Bioinformatics-Based Approaches Predict That MIR-17-5P Functions in the Pathogenesis of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Through Regulating ABCA1 and CD69

Cpeb4-mediated Dclk2 promotes neuronal pyroptosis induced by chronic cerebral ischemia through phosphorylation of Ehf

Chronic cerebral ischemia (CCI) is a clinical syndrome characterised by brain dysfunction due to decreased chronic cerebral perfusion. CCI initiates several inflammatory pathways, including pyroptosis. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play important roles in CCI. This study aimed to explore whether the interaction between RBP-Cpeb4 and Dclk2 affected Ehf phosphorylation to regulate neuronal pyroptosis. HT22 cells and mice were used to construct oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD)/CCI models. We found that Cpeb4 and Dclk2 were upregulated in OGD-treated HT22 cells and CCI-induced hippocampal CA1 tissues. Cpeb4 upregulated Dclk2 expression by increasing Dclk2 mRNA stability. Knockdown of Cpeb4 or Dclk2 inhibited neuronal pyroptosis in OGD-treated HT22 cells and CCI-induced hippocampal CA1 tissues. By binding to the promoter regions of Caspase1 and Caspase3, the transcription factor Ehf reduced their promoter activities and inhibited the transcription. Dclk2 phosphorylated Ehf and changed its nucleoplasmic distribution, resulting in the exit of p-Ehf from the nucleus and decreased Ehf levels. It promoted the expression of Caspase1 and Caspase3 and stimulated neuronal pyroptosis of HT22 cells induced by OGD. Cpeb4/Dclk2/Ehf pathway plays an important role in the regulation of cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal pyroptosis.

Advances in noncoding RNA in children allergic rhinitis

BACKGROUND

A chronic condition that significantly reduces a child's quality of life is allergic rhinitis (AR). The environment and allergens that the body is regularly exposed to can cause inflammatory and immunological reactions, which can change the expression of certain genes Epigenetic changes are closely linked to the onset and severity of allergy disorders according to mounting amounts of data. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules that cannot be converted into polypeptides. The three main categories of ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). NcRNAs play a crucial role in controlling gene expression and contribute to the development of numerous human diseases.

METHODS

Articles are selected based on Pubmed's literature review and the author's personal knowledge. The largest and highest quality studies were included. The search selection is not standardized.

RESULTS

Recent findings indicate that various categories of ncRNAs play distinct yet interconnected roles and actively contribute to intricate gene regulatory networks.

CONCLUSION

This article demonstrates the significance and progress of ncRNAs in children's AR. The database covers three key areas: miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. Additionally, potential avenues for future research to facilitate the practical application of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers will be explore.

Decoding the genetic landscape of allergic rhinitis: a comprehensive network analysis revealing key genes and potential therapeutic targets

BACKGROUND

Allergic Rhinitis (AR), an inflammatory affliction impacting the upper respiratory tract, has been registering a substantial surge in incidence across the globe.

METHODS

We embarked on examination of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA). With this armory of genes identified, we engaged the tools of Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Our study continued with the establishment of a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the application of LASSO regression. Finally, we leveraged a docking model to elucidate potential drug-gene interactions involving these key genes.

RESULTS

Through WGCNA and different express genes screening, PPI network was performed, identifying top 20 key genes, including CD44, CD69, CD274. LASSO regression identified three independent factors, STARD5, CST1, and CHAC1, that were significantly associated with AR. A predictive model was developed with an AUC value over 0.75. Also, 105 potential therapeutic agents were discovered, including Fluorouracil, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, and Hydrocortisone, offering promising therapeutic strategies for AR.

CONCLUSION

By fuzing DEGs with key genes derived from WGCNA, this study has illuminated a comprehensive network of gene interactions involved in the pathogenesis of AR, paving the way for future biomarker and therapeutic target discovery in AR.

The Role of Noncoding RNA in Airway Allergic Diseases through Regulation of T Cell Subsets

Allergic rhinitis and asthma are common airway allergic diseases, the incidence of which has increased annually in recent years. The human body is frequently exposed to allergens and environmental irritants that trigger immune and inflammatory responses, resulting in altered gene expression. Mounting evidence suggested that epigenetic alterations were strongly associated with the progression and severity of allergic diseases. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcribed RNA molecules that cannot be translated into polypeptides and consist of three major categories, microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). Previous studies showed that ncRNAs were involved in the physiopathological mechanisms of airway allergic diseases and contributed to their occurrence and development. This article reviews the current state of understanding of the role of noncoding RNAs in airway allergic diseases, highlights the limitations of recent studies, and outlines the prospects for further research to facilitate the clinical translation of noncoding RNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers.

