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Ulusoy Öİ, Ballal NV, Narkedamalli R, Ulusoy N, Shetty KP, Luke AM. Dislodgement resistance and structural changes of tricalcium silicate-based cements after exposure to different chelating agents. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296647. [PMID: 38232127 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the dislodgement resistance and structural changes of different mineral trioxide aggregate cements (MTA) like Pro-Root MTA, Ortho MTA, and Retro MTA after exposure to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), NaOCl-Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1-hydroxyethylidene-1, 1-bisphosphonate (Dual Rinse HEDP), and NaOCl-Maleic acid (MA). The root canal spaces of 150 dentine slices were obturated using tricalcium silicate cements and divided into 3 groups (n = 50): Group1: ProRoot MTA, Group2: Retro MTA, and Group3: Ortho MTA. The samples in each group were further subdivided into four experimental (n = 10) and one control groups (n = 10): 2.5% NaOCl-17% EDTA, Dual Rinse HEDP, 2.5% NaOCl-7% Maleic acid, 2.5% NaOCl, distilled water (control). The dislodgement resistance and structural changes of cements were measured. Use of DR HEDP resulted in higher dislodgement resistance compared to17% EDTA and 7% MA in the samples obturated with Ortho MTA and Pro-Root MTA (p<0.001). In Retro MTA group, samples treated with DR HEDP and 17% EDTA had higher dislodgment resistance compared to 7% MA (p<0.001). On microstructural and elemental analysis of all the three MTA cements, samples treated with 17% EDTA and 7% MA were more amorphous and granular when compared to DR HEDP, which was pettle shaped. Calcium level was decreased more in samples treated with 17% EDTA and 7% MA when compared to DR HEDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özgür İlke Ulusoy
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| | - Rajkumar Narkedamalli
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India
| | - Nuran Ulusoy
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Northern Cyprus
| | - Krishna Prasad Shetty
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Centre for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alexander Maniangat Luke
- Department of Clinical Science, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Centre for Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
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Bardini G, Orrù C, Ideo F, Nagendrababu V, Dummer P, Cotti E. Clinical management of external cervical resorption: A systematic review. AUST ENDOD J 2023; 49:769-787. [PMID: 37702252 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
This review investigated whether any therapeutic options influenced the outcome of treatment for teeth with external cervical resorption. Out of 870 articles identified by an electronic search, 60 clinical case reports and six case series were included. No randomised clinical trials were found. Risk of bias was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute's tools. External surgical intervention was the preferred method of accessing the lesions. Removal of resorptive tissue was most often achieved mechanically. Bioactive endodontic cements were the preferred materials for restoring teeth. The outcome measures were based on clinical and radiographic parameters. Of the cases included in the review, no specific treatment approach had a superior outcome in relation to Heithersay's classification. Furthermore, due to the absence of randomised clinical trials, and the low level of evidence associated with case reports/case series, it was not possible to define the optimum clinical treatment for external cervical resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bardini
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cristiano Orrù
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Francesca Ideo
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Paul Dummer
- School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Elisabetta Cotti
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
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Chen YZ, Huang Y, Lü XY. Molecular mechanism of a novel root-end filling material containing zirconium oxide on the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1269246. [PMID: 37901837 PMCID: PMC10613028 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1269246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the novel root-end filling material containing zirconium oxide (NRFM-Zr) which is hydroxyapatite-based may promote osteoblast differentiation, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate it underlying the osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells induced by NRFM-Zr, compared with calcium silicate-based mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and glass ionomer cement (GIC). Firstly, three different types of root filling materials were co-cultured with MG-63 cells, and their cell toxicity, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium ion concentration were evaluated. Next, gene expression profiling microarray was employed to analyze the impact of the materials on the gene expression profile of MG-63 cells. The results of cell viability revealed that NRFM-Zr group had no significant difference compared to the negative control group. After 5 and 7 days of cultivation, both the NRFM-Zr and MTA groups exhibited significantly higher ALP activity compared to the negative control (p < 0.05). Moreover, the NRFM-Zr group had the highest calcium ion concentration, while the GIC group was the lowest (p < 0.05). Gene expression profiling microarray analysis identified 2915 (NRFM-Zr), 2254 (MTA) and 392 (GIC) differentially expressed genes, respectively. GO functional and KEGG pathway analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes of NRFM-Zr, MTA and GIC participated in 8, 6 and 0 differentiation-related pathways, respectively. Comparing the molecular mechanisms of osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation induced by hydroxyapatite-based NRFM-Zr and calcium silicate-based MTA, it was found that they shared similarities in their molecular mechanisms of promoting osteogenic differentiation. NRFM-Zr primarily promotes differentiation and inhibits cell apoptosis, thereby enhancing osteogenic/odontogenic differentiation of MG-63 cells. Furthermore, the inducing efficacy of NRFM-Zr was found to be superior to MTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Zhong Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Zhongda Hospital, Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Lü
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Boreak NM, Qadi MA, Khormi FH, Faqiri LM, Zaylai SO, Jad YA, Hamdi BA, Juraybi A. Evaluation of Cytotoxicity of Calcium Silicate-based Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Sealers: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023; 24:610-619. [PMID: 38193186 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
AIM This review aimed to evaluate the in vitro studies done with regard to the cytotoxicity associated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-based root canal sealers. BACKGROUND Root canal sealers are used during endodontic treatment as fillers to seal the gaps between the canal gutta-percha cone and canal walls. It is necessary to understand the cytotoxicity of these materials on human-derived cells as these materials interact with human cells periapically. REVIEW RESULTS Six in vitro studies were chosen for review. In these selected studies, along with MTA-based root canal sealers, other sealers were tested for cytotoxicity on human periodontal ligament (PDL) stem cells, human PDL fibroblasts, and human osteoblast cells. Regarding cytotoxicity, the studies were diverse, and most were based on 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay. In general, the studies suggested that root canal sealers cause mild to severe cytotoxic effects and that several factors influence this effect, such as material setting time, concentration, and duration of exposure. CONCLUSION All studies in the review indicated that MTA. Fillapex must be used cautiously as it exhibited the highest cytotoxic effect compared to other MTA-based and non-MTA-based sealers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Endodontic sealers do serve the purpose of bridging the gaps between the gutta-percha cone and the canal wall but knowing its biocompatibility becomes important as the material is extruded beyond the apical foramen where it comes in contact with the surrounding tissues. The effect of sealers on the surrounding tissues affects the healing and prognosis of the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezar Mohammed Boreak
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia, Phone: +966 599016688, e-mail:
| | - Mazen Ahmed Qadi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Hadi Khormi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luay Mutaen Faqiri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeem Omar Zaylai
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser Ali Jad
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassam Ali Hamdi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asayil Juraybi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
