a mobile health (mHealth) patient-reported outcomes and decision-support system to assist Black patients in assessing when to seek medical care for severe postpartum symptoms. These findings may also support different perinatal populations and minoritized groups in other clinical settings. METHODS We conducted semistructured interviews with 36 participants-15 (42%) obstetric health professionals, 10 (28%) mental health professionals, and 11 (31%) postpartum Black patients. The interview questions included the following: current practices for symptom monitoring, barriers to and facilitators of effective monitoring, and design requirements for an mHealth system that supports monitoring for severe symptoms. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed. We analyzed transcripts using directed content analysis and the constant comparative process. We adopted a thematic analysis approach, eliciting themes deductively using conceptual frameworks from health behavior and human information processing, while also allowing new themes to inductively arise from the data. Our team involved multiple coders to promote reliability through a consensus process. RESULTS Our findings revealed considerations related to relevant symptom inputs for postpartum support, the drivers that may affect symptom processing, and the design needs for symptom self-monitoring and patient decision-support interventions. First, participants viewed both somatic and psychological symptom inputs as important to capture. Second, self-perception; previous experience; sociocultural, financial, environmental, and health systems-level factors were all perceived to impact how patients processed, made decisions about, and acted upon their symptoms. Third, participants provided recommendations for system design that involved allowing for user control and freedom. They also stressed the importance of careful wording of decision-support messages, such that messages that recommend them to seek care convey urgency but do not provoke anxiety. Alternatively, messages that recommend they may not need care should make the patient feel heard and reassured. CONCLUSIONS Future solutions for postpartum symptom monitoring should include both somatic and psychological symptoms, which may require combining existing measures to elicit symptoms in a nuanced manner. Solutions should allow for varied, safe interactions to suit individual needs. While mHealth or other apps may not be able to address all the social or financial needs of a person, they may at least provide information, so that patients can easily access other supportive resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Benda
- School of Nursing, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sydney Woode
- Department of Radiology, Early Lung and Cardiac Action Program, The Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Robin B Kalish
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Laura E Riley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alison Hermann
- Department of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Eric Costa Pimentel
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jessica S Ancker
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
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2
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Heydari M, Mehraeen E, Javaherikiyan E, Mehrabi N, Langarizadeh M, Aghamohammadi V, Moghaddam HR, Nasiri K. Design, development and evaluation of a mobile-based self-care application for patients with COVID-19 not requiring hospitalization; a study of Northwest of Iran. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:280. [PMID: 38057860 PMCID: PMC10698913 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02381-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the effective role of a mobile applications in disease management, disease monitoring, and self-care in patients with COVID-19 disease, we aimed to design, development and evaluation of a self-care Mobile app for COVID-19 patients not requiring hospitalization. METHODS The design, development and evaluation the usability of the self-care and education mobile app for patients with COVID-19 disease were conducted in two main phases at 2021 in Northwest of IRAN; (1) Determine the features and capabilities and (2) Design, development and evaluation of self-care mobile App. JAVA programming languages and Android Operating System were used and selected to design and development of a mobile app. There were 25 participants who conducted evaluations of the mobile app's usability and impact using the mobile health app usability a Questionnaire of User Interface Satisfaction was administered to assess the usability of the developed application. The results were analyzed via Excel 2013. RESULTS The model of developing a mobile app as an Information System was the Waterfall model. The smartphone application based on a set of capabilities and features was designed and consists of two main parts: the login screen for user registration, and the main home menu. The user interface includes three main pages or activities; (a) Main Menu for quick access to all of the pages, (b) Symptom management and monitoring to monitor the signs and symptoms during the illness, and (c) Set Reminders and Alarms to notify patients. The users' mean score of the application usability was calculated as 7.91 out of 9 indicating a good level of satisfaction. CONCLUSION This app can be a guideline and a useful tools for managing and monitoring symptoms, reminding medications, and implementing self-care instructions in outpatients. The authors suggest evaluating the efficacy and functionality test of mobile-based applications for COVID-19 in clinical trial studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Heydari
- Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.
| | - Esmaeil Mehraeen
- Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | | | - Nahid Mehrabi
- Department of Health Information Technology, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Langarizadeh
- Department of health information management, School of health management and information sciences, Iran university of medical sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Khadijeh Nasiri
- Department of Nursing, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran.