Identification of gene biomarkers with expression profiles in patients with allergic rhinitis

Background

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an upper respiratory tract inflammation disease caused by IgE-mediated reactions against inhaled allergens. The incidence of AR is significantly increasing throughout the world. Hence, more specific, and sensitive gene biomarkers and understanding the underlying pathways are necessary to further explore the AR pathogenesis.

Objective

To identify gene biomarkers in nasal mucosa and in blood from AR patients which could be used in AR diagnosis.

Methods

The gene expression profiles of GSE43523 from nasal epithelial cells and GSE75011 from Th2-enriched CD4+ T cells in blood were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were conducted to investigate the functional changes of genes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic values of the hub genes. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was performed to validate the hub genes.

Results

Significant differentially enriched gene signatures in AR patients were identified in nasal epithelial cells (n-DEGs) and in blood (t-DEGs). Signatures associated with axoneme, extracellular matrix, collagen fibril organization, cell motility, calcium ion binding, and so on were more enriched in n-DEGs, whereas signatures associated with TNF signaling pathway, detoxification of inorganic compound, and cellular response to corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulus were enriched in t-DEGs. In addition, we identified 8 hub genes and 14 hub genes from n-DEGs and t-DEGs, respectively. The combination of POSTN in nasal mucosa and PENK and CDC25A in blood was constructed with a good AR predicting performance. The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC curve of 3 hub genes’ combination was 0.98 for AR diagnosis.

Conclusion

This study utilized gene expression profiles and RT-qPCR validation on nasal mucosa and blood from AR patients to investigate the potential biomarkers for AR diagnosis.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13223-022-00656-4.

Recent advances in the regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 by lncRNAs

Coronary heart disease (CHD) with atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death worldwide. ABCA1 and ABCG1 promote cholesterol efflux to suppress foam cell generation and reduce atherosclerosis development. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a unique group of RNA transcripts that longer than 200 nucleotides and have no protein-coding potential. Many studies have found that lncRNAs regulate cholesterol efflux to influence atherosclerosis development. ABCA1 is regulated by different lncRNAs, including MeXis, GAS5, TUG1, MEG3, MALAT1, Lnc-HC, RP5-833A20.1, LOXL1-AS1, CHROME, DAPK1-IT1, SIRT1 AS lncRNA, DYNLRB2-2, DANCR, LeXis, LOC286367, and LncOR13C9. ABCG1 is also regulated by different lncRNAs, including TUG1, GAS5, RP5-833A20.1, DYNLRB2-2, ENST00000602558.1, and AC096664.3. Thus, various lncRNAs are associated with the roles of ABCA1 and ABCG1 on cholesterol efflux in atherosclerosis regulation. However, some lncRNAs play dual roles in ABCA1 expression and atherosclerosis, and the functions of some lncRNAs in atherosclerosis have not been investigated in vivo. In this article, we review the roles of lncRNAs in atherosclerosis and focus on new insights into lncRNAs associated with the roles of ABCA1 and ABCG1 on cholesterol efflux and the potential of these lncRNAs as novel therapeutic targets in atherosclerosis.

Protective Effect of Circular RNA (CircRNA) Ddx17 in Ovalbumin (OVA)-Induced Allergic Rhinitis (AR) Mice

Background

CircRNAs are involved in multiple biological processes, especially when they act as sponges of miRNA. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of circDdx17 on allergic rhinitis (AR) in an animal model, and determined the miRNA that was involved in this effect.

Material/Methods

The AR model was created by repetitive stimulation of ovalbumin (OVA). The levels of mRNAs in plasma were determined by qPCR. CircDdx17 stability was assessed using RNase R. The interaction between circDdx17 and miR-17-5p was predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed by dual luciferase assay. Moreover, the frequencies of rubbing and sneezing and pathological changes were recorded, and OVA-specific IgE, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-5 levels were detected by ELISA.

Results

Levels of circDdx17 were decreased in OVA-induced AR mice, and miR-17-5p interacted with circDdx17 in spleen cells derived from mice. Moreover, circDdx17 overexpression reduced the expression of miR-17-5p, OVA-specific IgE, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-5, as well as the frequencies of rubbing and sneezing, and alleviated pathological changes in OVA-induced AR mice.

Conclusions

CircDdx17 appears to have a protective effect on mice in the progression of AR. Specifically, overexpression of circDdx17 inhibited the expression of miR-17-5p and alleviated the condition of AR. Therefore, circDdx17 appears to be a good candidate for use in prevention of AR. However, the detailed mechanism underlying the circDdx17/miR-17-5p regulatory pathway requires further study.