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Khoshbin E, Ghasemi L, Najafi R, Karkehabadi H. Effects of CEM cement and emdogain on proliferation and differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla: a comparative in vitro study. Biotechnol Lett 2023; 45:69-81. [PMID: 36550335 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03329-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study compared the effects of calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement, Emdogain (EMD), and their combination (CEM/Emdogain) on the differentiation and proliferation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs). METHODS In this in vitro, experimental study, SCAPs were isolated from two sound immature impacted third molars and cultured. After ensuring their stemness by detecting cell surface markers they were exposed to CEM cement, Emdogain, and CEM cement coated with Emdogain for 24 and 72 h. The control cells did not undergo any intervention. Cell viability [by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay], expression of odontogenic differentiation genes [by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR)], and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity (by ALP staining kit) were evaluated. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, t-test, and Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05). RESULTS Cell viability in the CEM cement and CEM/Emdogain groups decreased compared with the control group at 72 h (P < 0.05). Expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1), bone sialoprotein (BSP) genes, and ALP activity significantly increased in all three experimental groups compared with the control group at both 24 and 72 h. This increase was substantially more significant in CEM/Emdogain group (P > 0.05). The number of mineralized nodules significantly increased in all groups at 72 h, with a higher rate in the CEM/Emdogain group. CONCLUSION All biomaterials increased the differentiation of SCAPs, expression of odontogenic differentiation genes, and ALP activity, but CEM/Emdogain was considerably more effective for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khoshbin
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Leila Ghasemi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Prognostic Factors in Endodontic Surgery Using an Endoscope: A 1 Year Retrospective Cohort Study. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093353. [PMID: 35591687 PMCID: PMC9103390 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This retrospective study clarified the success rate of endoscopic endodontic surgeries and identified predictors accounting for successful surgeries. In this retrospective study, 242 patients (90 males, 152 females) who underwent endoscopic endodontic surgery at a single general hospital and were diagnosed through follow-up one year later were included. Risk factors were categorized into attributes, general health, anatomy, and surgery. Then, the correlation coefficient was calculated for the success or failure of endodontic surgery for each variable, the odds ratio was calculated for the upper variable, and factors related to the surgical prognosis factor were identified. The success rate of endodontic surgery was 95.3%, showing that it was a highly predictable treatment. The top three correlation coefficients were post, age, and perilesional sclerotic signs. Among them, the presence of posts was the highest, compared with the odds ratio, which was 9.592. This retrospective study revealed the success rate and risk factors accounting for endoscopic endodontic surgeries. Among the selected clinical variables, the presence of posts was the most decisive risk factor determining the success of endodontic surgeries.
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Effect of biodentine coated with emdogain on proliferation and differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:3685-3692. [PMID: 35107735 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07208-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed the effect of Biodentine coated with Emdogain (Biodentine/Emdogain) on proliferation and differentiation of human stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAPs). METHODS AND RESULTS: In this in vitro, experimental study, SCAPs were isolated from two immature impacted third molars and cultured. After ensuring the stemness of the cells by assessing the cell surface markers, they were exposed to Biodentine, Emdogain, and Biodentine/Emdogain for 24 and 72 h. The control cells did not receive any intervention. Cell viability was evaluated by the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay. Expression of odontogenic differentiation genes was analyzed by the quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was quantified by the respective kit. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, t-test, and Mann-Whitney test (α = 0.05). Cell viability did not change after 24 h of exposure to biomaterials. At 72 h, the viability of the cells exposed to Biodentine and Biodentine/Emdogain decreased compared with the control group. The expression of dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, and bone sialoprotein genes, and ALP activity significantly increased in all three experimental groups, compared with the control group at both 24 and 72 h; this increase was significantly greater in Biodentine/Emdogain group. The number of mineralized nodules significantly increased in all groups after 72 h with a greater rate in Biodentine/Emdogain group. CONCLUSIONS All biomaterials increased the differentiation of SCAPs, expression of odontogenic genes, and ALP activity, but Biodentine/Emdogain was significantly more effective for this purpose.
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Montero-Miralles P, Ibáñez-Barranco R, Cabanillas-Balsera D, Areal-Quecuty V, Sánchez-Domínguez B, Martín-González J, Segura-Egea JJ, Jiménez-Sánchez MC. Biomaterials in periapical regeneration after microsurgical endodontics: A narrative review. J Clin Exp Dent 2021; 13:e935-e940. [PMID: 34603623 PMCID: PMC8464390 DOI: 10.4317/jced.58651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of this narrative review was to analyze the available scientific evidence regarding the application of biomaterials in endodontic microsurgery and its influence in post-surgical tissue repair.
Material and Methods The review question was Do biomaterials used in endodontic microsurgery influence post-surgical tissue repair and regeneration? Systematic MEDLINE/PubMed review was used to evaluate and present the results.
Results The search yielded 131 references, 82 of which were selected for full text review after reading the abstracts. After a manual search in the references of the articles selected, 52 references were eliminated. Finally, 30 articles were selected.
Conclusions Bone grafts, membranes and bioceramics, especially MTA, are biomaterials with the ability to stimulate periapical tissue regeneration. This is one of many reason why bioceramics are the best choice as retrograde sealing materials. However, microsurgically treated periapical lesions can heal completely without the need to use bone grafts or membranes. Those techniques are indicated in endodontic microsurgery when additional stimulation of tissue regeneration is required, or when bone collapse needs to be prevented. Key words:Bioactive endodontic cements, endodontic surgery, periapical repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Montero-Miralles
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor of Master in Clinical Endodontics, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafael Ibáñez-Barranco
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor of Master in Clinical Endodontics, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera
- DDS, MSc, Doctoral fellow, Department of Stomatology, Section of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Victoria Areal-Quecuty
- DDS, MSc, Doctoral fellow, Department of Stomatology, Section of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Benito Sánchez-Domínguez
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Professor of Master in Clinical Endodontics, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jenifer Martín-González
- DDS, MSc, PhD Associate Professor, Department of Stomatology, Section of Endodontics, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan J Segura-Egea
- MD, DDS, PhD, Professor, Department of Stomatology, Section of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, C/ Avicena s/n, 41009-Sevilla, Spain
| | - María C Jiménez-Sánchez
- DDS, MSc, PhD, Materials Science Institute of Sevilla (ICMS), Joint CSIC-University of Sevilla Center, 41092 Sevilla, Spain
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Murata K, Washio A, Morotomi T, Rojasawasthien T, Kokabu S, Kitamura C. Physicochemical Properties, Cytocompatibility, and Biocompatibility of a Bioactive Glass Based Retrograde Filling Material. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071828. [PMID: 34361212 PMCID: PMC8308453 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The ideal retrograde filling material that is easy to handle, has good physicochemical properties, and is biocompatible has not yet been developed. The current study reports the development of a novel bioactive glass based powder for use as a retrograde filling material that is capable of altering the consistency and hardening rate of mixtures when mixed with existing bioactive glass based cement. Furthermore, its physicochemical properties, in vitro effects on human cementoblast-like cells, and in vivo effects on inflammatory responses were evaluated. The surface of the hardened cement showed the formation of hydroxyapatite-like precipitates and calcium and silicate ions were eluted from the cement when the pH level was stabilized at 10.5. Additionally, the cement was found to be insoluble and exhibited favorable handling properties. No adverse effects on viability, proliferation, and expression of differentiated markers were observed in the in vitro experiment, and the cement was capable of inducing calcium deposition in the cells. Moreover, the cement demonstrated a lower number of infiltrated inflammatory cells compared to the other materials used in the in vivo mouse subcutaneous implantation experiment. These findings suggest that the retrograde filling material composed of bioactive glass and the novel bioactive glass based powder exhibits favorable physicochemical properties, cytocompatibility, and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazumasa Murata
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
| | - Ayako Washio
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-93-582-1131
| | - Takahiko Morotomi
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
| | - Thira Rojasawasthien
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (T.R.); (S.K.)
| | - Chiaki Kitamura
- Division of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan; (K.M.); (T.M.); (C.K.)
