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Kang Y, Na J, Karima G, Amirthalingam S, Hwang NS, Kim HD. Mesenchymal Stem Cell Spheroids: A Promising Tool for Vascularized Tissue Regeneration. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024:10.1007/s13770-024-00636-2. [PMID: 38578424 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are undifferentiated cells that can differentiate into specific cell lineages when exposed to the right conditions. The ability of MSCs to differentiate into particular cells is considered very important in biological research and clinical applications. MSC spheroids are clusters of MSCs cultured in three dimensions, which play an important role in enhancing the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. MSCs can also participate in vascular formation by differentiating into endothelial cells and secreting paracrine factors. Vascularization ability is essential in impaired tissue repair and function recovery. Therefore, the vascularization ability of MSCs, which enhances angiogenesis and accelerates tissue healing has made MSCs a promising tool for tissue regeneration. However, MSC spheroids are a relatively new research field, and more research is needed to understand their full potential. METHODS In this review, we highlight the importance of MSC spheroids' vascularization ability in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine while providing the current status of studies on the MSC spheroids' vascularization and suggesting potential future research directions for MSC spheroids. RESULTS Studies both in vivo and in vitro have demonstrated MSC spheroids' capacity to develop into endothelial cells and stimulate vasculogenesis. CONCLUSION MSC spheroids show potential to enhance vascularization ability in tissue regeneration. Yet, further research is required to comprehensively understand the relationship between MSC spheroids and vascularization mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonjoo Kang
- Department of IT Convergence (Brain Korea Plus 21), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinwoo Na
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, 50 Daehak-ro, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Gul Karima
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, 50 Daehak-ro, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan D Kim
- Department of IT Convergence (Brain Korea Plus 21), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, 50 Daehak-ro, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea.
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Kim BS, Kim JU, Lee J, Ryu KM, Kim SH, Hwang NS. Decellularized brain extracellular matrix based NGF-releasing cryogel for brain tissue engineering in traumatic brain injury. J Control Release 2024; 368:140-156. [PMID: 38373473 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injuries(TBI) pose significant challenges to human health, specifically neurological disorders and related motor activities. After TBI, the injured neuronal tissue is known for hardly regenerated and recovered to their normal neuron physiology and tissue compositions. For this reason, tissue engineering strategies that promote neuronal regeneration have gained increasing attention. This study explored the development of a novel neural tissue regeneration cryogel by combining brain-derived decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) with heparin sulfate crosslinking that can perform nerve growth factor (NGF) release ability. Morphological and mechanical characterizations of the cryogels were performed to assess their suitability as a neural regeneration platform. After that, the heparin concnentration dependent effects of varying NGF concentrations on cryogel were investigated for their controlled release and impact on neuronal cell differentiation. The results revealed a direct correlation between the concentration of released NGF and the heparin sulfate ratio in cryogel, indicating that the cryogel can be tailored to carry higher loads of NGF with heparin concentration in cryogel that induced higher neuronal cell differentiation ratio. Furthermore, the study evaluated the NGF loaded cryogels on neuronal cell proliferation and brain tissue regeneration in vivo. The in vivo results suggested that the NGF loaded brain ECM derived cryogel significantly affects the regeneration of brain tissue. Overall, this research contributes to the development of advanced neural tissue engineering strategies and provides valuable insights into the design of regenerative cryogels that can be customized for specific therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Seok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewoo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Ryu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Kim BS, Kim JU, Lee JW, Ryu KM, Koh RH, So KH, Hwang NS. Comparative analysis of supercritical fluid-based and chemical-based decellularization techniques for nerve tissue regeneration. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1847-1863. [PMID: 38411258 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm02072j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Axon regeneration and Schwann cell proliferation are critical processes in the repair and functional recovery of damaged neural tissues. Biomaterials can play a crucial role in facilitating cell proliferative processes that can significantly impact the target tissue repair. Chemical decellularization and supercritical fluid-based decellularization methods are similar approaches that eliminate DNA from native tissues for tissue-mimetic biomaterial production by using different solvents and procedures to achieve the final products. In this study, we conducted a comparative analysis of these two methods in the context of nerve regeneration and neuron cell differentiation efficiency. We evaluated the efficacy of each method in terms of biomaterial quality, preservation of extracellular matrix components, promotion of neuronal cell differentiation and nerve tissue repair ability in vivo. Our results indicate that while both methods produce high-quality biomaterials, supercritical fluid-based methods have several advantages over conventional chemical decellularization, including better preservation of extracellular matrix components and mechanical properties and superior promotion of cellular responses. We conclude that supercritical fluid-based methods show great promise for biomaterial production for nerve regeneration and neuron cell differentiation applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Seok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Woo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Min Ryu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Rachel H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ha So
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee J, Lee SG, Kim BS, Park S, Sundaram MN, Kim BG, Kim CY, Hwang NS. Paintable Decellularized-ECM Hydrogel for Preventing Cardiac Tissue Damage. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2307353. [PMID: 38502886 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The tissue-specific heart decellularized extracellular matrix (hdECM) demonstrates a variety of therapeutic advantages, including fibrosis reduction and angiogenesis. Consequently, recent research for myocardial infarction (MI) therapy has utilized hdECM with various delivery techniques, such as injection or patch implantation. In this study, a novel approach for hdECM delivery using a wet adhesive paintable hydrogel is proposed. The hdECM-containing paintable hydrogel (pdHA_t) is simply applied, with no theoretical limit to the size or shape, making it highly beneficial for scale-up. Additionally, pdHA_t exhibits robust adhesion to the epicardium, with a minimal swelling ratio and sufficient adhesion strength for MI treatment when applied to the rat MI model. Moreover, the adhesiveness of pdHA_t can be easily washed off to prevent undesired adhesion with nearby organs, such as the rib cages and lungs, which can result in stenosis. During the 28 days of in vivo analysis, the pdHA_t not only facilitates functional regeneration by reducing ventricular wall thinning but also promotes neo-vascularization in the MI region. In conclusion, the pdHA_t presents a promising strategy for MI treatment and cardiac tissue regeneration, offering the potential for improved patient outcomes and enhanced cardiac function post-MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaewoo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul-Gi Lee
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Seok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- Research Division, EGC Therapeutics, Seoul, 08790, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinhye Park
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - M Nivedhitha Sundaram
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- Research Division, EGC Therapeutics, Seoul, 08790, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute for Sustainable Development (ISD), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - C-Yoon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Sittipo P, Anggradita LD, Kim H, Lee C, Hwang NS, Lee YK, Hwang Y. Cell Surface Modification-Mediated Primary Intestinal Epithelial Cell Culture Platforms for Assessing Host-Microbiota Interactions. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0004. [PMID: 38327615 PMCID: PMC10845607 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) play a crucial role in regulating the symbiotic relationship between the host and the gut microbiota, thereby allowing them to modulate barrier function, mucus production, and aberrant inflammation. Despite their importance, establishing an effective ex vivo culture method for supporting the prolonged survival and function of primary IECs remains challenging. Here, we aim to develop a novel strategy to support the long-term survival and function of primary IECs in response to gut microbiota by employing mild reduction of disulfides on the IEC surface proteins with tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine. Methods: Recognizing the crucial role of fibroblast-IEC crosstalk, we employed a cell surface modification strategy, establishing layer-to-layer contacts between fibroblasts and IECs. This involved combining negatively charged chondroitin sulfate on cell surfaces with a positively charged chitosan thin film between cells, enabling direct intercellular transfer. Validation included assessments of cell viability, efficiency of dye transfer, and IEC function upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Results: Our findings revealed that the layer-by-layer co-culture platform effectively facilitates the transfer of small molecules through gap junctions, providing vital support for the viability and function of primary IECs from both the small intestine and colon for up to 5 days, as evident by the expression of E-cadherin and Villin. Upon LPS treatment, these IECs exhibited a down-regulation of Villin and tight junction genes, such as E-cadherin and Zonula Occludens-1, when compared to their nontreated counterparts. Furthermore, the transcription level of Lysozyme exhibited an increase, while Mucin 2 showed a decrease in response to LPS, indicating responsiveness to bacterial molecules. Conclusions: Our study provides a layer-by-layer-based co-culture platform to support the prolonged survival of primary IECs and their features, which is important for understanding IEC function in response to the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panida Sittipo
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Laurensia Danis Anggradita
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kim
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanyoung Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research,
Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsung Hwang
- Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-bio Science (SIMS), Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam-do 31151, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science,
Soonchunhyang University, Asan-si, Chungnam-do 31538, Republic of Korea
