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Carriero VC, Di Muzio L, Petralito S, Casadei MA, Paolicelli P. Cryogel Scaffolds for Tissue-Engineering: Advances and Challenges for Effective Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. Gels 2023; 9:979. [PMID: 38131965 PMCID: PMC10742915 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Critical-sized bone defects and articular cartilage injuries resulting from trauma, osteonecrosis, or age-related degeneration can be often non-healed by physiological repairing mechanisms, thus representing a relevant clinical issue due to a high epidemiological incidence rate. Novel tissue-engineering approaches have been proposed as an alternative to common clinical practices. This cutting-edge technology is based on the combination of three fundamental components, generally referred to as the tissue-engineering triad: autologous or allogenic cells, growth-stimulating factors, and a scaffold. Three-dimensional polymer networks are frequently used as scaffolds to allow cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. In particular, cryogels give promising results for this purpose, thanks to their peculiar properties. Cryogels are indeed characterized by an interconnected porous structure and a typical sponge-like behavior, which facilitate cellular infiltration and ingrowth. Their composition and the fabrication procedure can be appropriately tuned to obtain scaffolds that match the requirements of a specific tissue or organ to be regenerated. These features make cryogels interesting and promising scaffolds for the regeneration of different tissues, including those characterized by very complex mechanical and physical properties, such as bones and joints. In this review, state-of-the-art fabrication and employment of cryogels for supporting effective osteogenic or chondrogenic differentiation to allow for the regeneration of functional tissues is reported. Current progress and challenges for the implementation of this technology in clinical practice are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Patrizia Paolicelli
- Department of Drug Chemistry and Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (V.C.C.); (L.D.M.); (S.P.); (M.A.C.)
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Pan Y, Jiang Z, Ye Y, Zhu D, Li N, Yang G, Wang Y. Role and Mechanism of BMP4 in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Ann Biomed Eng 2023:10.1007/s10439-023-03173-6. [PMID: 37014581 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is emerging as a promising cytokine for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. BMP4 has been shown to promote the regeneration of teeth, periodontal tissue, bone, cartilage, the thymus, hair, neurons, nucleus pulposus, and adipose tissue, as well as the formation of skeletal myotubes and vessels. BMP4 can also contribute to the formation of tissues in the heart, lung, and kidney. However, there are certain deficiencies, including the insufficiency of the mechanism of BMP4 in some fields and an appropriate carrier of BMP4 for clinical use. There has also been a lack of in vivo experiments and orthotopic transplantation studies in some fields. BMP4 has great distance from the clinical application. Therefore, there are many BMP4-related studies waiting to be explored. This review mainly discusses the effects, mechanisms, and applications of BMP4 in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering over the last 10 years in various domains and possible improvements. BMP4 has shown great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The research of BMP4 has broad development space and great value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Pan
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuer Ye
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Na Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Zhu Z, Huang F, Jiang Y, Ruan S, Liu M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Chen J, Cui Y, Chen Z, Chen H, Zeng F. OLMALINC/OCT4/BMP2 axis enhances osteogenic-like phenotype of renal interstitial fibroblasts to participate in Randall's plaque formation. Mol Med 2022; 28:162. [PMID: 36581839 PMCID: PMC9798568 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00576-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Randall's plaques (RP) are identified as anchored sites for kidney calcium oxalate stones, but the mechanism remains unclear. Given the importance of osteogenic-like cells in RP formation and OCT4 in reprogramming differentiated cells to osteoblasts, the current study explored the potential role of OCT4 in RP formation. METHODS OCT4 and biomineralization were evaluated in RP, and immunofluorescence co-staining was performed to identify these cells with alteration of OCT4 and osteogenic markers. Based on the analysis of tissue, we further investigated the mechanism of OCT4 in regulating osteogenic-like differentiation of primary human renal interstitial fibroblasts (hRIFs) in vitro and vivo. RESULTS We identified the upregulated OCT4 in RP, with a positive correlation to osteogenic markers. Interestingly, fibroblast marker Vimentin was partially co-localized with upregulated OCT4 and osteogenic markers in RP. Further investigations revealed that OCT4 significantly enhanced the osteogenic-like phenotype of hRIFs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, OCT4 directly bound to BMP2 promoter and facilitated its CpG island demethylation to transcriptionally promote BMP2 expression. Furthermore, combination of RIP and RNA profiling uncovered that lncRNA OLMALINC