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Song W, Li S, Tang Q, Chen L, Yuan Z. In vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate‑based bioceramics in endodontics (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:128. [PMID: 34013376 PMCID: PMC8136140 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based bioceramics have been applied in endodontics as advantageous materials for years. In addition to excellent physical and chemical properties, the biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate-based bioceramics also serve an important role in endodontics according to previous research reports. Firstly, bioceramics affect cellular behavior of cells such as stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, fibroblasts and immune cells. On the other hand, cell reaction to bioceramics determines the effect of wound healing and tissue repair following bioceramics implantation. The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of calcium silicate-based bioceramics currently applied in endodontics, including mineral trioxide aggregate, Bioaggregate, Biodentine and iRoot, focusing on their in vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity. Understanding their underlying mechanism may help to ensure these materials are applied appropriately in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglin Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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ÇİMEN C, ŞEN S, ŞENAY E, BEZGİN T. PRF USED AS A SCAFFOLD IN PULP REGENERATION: CASE SERIES. CUMHURIYET DENTAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.833807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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12
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A randomised controlled clinical trial comparing pure Portland cement and formocresol pulpotomies followed from 2 to 4 years. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:547-552. [PMID: 33175326 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present prospective randomised clinical control trial was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic success rate of pulpotomies in primary molars using pure Portland cement versus formocresol. Pure Portland cement has shown a high rate of success in pulpotomy treatments, with no side effects. METHODS Healthy 3- to 11-year-old children were treated with pulpotomies on primary molars as part of their scheduled dental treatment. Pulp dressing alternated randomly between pure Portland cement and formocresol. Data were analysed at follow-up periods up to 48 months. RESULTS 68 (50%) teeth with pure Portland cement and 68 (50%) teeth with formocresol in 136 healthy children (59 boys and 77 girls) were followed. The overall success rate of the pulpotomies in this study was 95.6%. Pure Portland cement was successful in 100% of the cases (68 out of 68), and formocresol in 91.1% (62 out of 68). No association was found between success and type of tooth or time range from treatment to last follow-up. CONCLUSION Based on this study's results, it can be concluded that there is no superiority of one material over the other and pure Portland cement can be used in primary molar pulpotomies.
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Rezende TMB, Ribeiro Sobrinho AP, Vieira LQ, Sousa MGDC, Kawai T. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) inhibits osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activation through calcium and aluminum activities. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 25:1805-1814. [PMID: 32789653 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03483-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect(s) of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) on in vitro RANKL-mediated osteoclast-dependent bone resorption events and the influence of Ca2+ and Al3+ on the osteoclastogenesis inhibition by MTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two types of osteoclast precursors, RAW 264.7 (RAW) cell line or bone marrow cells (obtained from BALB/c mice and stimulated with recombinant (r) macrophage colony stimulation factor (M-CSF), were stimulated with or without recombinant (r) activator of nuclear kappa B ligand (RANKL), in the presence or absence of MTA for 6 to 8 days. White Angelus MTA and Bios MTA (Angelus, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil) were prepared and inserted into capillary tubes (direct contact surface = 0.50 mm2 and 0.01 mm2). Influence of MTA on these types of osteoclast precursors was measured by the number of differentiated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinuclear cells (RAW and bone marrow cells), TRAP enzyme activity (RAW cells), cathepsin K gene expression (RAW cells), and resorptive pit formation (RAW cells) by mature osteoclasts. Besides, RAW cells were also stimulated with Ca2+ and Al3+ to evaluate the influence of these ions on MTA anti-osteoclastogenic potential. RESULTS In bone marrow and RAW cells, the number of TRAP-positive mature osteoclast cells induced by rRANKL was significantly inhibited by the presence of MTA compared with control rRANKL stimulation without MTA (p < 0.05), along with the reduction of TRAP enzyme activity (p < 0.05) and the low expression of cathepsin K gene (p < 0.05). In contrast, to control mature osteoclasts, the resorption area on dentin was significantly decreased for mature osteoclasts incubated with MTA (p < 0.05). rRANKL-stimulated RAW cells treated with Ca2+ and Al3+ decreased the number of osteoclasts cells. Besides, the aluminum oxide was the dominant suppressor of the osteoclastogenesis process. CONCLUSIONS MTA significantly suppressed RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast activity and, therefore, appears able to suppress bone resorption events in periapical lesions. This process might be related to Ca2+ and Al3+ activities. CLINICAL RELEVANCE MTA is an important worldwidely acknowleged biomaterial. The knowledge about its molecular activities on osteoclasts might contribute to improving the understanding of its clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taia Maria Berto Rezende
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Curso de Odontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Paulino Ribeiro Sobrinho
- Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leda Quercia Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Toshihisa Kawai
- Department of Oral Science and Translational Research, College of Dental Medicine, NOVA Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.,Cell Therapy Institute, Center for Collaborative Research, NOVA Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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Evaluation of Mechanical Activation and Chemical Synthesis for Particle Size Modification of White Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. Eur Endod J 2020; 5:128-133. [PMID: 32766523 PMCID: PMC7398986 DOI: 10.14744/eej.2020.84803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Initial setting time is one of the most important properties of calcium silicate cements (CSCs) such as white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two methods used to reduce the particle size of WMTA, mechanical activation and chemical synthesis. Methods WMTA without bismuth oxide (WMTA-B) was provided and divided into four groups (n=5) including: WMTA-B, WMTA-B+10 min milling, WMTA-B+30 min milling, and sol-gel. In groups 2 and 3, the milling was performed by using tungsten carbide balls in a ratio 1:15 (w/w) and a vibration frequency of 30 Hz together with absolute ethanol. For the fourth group, polyethylene glycol (PEG), calcium acetate (Ca(C2H3O2)2), SiO2, and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) were used for the sol-gel process. After preparation, sample powders were mixed with distilled water and placed in cylindrical molds, covered with water-moistened gauze, and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The Vicat needle test analyzed the initial setting time. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests at a significance level of P<0.05. The correlation between particle size and setting time was determined. Results Initial setting time of the sol-gel and WMTA-B+30 min milling was significantly lower than in the other two groups (P<0.05). A significant correlation was noticed between particle size and initial setting time (P<0.05). Conclusion Sol-gel process introduces a promising alternative strategy for the reduction of initial setting time of CSC materials. While both methods increased surface area, mechanical activation was not as successful in reducing surface area and initial setting time as effectively as the sol-gel process.