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Choi S, Ko J, Park SB, Kim JY, Ha JH, Roh S, An YH, Hwang NS. Double Emulsion-Mediated Delivery of Polyphenol Mixture Alleviates Atopic Dermatitis. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2300998. [PMID: 37677107 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202300998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Although the polyphenols have been studied to alleviate inflammation, there are still challenges to delivering the polyphenols with stabilized formulation due to their low water solubility and susceptibility to oxidation. Herein, the transdermal delivery system of polyphenol mixture (PM), including quercetin (Q), phloretin (P), and ellagic acid (E), is developed using double emulsion for applying to atopic dermatitis (AD). Through the in vitro anti-degranulation assay, the optimal molar ratio of each polyphenol (Q:P:E = 5:1:1) is obtained, and the PM shows at most a 43.6% reduction of degranulation of immune cells, which is the primary factor of AD. Moreover, the water-in-oil-in-water double emulsion (W/O/W) enhances the PM's stability and has a higher anti-degranulation effect than the oil-in-water emulsion (O/W). In the in vivo 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-induced mice AD model, PM reduces more AD symptoms than every single polyphenol. The PM-encapsulated W/O/W (PM_W/O/W) shows the most effectiveness in AD by decreasing dermatitis score, i.e., skin/ear thickness, mast cells, and serum IgE level. Finally, this suggests that the findings on the optimal ratio of PM and double emulsion-based delivery would be beneficial in treating AD and can be applied to other allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Bin Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo-Young Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Ha
- Department of Social Welfare, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Roh
- Cellular Reprogramming and Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Park H, Kim JU, Kim S, Hwang NS, Kim HD. Sprayable Ti 3C 2 MXene hydrogel for wound healing and drug release system. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100881. [PMID: 38161511 PMCID: PMC10755543 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Wound healing is a critical process that facilitates the body's recovery from injuries and helps prevent infections, thereby maintaining overall tissue and organ functionality. However, delayed wound healing owing to various factors can lead to bacterial infections and secondary complications. In this study, a ciprofloxacin (CIP)-loaded MXene/sodium alginate (SA) hydrogel was fabricated to inhibit bacterial infections and enhance wound healing. The hydrogel was formulated in a sprayable state by blending CIP-loaded MXene (CIP-MX) with SA. This hydrogel was found to exhibit excellent photothermal conversion capability and biocompatibility under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation. In addition, the hydrogel enabled controlled drug release based on NIR irradiation, ultimately enabling improved antibacterial activity. Based on the in vitro and in vivo experiments, the CIP-loaded MXene/SA hydrogel (CIP-MX@Gel) accelerated wound healing. Overall, the CIP-MX@Gel has excellent potential as an effective wound healing material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeongtaek Park
- Department of IT Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Soojin Kim
- Department of IT Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan D. Kim
- Department of IT Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
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Ko J, Lee MJ, Jeong W, Choi S, Shin E, An YH, Kim HJ, Lee UJ, Kim BG, Kwak SY, Hwang NS. Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Guided Topical Skin Delivery of Tyrosinase to Prevent Photoinduced Damage. ACS Nano 2023; 17:20473-20491. [PMID: 37793020 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c06846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
When the skin is exposed to ultraviolet radiation (UV), it leads to the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and results in inflammation. Subsequently, melanocytes are triggered to induce tyrosinase-mediated melanin synthesis, protecting the skin. Here, we introduce a proactive approach to protect the skin from photodamage via the topical delivery of Streptomyces avermitilis-derived tyrosinase (SaTy) using single-walled carbon nanotube (SWNT). Utilizing a reverse electrodialysis (RED) battery, we facilitated the delivery of SaTy-SWNT complexes up to depths of approximately 300 μm, as analyzed by using confocal Raman microscopy. When applied to ex vivo porcine skin and in vivo albino mouse skin, SaTy-SWNT synthesized melanin, resulting in 4-fold greater UV/vis absorption at 475 nm than in mice without SaTy-SWNT. The synthesized melanin efficiently absorbed UV light and alleviated skin inflammation. In addition, the densification of dermal collagen, achieved through SaTy-mediated cross-linking, reduced photoinduced wrinkles by 66.3% in the affected area. Our findings suggest that SWNT-mediated topical protein delivery holds promise in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Lee
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Jeong
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Subin Choi
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Shin
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Uk-Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Kwak
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Lee H, Hong J, Kim SHL, Kwon E, Park TH, Hwang NS. Bone-Targeted Delivery of Cell-Penetrating-RUNX2 Fusion Protein in Osteoporosis Model. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2301570. [PMID: 37574255 PMCID: PMC10558633 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
The onset of osteoporosis leads to a gradual decrease in bone density due to an imbalance between bone formation and resorption. To achieve optimal drug efficacy with minimal side effects, targeted drug delivery to the bone is necessary. Previous studies have utilized peptides that bind to hydroxyapatite, a mineral component of bone, for bone-targeted drug delivery. In this study, a hydroxyapatite binding (HAB) tag is fused to 30Kc19α-Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) for bone-targeting. This recombinant protein can penetrate the nucleus of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and act as a master transcription factor for osteogenesis. The HAB tag increases the binding affinity of 30Kc19α-RUNX2 to mineral deposition in mature osteoblasts and bone tissue, without affecting its osteogenic induction capability. In the osteoporosis mouse model, intravenous injection of HAB-30Kc19α-RUNX2 results in preferential accumulation in the femur and promotes bone formation while reducing toxicity in the spleen. These findings suggest that HAB-30Kc19α-RUNX2 may be a promising candidate for bone-targeted therapy in osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoyeon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Haein Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Hong
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun L. Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Euntaek Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N‐Bio InstituteInstitute of BioEngineerigSeoul National University1 Gwanakro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food ManagementEwha Womans University52, Ewhayeodae‐gil, Seodaemun‐guSeoul03760Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University1 Gwanak‐ro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N‐Bio InstituteInstitute of BioEngineerigSeoul National University1 Gwanakro, Gwanak‐guSeoul08826Republic of Korea
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10
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Koh RH, Kim J, Kim SL, Hwang NS. Corrigendum: RGD-incorporated biomimetic cryogels for hyaline cartilage regeneration (2022 Biomed. Mater.17024106). Biomed Mater 2023; 18:069503. [PMID: 37721801 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/acf4da] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-BIO Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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11
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Amirthalingam S, Rajendran AK, Moon YG, Hwang NS. Stimuli-responsive dynamic hydrogels: design, properties and tissue engineering applications. Mater Horiz 2023; 10:3325-3350. [PMID: 37387121 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh00399j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine has been evolving at a rapid pace with numerous novel and interesting biomaterials being reported. Hydrogels have come a long way in this regard and have been proven to be an excellent choice for tissue regeneration. This could be due to their innate properties such as water retention, and ability to carry and deliver a multitude of therapeutic and regenerative elements to aid in better outcomes. Over the past few decades, hydrogels have been developed into an active and attractive system that can respond to various stimuli, thereby presenting a wider control over the delivery of the therapeutic agents to the intended site in a spatiotemporal manner. Researchers have developed hydrogels that respond dynamically to a multitude of external as well as internal stimuli such as mechanics, thermal energy, light, electric field, ultrasonics, tissue pH, and enzyme levels, to name a few. This review gives a brief overview of the recent developments in such hydrogel systems which respond dynamically to various stimuli, some of the interesting fabrication strategies, and their application in cardiac, bone, and neural tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Gi Moon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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12
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Jeon S, Lee YS, Oh SR, Jeong J, Lee DH, So KH, Hwang NS. Recent advances in endocrine organoids for therapeutic application. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 199:114959. [PMID: 37301512 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The endocrine system, consisting of the hypothalamus, pituitary, endocrine glands, and hormones, plays a critical role in hormone metabolic interactions. The complexity of the endocrine system is a significant obstacle to understanding and treating endocrine disorders. Notably, advances in endocrine organoid generation allow a deeper understanding of the endocrine system by providing better comprehension of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis. Here, we highlight recent advances in endocrine organoids for a wide range of therapeutic applications, from cell transplantation therapy to drug toxicity screening, combined with development in stem cell differentiation and gene editing technologies. In particular, we provide insights into the transplantation of endocrine organoids to reverse endocrine dysfunctions and progress in developing strategies for better engraftments. We also discuss the gap between preclinical and clinical research. Finally, we provide future perspectives for research on endocrine organoids for the development of more effective treatments for endocrine disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwan Jeon
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seh Ri Oh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseong Jeong
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ha So
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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13
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Lee DY, Amirthalingam S, Lee C, Rajendran AK, Ahn YH, Hwang NS. Strategies for targeted gene delivery using lipid nanoparticles and cell-derived nanovesicles. Nanoscale Adv 2023; 5:3834-3856. [PMID: 37496613 PMCID: PMC10368001 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy is a promising approach for the treatment of many diseases. However, the effective delivery of the cargo without degradation in vivo is one of the major hurdles. With the advent of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) and cell-derived nanovesicles (CDNs), gene delivery holds a very promising future. The targeting of these nanosystems is a prerequisite for effective transfection with minimal side-effects. In this review, we highlight the emerging strategies utilized for the effective targeting of LNPs and CDNs, and we summarize the preparation methodologies for LNPs and CDNs. We have also highlighted the non-ligand targeting of LNPs toward certain organs based on their composition. It is highly expected that continuing the developments in the targeting approaches of LNPs and CDNs for the delivery system will further promote them in clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yup Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Changyub Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Ahn