physically interacted with OCT4 to promote its stabilization via disrupting the ubiquitination. Additionally, OLMALINC was upregulated in fibroblasts in RP visualized by FISH, and a positive correlation was revealed between OLMALINC and OCT4 in RP. CONCLUSIONS The upregulation of OCT4 in hRIFs was a pathological feature of RP formation, and OLMALINC/OCT4/BMP2 axis facilitated hRIFs to acquire osteogenic-like phenotype under osteogenic conditions, through which the pathway might participate in RP formation. Our findings opened up a new avenue to better understand RP formation in which osteogenic-like process was partially triggered by lncRNAs and pluripotency maintenance related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zewu Zhu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China ,grid.47100.320000000419368710Department of Internal Medicine, Section Endocrinology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT USA
| | - Fang Huang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Yingcheng Jiang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Shuhao Ruan
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Minghui Liu
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Youjie Zhang
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Yongchao Li
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Jinbo Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Yu Cui
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Hequn Chen
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
| | - Feng Zeng
- grid.216417.70000 0001 0379 7164Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008 Hunan China
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Kim SHL, Cho S, Kim S, Kwon J, Lee J, Koh RH, Park JH, Lee H, Park TH, Hwang NS. Cellular direct conversion by cell penetrable OCT4-30Kc19 protein and BMP4 growth factor. Biomater Res 2022; 26:33. [PMID: 35836274 PMCID: PMC9281139 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of patients suffering from osteoporosis is increasing as the elderly population increases. The demand for investigating bone regeneration strategies naturally arises. One of the approaches to induce bone regeneration is somatic cell transdifferentiation. Among the transcriptional regulators for transdifferentiation, octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) is famous for its role in the regulation of pluripotency of stem cells. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is another factor that is known to have a significant role in osteogenic differentiation. Previous studies have achieved transdifferentiation of cells into osteoblasts using viral and plasmid deliveries of these factors. Although these methods are efficient, viral and plasmid transfection have safety issues such as permanent gene incorporations and bacterial DNA insertions. Herein, we developed a cell penetrating protein-based strategy to induce transdifferentiation of endothelial cells into osteoblasts via nuclear delivery of OCT4 recombinant protein combined with the BMP4 treatment. For the nuclear delivery of OCT4 protein, we fused the protein with 30Kc19, a cell-penetrating and protein stabilizing protein derived from a silkworm hemolymph of Bombyx mori with low cytotoxic properties. This study proposes a promising cell-based therapy without any safety issues that existing transdifferentiation approaches had. Methods OCT4-30Kc19 protein with high penetrating activities and stability was synthesized for a protein-based osteogenic transdifferentiation system. Cells were treated with OCT4-30Kc19 and BMP4 to evaluate their cellular penetrating activity, cytotoxicity, osteogenic and angiogenic potentials in vitro. The osteogenic potential of 3D cell spheroids was also analyzed. In addition, in vivo cell delivery into subcutaneous tissue and cranial defect model was performed. Results OCT4-30Kc19 protein was produced in a soluble and stable form. OCT4-30Kc19 efficiently penetrated cells and were localized in intracellular compartments and the nucleus. Cells delivered with OCT4-30Kc19 protein combined with BMP4 showed increased osteogenesis, both in 2D and 3D culture, and showed increased angiogenesis capacity in vitro. Results from in vivo subcutaneous tissue delivery of cell-seeded scaffolds confirmed enhanced osteogenic properties of transdifferentiated HUVECs via treatment with both OCT4-30Kc19 and BMP4. In addition, in vivo mouse cranial defect experiment demonstrated successful bone regeneration of HUVECs pretreated with both OCT4-30Kc19 and BMP4. Conclusions Using a protein-based transdifferentiation method allows an alternative approach without utilizing any genetic modification strategies, thus providing a possibility for safer use of cell-based therapies in clinical applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40824-022-00280-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Standford University, 450 Serra Mall, Standford, 94305, USA
| | - Sungwoo Cho
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon, 24321, Republic of Korea
| | - Rachel H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Max/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon, 24321, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajin Lee