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15
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Meneses CCB, Olivi LT, Carvalho CN, Gavini G, Sipert CR. Cytotoxic Effect of Niobium Phosphate Glass-based Gutta-Percha Points on Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts In Vitro. J Endod 2020; 46:1297-1301. [PMID: 32615173 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The outcome of root canal obturation might be affected by the chemical components of the chosen filling materials. Niobium phosphate glass-based gutta-percha (GNB) was proposed as a biomaterial-based obturation point. This study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and cell modulation effects of GNB points on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PDLFs) in vitro. METHODS Human PDLFs were cultured for the assays. Extracts of regular gutta-percha (GP) points and GNB were obtained, serially diluted (1:5, 1:10, and 1:25), and used to stimulate PDLFs. A cell viability assay was performed using alamarBlue reagent (Molecular Probes, Waltham, MA), and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the gene expression for collagen type I and cementum protein 1. One-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post hoc test was performed (P < .05). RESULTS Regular GP reduced cell viability only in pure extracts, whereas GNB exhibited cytotoxicity to PDLFs in pure extracts as well as 1/5 and 1/10 dilutions. The gene expression of collagen type I was down-regulated only in the GNB group (P < .05). The expression of cementum protein 1 remained unaltered by both tested materials. CONCLUSIONS The addition of niobium phosphate glass to GP points increased cytotoxicity, affecting PDLF viability and partially disturbing physiological cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Tofanello Olivi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ceci Nunes Carvalho
- School of Dentistry, University Universidade do Centro de Estudos Unificados do Maranhão - CEUMA, São Luiz, Maranhão, Brazil
| | - Giulio Gavini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla Renata Sipert
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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16
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Sun X, Sun A, Jia X, Jin S, Zhang D, Xiao K, Wang Q. In vitro bioactivity of AH plus with the addition of nano-magnesium hydroxide. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:313. [PMID: 32355757 PMCID: PMC7186602 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background AH Plus (AH) has been widely used as a root canal sealer in the endodontic field due to its superior physicochemical properties. However, clinical application of AH is limited due to its weak bioactivity. Methods In this study, we have developed an AH cement containing nano-magnesium hydroxide (NMH) as an additive to enhance the bioactivity of AH. The NMH can neutralize pH and facilitate bone formation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of NMH and modified AH on osteoblasts behavior in vitro. The CCK-8, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to assess the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, respectively. The adhesion and spreading of MC3T3-E1 cells were investigated in vitro by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Meanwhile, the flow and magnesium ion release of the modified AH was also concerned. Results In vitro cell assays further showed that the addition of NMH into AH cement, which was denoted as modified AH (especially AH+3%NMH), could effectively improve the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusions Taken all together, we believe that the modified AH samples (especially AH+3%NMH) have outstanding biocompatibility and osteogenic properties and may have great potential in endodontic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Sun
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Aoteng Sun
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Xingya Jia
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Shi Jin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Keshen Xiao
- Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110002, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang 110002, China
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17
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An Immunofluorescence Study to Analyze Wound Healing Outcomes of Regenerative Endodontics in an Immature Premolar with Chronic Apical Abscess. J Endod 2020; 46:627-640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Shahbazi MA, Faghfouri L, Ferreira MPA, Figueiredo P, Maleki H, Sefat F, Hirvonen J, Santos HA. The versatile biomedical applications of bismuth-based nanoparticles and composites: therapeutic, diagnostic, biosensing, and regenerative properties. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1253-1321. [PMID: 31998912 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00283a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Studies of nanosized forms of bismuth (Bi)-containing materials have recently expanded from optical, chemical, electronic, and engineering fields towards biomedicine, as a result of their safety, cost-effective fabrication processes, large surface area, high stability, and high versatility in terms of shape, size, and porosity. Bi, as a nontoxic and inexpensive diamagnetic heavy metal, has been used for the fabrication of various nanoparticles (NPs) with unique structural, physicochemical, and compositional features to combine various properties, such as a favourably high X-ray attenuation coefficient and near-infrared (NIR) absorbance, excellent light-to-heat conversion efficiency, and a long circulation half-life. These features have rendered bismuth-containing nanoparticles (BiNPs) with desirable performance for combined cancer therapy, photothermal and radiation therapy (RT), multimodal imaging, theranostics, drug delivery, biosensing, and tissue engineering. Bismuth oxyhalides (BiOx, where X is Cl, Br or I) and bismuth chalcogenides, including bismuth oxide, bismuth sulfide, bismuth selenide, and bismuth telluride, have been heavily investigated for therapeutic purposes. The pharmacokinetics of these BiNPs can be easily improved via the facile modification of their surfaces with biocompatible polymers and proteins, resulting in enhanced colloidal stability, extended blood circulation, and reduced toxicity. Desirable antibacterial effects, bone regeneration potential, and tumor growth suppression under NIR laser radiation are the main biomedical research areas involving BiNPs that have opened up a new paradigm for their future clinical translation. This review emphasizes the synthesis and state-of-the-art progress related to the biomedical applications of BiNPs with different structures, sizes, and compositions. Furthermore, a comprehensive discussion focusing on challenges and future opportunities is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Ali Shahbazi
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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Induction of Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Bioceramic Root Repair Material. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12142311. [PMID: 31331019 PMCID: PMC6678914 DOI: 10.3390/ma12142311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the osteogenic activity of Endosequence Root Repair Material (ERRM) putty using rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The extract of set ERRM and ProRoot-mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) (control) was cocultured with rat MSCs and incubated for one, three, and seven days. The cell viability and proliferation were assessed. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin gene expression was performed. Both materials enhanced cell viability and proliferation, which increased over time. On day seven, the cells treated with either material exhibited significantly greater cell viability compared with control untreated cells. MSCs treated with either material showed deeper alkaline phosphatase staining after three days compared to control untreated cells. Treated MSCs also exhibited upregulation of the gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2, alkaline phosphatase, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin. Both ERRM and ProRoot-MTA enhance the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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20
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Alamoudi RA, Abu Zeid ST. Effect of Irrigants on the Push-Out Bond Strength of Two Bioceramic Root Repair Materials. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12121921. [PMID: 31197118 PMCID: PMC6630826 DOI: 10.3390/ma12121921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare different irrigants’ effect on two EndoSequence root repair materials’ push-out bond strength. Sixty root slices were filled either with EndoSequence premixed fast-set putty or regular-set paste, and then immersed either in sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine gluconate, or saline (as control) for 30 min, after which the slices were subjected to the push-out test. The surface structures were evaluated with Scanning Electron Microscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared. Fast-set putty exhibited greater displacement resistance when immersed in saline and subjected to adhesive failure mode, while regular-set paste showed greater resistance when immersed in chlorhexidine and subjected to cohesive failure mode. Infrared analysis showed changes in organic filler, and carbonate and phosphate bands after using irrigants. The lowest carbonate/phosphate ratio was found for chlorhexidine in both materials. Therefore, sodium hypochlorite reduced EndoSequence root repair materials’ displacement resistance markedly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruaa A Alamoudi
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sawsan T Abu Zeid
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22252, Saudi Arabia.
- Endodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza 12345, Egypt.