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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14
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Rajendran AK, Sankar D, Amirthalingam S, Kim HD, Rangasamy J, Hwang NS. Trends in mechanobiology guided tissue engineering and tools to study cell-substrate interactions: a brief review. Biomater Res 2023; 27:55. [PMID: 37264479 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00393-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensing the mechanical properties of the substrates or the matrix by the cells and the tissues, the subsequent downstream responses at the cellular, nuclear and epigenetic levels and the outcomes are beginning to get unraveled more recently. There have been various instances where researchers have established the underlying connection between the cellular mechanosignalling pathways and cellular physiology, cellular differentiation, and also tissue pathology. It has been now accepted that mechanosignalling, alone or in combination with classical pathways, could play a significant role in fate determination, development, and organization of cells and tissues. Furthermore, as mechanobiology is gaining traction, so do the various techniques to ponder and gain insights into the still unraveled pathways. This review would briefly discuss some of the interesting works wherein it has been shown that specific alteration of the mechanical properties of the substrates would lead to fate determination of stem cells into various differentiated cells such as osteoblasts, adipocytes, tenocytes, cardiomyocytes, and neurons, and how these properties are being utilized for the development of organoids. This review would also cover various techniques that have been developed and employed to explore the effects of mechanosignalling, including imaging of mechanosensing proteins, atomic force microscopy (AFM), quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation measurements (QCMD), traction force microscopy (TFM), microdevice arrays, Spatio-temporal image analysis, optical tweezer force measurements, mechanoscanning ion conductance microscopy (mSICM), acoustofluidic interferometric device (AID) and so forth. This review would provide insights to the researchers who work on exploiting various mechanical properties of substrates to control the cellular and tissue functions for tissue engineering and regenerative applications, and also will shed light on the advancements of various techniques that could be utilized to unravel the unknown in the field of cellular mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Deepthi Sankar
- Polymeric Biomaterials Lab, School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India
| | - Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan D Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayakumar Rangasamy
- Polymeric Biomaterials Lab, School of Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, 682041, India.
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Kim SH, Shin K, Kim BG, Hwang NS, Hyeon T. Dual action of a tyrosinase-mesoporous silica nanoparticle complex for synergistic tissue adhesion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 59:94-97. [PMID: 36472163 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc05678j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bridging biological tissues for immediate adhesion and long-term sustainability was accomplished using a combination of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and tyrosinase. Tyrosinase-loaded MSNs provided rapid physical adsorption, while tyrosinase within MSNs induced enzymatic chemical bond gluing of tissues. This synergistic strategy has robust potential in tissue adhesives for clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hwan Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Dong-A University, Busan, 49315, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwangsoo Shin
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute for Sustainable Development (ISD), Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeghwan Hyeon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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16
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Bazin D, Papoular RJ, Elkaim E, Weil R, Thiaudière D, Pisapia C, Ménez B, Hwang NS, Tielens F, Livrozet M, Bouderlique E, Haymann JP, Letavernier E, Hennet L, Frochot V, Daudon M. Whitlockite structures in kidney stones indicate infectious origin: a scanning electron microscopy and Synchrotron Radiation investigation. CR CHIM 2022. [DOI: 10.5802/crchim.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Kim SHL, Cho S, Kim S, Kwon J, Lee J, Koh RH, Park JH, Lee H, Park TH, Hwang NS. Cellular direct conversion by cell penetrable OCT4-30Kc19 protein and BMP4 growth factor. Biomater Res 2022; 26:33. [PMID: 35836274 PMCID: PMC9281139 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00280-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The number of patients suffering from osteoporosis is increasing as the elderly population increases. The demand for investigating bone regeneration strategies naturally arises. One of the approaches to induce bone regeneration is somatic cell transdifferentiation. Among the transcriptional regulators for transdifferentiation, octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4) is famous for its role in the regulation of pluripotency of stem cells. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is another factor that is known to have a significant role in osteogenic differentiation. Previous studies have achieved transdifferentiation of cells into osteoblasts using viral and plasmid deliveries of these factors. Although these methods are efficient, viral and plasmid transfection have safety issues such as permanent gene incorporations and bacterial DNA insertions. Herein, we developed a cell penetrating protein-based strategy to induce transdifferentiation of endothelial cells into osteoblasts via nuclear delivery of OCT4 recombinant protein combined with the BMP4 treatment. For the nuclear delivery of OCT4 protein, we fused the protein with 30Kc19, a cell-penetrating and protein stabilizing protein derived from a silkworm hemolymph of Bombyx mori with low cytotoxic properties. This study proposes a promising cell-based therapy without any safety issues that existing transdifferentiation approaches had. Methods OCT4-30Kc19 protein with high penetrating activities and stability was synthesized for a protein-based osteogenic transdifferentiation system. Cells were treated with OCT4-30Kc19 and BMP4 to evaluate their cellular penetrating activity, cytotoxicity, osteogenic and angiogenic potentials in vitro. The osteogenic potential of 3D cell spheroids was also analyzed. In addition, in vivo cell delivery into subcutaneous tissue and cranial defect model was performed. Results OCT4-30Kc19 protein was produced in a soluble and stable form. OCT4-30Kc19 efficiently penetrated cells and were localized in intracellular compartments and the nucleus. Cells delivered with OCT4-30Kc19 protein combined with BMP4 showed increased osteogenesis, both in 2D and 3D culture, and showed increased angiogenesis capacity in vitro. Results from in vivo subcutaneous tissue delivery of cell-seeded scaffolds confirmed enhanced osteogenic properties of transdifferentiated HUVECs via treatment with both OCT4-30Kc19 and BMP4. In addition, in vivo mouse cranial defect experiment demonstrated successful bone regeneration of HUVECs pretreated with both OCT4-30Kc19 and BMP4. Conclusions Using a protein-based transdifferentiation method allows an alternative approach without utilizing any genetic modification strategies, thus providing a possibility for safer use of cell-based therapies in clinical applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40824-022-00280-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Standford University, 450 Serra Mall, Standford, 94305, USA
| | - Sungwoo Cho
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jaeyoung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon, 24321, Republic of Korea
| | - Rachel H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Max/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Hyun Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Gangwon-do, Chuncheon, 24321, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajin Lee
- School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Uppthera, BRC Laboratory, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21990, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Max/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. .,Max/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Lee EA, Kim S, Jin Y, Cho SW, Yang K, Hwang NS, Kim HD. In situ microenvironment remodeling using a dual-responsive system: photodegradable hydrogels and gene activation by visible light. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3981-3992. [PMID: 35708605 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00617k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 3D microenvironment with dynamic cell-biomaterial interactions was developed using a dual-responsive system for in situ microenvironment remodeling and control of cellular function. A visible-light-responsive polymer was utilized to prepare a hydrogel with photodegradation properties, enabling in situ microenvironment remodeling. Additionally, a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene activation unit that was responsive to the same wavelength of light was incorporated to support the potential application of the system in regenerative medicine. Following light exposure, the mechanical properties of the photodegradable hydrogel gradually deteriorated, and product analysis confirmed the degradation of the hydrogel, and thereby, 3D microenvironment remodeling. In situ microenvironment remodeling influenced stem cell proliferation and enlargement within the hydrogel. Furthermore, stem cells engineered to express light-activated VEGF and incorporated into the dual-responsive system were applied to wound healing and an ischemic hindlimb model, proving their potential application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjee A Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonhee Jin
- Department of Physiology, Yonsei University Medical College, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woo Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.,Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME), Advanced Science Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kisuk Yang
- Division of Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Bioengineering, BioMAX/N-Bio Institute of Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwan D Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea.,Department of IT-Energy Convergence BK21 Four, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
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19
