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Mognetti B, Franco F, Castrignano C, Bovolin P, Berta GN. Mechanisms of Phytoremediation by Resveratrol against Cadmium Toxicity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:782. [PMID: 39061851 PMCID: PMC11273497 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) toxicity poses a significant threat to human health and the environment due to its widespread occurrence and persistence. In recent years, considerable attention has been directed towards exploring natural compounds with potential protective effects against Cd-induced toxicity. Among these compounds, resveratrol (RV) has emerged as a promising candidate, demonstrating a range of beneficial effects attributed to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. This literature review systematically evaluates the protective role of RV against Cd toxicity, considering the various mechanisms of action involved. A comprehensive analysis of both in vitro and in vivo studies is conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of RV efficacy in mitigating Cd-induced damage. Additionally, this review highlights the importance of phytoremediation strategies in addressing Cd contamination, emphasizing the potential of RV in enhancing the efficiency of such remediation techniques. Through the integration of diverse research findings, this review underscores the therapeutic potential of RV in combating Cd toxicity and underscores the need for further investigation to elucidate its precise mechanisms of action and optimize its application in environmental and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Mognetti
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy;
| | - Francesco Franco
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (C.C.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Chiara Castrignano
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (C.C.); (G.N.B.)
| | - Patrizia Bovolin
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina 13, 10123 Turin, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Nicolao Berta
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (F.F.); (C.C.); (G.N.B.)
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Faraji S, Moosavi SA, Neshasteh-Riz A, Cheraghi S, Mayahi MSc S. Radioprotective Effect of Resveratrol, Crocin, and Their Combination on Cytogenetic Alterations in Human Lymphocytes. J Biomed Phys Eng 2024; 14:255-266. [PMID: 39027705 PMCID: PMC11252554 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2109-1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Background High-dose radiation altering the genetic material in patients' bone marrow cells can lead to hematopoietic radiation syndrome. Accordingly, the presence of radiation protections agents is critical to preventing these adverse effects. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the radioprotection of the exclusive or combination effect of resveratrol and crocin extracts at various concentrations on irradiated human lymphocytes. Material and Methods In this experimental study, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method was used to evaluate the cell viability in pre-treatment with resveratrol, crocin, or a combination of both, using a concentration range of 5 to 4800 μM / ml in 24 h. The chromosomal aberration test was employed to determine the aberration frequency in 48 h. This study was performed on human peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with 2 Gy radiation and reliability of measurements performed by the triplicate repeat. Results MTT results showed that the groups treated with either resveratrol or crocin at concentrations of 5 to 4800 µM had no significant reduction in cell viability. The cytogenetic analysis of irradiated lymphocytes with 2 Gy X-rays revealed a reduction in the frequency of dicentric chromosomes in all treated groups in contrast with the control group. The most significant reduction occurred in those treated with a single agent at the concentration of 100 µM and a combined drug at the concentration of 50 µM. Conclusion The combination of resveratrol and crocin is considered a potential radioprotector and prophylactic for patients before radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Faraji
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Akbar Moosavi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Neshasteh-Riz
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan Cheraghi
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Mayahi MSc
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Pourmousavi L, Asadi RH, Zehsaz F, Jadidi RP. Potential therapeutic effects of crocin. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03131-6. [PMID: 38758225 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03131-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Crocin, a natural bioactive compound derived from saffron (Crocus sativus) and other Crocus genera, has gained significant attention recently due to its potential therapeutic properties. The multifaceted nature of crocin's biological effects has piqued the interest of researchers and health enthusiasts, prompting further investigations into its mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications. This review article comprehensively explores the emerging evidence supporting crocin's role as a promising ally in protecting against metabolic disorders. The review covers the molecular mechanisms underlying crocin's beneficial effects and highlights its potential applications in preventing and treating diverse pathological conditions. Understanding the mechanisms through which crocin exerts its protective effects could advance scientific knowledge and offer potential avenues for developing novel therapeutic interventions. As we uncover the potential of crocin as a valuable ally in the fight against disorders, it becomes evident that nature's palette holds remarkable solutions for enhancing our health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Pourmousavi
- Department of Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farzad Zehsaz
- Department of Sport Sciences, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang H, Song T, Kang R, Ren F, Liu J, Wang J. Plant bioactive compounds alleviate photoinduced retinal damage and asthenopia: Mechanisms, synergies, and bioavailability. Nutr Res 2023; 120:115-134. [PMID: 37980835 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The retina, an important tissue of the eye, is essential in visual transmission and sustaining adequate eyesight. However, oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions can harm retinal structure and function. Recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to light can induce oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in retinal cells, thereby facilitating the progression of retinal damage-related diseases and asthenopia. Plant bioactive compounds such as anthocyanin, curcumin, resveratrol, lutein, zeaxanthin, epigallocatechin gallate, and quercetin are effective in alleviating retinal damage and asthenopia. Their strong oxidation resistance and unique chemical structure can prevent the retina from producing reactive oxygen species and regulating eye muscle relaxation, thus alleviating retinal damage and asthenopia. Additionally, the combination of these active ingredients produces a stronger antioxidant effect. Consequently, understanding the mechanism of retinal damage caused by light and the regulation mechanism of bioactive compounds can better protect the retina and reduce asthenopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Tiancong Song
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Rui Kang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Feiyue Ren
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jie Liu
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Jing Wang
- China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Nutrition and Health (Beijing), Key Laboratory of Special Food Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology & Business University (BTBU), Beijing, 100048, China.
