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van Druten VP, Bartels EA, van de Mheen D, de Vries E, Kerckhoffs APM, Nahar-van Venrooij LMW. Concepts of health in different contexts: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:389. [PMID: 35331223 PMCID: PMC8953139 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-07702-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The rationale of our study was that the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of health from 1947 which includes "… complete physical, mental and social wellbeing…" does not fit the current societal viewpoints anymore. The WHO's definition of health implies that many people with chronic illnesses or disabilities would be considered unhealthy and complete wellbeing would be utopian and unfeasible for them. This is no longer uniformly accepted. Many alternative concepts of health have been discussed in the last decades such as 'positive health', which focusses on someone's capability rather than incapability,. However, the question remains whether a general health concept can guide all healthcare practices. More likely, health concepts need to be specified for professions or settings. The objective of our study was to create a structured overview of published concepts of health from different perspectives by conducting a scoping review using the PRISMA-ScR guideline. A literature search was conducted in Pubmed and Cinahl. Articles eligible for inclusion focussed on the discussion or the conceptualisation of health or health-related concepts in different contexts (such as the perspective of care workers' or patients') published since 2009 (the Dutch Health Council raised the discussion about moving towards a more dynamic perspective on health in that year). Seventy-five articles could be included for thematic analyses. The results showed that most articles described a concept of health consisting of multiple subthemes; no consensus was found on one overall concept of health. This implies that healthcare consumers act based on different health concepts when seeking care than care workers when providing care. Having different understandings of the concepts of health can lead to misunderstandings in practice. In conclusion, from every perspective, and even for every individual, health may mean something different. This finding stresses the importance that care workers' and healthcare consumers' meaning of 'health' has to be clear to all actors involved. Our review supports a more uniform tuning of healthcare between healthcare providers (the organisations), care workers (the professionals) and healthcare consumers (the patients), by creating more awareness of the differences among these actors, which can be a guide in their communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P van Druten
- Jeroen Bosch Academy Research, Jeroen Bosch Hospital Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, PO Box 90153, Henri Dunantstraat 1, 's Hertogenbosch, 5223 GZ, the Netherlands. .,Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, Tilburg, 5000 LE, the Netherlands.
| | - E A Bartels
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, Tilburg, 5000 LE, the Netherlands.,TiSEM Department of Management, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - D van de Mheen
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, Tilburg, 5000 LE, the Netherlands
| | - E de Vries
- Jeroen Bosch Academy Research, Jeroen Bosch Hospital Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, PO Box 90153, Henri Dunantstraat 1, 's Hertogenbosch, 5223 GZ, the Netherlands.,Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, Tilburg, 5000 LE, the Netherlands
| | - A P M Kerckhoffs
- Department of Nephrology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, 's Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands
| | - L M W Nahar-van Venrooij
- Jeroen Bosch Academy Research, Jeroen Bosch Hospital Jeroen Bosch Ziekenhuis, PO Box 90153, Henri Dunantstraat 1, 's Hertogenbosch, 5223 GZ, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Gambling addiction (GA) is now considered a worldwide health issue. Although the topic of disorder awareness is a central issue in clinical practice, there are few studies examining this dimension in relation to GA. To bridge this gap, we conducted a qualitative study, administering interviews focused on awareness of GA and eliciting narratives of both the disorder and the whole life of participants. We adopted both qualitative and quantitative methods of research, using computer-aided content analysis. We administered to a sample of 15 treatment-seeking gamblers the Psychiatric Interview for Gambling Addiction and performed a qualitative analysis of the text using the T-Lab software. Five main thematic domains and four factors emerged, shedding light on specific aspects underlying the development of and recovery from GA. Specifically, the results suggested that dissociation processes, materialistic thinking and difficulties in social achievement underlie the subjective experience of GA. Moreover, closeness in interpersonal relationships and awareness of the disorder emerged as core features in the process of change. As a whole, the results highlight the specificities of disorder awareness in addicted gamblers. We discuss these results within the context of previous research and suggest clinical implications for the treatment of GA.
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Velotti P, Pace CS, Petrocchi C, Zavattini GC. Representations of health, illness and care by Eastern European, South American and Italian nurses: A qualitative study. J Health Psychol 2016; 24:640-649. [PMID: 27899445 DOI: 10.1177/1359105316679247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This qualitative study analyses the social representations of health, illness and care, considering the similarities and differences between 30 nurses from different regions. We conducted three intra-ethnic focus groups and two inter-ethnic focus groups. This study shows similarities between the nurses' representations. All participants believed that the psychological sphere affects individual's health, that disease is an imbalance between physical and psychological factors and that interpersonal aspects are essential for care. Differences emerged regarding many facets. Eastern European nurses placed more importance on psychological aspects, South American nurses emphasised interpersonal relationships and Italian nurses focused their attention on economic aspects and their impact on health, illness and care.
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Turabián JL, Pérez-Franco B. [Journey to what is essentially invisible: pysochosocial aspects of disease]. Semergen 2013; 40:65-72. [PMID: 23759314 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Revised: 03/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Physicians may be well equipped for the biological aspects of disease, but not for its psychosocial dimensions, an issue that has been absent in family medicine. The psychosocial aspects of the disease are the factors involved in how patients react to the disease, play a role in the expression of symptoms and disease, and have implications on the lives of patients. Moreover, the biological effects (specific) and psychosocial effects (non-specific) are not simply additive but interactive. Physicians should be aware of this hidden, essentially invisible patient psychosocial morbidity, and must incorporate bio-psychosocial interventions into routine medical care to be more effective. In addition, to consider these aspects in the context of care contributes to the distinctive elements of family medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Turabián
- Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Polígono Industrial, Toledo, España.
| | - B Pérez-Franco
- Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud La Estación, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, España
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