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Kim H, Lee UJ, Song H, Lee J, Song WS, Noh H, Kang MH, Kim BS, Park J, Hwang NS, Kim BG. Synthesis of soluble melanin nanoparticles under acidic conditions using Burkholderia cepacia tyrosinase and their characterization. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17434-17442. [PMID: 35765459 PMCID: PMC9189705 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01276f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) used for biomedical applications are often synthesized via the chemical auto-oxidation of catecholic monomers such as dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) under alkaline conditions. However, the synthetic method for the chemical synthesis of MNP (cMNP) is relatively straightforward and more robust to control their homogenous particle size and morphology than the corresponding enzymatic synthetic methods. In this study, we demonstrated that the simple enzymatic synthesis of MNPs (eMNPs) with homogenous and soluble (<20 nm diameter) properties is possible using dopamine and Burkholderia cepacia tyrosinase (BcTy) under acidic conditions (i.e., pH 3.0). BcTy was highly reactive under pH 5.0, where the natural and chemical oxidation of catechol is complex, and thus melanin was synthesized via the hydroxylation of phenolic substrates. The detailed chemical analysis and characterization of the physical properties of the eMNPs confirmed the higher preservation of the catechol and primary amine moieties in the monomer substrate such as dopamine under acidic conditions. The eMNPs showed enhanced antioxidant activity and conferred stickiness to the formed hydrogel compared to the chemical auto-oxidation method owing to the large number of hydroxyl groups remaining such as catechol and quinone moieties. Because of these advantages and characteristics, the synthesis of MNPs using BcTy under acidic conditions can open a new path for their biomedical applications. Melanin nanoparticles (MNPs) used for biomedical applications are often synthesized via the chemical auto-oxidation of catecholic monomers such as dopamine and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) under alkaline conditions.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Uk-Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Hanbit Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongchan Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Suk Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Noh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Kang
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea.,Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea Bucheon 14662 Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Seok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Jungwon Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea .,Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea.,Bio-MAX/N-Bio, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea.,Institute for Sustainable Development (ISD), Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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20
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Rajendran AK, Amirthalingam S, Hwang NS. A brief review of mRNA therapeutics and delivery for bone tissue engineering. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8889-8900. [PMID: 35424872 PMCID: PMC8985089 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00713d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutics for bone tissue regeneration requires constant advancements owing to the steady increase in the number of patients suffering from bone-related disorders, and also to find efficient and cost-effective treatment modalities. One of the major advancements in the field of therapeutics is the development of mRNAs. mRNAs, which have been extensively tested for the vaccines, could be very well utilized as a potential inducer for bone regeneration. The ability of mRNAs to enter the cells and instruct the cellular machinery to produce the required native proteins such as BMP or VEGF is a great way to avoid the issues faced with growth factor deliveries such as the production cost, loss of biological function etc. However, there have been a few hurdles for using mRNAs as an effective therapeutic agent, such as proper dosing, tolerating the degradation by RNases, improving the half-life, controlling the spatio-temporal release and reducing the off-target effects. This brief review discusses the various developments in the field of mRNA therapeutics especially for bone tissue engineering, how nano-formulations are being developed to effectively deliver the mRNAs into the cells by evading the immune responses, how researchers have developed certain strategies to increase the half-life, to successfully deliver the mRNAs to specific bone defect area and bring about effective bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Institute for Engineering Research, Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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Sun W, Choi JH, Choi YH, Im SG, So KH, Hwang NS. VEGF-overexpressed Human Tonsil-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells with PEG/HA-based Cryogels for Therapeutic Angiogenesis. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-021-0061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Lee U, Ko J, Kim S, Lee P, An Y, Yun H, Flood DT, Dawson PE, Hwang NS, Kim B. Light-Triggered In Situ Biosynthesis of Artificial Melanin for Skin Protection. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2103503. [PMID: 34989175 PMCID: PMC8895148 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinase-mediated melanin synthesis is an essential biological process that can protect skin from UV radiation and radical species. This work reports on in situ biosynthesis of artificial melanin in native skin using photoactivatable tyrosinase (PaTy). The I41Y mutant of Streptomyces avermitilis tyrosinase (SaTy) shows enzymatic activity comparable to that of wild-type SaTy. This Y41 is replaced with photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl tyrosine (ONBY) using the introduction of amber codon and ONBY-tRNA synthetase/tRNA pairs. The ONBY efficiently blocks the active site and tyrosinase activity is rapidly recovered by the photo-cleavage of ONBY. The activated PaTy successfully oxidizes L-tyrosine and tyramine-conjugated hyaluronic acid (HA_T) to synthesize melanin particles and hydrogel, respectively. To produce artificial melanin in living tissues, PaTy is encapsulated into lipid nanoparticles as an artificial melanosome. Using liposomes containing PaTy (PaTy_Lip), PaTy is transdermally delivered into ex vivo porcine skin and in vivo mouse skin tissues, thus achieving the in situ biosynthesis of artificial melanin for skin tissue protection under UV irradiation. The results of this study demonstrate that this biomimetic system can recapitulate the biosynthetic analogs of naturally occurring melanin. It should therefore be considered to be a promising strategy for producing protective biological molecules within living systems for tissue protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uk‐Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and GeneticsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Su‐Hwan Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK 21 FOUR)Dong‐A UniversityBusan49315South Korea
| | - Pyung‐Gang Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and GeneticsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Young‐Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Bio‐MAX/N‐BioInstitute of BioEngineerigSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Hyungdon Yun
- Department of Systems BiotechnologyKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029South Korea
| | - Dillon T. Flood
- Department of ChemistryThe Scripps Research Institute10550 N. Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA92037USA
| | - Philip E. Dawson
- Department of ChemistryThe Scripps Research Institute10550 N. Torrey Pines RoadLa JollaCA92037USA
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Bio‐MAX/N‐BioInstitute of BioEngineerigSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Institute for Engineering ResearchSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
| | - Byung‐Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and GeneticsSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Bio‐MAX/N‐BioInstitute of BioEngineerigSeoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
- Institute for Sustainable Development(ISD)Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826South Korea
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Abstract
Maintaining the integrity of articular cartilage is paramount to joint health and function. Under constant mechanical stress, articular cartilage is prone to injury that often extends to the underlying subchondral bone. In this study, we incorporated arginine-aspartate-glycine (RGD) peptide into chondroitin sulfate-based cryogel for hyaline cartilage regeneration. Known to promote cell adhesion and proliferation, RGD peptide is a double-edged sword for cartilage regeneration. Depending on the peptide availability in the microenvironment, RGD may aid in redifferentiation of dedifferentiated chondrocytes by mimicking physiological cell-matrix interaction or inhibit chondrogenic phenotype via excessive cell spreading. Here, we observed an increase in chondrogenic phenotype with RGD concentration. The group containing the highest RGD concentration (3 mM; RGD group) experienced a 24-fold increase inCOL2expression in the 1st week ofin vitroculture and formed native cartilage-resembling ectopic tissuein vivo. No sign of dedifferentiation (COL1) was observed in all groups. Within the concentration range tested (0-3 mM RGD), RGD promotes chondrocyte redifferentiation after monolayer expansion and thus, formation of hyaline cartilage tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-BIO Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jisoo Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-BIO Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Park MJ, An Y, Choi YH, Kim HD, Hwang NS. Enhanced Neovascularization Using Injectable and rhVEGF‐Releasing Cryogel Microparticles. Macromol Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202170032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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25
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Park MJ, An YH, Choi YH, Kim HD, Hwang NS. Enhanced Neovascularization Using Injectable and rhVEGF-Releasing Cryogel Microparticles. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100234. [PMID: 34382323 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cryogels are gel networks or scaffolds with a large porous structure; they can be tailored for injectability and for possessing a shape-memory ability. Herein, a growth factor-releasing cryogel microparticle (CMP) system is fabricated, and the therapeutic efficacy of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF)-loaded CMP (V-CMP) for neovascularization is investigated. To prepare the cryogels, both methacrylated chitosan (Chi-MA) and methacrylated chondroitin sulfate (CS-MA) are used, and crosslinking using a radical crosslinking reaction is established. The physical, mechanical, and biological properties of the cryogels are analyzed by varying the amount of CS-MA used. The cryogels are then pulverized, and microsized CMPs are fabricated. CMPs dispersed in saline demonstrate a shear-thinning property, and can thus be extruded through a 23G needle. Additionally, V-CMP exhibit a sustained release profile of rhVEGF and enhance the in vitro proliferation of endothelial cells. Finally, neovascularization and effective tissue necrosis prevention are observed when V-CMPs are injected into a hindlimb ischemia mouse model. Thus, the injectable V-CMP system developed herein demonstrates a high potential utility in various tissue regeneration applications based on cell or growth factor delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihn Jeong Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan D Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kim H, Lee ES, Kim J, Kim HD, Hwang NS. A cell surface-reducing microenvironment induces early osteogenic commitment. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:2147-2159. [PMID: 34245002 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stem cell-based therapy has been highlighted as a potential avenue to promote tissue regeneration, where stimulation of stem cells to differentiate into the targeted cell type is essential. One of the factors that induce stem cells to differentiate is their surrounding microenvironment. In this study, the correlation between mild reductant and early osteogenic commitment was evaluated. A cell surface-reducing microenvironment significantly silenced the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling pathway of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), followed by increased focal adhesion and inhibition of cell membrane protein dimerization. Furthermore, in vivo transplantation of MSCs exposed to the reducing microenvironment resulted in an early osteogenic commitment and neobone formation. Thus, these results highlight the potential of cell surface-reducing microenvironment to influence early osteogenic commitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunbum Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Eun-Seo Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Korea