- School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Uppthera, BRC Laboratory, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Max/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Max/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Seeded on a Biomimetic Spongiosa-like Scaffold: Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Delivery by Overexpressing Fascia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052712. [PMID: 35269855 PMCID: PMC8911081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) have the capacity for osteogenic differentiation and, in combination with suitable biomaterials and growth factors, the regeneration of bone defects. In order to differentiate hADSCs into the osteogenic lineage, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been proven to be highly effective, especially when expressed locally by route of gene transfer, providing a constant stimulus over an extended period of time. However, the creation of genetically modified hADSCs is laborious and time-consuming, which hinders clinical translation of the approach. Instead, expedited single-surgery gene therapy strategies must be developed. Therefore, in an in vitro experiment, we evaluated a novel growth factor delivery system, comprising adenoviral BMP-2 transduced fascia tissue in terms of BMP-2 release kinetics and osteogenic effects, on hADSCs seeded on an innovative biomimetic spongiosa-like scaffold. As compared to direct BMP-2 transduction of hADSCs or addition of recombinant BMP-2, overexpressing fascia provided a more uniform, constant level of BMP-2 over 30 days. Despite considerably higher BMP-2 peak levels in the comparison groups, delivery by overexpressing fascia led to a strong osteogenic response of hADSCs. The use of BMP-2 transduced fascia in combination with hADSCs may evolve into an expedited single-surgery gene transfer approach to bone repair.
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Lee SS, Laganenka L, Du X, Hardt WD, Ferguson SJ. Silicon Nitride, a Bioceramic for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Reinforced Cryogel System With Antibiofilm and Osteogenic Effects. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:794586. [PMID: 34976982 PMCID: PMC8714913 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.794586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon nitride (SiN [Si3N4]) is a promising bioceramic for use in a wide variety of orthopedic applications. Over the past decades, it has been mainly used in industrial applications, such as space shuttle engines, but not in the medical field due to scarce data on the biological effects of SiN. More recently, it has been increasingly identified as an emerging material for dental and orthopedic implant applications. Although a few reports about the antibacterial properties and osteoconductivity of SiN have been published to date, there have been limited studies of SiN-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Here, we developed a silicon nitride reinforced gelatin/chitosan cryogel system (SiN-GC) by loading silicon nitride microparticles into a gelatin/chitosan cryogel (GC), with the aim of producing a biomimetic scaffold with antibiofilm and osteogenic properties. In this scaffold system, the GC component provides a hydrophilic and macroporous environment for cells, while the SiN component not only provides antibacterial properties and osteoconductivity but also increases the mechanical stiffness of the scaffold. This provides enhanced mechanical support for the defect area and a better osteogenic environment. First, we analyzed the scaffold characteristics of SiN-GC with different SiN concentrations, followed by evaluation of its apatite-forming capacity in simulated body fluid and protein adsorption capacity. We further confirmed an antibiofilm effect of SiN-GC against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as well as enhanced cell proliferation, mineralization, and osteogenic gene upregulation for MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells. Finally, we developed a bioreactor to culture cell-laden scaffolds under cyclic compressive loading to mimic physiological conditions and were able to demonstrate improved mineralization and osteogenesis from SiN-GC. Overall, we confirmed the antibiofilm and osteogenic effect of a silicon nitride reinforced cryogel system, and the results indicate that silicon nitride as a biomaterial system component has a promising potential to be developed further for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seunghun S. Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leanid Laganenka
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Xiaoyu Du
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
- Department of Biology, Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen J. Ferguson
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Wartenberg A, Weisser J, Schnabelrauch M. Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cryogels as Scaffolds for Cell Cultivation and Tissue Regeneration. Molecules 2021; 26:5597. [PMID: 34577067 PMCID: PMC8466427 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryogels are a class of macroporous, interconnective hydrogels polymerized at sub-zero temperatures forming mechanically robust, elastic networks. In this review, latest advances of cryogels containing mainly glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) or composites of GAGs and other natural or synthetic polymers are presented. Cryogels produced in this way correspond to the native extracellular matrix (ECM) in terms of both composition and molecular structure. Due to their specific structural feature and in addition to an excellent biocompatibility, GAG-based cryogels have several advantages over traditional GAG-hydrogels. This includes macroporous, interconnective pore structure, robust, elastic, and shape-memory-like mechanical behavior, as well as injectability for many GAG-based cryogels. After addressing the cryogelation process, the fabrication of GAG-based cryogels and known principles of GAG monomer crosslinking are discussed. Finally, an overview of specific GAG-based cryogels in biomedicine, mainly as polymeric scaffold material in tissue regeneration and tissue engineering-related controlled release of bioactive molecules and cells, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Wartenberg