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Barton HJ, Pflaster E, Loganathar S, Werner A, Tarfa A, Wilkins D, Ehlenbach ML, Katz B, Coller RJ, Valdez R, Werner NE. What makes a home? Designing home personas to represent the homes of families caring for children with medical complexity. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103900. [PMID: 36122551 PMCID: PMC10072316 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Personas are widely recognized as valuable design tools for communicating dimensions of individuals, yet they often lack critical contextual factors. For those people managing chronic health conditions, the home is a critical context of their patient work system (PWS). We propose the development of 'home personas' to convey essential aspects of the home context to those tasked with designing technologies and interventions to fit it. We used an iterative, multi-stakeholder design process to design 'home personas' for a model population, families caring for children with medical complexity. Each of the four resultant home personas-Multi-level, Customized, Ranch, and Rental-has a unique home layout, pain points, and are described on three dimensions that emerged from the data. This study builds on a foundation of work in the emerging field of Patient Ergonomics, describing a mechanism for distilling rich descriptions of the PWS into brief yet informative design tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna J Barton
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Ellen Pflaster
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Shanmugapriya Loganathar
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Allison Werner
- School of Human Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Adati Tarfa
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - David Wilkins
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Mary L Ehlenbach
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | | | - Ryan J Coller
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
| | - Rupa Valdez
- Department of Public Health Sciences and Department of Engineering Systems and Environment, University of Virginia, United States
| | - Nicole E Werner
- Department of Health and Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, United States.
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4
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Mohammad H, Elham M, Mehraeen E, Aghamohammadi V, Seyedalinaghi S, Kalantari S, Nahid M, Nasiri K. Identifying data elements and key features of a mobile-based self-care application for patients with COVID-19 in Iran. Health Informatics J 2021; 27:14604582211065703. [PMID: 34936526 DOI: 10.1177/14604582211065703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mobile Health applications have shown different usages in the COVID-19 pandemic, which consisted of empowering patient's awareness, promoting patient's self-care, and self-monitor behaviors. The purpose of this study is to identify key features and capabilities of a mobile-based application for self-care and self-management of people with COVID-19 disease. This study was a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in two main phases in 2020. In the first phase, a literature review study was performed. In the second phase, using the information obtained from the review of similar articles, a questionnaire was designed to validate identified requirements. Based on the results of the first phase, 53 data elements and technical key features for mobile-based self-care application for people with COVID-19 were identified. According to the statistical population, 11 data elements for demographic requirements, 11 data elements for clinical requirements, 15 data elements for self-care specifications, and 16 features for the technical capability of this app were determined. Most of the items were selected by infectious and internal medicine specialists (94%). This study supports that the use of mobile-based applications can play an important role in the management of this disease. Software design and development could help manage and improve patients' health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heydari Mohammad
- Department of Health Information Technology, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Monaghesh Elham
- Department of Health Information Technology, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Mehraeen
- Department of Health Information Technology, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Vahideh Aghamohammadi
- Department of Nutrition, 6339Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
| | - Seyedahmad Seyedalinaghi
- Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High Risk Behaviors, 48439Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saieed Kalantari
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrabi Nahid
- Assistant Professor of Health information management, Aja University of Medical Sciences (AUMS), Aja, Iran
| | - Khadije Nasiri
- Department of Medical- Surgical Nursing, Khalkhal University of Medical Sciences, Khalkhal, Iran
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5
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Hill JR, Brown JC, Campbell NL, Holden RJ. Usability-In-Place-Remote Usability Testing Methods for Homebound Older Adults: Rapid Literature Review. JMIR Form Res 2021; 5:e26181. [PMID: 34726604 PMCID: PMC8596282 DOI: 10.2196/26181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Technology can benefit older adults in many ways, including by facilitating remote access to services, communication, and socialization for convenience or out of necessity when individuals are homebound. As people, especially older adults, self-quarantined and sheltered in place during the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of usability-in-place became clear. To understand the remote use of technology in an ecologically valid manner, researchers and others must be able to test usability remotely. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to review practical approaches for and findings about remote usability testing, particularly remote usability testing with older adults. METHODS We performed a rapid review of the literature and reported on available methods, their advantages and disadvantages, and practical recommendations. This review also reported recommendations for usability testing with older adults from the literature. RESULTS Critically, we identified a gap in the literature-a lack of remote usability testing methods, tools, and strategies for older adults, despite this population's increased remote technology use and needs (eg, due to disability or technology experience). We summarized existing remote usability methods that were found in the literature as well as guidelines that are available for conducting in-person usability testing with older adults. CONCLUSIONS We call on the human factors research and practice community to address this gap to better support older adults and other homebound or mobility-restricted individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan R Hill