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21
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Lee GW, Yoon JH, Jang JH, Chang HS, Hwang YC, Hwang IN, Oh WM, Lee BN. Effects of newly-developed retrograde filling material on osteoblastic differentiation in vitro. Dent Mater J 2019; 38:528-533. [PMID: 30971649 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2018-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare chemical properties and bioactivities of with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM). After setting, surfaces of test materials were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The pH and cell viability of materials were tested. Osteoblastic differentiation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and ALP staining. MTA showed spindle-shaped crystals while ERRM showed round-shaped crystals of various sizes. ERRM presented lower pH than MTA. Both materials showed good cell viabilities compared to the control. Expression levels of osteoblastic genes and ALP staining were increased significantly (p<0.05) in ERRM and MTA groups compared to those in the control group. In conclusion, ERRM and MTA both had effects on osteoblastic differentiation. Therefore, ERRM can be used as a desirable alternative to MTA for root-end filling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go-Woon Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
| | - Ji-Hye Yoon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
| | - Ji-Hyun Jang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University
| | - Hoon-Sang Chang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
| | - Yun-Chan Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
| | - In-Nam Hwang
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
| | - Won-Mann Oh
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
| | - Bin-Na Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University
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Ćetenović B, Čolović B, Vasilijić S, Prokić B, Pašalić S, Jokanović V, Tepavčević Z, Marković D. Nanostructured endodontic materials mixed with different radiocontrast agents-biocompatibility study. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:190. [PMID: 30536136 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-018-6200-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the biocompatibility of nanostructured materials based on highly active calcium silicates mixed with different radiocontrast agents in comparison to MTA+ using in vitro and in vivo model. Morphology of materials' samples was analyzed using SEM while the phase compositions were identified by XRD. pH values of materials' suspensions were conducted by pH-meter. The cytotoxicity of materials' solutions was tested by MTT test (100, 50, 25 and 12.5 mg/ml). LDH and 3H-thymidine assay were utilized for biocompatibility investigations of materials' eluates (24 h, 7 day and 21 day). Eighteen Guinea pigs were used for intramuscular implantation, as teflon tubes with freshly prepared materials were placed into intramuscular pockets. All samples were composed of round and needle-like particles equally distributed with Ca/Si ratio ~2.7 at%, with the presence of hydrated calcium silicate phases. The pH values of ALBO-MPCA1 and ALBO-MPCA2 were high alkaline, while in case of MTA+ they were lower and continuously declined (p < 0.05). Investigated materials didn't exhibit dose-dependent effect on metabolic activity of L929 cells (p > 0.05). Significant differences in the percentage of cytotoxicity between diluted and undiluted extracts between all tested materials after 24 h and 7 day were noticed (p < 0.05). Increase in L929 cells proliferation was noticed in case of undiluted eluates of ALBO-MPCA1 and ALBO-MPCA2 after 7 day (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the intensity of inflammatory response between investigated materials and control group after 60 day (p > 0.05). Evaluation of biocompatibility of both ALBO-MPCA1 and ALBO-MPCA2 indicate their potential clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojana Ćetenović
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Mike P. Alasa 12-14, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia.
| | - Božana Čolović
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Mike P. Alasa 12-14, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia
| | - Saša Vasilijić
- Institute for Medical Research, Military Medical Academy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Defense, Crnotravska 17, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Bogomir Prokić
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Snežana Pašalić
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Mike P. Alasa 12-14, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia
| | - Vukoman Jokanović
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Mike P. Alasa 12-14, Belgrade, 11001, Serbia
| | - Zvezdana Tepavčević
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 11, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dejan Marković
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 11, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
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Effect of Polyhydroxybutyrate/Chitosan/Bioglass nanofiber scaffold on proliferation and differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth into odontoblast-like cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 89:128-139. [PMID: 29752081 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Scaffolds and their characteristics play a central role in tissue engineering. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/Chitosan/nano-bioglass (nBG) nanofiber scaffold made using the electrospinning method, on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells obtained from human exfoliated deciduous teeth into odontoblast-like cells. In this experimental study, the pulps of the molten deciduous teeth were isolated, thereafter, the stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) were extracted and then the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the cell viability percentage. The expression of some stem cell genes was studied by flowcytometry. These cells were then subjected to odontoblast by using the bone morphogenetic proteins-2 (BMP2) growth factor in the differentiation medium and for the expression of their specific genes. Primers of collagen type-I, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were used and the percentage of differentiation to odontoblast cells in induction scaffolds was investigated using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry methods. The results revealed a 6-fold increase in the expression of DSPP genes and collagen type-I, and a 2-fold increase in the expression of ALP in scaffold with BMP2 group compared to the scaffold as control group which according to the immunohistochemical test results, showed the extracted SHED to have been differentiated into dentin odontoblast-like cells. As a result, this scaffold can be used as a suitable substrate to apply in dentin tissue engineering.
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Scott MB, Zilinski GS, Kirkpatrick TC, Himel VT, Sabey KA, Lallier TE. The Effects of Irrigants on the Survival of Human Stem Cells of the Apical Papilla, Including Endocyn. J Endod 2018; 44:263-268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Dianat O, Mashhadiabbas F, Ahangari Z, Saedi S, Motamedian SR. Histologic comparison of direct pulp capping of rat molars with MTA and different concentrations of simvastatin gel. J Oral Sci 2018; 60:57-63. [DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.16-0690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Dianat
- Endodontic Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry
- Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Fatemeh Mashhadiabbas
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Zohreh Ahangari
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Sara Saedi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
| | - Saeed Reza Motamedian
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
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Hajizadeh N, Madani ZS, Zabihi E, Golpour M, Zahedpasha A, Mohammadnia M. Effect of MTA and CEM on Mineralization-Associated Gene Expression in Stem Cells Derived from Apical Papilla. IRANIAN ENDODONTIC JOURNAL 2018; 13:94-101. [PMID: 29692843 PMCID: PMC5800449 DOI: 10.22037/iej.v13i1.17860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study assessed the effect of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium-enriched mixture (CEM) cement on odontogenic differentiation and mineralization of stem cells. METHODS AND MATERIALS After confirmation of stemness and homogeneity of stem cells derived from apical papilla (SCAPs) using flow cytometry, the cells were exposed for 3 weeks to either osteogenic medium (OS) or CEM extract+OS (CEM+OS) or MTA extract in OS (MTA+OS) or DMEM based regular culture media (negative control). Relative expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), osteocalcin (OSC), and osterix (SP7) were measured at days 14 and 21 using RT-qPCR method. At the same time points Alizarin Red staining method was used to assess mineralization potential of SCAPS. Gene expression changes analysis were made automatically using REST® software and a P<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS After 2 weeks of exposure, expression of all genes were between 3 and 52 times the expression of GADPH (all were upregulated except SP7 in the control, P<0.05). After 3 weeks, relative expressions of the genes: ALP, SP7, DSPP, and OSC were respectively 275.9, 528.3, 98.4, and 603.7 times the expression of GADPH in the control group (OS). These were respectively 17.405, 29.2, 11.8, and 6.5 in CEM+OS group, and 163.8, 119.7, 102.5, and 723.9 in MTA+OS group. All of these were confirmed as upregulated (P<0.05) except for ALP and OSC of DM+CEM group. After 2 weeks, alizarin red staining showed similar mineralized nodules in OS, MTA+OS, and CEM+OS. In third week, larger nodules were seen in MTA+OS and OS, but not in CEM+OS. CONCLUSION After 2 weeks, gene expressions were almost comparable in OS, CEM+OS, and MTA+OS. After 3 weeks, OS and MTA+OS upregulated genes much greater than in 2nd week. However, upregulation in CEM+OS might not increase in 3rd week compared to those in 2nd week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niusha Hajizadeh
