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Schwarz N, Seiffert S, Pendziwiat M, Rademacher AV, Brünger T, Hedrich UBS, Augustijn PB, Baier H, Bayat A, Bisulli F, Buono RJ, Bruria BZ, Doyle MG, Guerrini R, Heimer G, Iacomino M, Kearney H, Klein KM, Kousiappa I, Kunz WS, Lerche H, Licchetta L, Lohmann E, Minardi R, McDonald M, Montgomery S, Mulahasanovic L, Oegema R, Ortal B, Papacostas SS, Ragona F, Granata T, Reif PS, Rosenow F, Rothschild A, Scudieri P, Striano P, Tinuper P, Tanteles GA, Vetro A, Zahnert F, Goldberg EM, Zara F, Lal D, May P, Muhle H, Helbig I, Weber Y. Spectrum of Phenotypic, Genetic, and Functional Characteristics in Patients With Epilepsy With KCNC2 Pathogenic Variants. Neurology 2022; 98:e2046-e2059. [PMID: 35314505 PMCID: PMC9162046 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000200660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES KCNC2 encodes Kv3.2, a member of the Shaw-related (Kv3) voltage-gated potassium channel subfamily, which is important for sustained high-frequency firing and optimized energy efficiency of action potentials in the brain. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical phenotype, genetic background, and biophysical function of disease-associated Kv3.2 variants. METHODS Individuals with KCNC2 variants detected by exome sequencing were selected for clinical, further genetic, and functional analysis. Cases were referred through clinical and research collaborations. Selected de novo variants were examined electrophysiologically in Xenopus laevis oocytes. RESULTS We identified novel KCNC2 variants in 18 patients with various forms of epilepsy, including genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE), developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE) including early-onset absence epilepsy, focal epilepsy, and myoclonic-atonic epilepsy. Of the 18 variants, 10 were de novo and 8 were classified as modifying variants. Eight drug-responsive patients became seizure-free using valproic acid as monotherapy or in combination, including severe DEE cases. Functional analysis of 4 variants demonstrated gain of function in 3 severely affected DEE cases and loss of function in 1 case with a milder phenotype (GGE) as the underlying pathomechanisms. DISCUSSION These findings implicate KCNC2 as a novel causative gene for epilepsy and emphasize the critical role of KV3.2 in the regulation of brain excitability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Schwarz
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Simone Seiffert
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Annika Verena Rademacher
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Brünger
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulrike B S Hedrich
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Paul B Augustijn
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Baier
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Allan Bayat
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesca Bisulli
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Russell J Buono
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Ben Zeev Bruria
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael G Doyle
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Renzo Guerrini
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Gali Heimer
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Michele Iacomino
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Hugh Kearney
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Karl Martin Klein
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Ioanna Kousiappa
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfram S Kunz
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Laura Licchetta
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Ebba Lohmann
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Raffaella Minardi
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Marie McDonald
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Montgomery
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Lejla Mulahasanovic
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Renske Oegema
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Barel Ortal
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Savvas S Papacostas
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Francesca Ragona
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Tiziana Granata
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Phillip S Reif
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Rosenow
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Annick Rothschild
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Paolo Scudieri
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Pasquale Striano
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Paolo Tinuper
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - George A Tanteles
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Annalisa Vetro
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix Zahnert
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Ethan M Goldberg
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Federico Zara
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Dennis Lal
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Patrick May
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Muhle
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Ingo Helbig
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
| | - Yvonne Weber
- From the Departments of Neurology and Epileptology (N.S., S.S., U.B.S.H., H.L., Y.W.) and Neurodegenerative Diseases (E.L.), Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (M.P., I.H.), Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel; Departments of Neuropediatrics (M.P., A.V.R., H.M., I.H.) and Pediatrics I (A.V.R.), University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel; Cologne Center for Genomics (T.B., D.L.), University of Cologne, Germany; Epilepsy Center SEIN (P.B.A.), Heemstede, the Netherlands; Epilepsiezentrum Bodensee (H.B.), Weissenau, Germany; Department of Genetics and Precision Medicine (A.B.), Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund, Denmark; IRCCS Istituti delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (F.B., L.L., R.M., P.T.); Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (F.B., L.L., P.T.), University of Bologna, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences (R.J.B.), Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, NJ; Pediatric Neurology Unit (B.Z.B., G.H.), Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan; Sackler School of Medicine (B.Z.B., G.H.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; FutureNeuro SFI Research Centre (M.G.D., H.K.) and Department of Neurology, Beaumont Hospital (M.G.D., H.K.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland; StAR MD Programme (M.G.D.), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland in collaboration with Blackrock Clinic, Dublin, Ireland; Pediatric Neurology, Neurogenetics and Neurobiology Unit and Laboratories, and Department of Neuroscience (R.G., A.V.), A. Meyer Children's Hospital, University of Florence; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini (M.I., P. Striano), Genova, Italy; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main, Department of Neurology (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), University Hospital Frankfurt; LOEWE Center for Personalized Translational Epilepsy Research (CePTER) (K.M.K., P.S.R., F. Rosenow), Goethe-University Frankfurt, Germany; Departments of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Genetics, and Community Health Sciences (K.M.K.), Hotchkiss Brain Institute & Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Neurobiology and Epilepsy Center (I.K., S.S.P.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research and Department of Epileptology (W.S.K.), University of Bonn, Germany; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics (M.M., S.M.), Duke University, Durham, NC; CeGaT GmbH and Praxis für Humangenetik Tübingen (L.M.), Germany; Division Biomedical Genetics (R.O.), University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands; The Genomic Unit, Sheba Cancer Research Center (B.O.), Cancer Research Center, Wohl Institute for Translational Medicine (B.O.), and The Institute for Rare Diseases, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital (A.R.), Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Medical School (S.S.P.), University of Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Pediatric Neuroscience (F. Ragona, T.G.), Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Member of the ERN EpiCARE, Milan, Italy; Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer; Sackler Faculty of Medicine (A.R.), Tel Aviv University, Israel; Departments of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, and Maternal and Child Health (P. Scudieri, P. Striano, F. Zara), University of Genova, Italy; Clinical Genetics and Genomics Department (G.A.T.), The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia; Department of Neurology (F. Zahnert), Epilepsy Center Hessen, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany; Division of Neurology (E.M.G., I.H.), The Epilepsy NeuroGenetics Initiative (ENGIN) (E.M.G., I.H.), and Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics (DBHi) (I.H.), Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, PA; Epilepsy Center, Neurological Institute (D.L.), and Genomic Medicine Institute, Lerner Research Institute (D.L.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research (D.L.), The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA; Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit (D.L.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (P.M.), University Luxembourg; Department of Neurology (I.H.), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA; and Department of Epileptology and Neurology (Y.W.), University of Aachen, Germany
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