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Janetta C Brown
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Noll L Campbell
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Richard J Holden
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Center for Health Innovation and Implementation Science, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Health and Wellness Design, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, United States
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6
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Catchpole K, Bowie P, Fouquet S, Rivera J, Hignett S. Frontiers in human factors: embedding specialists in multi-disciplinary efforts to improve healthcare. Int J Qual Health Care 2021; 33:13-18. [PMID: 32901812 PMCID: PMC7499639 DOI: 10.1093/intqhc/mzaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the application of a huge range of human factors (HF) principles in a growing range of care contexts, there is much more that could be done to realize this expertise for patient benefit, staff well-being and organizational performance. Healthcare has struggled to embrace system safety approaches, misapplied or misinterpreted others, and has stuck to a range of outdated and potentially counter-productive myths even has safety science has developed. One consequence of these persistent misunderstandings is that few opportunities exist in clinical settings for qualified HF professionals. Instead, HF has been applied by clinicians and others, to highly variable degrees-sometimes great success, but frequently in limited and sometimes counter-productive ways. Meanwhile, HF professionals have struggled to make a meaningful impact on frontline care and have had little career structure or support. However, in the last few years, embedded clinical HF practitioners have begun to have considerable success that are now being supported and amplified by professional networks. The recent coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) experiences confirm this. Closer collaboration between healthcare and HF professionals will result in significant and ultimately beneficial changes to both professions and clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Catchpole
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Paul Bowie
- NHS Education for Scotland, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow G12 8RZ, UK
| | - Sarah Fouquet
- Improvement Institue, Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Joy Rivera
- Patient Relations & Spiritual Services, Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sue Hignett
- Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University LE11 3TU, UK
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7
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Cornet VP, Toscos T, Bolchini D, Rohani Ghahari R, Ahmed R, Daley C, Mirro MJ, Holden RJ. Untold Stories in User-Centered Design of Mobile Health: Practical Challenges and Strategies Learned From the Design and Evaluation of an App for Older Adults With Heart Failure. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e17703. [PMID: 32706745 PMCID: PMC7404009 DOI: 10.2196/17703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background User-centered design (UCD) is a powerful framework for creating useful, easy-to-use, and satisfying mobile health (mHealth) apps. However, the literature seldom reports the practical challenges of implementing UCD, particularly in the field of mHealth. Objective This study aims to characterize the practical challenges encountered and propose strategies when implementing UCD for mHealth. Methods Our multidisciplinary team implemented a UCD process to design and evaluate a mobile app for older adults with heart failure. During and after this process, we documented the challenges the team encountered and the strategies they used or considered using to address those challenges. Results We identified 12 challenges, 3 about UCD as a whole and 9 across the UCD stages of formative research, design, and evaluation. Challenges included the timing of stakeholder involvement, overcoming designers’ assumptions, adapting methods to end users, and managing heterogeneity among stakeholders. To address these challenges, practical recommendations are provided to UCD researchers and practitioners. Conclusions UCD is a gold standard approach that is increasingly adopted for mHealth projects. Although UCD methods are well-described and easily accessible, practical challenges and strategies for implementing them are underreported. To improve the implementation of UCD for mHealth, we must tell and learn from these traditionally untold stories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Philip Cornet
- Department of Human-centered Computing, School of Informatics and Computing, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Parkview Mirro Center for Research and Innovation, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Tammy Toscos
- Parkview Mirro Center for Research and Innovation, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Davide Bolchini
- Department of Human-centered Computing, School of Informatics and Computing, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Romisa Rohani Ghahari
- Parkview Mirro Center for Research and Innovation, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Ryan Ahmed
- Parkview Mirro Center for Research and Innovation, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States
| | - Carly Daley
- Parkview Mirro Center for Research and Innovation, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States.,Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Michael J Mirro
- Parkview Mirro Center for Research and Innovation, Parkview Health, Fort Wayne, IN, United States.,Department of BioHealth Informatics, School of Informatics and Computing, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Richard J Holden
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, United States.,Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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8
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Heiden SM, Holden RJ, Alder CA, Bodke K, Boustani M. Human factors in mental healthcare: A work system analysis of a community-based program for older adults with depression and dementia. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 64:27-40. [PMID: 28610811 PMCID: PMC5535802 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Mental healthcare is a critical but largely unexplored application domain for human factors/ergonomics. This paper reports on a work system evaluation of a home-based dementia and depression care program for older adults, the Aging Brain Care program. The Workflow Elements Model was used to guide data collection and analysis of 59 h of observation, supplemented by key informant input. We identified four actors, 37 artifacts across seven types, ten action categories, and ten outcomes including improved health and safety. Five themes emerged regarding barriers and facilitators to care delivery in the program: the centrality of relationship building; the use of adaptive workarounds; performance of duplicate work; travel and scheduling challenges; and communication-related factors. Findings offer new insight into how mental healthcare services are delivered in a community-based program and key work-related factors shaping program outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan M Heiden