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;
| | - Zahra Sadat Madani
- Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;
| | - Ebrahim Zabihi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;
| | - Moniyreh Golpour
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Student Research Committee, Medical School, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;
| | - Amir Zahedpasha
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;
| | - Mousa Mohammadnia
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran;
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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Ballal NV, Ulusoy Öİ, Chhaparwal S, Ginjupalli K. Effect of novel chelating agents on the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate cements to the simulated root-end cavities. Microsc Res Tech 2017; 81:214-219. [PMID: 29130556 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To compare the effects of different chelating agents on the push-out bond strength of calcium silicate-based cements to the simulated root-end cavities. Root-end cavities were prepared on the roots of fifty extracted maxillary anterior teeth. The specimens were then randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 10) based on the final irrigation regimen: Group 1: 17% EDTA, Group 2: 7% maleic acid, Group 3: QMix, Group 4: 2.25% peracetic acid (PAA), Group 5: 0.9% saline. Then, the samples from each group were subdivided into two groups (n = 5) based on the apical filling material. In group 1, root-end cavities of all samples were filled with Biodentine and in group 2, with MTA. Each sample was horizontally sectioned to produce two discs of ∼1 mm thick per specimen. The maximum load required for the dislodgement of 100 retrofillings was recorded. The specimens were examined under scanning electron microscope after debonding to assess the type of bond failure. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests. Irrigation with saline resulted in higher bond strength compared to the other irrigants in the retrograde cavities obturated with MTA or Biodentine (p < .05). In MTA group, there was no significant difference between the test irrigants (p > .05). EDTA and PAA groups showed higher dislodgement resistance values than the other test irrigants, when Biodentine was used as a filling. The type of irrigation solution influences the bond strength of the root-end fillings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidambur Vasudev Ballal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
| | - Özgür İlke Ulusoy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shubha Chhaparwal
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Karnataka, India
| | - Kishore Ginjupalli
- Department of Dental Materials, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Kaur M, Singh H, Dhillon JS, Batra M, Saini M. MTA versus Biodentine: Review of Literature with a Comparative Analysis. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZG01-ZG05. [PMID: 28969295 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25840.10374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An ideal dental repair material should possess certain exclusive properties such as adequate adhesive ability, insolubility, dimensional stability, biocompatibility, bioactivity etc. New materials claiming better performance are continuously being introduced in the market to optimize the care of dental patients. Biodentine has been recently introduced as the "the first all-in-one, bioactive and biocompatible material for damaged dentin replacement". Manufacturers claim that Biodentine has noticeably shorter setting time in contrast to other silicate cements such as Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) and also has better mechanical and handling properties. This article is aimed to compare the properties of MTA and Biodentine analyzing the research work done in this field so far by various researchers all across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep Kaur
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Jaidev Singh Dhillon
- Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Munish Batra
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Meenu Saini
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Gian Sagar Dental College and Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
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Effects of pulpotomy using mineral trioxide aggregate on prostaglandin transporter and receptors in rat molars. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6870. [PMID: 28761141 PMCID: PMC5537257 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07167-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is a commonly used dental pulp-capping material with known effects in promoting reparative dentinogenesis. However, the mechanism by which MTA induces dentine repair remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in dentine repair by examining the localisation and mRNA expression levels of its transporter (Pgt) and two of its receptors (Ep2 and Ep4) in a rat model of pulpotomy with MTA capping. Ep2 expression was detected in odontoblasts, endothelial cells, and nerve fibres in normal and pulpotomised tissues, whereas Pgt and Ep4 were immunolocalised only in the odontoblasts. Moreover, mRNA expression of Slco2a1 (encoding Pgt), Ptger2 (encoding Ep2), and Ptger4 (encoding Ep4) was significantly upregulated in pulpotomised dental pulp and trigeminal ganglia after MTA capping. Our results provide insights into the functions of PGE2 via Pgt and Ep receptors in the healing dentine/pulp complex and may be helpful in developing new therapeutic targets for dental disease.
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Siboni F, Taddei P, Prati C, Gandolfi MG. Properties of NeoMTA Plus and MTA Plus cements for endodontics. Int Endod J 2017; 50 Suppl 2:e83-e94. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.12787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Siboni
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Dental School; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - P. Taddei
- Unit of Biochemistry; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - C. Prati
- Endodontic Clinical Section; Dental School; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
| | - M. G. Gandolfi
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Oral Pathology; Dental School; Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences; University of Bologna; Bologna Italy
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Portland cement induces human periodontal ligament cells to differentiate by upregulating miR-146a. J Formos Med Assoc 2017; 117:308-315. [PMID: 28528141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Bioaggregates such as Portland cement (PC) can be an economical alternative for mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with additional benefit of less discoloration. MTA has been known to induce differentiations of several dental cells. MicroRNAs are important regulators of biological processes, including differentiation, physiologic homeostasis, and disease progression. This study is to explore how PC enhances the differentiation of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in microRNAs level. METHODS PDL cells were cultured in a regular PC- or MTA-conditioned medium or an osteoinduction medium (OIM). Alizarin red staining was used to evaluate the extent of mineralization. Transfection of microRNA mimics induced exogenous miR-31 and miR-146a expression. The expression of microRNAs and differentiation markers was assayed using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS PC enhanced the mineralization of PDL cells in a dose-dependent manner in the OIM. Exogenous miR-31 and miR-146a expression upregulated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone morphogenic protein (BMP), and dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) expression. However, miR-31 and miR-146a modulates cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) expression in different ways. PC also enhanced ALP and BMP but attenuated CEMP1 in the OIM. Although the OIM or PC treatment upregulated miR-21, miR-29b, and miR-146a, only miR-146a was able to be induced by PC in combination with OIM. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that PC enhances the differentiation of PDL cells, especially osteogenic through miR-146a upregulation. In order to control the ankylosis after regenerative endodontics with the usage of bioaggregates, further investigations to explore these differentiation mechanisms in the miRNA level may be needed.
