1
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Meitern R, Hõrak P. Survival costs and benefits of reproduction: A register-based study in 20th century Estonia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1535:137-148. [PMID: 38536396 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Patterns of individual variation in lifespan and senescence depend on the associations between parental survival and reproductive rates. We studied the associations between parity and survival among 579,271 Estonians born between 1905 and 1945 and in a cohort with a completed lifespan born in 1905-1927. For this cohort, selection for increased lifespan operated on both sexes, but it was stronger in men than in women. However, the median lifespan increased between the subsequent cohorts in women but stagnated in men. Selection for longer lifespan was caused by the below-average lifespan of individuals with no or single offspring. Despite a general positive selection for lifespan, survival costs of reproduction were also detected among a relatively small proportion of individuals with high parities, as mothers of two and fathers of two and three children had the highest median lifespans. Fathers of more than six children had better survival than fathers of few children in their reproductive age, but this association reversed after age 70. The reversal of this association between survival and parity at old age indicates that relative mortality risks between those with lower versus higher parities change across ages, as predicted by the antagonistic pleiotropy theory of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peeter Hõrak
- Department of Zoology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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2
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Lopez SV, Krems JA, Dunn DS, Warner E, Leffingwell TR. Short-term mating orientation as a predictor of alcohol use and risky sexual behavior. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1670-1675. [PMID: 34242137 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1947836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Sexual Strategies Theory suggests people fall on a continuum between having short-term mating orientation (STMO) and long-term mating orientation. One way STMO individuals signal mating goals is via risky drinking. The current study therefore aims to investigate drinks per week (DPW) as a mediator between STMO and risky sexual behavior (RSB), with gender as a moderator between STMO and DPW. PARTICIPANTS Undergraduate students (N = 300) from a Midwestern university during Fall 2019. METHOD Participants completed questionnaires assessing STMO, DPW, and RSB frequency. RESULTS A moderated-mediation model indicated DPW significantly mediated the relationship between STMO and RSB. Positive associations were found among all three variables. Gender was not a moderator between STMO and DPW. CONCLUSIONS Mating orientation was a correlate of alcohol use and RSB for women and men, contributing to the literature identifying STMO as an indicator of those in need of substance use and RSB intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emily Warner
- Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
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3
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Effects of childhood adversity on smartphone addiction: The multiple mediation of life history strategies and smartphone use motivations. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2022.107298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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4
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Extending the two-component model of delusion to substance use disorder etiology and recovery. NEW IDEAS IN PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.newideapsych.2022.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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5
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Wang X, Zhu N, Chang L. Childhood unpredictability, life history, and intuitive versus deliberate cognitive styles. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Zeng X, Wei B. The relationship between the psychological capital of male individuals with drug abuse and relapse tendency: A moderated mediation model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:10334-10343. [PMID: 34602800 PMCID: PMC8476715 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02325-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to explore the mechanism of psychological capital's influence on relapse tendency of drug addicts under the COVID-19, and construct a moderated mediation model. 977 individuals with drug addiction who come from a mandatory drug rehabilitation center in China completed the Chinese versions of Psychological capital Questionnaire, the Relapse Tendency Questionnaire,the Coping Style Questionnarie and the Life History Strategy Scale.The results showed that(1) there was a significant negative correlation between psychological capital and relapse tendency;(2)positive coping style mediated the relationship between psychological capital and relapse tendency;(3) life history strategy is an important moderator between psychological capital and positive coping style.These findings help us to better understand the impact of psychological capital and positive coping style on relapse tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Zeng
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bin Wei
- School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Psychology and Cognitive Science, Nanchang, China.,Institute of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
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7