- School of Industrial Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Richard J Holden
- Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Indiana University Center for Aging Research (IU CAR), Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Catherine A Alder
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research (IU CAR), Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Kunal Bodke
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research (IU CAR), Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Malaz Boustani
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research (IU CAR), Indianapolis, IN, USA; Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Eskenazi Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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9
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Cornet VP, Daley CN, Srinivas P, Holden RJ. User-Centered Evaluations with Older Adults: Testing the Usability of a Mobile Health System for Heart Failure Self-Management. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 61:6-10. [PMID: 30930610 DOI: 10.1177/1541931213601497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many older adults living with heart failure struggle to follow recommended self-management routines. To help older adults with heart failure more effectively and efficiently self-manage their disease, we developed Engage, a mobile health application promoting the performance, logging, and sharing of routine self-management behaviors. This paper reports on the usability evaluation of the Engage system with 15 older adults with heart failure and informal caregivers. In two phases, participants used Engage during a task-based usability test (n=5) and a scenario-based usability test (n=10). Usability and performance data were assessed through video-recorded observation and the administration of the system usability scale (SUS) and NASA Task Load Index (TLX). We found that task-based testing was useful in quickly identifying problems within our application, but scenario-based testing elicited more valuable feedback from older adults. A comparison of the different evaluation methods used and the discussion of the challenges encountered provide multiple implications for the practice of usability testing of mobile health products with older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor P Cornet
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing - Indianapolis
| | - Carly N Daley
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing - Indianapolis
| | - Preethi Srinivas
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Inc
| | - Richard J Holden
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing - Indianapolis.,Indiana University Center for Aging Research, Regenstrief Institute, Inc
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10
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Mickelson RS, Holden RJ. Capturing the Medication Management Work System of Older Adults Using a Digital Diary Method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1541931213601622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human Factors and Ergonomics (HFE) has the potential to transform the lives of older adults by helping them better manage their health and disease. Older adults are often beset with multiple chronic illnesses and struggle to manage complex medication regimens. Non-adherence, errors, and poor outcomes are common. New research shows that patients’ health-related activities constitute an effortful, goal-driven type of work called patient work. HFE can play a major role in the study and improvement of patient work performance but current HFE methods are not fully suitable. This is in part because patient work is variable and takes place in home and community settings dissimilar to those commonly studied by healthcare HFE researchers. The objective of this study was to perform a work systems analysis of the medication management work of older adults with heart failure by adapting a method more suitable for the study of patient work. This qualitative longitudinal study used an innovative digital diary data collection method. Fifteen older adults with heart failure made medication-related multimedia recordings over a one-week period followed by an interview. These data were content analyzed according to the Patient Work System model. Results identified 6 organizational (70 instances), 7 task (45 instances), 7 tool (31 instances), 6 patient (31 instances), 4 social (21 instances), and 2 physical work system factors (10 instances). Patient medication performance suffered from a lack of care coordination and integration. Organizational tools such as mail order delivery facilitated access, but many patients devised tools and strategies to address other barriers. The study concluded that there is a need to design task-relevant tools to support and optimize the patients’ medication management work systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard J. Holden
- BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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11
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Valdez RS, Holden RJ, Khunlerkit N, Marquard J, McGuire K, Nathan-Roberts D, Ozkaynak M, Ramly E. Patient Work Methods: Current Methods of Engaging Patients in Systems Design in Clinical, Community and Extraterrestrial Settings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1541931213601641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As Human Factors and Ergonomics (HF/E) practice in health care expands, there is growing recognition of the need to consider and design for patient work. Over the past several years HF/E practitioners and researchers have begun to formalize the theoretical foundations of a patient work approach. Methodologically, patient work approaches have required adaptations of existing HF/E and social science approaches as well as the development of new approaches. This panel will focus on current approaches of engaging patients in designing interventions in the multiple settings in which patient work is performed. Each panelist will introduce their work by discussing the health care challenge and how existing methods were adapted or new methods created to engage patients in the design of systems. The panelists will then interact with audience members to solicit current health care challenges and to brainstorm ways in which methods could be adapted or innovated to engage patients in addressing these challenges.