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First Evidence for Regeneration of the Periodontium to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Human Teeth. J Endod 2017; 43:715-722. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Yasukawa T, Hayashi M, Tanabe N, Tsuda H, Suzuki Y, Kawato T, Suzuki N, Maeno M, Ogiso B. Involvement of the calcium-sensing receptor in mineral trioxide aggregate-induced osteogenic gene expression in murine MC3T3-E1 cells. Dent Mater J 2017; 36:469-475. [PMID: 28228629 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2016-313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) has excellent biocompatibility as well as bioactivity, including an ability to induce osteoblast differentiation. We examined the effects of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on osteogenic gene expression induced by MTA. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with or without (control) MTA. The expression levels of Runx2, type I collagen, and CaSR genes were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and their products were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The levels were increased significantly in cells exposed to MTA compared with control. Next, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured with MTA and EGTA (a calcium chelator), because calcium ions were released continuously from MTA into the culture. Expression levels were decreased to control levels by MTA plus EGTA. NPS2143 (a CaSR antagonist) also reduced MTA-induced gene expression. These results suggest that MTA induced osteogenic gene expressions of Runx2 and type I collagen via CaSR in MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yasukawa
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Natsuko Tanabe
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Hiromasa Tsuda
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Naoto Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Masao Maeno
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Bunnai Ogiso
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Abedi-Amin A, Luzi A, Giovarruscio M, Paolone G, Darvizeh A, Agulló VV, Sauro S. Innovative root-end filling materials based on calcium-silicates and calcium-phosphates. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:31. [PMID: 28108959 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5847-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This in vitro study evaluated the apical sealing ability, bioactivity and biocompatibility of an experimental calcium silicate-based and two light-curing calcium silicate/calcium-phosphate cements as potential root end filling materials. A calcium silicate Portland-based (Control PC), an experimental calcium silicate (Exp. PC) and two light-curing cements (LC-CaP; LC-Si/CaP) were assessed for their alkalinising activity (pH) and biocompatibility. Single-rooted human canines were endodontically treated, filled with gutta-percha and finally submitted to apicoectomy. Root end fillings were performed using all tested cements, and their apical sealing ability was evaluated up to 4 weeks of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The mineral precipitation at the apical region and the cement adaptation to root dentine were also evaluated through non-destructive optical microscopy both at 24 h and after prolonged water storage (four week). LC-CaP and LC-Si/CaP had neutral pH, the greatest sealing ability (24 h) and excellent cytocompatibility. The Exp. PC cement presented sealing ability after two and four weeks, as well as biocompatibility after four and seven days, similar to LC-CaP and LC-Si/CaP. The control PC cement showed the lowest sealing ability and the greatest cytotoxicity. Mineral precipitation was observed in all groups, while some differences were seen in terms of cement adaptation along the root canal dentine walls. The experimental light-curable cements as well as the experimental PC might be suitable root end filling materials with appropriate (in vitro) sealing ability, biocompatibility and aptitude to induce mineral precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abedi-Amin
- Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Arlinda Luzi
- Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Massimo Giovarruscio
- Restorative Dentistry, Oral and Dental Science, Bristol Dental Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - Gaetano Paolone
- Restorative Dentistry, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Atanaz Darvizeh
- Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Victoria Vivó Agulló
- Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain
| | - Salvatore Sauro
- Departamento de Odontología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, CEU-Cardenal Herrera University, Valencia, Spain.
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Gene Expression Profiling and Molecular Signaling of Various Cells in Response to Tricalcium Silicate Cements: A Systematic Review. J Endod 2016; 42:1713-1725. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2016.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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36
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Gandolfi M, Siboni F, Prati C. Properties of a novel polysiloxane-guttapercha calcium silicate-bioglass-containing root canal sealer. Dent Mater 2016; 32:e113-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Chen I, Salhab I, Setzer FC, Kim S, Nah HD. A New Calcium Silicate–based Bioceramic Material Promotes Human Osteo- and Odontogenic Stem Cell Proliferation and Survival via the Extracellular Signal-regulated Kinase Signaling Pathway. J Endod 2016; 42:480-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bioactivity of a Calcium Silicate-based Endodontic Cement (BioRoot RCS): Interactions with Human Periodontal Ligament Cells In Vitro. J Endod 2015; 41:1469-73. [PMID: 26001857 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tricalcium silicate-based materials are recognized as bioactive materials through their capacity to induce hard tissue formation both in the dental pulp and bone. Sealing the apex implies that the root canal filling materials interact with the periapical tissues. This work was designed to study the interactions of newly developed tricalcium silicate cement (BioRoot RCS; Septodont, Saint Maur Des Fosses, France) with apical tissue compared with a standard zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (Pulp Canal Sealer [PCS]; SybronEndo, Orange, CA). METHODS Cell viability was assessed by direct contact between human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and BioRoot RCS or PCS. In addition, an in vitro tooth model was used to study the interactions between these materials and PDL cells. For this purpose, human extracted incisors were sectioned at the enamel-cementum junction; root canals were prepared, sterilized, and filled with lateral condensation with both materials. The root apices were dipped in the culture medium for 24 hours. These conditioned media were used to investigate their effects on human PDL cells. Cell proliferation was investigated with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the secretion of angiogenic and osteogenic growth factors was quantified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS BioRoot RCS has less toxic effects on PDL cells than PCS and induced a higher secretion of angiogenic and osteogenic growth factors than PCS. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these preclinical results suggest that the calcium silicate cement (BioRoot RCS) has a higher bioactivity than the zinc oxide-eugenol sealer (PCS) on human PDL cells.
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40
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Silva L, Kim S, Luczyszyn S, Papalexiou V, Giovanini A, Almeida L, Tramontina V. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of biphasic calcium phosphate and a mineral trioxide aggregate for bone healing in rat calvaria. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2015; 44:535-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Ion Release, Porosity, Solubility, and Bioactivity of MTA Plus Tricalcium Silicate. J Endod 2014; 40:1632-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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42
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Lee BN, Lee KN, Koh JT, Min KS, Chang HS, Hwang IN, Hwang YC, Oh WM. Effects of 3 Endodontic Bioactive Cements on Osteogenic Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells. J Endod 2014; 40:1217-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 11/27/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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43
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Eid AA, Hussein KA, Niu LN, Li GH, Watanabe I, Al-Shabrawey M, Pashley DH, Tay FR. Effects of tricalcium silicate cements on osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:3327-34. [PMID: 24726977 PMCID: PMC4058646 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Tricalcium silicate cements have been successfully employed in the biomedical field as bioactive bone and dentin substitutes, with widely acclaimed osteoactive properties. This research analyzed the effects of different tricalcium silicate cement formulations on the temporal osteoactivity profile of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMW-MSCs). These cells were exposed to four commercially available tricalcium silicate cement formulations in osteogenic differentiation medium. After 1, 3, 7 and 10 days, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were performed to detect expression of the target osteogenic markers ALP, RUNX2, OSX, OPN, MSX2 and OCN. After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days, alkaline phosphatase assay was performed to detect changes in intracellular enzyme level. An Alizarin Red S assay was performed after 28 days to detect extracellular matrix mineralization. In the presence of tricalcium silicate cements, target osteogenic markers were downregulated at the mRNA and protein levels at all time points. Intracellular alkaline phosphatase enzyme levels and extracellular mineralization of the experimental groups were not significantly different from the untreated control. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results showed increases in downregulation of RUNX2, OSX, MSX2 and OCN with increasing time of exposure to the tricalcium silicate cements, while ALP showed peak downregulation at day 7. For Western blotting, OSX, OPN, MSX2 and OCN showed increased downregulation with increased exposure time to the tested cements. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme levels generally declined after day 7. Based on these results, it is concluded that tricalcium silicate cements do not induce osteogenic differentiation of hBM-MSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf A Eid