| | - Jiyong Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hwan Drew Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, Korea
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27
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Kim HD, Hong X, An Y, Park MJ, Kim D, Greene AK, Padwa BL, Hwang NS, Lin R, Melero‐Martin JM. Bone Tissue Engineering: A Biphasic Osteovascular Biomimetic Scaffold for Rapid and Self‐Sustained Endochondral Ossification (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 13/2021). Adv Healthc Mater 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202170060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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28
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Kim HD, Hong X, An YH, Park MJ, Kim DG, Greene AK, Padwa BL, Hwang NS, Lin RZ, Melero-Martin JM. A Biphasic Osteovascular Biomimetic Scaffold for Rapid and Self-Sustained Endochondral Ossification. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100070. [PMID: 33882194 PMCID: PMC8273143 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of large bones remains a challenge in surgery. Recent developmental engineering efforts aim to recapitulate endochondral ossification (EO), a critical step in bone formation. However, this process entails the condensation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into cartilaginous templates, which requires long-term cultures and is challenging to scale up. Here, a biomimetic scaffold is developed that allows rapid and self-sustained EO without initial hypertrophic chondrogenesis. The design comprises a porous chondroitin sulfate cryogel decorated with whitlockite calcium phosphate nanoparticles, and a soft hydrogel occupying the porous space. This composite scaffold enables human endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) and MSCs to rapidly assemble into osteovascular niches in immunodeficient mice. These niches contain ECFC-lined blood vessels and perivascular MSCs that differentiate into RUNX2+ OSX+ pre-osteoblasts after one week in vivo. Subsequently, multiple ossification centers are formed, leading to de novo bone tissue formation by eight weeks, including mature human OCN+ OPN+ osteoblasts, collagen-rich mineralized extracellular matrix, hydroxyapatite, osteoclast activity, and gradual mechanical competence. The early establishment of blood vessels is essential, and grafts that do not contain ECFCs fail to produce osteovascular niches and ossification centers. The findings suggest a novel bioengineering approach to recapitulate EO in the context of human bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan D. Kim
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju, 27469, Republic of Korea (H.D.K current address)
| | - Xuechong Hong
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, BioMAX Institute, Institute of Chemical Processes, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihn Jeong Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, BioMAX Institute, Institute of Chemical Processes, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Do-Gyoon Kim
- Division of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Arin K. Greene
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bonnie L. Padwa
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, BioMAX Institute, Institute of Chemical Processes, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruei-Zeng Lin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Juan M. Melero-Martin
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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29
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An YH, Kim DH, Lee EJ, Lee D, Park MJ, Ko J, Kim DW, Koh J, Hong HS, Son Y, Cho JY, Park JU, Kim SD, Hwang NS. High-Efficient Production of Adipose-Derived Stem Cell (ADSC) Secretome Through Maturation Process and Its Non-scarring Wound Healing Applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:681501. [PMID: 34222219 PMCID: PMC8242583 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.681501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the stem cell-derived secretome, which is the set of proteins expressed by stem cells and secreted into the extracellular space, has been demonstrated as a critical contributor for tissue repair. In this study, we have produced two sets of high concentration secretomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) that contain bovine serum or free of exogenous molecules. Through proteomic analysis, we elucidated that proteins related to extracellular matrix organization and growth factor-related proteins are highly secreted by ADSCs. Additionally, the application of ADSC secretome to full skin defect showed accelerated wound closure, enhanced angiogenic response, and complete regeneration of epithelial gaps. Furthermore, the ADSC secretome was capable of reducing scar formation. Finally, we show high-dose injection of ADSC secretome via intraperitoneal or transdermal delivery demonstrated no detectable pathological conditions in various tissues/organs, which supports the notion that ADSC secretome can be safely utilized for tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | - Dabin Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mihn Jeong Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiwan Koh
- Senior Science & Life, Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Sook Hong
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Youngsook Son
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Genetic Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Je-Yoel Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji-Ung Park
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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30
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Kim BS, Kim JU, So KH, Hwang NS. Supercritical Fluid-Based Decellularization Technologies for Regenerative Medicine Applications. Macromol Biosci 2021; 21:e2100160. [PMID: 34121330 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202100160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Supercritical fluid-based extraction technologies are currently being increasingly utilized in high purity extract products for food industries. In recent years, supercritical fluid-based extraction technology is transformed in biomaterials process fields to be further utilized for tissue engineering and other biomedical applications. In particular, supercritical fluid-based decellularization protocols have great advantage over the conventional decellularization as it may allow preservation of extracellular matrix components and structures. In this review, the latest technological development utilizing the supercritical fluid-based decellularization for regenerative medicine is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beom-Seok Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Uk Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ha So
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Song W, Ko J, Choi YH, Hwang NS. Recent advancements in enzyme-mediated crosslinkable hydrogels: In vivo-mimicking strategies. APL Bioeng 2021; 5:021502. [PMID: 33834154 PMCID: PMC8018798 DOI: 10.1063/5.0037793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymes play a central role in fundamental biological processes and have been traditionally used to trigger various processes. In recent years, enzymes have been used to tune biomaterial responses and modify the chemical structures at desired sites. These chemical modifications have allowed the fabrication of various hydrogels for tissue engineering and therapeutic applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the use of enzymes for hydrogel fabrication. Strategies to enhance the enzyme function and improve biocompatibility are described. In addition, we describe future opportunities and challenges for the production of enzyme-mediated crosslinkable hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonmoon Song
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hwan Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed:. Tel.: 82-2-880-1635. Fax: 82-2-880-7295
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Kim M, Kim H, Lee YS, Lee S, Kim SE, Lee UJ, Jung S, Park CG, Hong J, Doh J, Lee DY, Kim BG, Hwang NS. Novel enzymatic cross-linking-based hydrogel nanofilm caging system on pancreatic β cell spheroid for long-term blood glucose regulation. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/26/eabf7832. [PMID: 34162541 PMCID: PMC8221614 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf7832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell therapy for type 1 diabetes is limited by low cell survival rate owing to physical stress and aggressive host immune response. In this study, we demonstrate a multilayer hydrogel nanofilm caging strategy capable of protecting cells from high shear stress and reducing immune response by interfering cell-cell interaction. Hydrogel nanofilm is fabricated by monophenol-modified glycol chitosan and hyaluronic acid that cross-link each other to form a nanothin hydrogel film on the cell surface via tyrosinase-mediated reactions. Furthermore, hydrogel nanofilm formation was conducted on mouse β cell spheroids for the islet transplantation application. The cytoprotective effect against physical stress and the immune protective effect were evaluated. Last, caged mouse β cell spheroids were transplanted into the type 1 diabetes mouse model and successfully regulated its blood glucose level. Overall, our enzymatic cross-linking-based hydrogel nanofilm caging method will provide a new platform for clinical applications of cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minji Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Sun Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Nam-gu, Pohang, Gyeongbuk 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Uk-Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Jung
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Chung-Gyu Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkee Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Junsang Doh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Research of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Amirthalingam S, Lee SS, Rajendran AK, Kim I, Hwang NS, Rangasamy J. Addition of lactoferrin and substance P in a chitin/PLGA-CaSO 4 hydrogel for regeneration of calvarial bone defects. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 126:112172. [PMID: 34082973 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-based injectable hydrogels with various bioactive active molecules possess a great potential for bone regeneration. Herein, we have synthesized a chitin-PLGA-calcium sulfate hydrogel (CSG) containing bioactive molecules - lactoferrin (LF) and substance P (SP). SEM and XRD analysis revealed that CS crystal growth was altered with the addition of LF. Rheological measurements indicated that the injectability of the hydrogels was maintained after the addition of LF, however, there was a reduction in storage modulus after LF addition. The addition of LF increased stem cell proliferation whereas, SP enhanced the cell migration. Osteogenic gene expression revealed that LF concentration at 25 μg/mg of CSG was optimal for a favourable outcome. To this optimized LF containing CSG, SP was incorporated and 0.05 μg/mg was found to be most effective (CSG-L3S2) in vitro studies. Further, the μ-CT and histological studies confirmed that CSG-L3S2 showed enhanced bone regeneration compared to the controls in critical-sized calvarial defect of mice. Thus the results indicate that a combination of the chemotactic agent (SP), pleiotropic growth protein (LF), and CS in the chitin-PLGA hydrogel could be a promising approach for non-load bearing bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi-682041, India; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun S Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Arun Kumar Rajendran
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseon Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea; Bio-MAX Institute, Institute of Bio-Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jayakumar Rangasamy
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi-682041, India.
