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Birhan TA, Molla MD, Tesfa KH. The effect of angiotensin converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism on anthropometric and biochemical parameters among hypertension patients: A case-control study from Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285618. [PMID: 37200278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene polymorphism has recently been linked with altered anthropometric and biochemical parameters in hypertensive patients. However, these links are still poorly understood and there is scarce evidence on the topic. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effect of ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism on anthropometric and biochemical parameters among essential hypertension patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case-control study with 64 cases and 64 controls was conducted from October 07, 2020, to June 02, 2021. The anthropometric measurements, biochemical parameters, and ACE gene polymorphism were determined using standard operating procedures, enzymatic colorimetric method, and polymerase chain reaction, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance was used to determine the association of genotypes with other study variables. P value < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. RESULT The systolic/diastolic blood pressure and blood glucose level (P-value<0.05) were significantly higher among study hypertensive patients with the DD genotype. However, anthropometric measures and lipid profiles of cases and controls were not associated with ACE gene polymorphism (P-value>0.05). CONCLUSION The DD genotype of the ACE gene polymorphism was found to have a significant association with high blood pressure and blood glucose levels in the study population. Advanced studies with a considerable sample size may be needed to utilize the ACE genotype as a biomarker for the early detection of hypertension-related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Adane Birhan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Meseret Derbew Molla
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kibur Hunie Tesfa
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Khamlaoui W, Mehri S, Hammami S, Elosua R, Hammami M. Association of angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) and angiotensinogen (AGT M235T) polymorphisms with the risk of obesity in a Tunisian population. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2021; 21:1470320320907820. [PMID: 32356512 PMCID: PMC7227147 DOI: 10.1177/1470320320907820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aims to determine whether genetic variants in ACE I/D and AGT M235T are associated with overweight-obesity and body mass index (BMI) in a Tunisian population. Methods: We designed an age- and sex-matched case-control study. The height and weight were measured and BMI was calculated. A total of 259 overweight-obese patients and 369 healthy controls were genotyped for the ACE I/D and AGT M235T genes using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: ACE I/D and AGT M235T genes were associated with BMI, waist circumference and overweight-obesity (p⩽0.001). In an additive model, the I and the M alleles in ACE and AGT variants, respectively, were associated with a lower BMI: –1.45 and −2.29 units, respectively. ACE I/D genotypes were associated with dyslipidemia; AGT M235T genotypes with dyslipidemia and total cholesterol. Conclusion: These data suggest that variations in ACE I/D and AGT M235T affect the risk of overweight-obesity, BMI and dyslipidemia, and could point to a key molecular pathway of metabolic syndrome and its related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wided Khamlaoui
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sounira Mehri
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Sonia Hammami
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia.,Department of Internal Medicine, CHU F. Bourguiba, Tunisia
| | - Roberto Elosua
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques, Spain
| | - Mohamed Hammami
- Biochemistry Laboratory, LR12ES05 "Nutrition-Functional Foods and Vascular Health", Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, Tunisia
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Almeida SS, Corgosinho FC, Amorim CE, Gregnani MF, Campos RM, Masquio DC, Sanches PL, Ganen AP, Pesquero JB, Dâmaso AR, Mello MT, Tufik S, Araújo RC. Different metabolic responses induced by long-term interdisciplinary therapy in obese adolescents related to ACE I/D polymorphism. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2018; 18:1470320317703451. [PMID: 28504003 PMCID: PMC5843858 DOI: 10.1177/1470320317703451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The main purpose of the present study was to investigate whether I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene might affect metabolic changes related to the metabolic syndrome through a long-term interdisciplinary therapy in obese adolescents. Methods: In total, 125 obese adolescents who entered the interdisciplinary obesity programme were assigned to the following two subgroups: metabolic syndrome or non-metabolic syndrome. They were evaluated at baseline and after 1 year. Genomic DNA was extracted from circulating leukocytes. Results: Subjects with the II genotype in the non-metabolic syndrome group were only to increase their fat-free mass after therapy. Regarding lipid profile, subjects with ID and DD genotypes from both groups reduced their low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels significantly. The metabolic parameters from the ID and DD genotypes of the non-metabolic syndrome group showed a significantly improved insulin response. Conclusion: In the present study, we showed that the ACE polymorphism was able to influence the fat-free mass in the I-carry allele in the non-metabolic syndrome group positively. In addition, the I-carry allele was able to improve the insulin resistance of the metabolic syndrome group significantly. These results suggest that the ACE I/D genotypes can influence, in different ways, the specific parameters of metabolism among obese adolescents submitted for long-term interdisciplinary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro S Almeida