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Material Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Khaled A Hussein
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; Oral and Dental Research Division, Department of Surgery and Medicine, National Research Center, Egypt
| | - Li-na Niu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo-hua Li
- Department of Stomatology, Fuzhou Dongfang Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ikuya Watanabe
- Department of Dental and Biomedical Material Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mohamed Al-Shabrawey
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - David H Pashley
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Oral Biology, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; Department of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Niu LN, Jiao K, Wang TD, Zhang W, Camilleri J, Bergeron BE, Feng HL, Mao J, Chen JH, Pashley DH, Tay FR. A review of the bioactivity of hydraulic calcium silicate cements. J Dent 2014; 42:517-33. [PMID: 24440449 PMCID: PMC3995854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In tissue regeneration research, the term "bioactivity" was initially used to describe the resistance to removal of a biomaterial from host tissues after intraosseous implantation. Hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSCs) are putatively accepted as bioactive materials, as exemplified by the increasing number of publications reporting that these cements produce an apatite-rich surface layer after they contact simulated body fluids. METHODS In this review, the same definitions employed for establishing in vitro and in vivo bioactivity in glass-ceramics, and the proposed mechanisms involved in these phenomena are used as blueprints for investigating whether HCSCs are bioactive. RESULTS The literature abounds with evidence that HCSCs exhibit in vitro bioactivity; however, there is a general lack of stringent methodologies for characterizing the calcium phosphate phases precipitated on HCSCs. Although in vivo bioactivity has been demonstrated for some HCSCs, a fibrous connective tissue layer is frequently identified along the bone-cement interface that is reminiscent of the responses observed in bioinert materials, without accompanying clarifications to account for such observations. CONCLUSIONS As bone-bonding is not predictably achieved, there is insufficient scientific evidence to substantiate that HCSCs are indeed bioactive. Objective appraisal criteria should be developed for more accurately defining the bioactivity profiles of HCSCs designed for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Niu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kai Jiao
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology and TMD, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian-da Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Josette Camilleri
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Surgery, University of Malta, Malta
| | - Brian E Bergeron
- Department of Endodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Hai-Lan Feng
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Mao
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji-Hua Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - David H Pashley
- College of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Franklin R Tay
- Department of Endodontics, College of Dental Medicine, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA; College of Graduate Studies, Georgia Regents University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Song M, Yoon TS, Kim SY, Kim E. Cytotoxicity of newly developed pozzolan cement and other root-end filling materials on human periodontal ligament cell. Restor Dent Endod 2014; 39:39-44. [PMID: 24516828 PMCID: PMC3916504 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2014.39.1.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The purpose of this study was to evaluate in vitro cytotoxicity of the pozzolan cement and other root-end filling materials using human periodontal ligament cell. Materials and Methods Endocem (Maruchi), white ProRoot MTA (Dentsply), white Angelus MTA (Angelus), and Super EBA (Bosworth Co.) were tested after set completely in an incubator at 37℃ for 7 days, Endocem was tested in two ways: 1) immediately after mixing (fresh specimens) and 2) after setting completely like other experimental materials. The methods for assessment included light microscopic examination, cell counting and WST-1 assay on human periodontal ligament cell. Results In the results of microscopic examination and cell counting, Super EBA showed significantly lower viable cell than any other groups (p < 0.05). As the results of WST-1 assay, compared with untreated control group, there was no significant cell viability of the Endocem group. However, the fresh mixed Endocem group had significantly less cell viability. The cells exposed to ProRoot MTA and Angelus MTA showed the highest viability, whereas the cells exposed to Super EBA displayed the lowest viability (p < 0.05). Conclusions The cytotoxicity of the pozzolan cement (Endocem) was comparable with ProRoot MTA and Angelus MTA. Considering the difficult manipulation and long setting time of ProRoot MTA and Angelus MTA, Endocem can be used as the alternative of retrofilling material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minju Song
- Department of Conservative Dentistry Gangnam Severance Dental Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tae-Sun Yoon
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue-Youn Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
| | - Euiseong Kim
- Microscope Center, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea
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A comparative study on root canal repair materials: a cytocompatibility assessment in L929 and MG63 cells. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:463826. [PMID: 24526893 PMCID: PMC3913516 DOI: 10.1155/2014/463826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytocompatibility of repair materials plays a significant role in the success of root canal repair. We conducted a comparative study on the cytocompatibility among iRoot BP Plus, iRoot FS, ProRoot MTA, and Super-EBA in L929 cells and MG63 cells. The results revealed that iRoot FS was able to completely solidify within 1 hour. iRoot BP Plus required 7-day incubation, which was much longer than expected (2 hours), to completely set. ProRoot MTA and Super-EBA exhibited a similar setting duration of 12 hours. All the materials except Super-EBA possessed negligible in vitro cytotoxicity. iRoot FS had the best cell adhesion capacity in both L929 and MG63 cells. With rapid setting, negligible cytotoxicity, and enhanced cell adhesion capacity, iRoot FS demonstrated great potential in clinical applications. Future work should focus on longer-term in vitro cytocompatibility and an in vivo assessment.
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M2 macrophages participate in the biological tissue healing reaction to mineral trioxide aggregate. J Endod 2013; 40:379-83. [PMID: 24565656 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study examined the protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of molecules associated with M2 (wound healing) macrophages in mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)-implanted rat subcutaneous tissue to elucidate the involvement of M2 macrophages in the connective tissue response to MTA. METHODS Silicone tubes containing freshly mixed MTA or a calcium hydroxide cement (Life; Kerr, Romulus, MI) were subcutaneously implanted into the backs of Wistar rats. Solid silicone rods implanted in different animals served as controls. The specimens were then double immunostained for ED1 (CD68, a general macrophage marker) and ED2 (CD163, an M2 macrophage marker). Immunostaining for CD34 (a marker for vascularization and wound healing) was also performed. Expression levels of CD34, CD163, and mannose receptor c type 1 (an M2 macrophage marker) mRNAs were determined with real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS MTA-implanted subcutaneous tissues showed significant increases in the density of ED1+ED2+ macrophages beneath the implantation site and expression levels of CD163 and MMR mRNAs compared with Life-implanted and control tissues. MTA-implanted subcutaneous tissues also showed a significant increase of CD34-immunostained areas and up-regulation of CD34 mRNAs compared with Life-implanted and control tissues. CONCLUSIONS MTA implantation induced the accumulation of M2 macrophage marker (ED2)-expressing macrophages and enhanced the expression of M2 macrophage marker genes. MTA implantation also enhanced the expression of CD34, suggesting acceleration of the healing/tissue repair process. Taken together, biological connective tissue response to MTA may involve wound healing/tissue repair processes involving M2 macrophages.
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In Vitro Screening of the Apatite-Forming Ability, Biointeractivity and Physical Properties of a Tricalcium Silicate Material for Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry. Dent J (Basel) 2013. [DOI: 10.3390/dj1040041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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49
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Vitti RP, Prati C, Sinhoreti MAC, Zanchi CH, Souza e Silva MG, Ogliari FA, Piva E, Gandolfi MG. Chemical–physical properties of experimental root canal sealers based on butyl ethylene glycol disalicylate and MTA. Dent Mater 2013; 29:1287-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Woo SM, Hwang YC, Lim HS, Choi NK, Kim SH, Kim WJ, Kim SM, Jung JY. Effect of Nifedipine on the Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells Cultured with Mineral Trioxide Aggregate. J Endod 2013; 39:801-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2012.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2012] [Revised: 12/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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