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Kan E, Knowles A, Peniche M, Frick PJ, Steinberg L, Cauffman E. Neighborhood Disorder and Risk-Taking Among Justice-Involved Youth-The Mediating Role of Life Expectancy. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:282-298. [PMID: 33232554 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neighborhood disorder has been linked to perceptions of shorter life expectancies, and shorter life expectancies have been associated with greater risk-taking. Yet, no studies have combined these two pathways. Using data from the longitudinal Crossroads study, the present study assessed whether life expectancy mediates the association between neighborhood disorder and risk-taking-substance use, crime, and risky sex-among 1,093 justice-involved adolescents. Results indicate that neighborhood disorder was linked to lower estimated life expectancy which in turn related to higher rates of cigarette use, binge drinking, illicit drug use, offending, and casual sex. However, life expectancy did not explain the association between neighborhood disorder and marijuana use or inconsistent condom use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Kan
- University of California, Irvine, USA
| | | | | | - Paul J Frick
- Louisiana State University & Australian Catholic University, USA
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8
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Bohon LM, Lancaster C, Sullivan TP, Medeiros RR, Hawley L. The Effects of Manipulated and Biographical Parent Disengagement on the Sexually Risky Attitudes and Intentions of College Women. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-020-00266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Placek C, Roulette C, Hudanick N, Khan A, Ravi K, Jayakrishna P, Srinivas V, Madhivanan P. Exploring biocultural models of chewing tobacco and paan among reproductive-aged women: Self-medication, protection, or gender inequality? Am J Hum Biol 2019; 31:e23281. [PMID: 31225943 PMCID: PMC6996481 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tobacco and areca nut are two of the most widely used psychoactive plant substances worldwide, yet the biocultural factors that account for variation in use patterns are not well understood. Here we attempt to understand the high prevalence of, and variation in, tobacco and areca nut use among reproductive-aged women. METHODS Research was carried out in Mysore, Karnataka, India. First, we conducted a qualitative investigation where participants engaged in semistructured interviews and focus group discussions to uncover cultural norms of women's tobacco use. Findings informed the second stage of research which quantitatively tested three models of tobacco and areca nut use (N = 74). RESULTS The qualitative study found that women were more likely to chew "natural" forms of tobacco and areca nut products (kaddipudi and paan). Quantitative tests of our hypotheses revealed that kaddipudi and combined tobacco use were best explained by the self-medication model, with somatic and environmental stress as strong indicators of use. The presence of cotinine, our biological indicator of tobacco use, was best modeled by gender inequality. We also found that men and women reported approximately equal tobacco use, even though their preferred types of tobacco and areca nut products differed. CONCLUSIONS Findings did not support the protection hypothesis as it relates to plant toxins. Instead, this study suggests that women might exploit neurotoxins such as nicotine and arecoline to offset the cognitive and energetic costs associated with iron deficiency in stressful environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Placek
- Department of Anthropology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Casey Roulette
- Department of Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California
| | - Natalie Hudanick
- Department of Anthropology, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Anisa Khan
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kavitha Ravi
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | | | - Vijaya Srinivas
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Purnima Madhivanan
- Public Health Research Institute of India, Mysore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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10
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Richardson GB, Hanson-Cook BS, Figueredo AJ. Bioecological Counseling. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-019-00201-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Richardson GB, Blount TN, Hanson-Cook BS. Life History Theory and Recovery From Substance Use Disorder. REVIEW OF GENERAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1037/gpr0000173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recovery has emerged as an important paradigm in addictions treatment but the field has yet to achieve consensus on how it should be defined and measured. The recovery construct has been extended beyond sustained reductions in use or abstinence to enhancements in global health/well-being and also prosocial community reintegration. However, few studies have included these broader domains in their measurement of recovery and few scientific theories have been advanced to explain why reductions in substance use occasion these broader life changes. This article applies life history theory to recovery for the first time to help define recovery, advance recovery measurement, and explain why broad change across multiple life domains should facilitate sustained recovery progress. We conclude with a discussion of future directions and challenges for future research informed by our life history framework for recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B. Richardson
- School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati
| | - Taheera N. Blount
- School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati
| | - Blair S. Hanson-Cook
- School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati
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12
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Jonason PK, Oshio A, Shimotsukasa T, Mieda T, Csathó Á, Sitnikova M. Seeing the world in black or white: The Dark Triad traits and dichotomous thinking. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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13