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavia C Corgosinho
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos En Amorim
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Ms Campos
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Cl Masquio
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila L Sanches
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline P Ganen
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João B Pesquero
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana R Dâmaso
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco T Mello
- 2 Post-Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Tufik
- 3 Department of Psychobiology, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo C Araújo
- 1 Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
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Metabolic syndrome in Egyptian patients with vitiligo. JOURNAL OF THE EGYPTIAN WOMENʼS DERMATOLOGIC SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ewx.0000513078.01555.d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Implications of ACE (I/D) Gene Variants to the Genetic Susceptibility of Coronary Artery Disease in Asian Indians. Indian J Clin Biochem 2016; 32:163-170. [PMID: 28428690 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-016-0588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has established substantial attention in the recent years as a candidate gene for hypertension, cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of ACE (I/D) polymorphism with coronary artery disease (CAD) in a north Indian population. A total of 662 subjects (330 CAD patients and 332 healthy controls) were examined for association of ACE gene (I/D) polymorphism and environmental risk factors. The mean age of the CAD patients and control subjects was 60.53 ± 8.6 years and 56.55 ± 7.7 years, respectively (p = 0.000). Anthropometric and demographic data showed BMI values significantly higher among CAD patients and control subjects (26.98 ± 4.9 vs 24.04 ± 4.7, p = 0.000). We observed pronounced central obesity in both CAD patients and controls, even at the lowest BMI values (<23 kg/m2). Dyslipidemia was highly prevalent in CAD patients compared to control subjects. Genotypic data showed significantly higher frequency of DD genotype in CAD patients than that of control subjects (40 vs 28.3 %). No significant difference was observed in the distribution of ID genotypes between CAD patients and control subjects. Logistic regression analysis of data demonstrate that DD genotype was associated with 1.8 fold increased risk of development of CAD in Asian Indians (OR 1.8; 95 % CI 1.22-2.66; p = 0.003). The frequency of D allele was significantly higher in CAD patients (p = 0.001). No significant difference was observed in the clinical and biochemical characteristics of CAD patients and controls when the data was stratified according to the genotypes of ACE gene. In conclusion, DD genotype of ACE gene may be associated with increased risk of CAD in Asian Indian population.
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Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism in nutritional disorders in children. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:1245-54. [PMID: 25416682 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0802-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Luptáková L, Benčová D, Siváková D, Cvíčelová M. Association of CILP2 and ACE gene polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors in Slovak midlife women. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:634207. [PMID: 24350279 PMCID: PMC3854549 DOI: 10.1155/2013/634207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2013] [Revised: 09/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the association of two polymorphisms, the cartilage intermediate layer protein 2 (CILP2) G/T and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) I/D, with blood pressure and anthropometrical and biochemical parameters related to the development of cardiovascular disease. The entire study sample comprised 341 women ranging in age from 39 to 65 years. The CILP2 genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP and the ACE genotypes by PCR. The Bonferroni pairwise comparisons showed the effect of the CILP2 genotype on high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), apoB-to-apoA1 ratio, the total cholesterol (TC)-to-HDL-C ratio, non-HDL-C, and the LDL-C-to-HDL-C ratio (P < 0.05). Here, higher mean levels of HDL-C and lower mean levels of the remaining above mentioned lipid parameters were registered in the GT/TT genotype carriers than in GG carriers. Statistically significant association was identified between the ACE genotype and the following parameters: TC, LDL-C, and non-HDL-C (P < 0.05). The II genotype can lower serum level of TC (B = 0.40), LDL-C (B = 0.37), and non-HDL-C levels. The results of this study suggest that the minor T allele of CILP2 gene and I allele of ACE gene have a protective effect against elevated serum lipid and lipoprotein levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Luptáková
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Dominika Benčová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Siváková
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marta Cvíčelová