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12
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Holden RJ, Valdez RS, Schubert CC, Thompson MJ, Hundt AS. Macroergonomic factors in the patient work system: examining the context of patients with chronic illness. ERGONOMICS 2017; 60:26-43. [PMID: 27164171 PMCID: PMC5639913 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2016.1168529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Human factors/ergonomics recognises work as embedded in and shaped by levels of social, physical and organisational context. This study investigates the contextual or macroergonomic factors present in the health-related work performed by patients. We performed a secondary content analysis of findings from three studies of the work of chronically ill patients and their informal caregivers. Our resulting consolidated macroergonomic patient work system model identified 17 factors across physical, social and organisational domains and household and community levels. These factors are illustrated with examples from the three studies and discussed as having positive, negative or varying effects on health and health behaviour. We present three brief case studies to illustrate how macroergonomic factors combine across domains and levels to shape performance in expected and unexpected ways. Findings demonstrate not only the importance of context for patients' health-related activities but also specific factors to consider in future research, design and policy efforts. Practitioner Summary: Health-related activities of patients are embedded in and shaped by levels of social, physical and organisational context. This paper combined findings from three studies to specify 17 contextual or macroergonomic factors in home- and community-based work systems of chronically ill patients. These factors have research, design and policy implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Holden
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
- Corresponding author: Richard J. Holden, Walker Plaza – WK 319, 719 Indiana Avenue, Indianapolis, IN, USA 46202. . 1-317-278-5323
| | | | | | | | - Ann S. Hundt
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Srinivas P, Cornet V, Holden R. Human factors analysis, design, and evaluation of Engage, a consumer health IT application for geriatric heart failure self-care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION 2016; 33:298-312. [PMID: 30429638 PMCID: PMC6231419 DOI: 10.1080/10447318.2016.1265784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Human factors and ergonomics (HFE) and related approaches can be used to enhance research and development of consumer-facing health IT systems, including technologies supporting the needs of people with chronic disease. We describe a multiphase HFE study of health IT supporting self-care of chronic heart failure by older adults. The study was based on HFE frameworks of "patient work" and incorporated the three broad phases of user-centered design: study or analysis; design; and evaluation. In the study phase, data from observations, interviews, surveys, and other methods were analyzed to identify gaps in and requirements for supporting heart failure self-care. The design phase applied findings from the study phase throughout an iterative process, culminating in the design of the Engage application, a product intended for continuous use over 30 days to stimulate self-care engagement, behavior, and knowledge. During the evaluation phase, we identified a variety of usability issues through expert heuristic evaluation and laboratory-based usability testing. We discuss the implications of our findings regarding heart failure self-care in older adults and the methodological challenges of rapid translational field research and development in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Srinivas
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research (IUCAR),
Regenstrief Institute, Inc. – Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Victor Cornet
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing
– Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Richard Holden
- Indiana University Center for Aging Research (IUCAR),
Regenstrief Institute, Inc. – Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing
– Indianapolis, IN, USA
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