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Richardson GB, Chen CC, Dai CL, Swoboda CM, Nedelec JL, Chen WW. Substance use and mating success. EVOL HUM BEHAV 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Richardson GB, Sanning BK, Lai MHC, Copping LT, Hardesty PH, Kruger DJ. On the Psychometric Study of Human Life History Strategies. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 15:1474704916666840. [PMID: 28152627 PMCID: PMC10457209 DOI: 10.1177/1474704916666840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article attends to recent discussions of validity in psychometric research on human life history strategy (LHS), provides a constructive critique of the extant literature, and describes strategies for improving construct validity. To place the psychometric study of human LHS on more solid ground, our review indicates that researchers should (a) use approaches to psychometric modeling that are consistent with their philosophies of measurement, (b) confirm the dimensionality of life history indicators, and (c) establish measurement invariance for at least a subset of indicators. Because we see confirming the dimensionality of life history indicators as the next step toward placing the psychometrics of human LHS on more solid ground, we use nationally representative data and structural equation modeling to test the structure of middle adult life history indicators. We found statistically independent mating competition and Super-K dimensions and the effects of parental harshness and childhood unpredictability on Super-K were consistent with past research. However, childhood socioeconomic status had a moderate positive effect on mating competition and no effect on Super-K, while unpredictability did not predict mating competition. We conclude that human LHS is more complex than previously suggested-there does not seem to be a single dimension of human LHS among Western adults and the effects of environmental components seem to vary between mating competition and Super-K.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blair K. Sanning
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Mark H. C. Lai
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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15
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Richardson GB, Dariotis JK, Lai MHC. From Environment to Mating Competition and Super-K in a Predominantly Urban Sample of Young Adults. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 15:1474704916670165. [PMID: 28152622 PMCID: PMC6349591 DOI: 10.1177/1474704916670165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests human life history strategy (LHS) may be subsumed by multiple dimensions, including mating competition and Super-K, rather than one. In this study, we test whether a two-dimensional structure best fit data from a predominantly urban sample of young adults ages 18-24. We also test whether latent life history dimensions are associated with environmental harshness and unpredictability as predicted by life history theory. Results provide evidence that a two-dimensional model best fit the data. Furthermore, a moderate inverse residual correlation between mating competition and Super-K was found, consistent with a life history trade-off. Our findings suggest that parental socioeconomic status may enhance investment in mating competition, that harshness might persist into young adulthood as an important correlate of LHS, and that unpredictability may not have significant effects in young adulthood. These findings further support the contention that human LHS is multidimensional and environmental effects on LHS are more complex than previously suggested. The model presented provides a parsimonious explanation of an array of human behaviors and traits and can be used to inform public health initiatives, particularly with respect to the potential impact of environmental interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- George B. Richardson
- School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jacinda K. Dariotis
- School of Education, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, Evaluation Services Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark H. C. Lai
- School of Education, College of Education, Criminal Justice, and Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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16
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Copping LT, Campbell A, Muncer S, Richardson GB. The Psychometric Evaluation of Human Life Histories. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2017; 15:1474704916663727. [PMID: 28152625 PMCID: PMC10480921 DOI: 10.1177/1474704916663727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A recent critique of Copping, Campbell, and Muncer raised several issues concerning the validity of psychometric assessment techniques in the study of life history (LH) strategies. In this reply, some of our key concerns about relying on aggregated psychometric measures are explained, and we raise questions generally regarding the use of higher order factor structures. Responses to some of the statistical issues raised by Figueredo et al. are also detailed. We stand by our original conclusions and call for more careful consideration of instruments used to evaluate hypotheses derived from LH theory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven Muncer
- University of Teesside, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom
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17
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Richardson GB, Dai CL, Chen CC, Nedelec JL, Swoboda CM, Chen WW. Adolescent Life History Strategy in the Intergenerational Transmission and Developmental Stability of Substance Use. JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0022042615623986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that fast life history strategy (LHS) may be a primary driver of substance use among young adults. However, a recent study reported that (a) young adult fast LHS did not subsume all theorized indicators of LHS during this period and (b) fast LHS among parents did not predict young adult fast LHS or liability for use of common substances. In this study, we used structural equations and national data to test whether these findings generalized to adolescence. In addition, given that LHS and substance use share genetic and neuropsychological bases, we examined whether fast LHS could explain the developmental stability of substance use. Overall, our results extend the findings discussed above and suggest that fast LHS fully explains the developmental stability of substance use among youth. We discuss implications for life history models, research applying life history theory and substance use, and substance abuse prevention and treatment.