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Mlynska Dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Simsek S, Tekes S, Turkyilmaz A, Tuzcu AK, Kılıc F, Culcu NN, Isık B, Akbas H. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism with metabolic syndrome in Turkish patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2013; 36:860-3. [PMID: 23685945 DOI: 10.3275/8967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ACE gene has received substantial attention in recent years as candidate for a variety of diseases. The most common polymorphism in ACE gene is the Insertion/Deletion (I/D, rs4646994) polymorphism located on intron 16. AIM We investigated the association between metabolic syndrome (MS) and the insertion (I) - deletion (D) polymorphisms in the angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene in south-east of Turkey. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and sixty subjects, with 101 cases of MS and 59 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included in the study. RESULTS The frequency of ACE I/D polymorphism was found to be 49.5% for DD, 36.6% for ID, and 13.9% for II in the MSstudy group and 44.1% for DD, 42.4% for ID and 13.5% for II in the control group. Allele frequencies were found to be 0.68% for D and 0.32% for I allele in the study group with MS and 0.65% for D, 0.35% for I allele in the control group. The I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene, DD, ID, and II genotypes occurred with similar frequencies in the study group with MS and the control group with no significant differences (p<0.05). On applying one-way analysis of variance to different ACE gene polymorphic groups in patients with MS were not significantly associated to ACE gene polymorphism and waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HDL, and LDL (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Further studies of patients in larger numbers and of different ethnic backgrounds may be necessary to elucidate the association between the ACE I/D gene polymorphism and MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Simsek
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, University of Dicle, Medical School, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
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Mao S, Huang S. A meta-analysis of the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/ deletion gene polymorphism and the risk of overweight/obesity. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2013; 16:687-94. [PMID: 24150609 DOI: 10.1177/1470320313501218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The association between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) gene polymorphism and the risk of overweight/obesity remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and overweight/obesity susceptibility. METHOD All eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis by searching PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases through April 2013 according to a predefined criteria. RESULTS Fourteen case-control studies including 3371 cases and 4490 controls were recruited for the analysis of the association between ACE I/D gene polymorphism and overweight/obesity susceptibility. A significant association was observed between DD genotype and overweight/obesity risk in overall populations and Africans (p=0.014 and 0.010, respectively). D allele was associated with the risk of overweight/ obesity in Africans (p=0.026). However, II genotype might not be a protective factor against overweight/obesity risk in overall populations, Africans, Caucasians and Asians. CONCLUSIONS DD genotype is a risk factor for the overweight/obesity susceptibility in overall populations, particularly in Africans. D allele is a risk factor for the overweight/obesity susceptibility in Africans. Further larger studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Mao
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Songming Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Luptáková L, Siváková D, Cvíčelová M, Wsólová L, Danková Z, Michnová A, Blažíček P. Power of biomarkers and their relative contributions to metabolic syndrome in Slovak adult women. Ann Hum Biol 2012; 40:132-8. [DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2012.748828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Xi B, Ruiter R, Chen J, Pan H, Wang Y, Mi J. The ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism and its association with metabolic syndrome. Metabolism 2012; 61:891-7. [PMID: 22209668 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Revised: 10/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been suggested to be involved in the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, results have been inconsistent. In this study, a meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and MetS. Published literature from PubMed, EMBASE, and ISI Web of Science databases was searched for eligible publications. All studies assessing the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and MetS were included. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed- or random-effects model. Ten studies (1939 cases/2845 controls) for ACE I/D polymorphism were included in this meta-analysis. Most of the studies were performed in whites. The ACE I/D polymorphism was associated with an increased OR of MetS under a dominant model (DD + ID vs II: OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.22-1.60; P < .001). Using this model, similar results were found among studies using different ethnic populations, studies using different MetS definitions, and studies with more than 100 cases. This meta-analysis indicated that the D allele of the ACE gene, known to be related to higher levels of angiotensinogen, is associated with an increased OR of MetS. However, given the limited sample size, this association warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health Care, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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