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., Pruessingstrasse 27B, 07745 Jena, Germany;
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Zhao ZH, Ma XL, Zhao B, Tian P, Ma JX, Kang JY, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Sun L. Naringin-inlaid silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite scaffold enhances human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-based bone regeneration. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13043. [PMID: 34008897 PMCID: PMC8249788 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Large bone defects are a common, debilitating clinical condition that have substantial global health and economic burden. Bone tissue engineering technology has become one of the most promising approaches for regenerating defective bones. In this study, we fabricated a naringin-inlaid composite silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (NG/SF/HAp) scaffold to repair bone defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The salt-leaching technology was used to fabricate the NG/SF/HAp scaffold. The cytocompatibility of the NG/SF/HAp scaffold was assessed using scanning electron microscopy, live/dead cell staining and phalloidin staining. The osteogenic and angiogenic properties were assessed in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The porous NG/SF/HAp scaffold had a well-designed biomimetic porous structure with osteoinductive and angiogenic activities. A gene microarray identified 854 differentially expressed genes between human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) cultured on SF-nHAp scaffolds and cells cultured on NG/SF/HAp scaffolds. The underlying osteoblastic mechanism was investigated using hUCMSCs in vitro. Naringin facilitated hUCMSC ingrowth into the SF/HAp scaffold and promoted osteogenic differentiation. The osteogenic and angiogenic capabilities of cells cultured in the NG/SF/HAp scaffold were superior to those of cells cultured in the SF/HAp scaffold. CONCLUSIONS The data indicate the potential of the SF/HAp composite scaffold incorporating naringin for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Hu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin-Long Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian-Xiong Ma
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia-Yu Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Orthopedics in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Hu Y, Zhao QW, Wang ZC, Fang QQ, Zhu H, Hong DS, Liang XG, Lou D, Tan WQ. Co-transfection with BMP2 and FGF2 via chitosan nanoparticles potentiates osteogenesis in human adipose-derived stromal cells in vitro. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:300060521997679. [PMID: 33769121 PMCID: PMC8166400 DOI: 10.1177/0300060521997679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate if co-transfection of human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2, BMP2) and human fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2, FGF2) via chitosan nanoparticles promotes osteogenesis in human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS Recombinant BMP2 and/or FGF2 expression vectors were constructed and packaged into chitosan nanoparticles. The chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by atomic force microscopy. Gene and protein expression levels of BMP-2 and FGF2 in ADSCs in vitro were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Osteocalcin (OCN) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) gene expression were also evaluated by real-time PCR to assess osteogenesis. RESULTS The prepared chitosan nanoparticles were spherical with a relatively homogenous size distribution. The BMP2 and FGF2 vectors were successfully transfected into ADSCs. BMP-2 and FGF2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly up-regulated in the co-transfection group compared with the control group. OCN and BSP mRNA levels were also significantly increased in the co-transfection group compared with cells transfected with BMP2 or FGF2 alone, suggesting that co-transfection significantly enhanced osteogenesis. CONCLUSIONS Co-transfection of human ADSCs with BMP2/FGF2 via chitosan nanoparticles efficiently promotes the osteogenic properties of ADSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing-Wei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zheng-Cai Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Qing-Qing Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Dong-Sheng Hong
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xing-Guang Liang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Dong Lou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Wei-Qiang Tan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
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10
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Lee SS, Kim JH, Jeong J, Kim SHL, Koh RH, Kim I, Bae S, Lee H, Hwang NS. Sequential growth factor releasing double cryogel system for enhanced bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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