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Lee EA, Kwak SY, Yang JK, Lee YS, Kim JH, Kim HD, Hwang NS. Graphene oxide film guided skeletal muscle differentiation. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2021; 126:112174. [PMID: 34082975 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Engineered muscle tissues can be used for the regeneration or substitution of irreversibly damaged or diseased muscles. Recently, graphene oxide (GO) has been shown to improve the adsorption of biomolecules through its biocompatibility and intrinsic π-π interactions. The possibility of producing various GO modifications may also provide additional functionality as substrates for cell culture. In particular, substrates fabricated from pristine GO have been shown to improve cellular functions and influence stem cell differentiation. In this study, we fabricated tunable GO substrates with various physical and chemical properties and demonstrated the ability of the substrate to support myogenic differentiation. Higher cellular adhesion affinity with unique microfilament anchorage was observed for GO substrates with increased GO concentrations. In addition, amino acid (AA)-conjugated GO (GO-AA) substrates were fabricated to modify GO chemical properties and study the effects of chemically modified GO substrates on myogenic differentiation. Our findings demonstrate that minor tuning of GO significantly influences myogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjee A Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Kwak
- Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioengineering, BioMAX/N-Bio Institute of Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyoung Yang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sik Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ho Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hwan D Kim
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioengineering, BioMAX/N-Bio Institute of Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Kim JA, An YH, Yim HG, Han WJ, Park YB, Park HJ, Kim MY, Jang J, Koh RH, Kim SH, Hwang NS, Ha CW. Injectable Fibrin/Polyethylene Oxide Semi-IPN Hydrogel for a Segmental Meniscal Defect Regeneration. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:1538-1550. [PMID: 33764798 DOI: 10.1177/0363546521998021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Meniscal deficiency from meniscectomy is a common situation in clinical practices. Regeneration of the deficient meniscal portion, however, is still not feasible. PURPOSE To develop an injectable hydrogel system consisting of fibrin (Fb) and polyethylene oxide (PEO) and to estimate its clinical potential for treating a segmental defect of the meniscus in a rabbit meniscal defect model. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS The Fb/PEO hydrogel was fabricated by extruding 100 mg·mL-1 of fibrinogen solution and 2,500 U·mL-1 of thrombin solution containing 100 mg·mL-1 of PEO through a dual-syringe system. The hydrogels were characterized by rheological analysis and biodegradation tests. The meniscal defects of New Zealand White male rabbits were generated by removing 60% of the medial meniscus from the anterior side. The removed portion included the central portion. The Fb/PEO hydrogel was injected into the meniscal defect of the experimental knee through the joint space between the femoral condyle and tibial plateau at the anterior knee without a skin incision. The entire medial menisci from both knees of each rabbit were collected and photographed before placement in formalin for histological processing. Hematoxylin and eosin, safranin O, and immunohistochemical staining for type II collagen was performed. The biomechanical property of the regenerated meniscus was evaluated using a universal tensile machine. RESULTS The Fb/PEO hydrogel was fabricated by an in situ gelation process, and the hydrogel displayed a semi-interpenetrating polymer network structure. We demonstrated that the mechanical properties of Fb-based hydrogels increased in a PEO-dependent manner. Furthermore, the addition of PEO delayed the biodegradation of the hydrogel. Our in vivo data demonstrated that, as compared with Fb hydrogel, Fb/PEO hydrogel injection into the meniscectomy model showed improved tissue regeneration. The regenerated meniscal tissue by Fb/PEO hydrogel showed enhanced tissue quality, which was supported by the histological and biomechanical properties. CONCLUSION The Fb/PEO hydrogel had an effective tissue-regenerative ability through injection into the in vivo rabbit meniscal defect model. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This injectable hydrogel system can promote meniscal repair and be readily utilized in clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-A Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-MAX/NBio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Gu Yim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Han
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Young Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Jang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Racheal H Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Bio-MAX/NBio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Won Ha
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kim S, Lee SS, Son B, Kim JA, Hwang NS, Park TH. Partially Digested Osteoblast Cell Line-Derived Extracellular Matrix Induces Rapid Mineralization and Osteogenesis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1134-1146. [PMID: 33523650 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An extracellular matrix (ECM) utilized as a biomaterial can be obtained from organs of living organisms. Therefore, it has some limitations in its supply because of insufficient organs. Furthermore, therapeutic efficacy of ECMs varies depending on factors such as donor's health condition and age. For this reason, ECMs obtained from a cell line could be a good alternative because they can be produced under a controlled environment with uniform quality. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of the MC3T3-E1 cell line-derived ECM as bone graft. The optimized decellularization process was developed to separate the ECM from MC3T3-E1, osteoblast cell line, using Trypsin-EDTA and Triton X-100. The decellularized ECM was partially digested using pepsin. Also, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells induced faster osteogenesis on the ECM-coated surface than on the collagen-coated surface. Partially digested ECM fragments were embedded on the polyethylene glycol scaffold without additional chemical modification or crosslinking. Micro-computed tomography and histological analysis results showed that the ECM in the scaffold promoted actual bone regeneration after in vivo implantation to a mouse calvarial defect model. This study suggests that the bone-specific ECM derived from the cell line can replace the ECM from organs for application in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seulha Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun S Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Son
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ah Kim
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of BioEngineerig, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of BioEngineerig, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee H, An Y, Kim TK, Ryu J, Park GK, Park MJ, Ko J, Kim H, Choi HS, Hwang NS, Park TH. Wound Healing: Enhancement of Wound Healing Efficacy by Increasing the Stability and Skin‐Penetrating Property of bFGF Using 30Kc19α‐Based Fusion Protein (Adv. Biology 1/2021). Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202170011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Kim HD, Park J, Amirthalingam S, Jayakumar R, Hwang NS. Bioinspired inorganic nanoparticles and vascular factor microenvironment directed neo-bone formation. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:2627-2637. [PMID: 32242197 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Various strategies have been explored to stimulate new bone formation. These strategies include using angiogenic stimulants in combination with inorganic biomaterials. Neovascularization during the neo-bone formation provides nutrients along with bone-forming minerals. Therefore, it is crucial to design a bone stimulating microenvironment composed of both pro-angiogenic and osteogenic factors. In this respect, human vascular endothelial growth factor (hVEGF) has been shown to promote blood vessel formation and bone formation. Furthermore, in recent years, whitlockite (WH), a novel phase of magnesium-containing calcium phosphate derivatives that exist in our bone tissue, has been synthesized and applied in bone tissue engineering. In this study, our aim is to explore the potential use of hVEGF and WH for bone tissue engineering. Our study demonstrated that hVEGF and a WH microenvironment synergistically stimulated osteogenic commitment of mesenchymal stem cells both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwan D Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jungha Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sivashanmugam Amirthalingam
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - R Jayakumar
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi 682041, India
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, the Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea. and Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 151-742, Seoul, Republic of Korea and The BioMax/N-Bio Institute of Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
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An YH, Kim JA, Yim HG, Han WJ, Park YB, Jin Park H, Young Kim M, Jang J, Koh RH, Kim SH, Hwang NS, Ha CW. Meniscus regeneration with injectable Pluronic/PMMA-reinforced fibrin hydrogels in a rabbit segmental meniscectomy model. J Tissue Eng 2021; 12:20417314211050141. [PMID: 34721832 PMCID: PMC8552387 DOI: 10.1177/20417314211050141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Injectable hydrogel systems are a facile approach to apply to the damaged meniscus in a minimally invasive way. We herein developed a clinically applicable and injectable semi-interpenetrated network (semi-IPN) hydrogel system based on fibrin (Fb), reinforced with Pluronic F127 (F127) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), to improve the intrinsic weak mechanical properties. Through the dual-syringe device system, the hydrogel could form a gel state within about 50 s, and the increment of compressive modulus of Fb hydrogels was achieved by adding F127 from 3.0% (72.0 ± 4.3 kPa) to 10.0% (156.0 ± 9.8 kPa). The shear modulus was enhanced by adding PMMA microbeads (26.0 ± 1.1 kPa), which was higher than Fb (13.5 ± 0.5 kPa) and Fb/F127 (21.7 ± 0.8 kPa). Moreover, the addition of F127 and PMMA also delayed the rate of enzymatic biodegradation of Fb hydrogel. Finally, we confirmed that both Fb/F127 and Fb/F127/PMMA hydrogels showed accelerated tissue repair in the in vivo segmental defect of the rabbit meniscus model. In addition, the histological analysis showed that the quality of the regenerated tissues healed by Fb/F127 was particularly comparable to that of healthy tissue. The biomechanical strength of the regenerated tissues of Fb/F127 (3.50 ± 0.35 MPa) and Fb/F127/PMMA (3.59 ± 0.89 MPa) was much higher than that of Fb (0.82 ± 0.05 MPa) but inferior to that of healthy tissue (6.63 ± 1.12 MPa). These results suggest that the reinforcement of Fb hydrogel using FDA-approved synthetic biomaterials has great potential to be used clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Kim