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Tersi N, Kassumeh S, Ohlmann A, Strehle L, Priglinger SG, Hartmann D, Wolf A, Wertheimer CM. Pharmacological Therapy of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy: Systematic In Vitro Comparison of 36 Pharmacological Agents. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2023; 39:148-158. [PMID: 36867160 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2022.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is currently treated surgically. Reliable pharmaceutical options would be desirable, and numerous drugs have been proposed. This in vitro study is intended to systematically compare and determine the most promising candidates for the treatment of PVR. Methods: A structured literature review was conducted in the "PubMed" database to identify previously published agents proposed for medical treatment of PVR -36 substances that met the inclusion criteria. Toxicity and antiproliferative effects were evaluated on primary human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) using colorimetric viability assays. The seven substances with the widest therapeutic range between toxicity and no longer detectable antiproliferative effect were then validated with a bromodeoxyuridine assay and a scratch wound healing assay using primary cells derived from surgically excised human PVR membranes (hPVR). Results: Among 36 substances, 12 showed no effect on hRPE at all. Seventeen substances had a significant (P < 0.05) toxic effect of which nine did not have an antiproliferative effect. Fifteen substances significantly reduced hRPE proliferation (P < 0.05). The seven most promising drugs with the highest difference between toxicity and antiproliferative effects on hRPE were dasatinib, methotrexate, resveratrol, retinoic acid, simvastatin, tacrolimus, and tranilast. Whereof resveratrol, simvastatin, and tranilast additionally showed antiproliferative and dasatinib, resveratrol, and tranilast antimigratory effects on hPVR (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study presents a systematic comparison of drugs that have been proposed for PVR treatment in a human disease model. Dasatinib, resveratrol, simvastatin, and tranilast seem to be promising and are well-characterized in human use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Tersi
- Department of Ophthalmology and University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Kassumeh
- Department of Ophthalmology and University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Ohlmann
- Department of Ophthalmology and University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Strehle
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Daniela Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Armin Wolf
- Department of Ophthalmology and University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christian M Wertheimer
- Department of Ophthalmology and University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Heydari M, Zare M, Badie MR, Watson RR, Talebnejad MR, Afarid M. Crocin as a vision supplement. Clin Exp Optom 2022; 106:249-256. [PMID: 35231199 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2039554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crocin is a natural ingredient of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) flower that has shown potential for application as a supplement in eye health and preserving vision. Crocin has been examined for its potential to treat various eye diseases such as glaucoma, macular dystrophies, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration. This review briefly discusses the role of crocin in different eye diseases. The underlying pathophysiological pathways involved in the effect of crocin on ophthalmic diseases are also reviewed. Preclinical evidence shows the cytoprotective, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and blood-flow enhancing effects of crocin in retinal tissue. Crocin also affects the retinal pathologies by activating PI3K/Akt and inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathways. Clinical evidence suggests that crocin improves outcomes in patients with retinal degenerations, retinal dystrophies, and glaucoma. Overall, crocin can be suggested as a potential vision supplement in healthy populations and patients with eye diseases. However, more clinical studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up durations are needed to confirm the current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Heydari
- Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mousa Zare
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Badie
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Reza Talebnejad
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Afarid
- Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Chen J, Tchivelekete GM, Zhou X, Tang W, Liu F, Liu M, Zhao C, Shu X, Zeng Z. Anti-inflammatory activities of Gardenia jasminoides extracts in retinal pigment epithelial cells and zebrafish embryos. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:700. [PMID: 34007309 PMCID: PMC8120509 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Inflammation serves a critical role in the pathogenesis of AMD. Gardenia jasminoides is found in several regions of China and is traditionally used as an organic yellow dye but has also been widely used as a therapeutic agent in numerous diseases, including inflammation, depression, hepatic and vascular disorders, which may reflect the variability of functional compounds that are present in Gardenia jasminoides extracts (GJE). To investigate the therapeutic potential of GJE for AMD, ARPE-19 cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or LPS plus GJE. GJE significantly decreased LPS-induced expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. In the in vivo study, GJE inhibited CuSO4-induced migration of primitive macrophages to the lateral line in zebrafish embryos. GJE also attenuated expression of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α), NFKB activating protein (nkap) and TLR4 in ARPE-19 cells. The results of the present study demonstrated the anti-inflammatory potential of GJE in vitro and in vivo, and suggested GJE as a therapeutic candidate for AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Chen
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | | | - Xinzhi Zhou
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Weizhuo Tang
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Fang Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Minzhuo Liu
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Zhao
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
| | - Xinhua Shu
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.,Department of Vision Science, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, Hunan 422000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Zeng
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China.,Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Quality Control Aquatic Animals, Changsha, Hunan 410022, P.R. China
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