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18
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Richardson GB, Castellano ME, Stone JR, Sanning BK. Ecological and Evolutionary Principles for Secondary Education: Analyzing Career and Tech Ed. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40806-015-0034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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19
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Richardson GB, Chen CC, Dai CL, Hardesty PH, Swoboda CM. Life History Strategy and Young Adult Substance Use. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/147470491401200506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether life history strategy (LHS) and its intergenerational transmission could explain young adult use of common psychoactive substances. We tested a sequential structural equation model using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. During young adulthood, fast LHS explained 61% of the variance in overall liability for substance use. Faster parent LHS predicted poorer health and lesser alcohol use, greater neuroticism and cigarette smoking, but did not predict fast LHS or overall liability for substance use among young adults. Young adult neuroticism was independent of substance use controlling for fast LHS. The surprising finding of independence between parent and child LHS casts some uncertainty upon the identity of the parent and child LHS variables. Fast LHS may be the primary driver of young adult use of common psychoactive substances. However, it is possible that the young adult fast LHS variable is better defined as young adult mating competition. We discuss our findings in depth, chart out some intriguing new directions for life history research that may clarify the dimensionality of LHS and its mediation of the intergenerational transmission of substance use, and discuss implications for substance abuse prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ching-Chen Chen
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Liang Dai
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Patrick H. Hardesty
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Counseling, and College Student Personnel, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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20
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Richardson GB, Chen CC, Dai CL, Hardesty PH, Swoboda CM. Life history strategy and young adult substance use. EVOLUTIONARY PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 12:932-57. [PMID: 25365695 PMCID: PMC10429108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether life history strategy (LHS) and its intergenerational transmission could explain young adult use of common psychoactive substances. We tested a sequential structural equation model using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. During young adulthood, fast LHS explained 61% of the variance in overall liability for substance use. Faster parent LHS predicted poorer health and lesser alcohol use, greater neuroticism and cigarette smoking, but did not predict fast LHS or overall liability for substance use among young adults. Young adult neuroticism was independent of substance use controlling for fast LHS. The surprising finding of independence between parent and child LHS casts some uncertainty upon the identity of the parent and child LHS variables. Fast LHS may be the primary driver of young adult use of common psychoactive substances. However, it is possible that the young adult fast LHS variable is better defined as young adult mating competition. We discuss our findings in depth, chart out some intriguing new directions for life history research that may clarify the dimensionality of LHS and its mediation of the intergenerational transmission of substance use, and discuss implications for substance abuse prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ching-Chen Chen
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Chia-Liang Dai
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Patrick H. Hardesty
- Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, Counseling, and College Student Personnel, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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21
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Richardson GB, Freedlander JM, Katz EC, Dai CL, Chen CC. Impulsivity links reward and threat sensitivities to substance use: a functional model. Front Psychol 2014; 5:1194. [PMID: 25386147 PMCID: PMC4209822 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study used structural equations modeling and undergraduate student data to examine the effects of reward and threat sensitivities on substance use, along with the extent to which impulsivity explained these effects. Our results suggest that impulsivity may translate inversely related reward and threat sensitivities into substance use, completely mediate the effect between threat sensitivity and substance use, and partially mediate the effect between reward sensitivity and substance use. Our results also suggest that individuals with a combination of higher levels on both reward and threat sensitivities may be most impulsive and vulnerable to heightened substance use. We discuss implications for research at the interface of personality and substance use and also substance abuse prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chia-Liang Dai
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Ching-Chen Chen
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, OH, USA
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