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Gu Yim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Han
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Beom Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Park
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Young Kim
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewon Jang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Racheal H. Koh
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering (BK21 FOUR), Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Bio-MAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Won Ha
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Amirthalingam S, Lee SS, Pandian M, Ramu J, Iyer S, Hwang NS, Jayakumar R. Combinatorial effect of nano whitlockite/nano bioglass with FGF-18 in an injectable hydrogel for craniofacial bone regeneration. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2439-2453. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01496f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Comparing the bone regeneration potential of nano whitlockite or nano bioglass in combination with FGF-18, loaded in an injectable, shear-thinning chitin/PLGA hydrogel for craniofacial bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seunghun S. Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- the Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Mahalakshmi Pandian
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
- Kochi-682041
- India
| | - Janarthanan Ramu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
- Kochi 682041
- India
| | - Subramania Iyer
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
- Kochi 682041
- India
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering
- the Institute of Chemical Processes
- Seoul National University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Rangasamy Jayakumar
- Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine
- Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham
- Kochi-682041
- India
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Lee H, An YH, Kim TK, Ryu J, Park GK, Park MJ, Ko J, Kim H, Choi HS, Hwang NS, Park TH. Enhancement of Wound Healing Efficacy by Increasing the Stability and Skin-Penetrating Property of bFGF Using 30Kc19α-Based Fusion Protein. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000176. [PMID: 33724733 PMCID: PMC7996635 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The instability of recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a major disadvantage for its therapeutic use and means frequent applications to cells or tissues are required for sustained effects. Originating from silkworm hemolymph, 30Kc19α is a cell-penetrating protein that also has protein stabilization properties. Herein, it is investigated whether fusing 30Kc19α to bFGF can enhance the stability and skin penetration properties of bFGF, which may consequently increase its therapeutic efficacy. The fusion of 30Kc19α to bFGF protein increases protein stability, as confirmed by ELISA. 30Kc19α-bFGF also retains the biological activity of bFGF as it facilitates the migration and proliferation of fibroblasts and angiogenesis of endothelial cells. It is discovered that 30Kc19α can improve the transdermal delivery of a small molecular fluorophore through the skin of hairless mice. Importantly, it increases the accumulation of bFGF and further facilitates its translocation into the skin through follicular routes. Finally, when applied to a skin wound model in vivo, 30Kc19α-bFGF penetrates the dermis layer effectively, which promotes cell proliferation, tissue granulation, angiogenesis, and tissue remodeling. Consequently, the findings suggest that 30Kc19α improves the therapeutic functionalities of bFGF, and would be useful as a protein stabilizer and/or a delivery vehicle in therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haein Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Keun Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Ryu
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - G Kate Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Mihn Jeong Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbum Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Soo Choi
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Institute of BioEngineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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Lee SS, Kim JH, Jeong J, Kim SHL, Koh RH, Kim I, Bae S, Lee H, Hwang NS. Sequential growth factor releasing double cryogel system for enhanced bone regeneration. Biomaterials 2020; 257:120223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Jin Y, Koh RH, Kim SH, Kim KM, Park GK, Hwang NS. Injectable anti-inflammatory hyaluronic acid hydrogel for osteoarthritic cartilage repair. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2020; 115:111096. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Lee H, Kim SHL, Yoon H, Ryu J, Park HH, Hwang NS, Park TH. Intracellular Delivery of Recombinant RUNX2 Facilitated by Cell-Penetrating Protein for the Osteogenic Differentiation of hMSCs. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5202-5214. [PMID: 33455270 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a commonly used cell source for cell therapy and tissue engineering because of their easy accessibility and multipotency. Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) is a master regulator of the osteogenic commitment of hMSCs. Either recombinant plasmid delivery or viral transduction has been utilized to activate RUNX2 gene expression for effective hMSC differentiation. In this study, recombinant RUNX2 fused with cell-penetrating 30Kc19α protein (30Kc19α-RUNX2) was delivered into hMSCs for osteogenic commitment. Fusion of recombinant RUNX2 with 30Kc19α resulted in successful delivery of the protein into cells and enhanced soluble expression of the protein. Intracellular delivery of the 30Kc19α-RUNX2 fusion protein enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in vitro. 30Kc19α-RUNX2 treatment resulted in increased ALP accumulation and elevated calcium deposition. Finally, implantation of hMSCs treated with 30Kc19α-RUNX2 showed osteogenesis via cell delivery into the subcutaneous tissue and bone regeneration in a cranial defect mouse model. Therefore, we suggest that 30Kc19α-RUNX2, an osteoinductive recombinant protein, is an efficient tool for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haein Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungro Yoon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jina Ryu
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ho Park
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tai Hyun Park
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMax/N-Bio Institute, Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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45
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An YH, Lee J, Son DU, Kang DH, Park MJ, Cho KW, Kim S, Kim SH, Ko J, Jang MH, Lee JY, Kim DH, Hwang NS. Facilitated Transdermal Drug Delivery Using Nanocarriers-Embedded Electroconductive Hydrogel Coupled with Reverse Electrodialysis-Driven Iontophoresis. ACS Nano 2020; 14:4523-4535. [PMID: 32191436 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We herein developed an iontophoretic transdermal drug delivery system for the effective delivery of electrically mobile drug nanocarriers (DNs). Our system consists of a portable and disposable reverse electrodialysis (RED) battery that generates electric power for iontophoresis through the ionic exchange. In addition, in order to provide a drug reservoir to the RED-driven iontophoretic system, an electroconductive hydrogel composed of polypyrrole-incorporated poly(vinyl alcohol) (PYP) was used. The PYP hydrogel facilitated electron transfer from the RED battery and accelerated the mobility of electrically mobile DNs released from the PYP hydrogel. In this study, we showed that fluconazole- or rosiglitazone-loaded DNs could be functionalized with charge-inducing agents, and DNs with charge modification resulted in facilitated transdermal transport via repulsive RED-driven iontophoresis. In addition, topical application and RED-driven iontophoresis of rosiglitazone-loaded DNs resulted in an effective antiobese condition displaying decreased bodyweight, reduced glucose level, and increased conversion of white adipose tissues to brown adipose tissues in vivo. Consequently, we highlight that this transdermal drug delivery platform would be extensively utilized for delivering diverse therapeutic agents in a noninvasive way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Biosensor Laboratories Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Uk Son
- Biosensor Laboratories Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihn Jeong Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Won Cho
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Semin Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Hwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hoon Jang
- Biosensor Laboratories Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyeong Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Kim SHL, Lee SS, Kim I, Kwon J, Kwon S, Bae T, Hur J, Lee H, Hwang NS. Ectopic transient overexpression of OCT-4 facilitates BMP4-induced osteogenic transdifferentiation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. J Tissue Eng 2020; 11:2041731420909208. [PMID: 32201555 PMCID: PMC7066588 DOI: 10.1177/2041731420909208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Limitation in cell sources for autologous cell therapy has been a recent focus in stem cell therapy and tissue engineering. Among various research advances, direct conversion, or transdifferentiation, is a notable and feasible strategy for the generation and acquirement of wanted cell source. So far, utilizing cell transdifferentiation technology in tissue engineering was mainly restricted at achieving single wanted cell type from diverse cell types with high efficiency. However, regeneration of a complete tissue always requires multiple cell types which poses an intrinsic complexity. In this study, enhanced osteogenic differentiation was achieved by transient ectopic expression of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4) gene followed by bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment on human umbilical vein endothelial cells. OCT-4 transfection and bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment resulted in enhanced expression of osteogenic markers such as core-binding factor alpha 1, alkaline phosphatase, and collagen 1 compared with bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment alone. Furthermore, we employed gelatin-heparin cryogel in cranial defect model for in vivo bone formation. Micro-computed tomography and histological analysis of in vivo samples showed that OCT-4 transfection followed by bone morphogenetic protein 4 treatment resulted in efficient transdifferentiation of endothelial cells to osteogenic cells. These results suggest that the combination of OCT-4 and bone morphogenetic protein 4 on endothelial cells would be a reliable multicellular transdifferentiation model which could be applied for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hyun L Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun S Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseon Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Kwon
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Kwon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegeun Bae
- BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junho Hur
- Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwajin Lee
- School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,BioMAX/N-Bio Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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47
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Kim SH, Kim K, Kim BS, An YH, Lee UJ, Lee SH, Kim SL, Kim BG, Hwang NS. Fabrication of polyphenol-incorporated anti-inflammatory hydrogel via high-affinity enzymatic crosslinking for wet tissue adhesion. Biomaterials 2020; 242:119905. [PMID: 32145505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.119905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Epigallocatechin gallates (EGCGs), isolated from green tea, have intrinsic properties such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammation, and radical scavenger effects. In this study, we report a tissue adhesive and anti-inflammatory hydrogel formed by high-affinity enzymatic crosslinking of polyphenolic EGCGs. A mixture of EGCG conjugated hyaluronic acids (HA_E) and tyramine conjugated hyaluronic acids (HA_T) was reacted with tyrosinase isolated from Streptomyces avermitillis (SA_Ty) to form that displayed fast enzyme kinetic to form a crosslinked adhesive hydrogel. A 1,2,3-trihydroxyphenyl group in EGCG displayed a high affinity to SA_Ty that allowed HA_E to be quickly oxidized and crosslinked with HA_T to form HA_T and HA_E mixed hydrogel (HA_TE). We then compared the HA_TE hydrogel with commercially available tissue adhesives, such as cyanoacrylate and fibrin glue. We report that the HA_TE exhibited the highest tissue adhesiveness both in wet and dry conditions. Furthermore, HA_TE successfully closed a skin wound and displayed insignificant host tissue responses. This demonstrates that polyphenol-incorporated anti-inflammatory hydrogel may provide a robust tissue adhesive platform for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hwan Kim
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungmin Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Seok Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Uk-Jae Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyuk Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun L Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Gee Kim
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- Institute of Engineering Research, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Process, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Republic of Korea.
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48
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An Y, Park MJ, Lee J, Ko J, Kim S, Kang DH, Hwang NS. Recent Advances in the Transdermal Delivery of Protein Therapeutics with a Combinatorial System of Chemical Adjuvants and Physical Penetration Enhancements. Adv Therap 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Young‐Hyeon An
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Mihn Jeong Park
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyeon Ko
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Su‐Hwan Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyeon Kang
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
| | - Nathaniel S. Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological EngineeringInstitute of Chemical ProcessesSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in BioengineeringSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
- BioMAX Institute, Institute of BioengineeringSeoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea
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49
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Choi J, Bae T, Byambasuren N, Park SH, Jo CH, Kim D, Hur JK, Hwang NS. CRISPR-Cpf1 Activation of Endogenous BMP4 Gene for Osteogenic Differentiation of Umbilical-Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2020; 17:309-316. [PMID: 32021879 PMCID: PMC6994413 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The CRISPR systems provide powerful genome-editing tools for wide applications in biological and medical research fields. However, the safety issue due to off-target effects of CRISPR has been one of the major hindrances of its application to regenerative medicine. The conventional CRISPR system has the intrinsic danger of inducing unpredictable mutations at non-targeted genomic loci via erroneous double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs). In this study, we demonstrate a safety-enhanced application of a recently discovered CRISPR-Cpf1 for targeted gene activation, without DNA double-strand break, to facilitate osteogenic differentiation of human umbilical-cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs). To this end, we developed a catalytically inactive AsCpf1 fused to tripartite transcription activator domain (dAsCpf1-VPR) that can induce upregulation of targeted gene expression in mammalian cells. We observed that the CRISPR-dAsCpf1-VPR activator can be applied to enhance the osteogenic differentiation of human UC-MSCs, via increasing the expression level of endogenous BMP4 gene. The results suggested that the CRISPR-Cpf1 activator provides versatile methods applicable for bone regeneration and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehoon Choi
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taegeun Bae
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ninj Byambasuren
- Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Institute of Bio Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong-Ho Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chris H Jo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dokyoung Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Medical Research Center for Bioreaction to Reactive Oxygen Species and Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junho K Hur
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee Unversity, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Institute of Bio Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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50
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Lee ES, Moon S, Abu-Bonsrah KD, Kim YK, Hwang MY, Kim YJ, Kim S, Hwang NS, Kim HH, Kim BJ. Programmable Nuclease-Based Integration into Novel Extragenic Genomic Safe Harbor Identified from Korean Population-Based CNV Analysis. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2019; 14:253-265. [PMID: 31463366 PMCID: PMC6708990 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Here, we found two genomic safe harbor (GSH) candidates from chromosomes 3 and 8, based on large-scale population-based cohort data from 4,694 Koreans by CNV analysis. Furthermore, estimated genotype of these CNVRs was validated by quantitative real-time PCR, and epidemiological data examined no significant genetic association between diseases or traits and two CNVRs. After screening the GSH candidates by in silico approaches, we designed TALEN pairs to integrate EGFP expression cassette into human cell lines in order to confirm the functionality of GSH candidates in an in vitro setting. As a result, transgene insertion into one of the two loci using TALEN showed robust transgene expression comparable to that with an AAVS1 site without significantly perturbing neighboring genes. Changing the promoter or cell type did not noticeably disturb this trend. Thus, we could validate two CNVRs as a site for effective and safe transgene insertion in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Seo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03372, Republic of Korea.,School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghoon Moon
- Division of Genome Research, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Korea
| | - Kwaku Dad Abu-Bonsrah
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Yun Kyoung Kim
- Division of Genome Research, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Korea
| | - Mi Yeong Hwang
- Division of Genome Research, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Korea
| | - Young Jin Kim
- Division of Genome Research, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Korea
| | | | - Nathaniel S Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,BioMax Institute of Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyongbum Henry Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03372, Republic of Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03372, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanomedicine, Institute of Basic Science (IBS), Seoul 03772, Republic of Korea.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03372, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Jo Kim
- Division of Genome Research, Center for Genome Science, Korea National Institute of Health, Chungcheongbuk-do 28159, Korea
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